Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10197
D. Tyagi
The field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Farm, ITM University Gwalior M.P. during rabi season of 2019-21. The experiment was deliberated in randomized block design with eight treatments replicated thrice. Results revealed that application of 50% vermicompost resulted in maximum growth attributes (plant height 33.1cm, green leaves per plant 8.2, length of longest leaf 33.9cm, width of longest leaf 21.3cm, spread of plant across row length 34.2cm, spread of plant along row35.0 cm). Yield attributes and curd yield of cauliflower (36.6 q ha-1) were recorded with the application of 50% vermicompost. The net return of Rs. 157950 ha-1 and B:C ratio (4.031) were noted highest with 50% vermicompost. Application of 80% poultry manure proved next best treatment with respect to yield and economics of cauliflower. The lowest values of these parameters were recorded under control.
{"title":"Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on growth, yield and economics of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis)","authors":"D. Tyagi","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10197","url":null,"abstract":"The field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Farm, ITM University Gwalior M.P. during rabi season of 2019-21. The experiment was deliberated in randomized block design with eight treatments replicated thrice. Results revealed that application of 50% vermicompost resulted in maximum growth attributes (plant height 33.1cm, green leaves per plant 8.2, length of longest leaf 33.9cm, width of longest leaf 21.3cm, spread of plant across row length 34.2cm, spread of plant along row35.0 cm). Yield attributes and curd yield of cauliflower (36.6 q ha-1) were recorded with the application of 50% vermicompost. The net return of Rs. 157950 ha-1 and B:C ratio (4.031) were noted highest with 50% vermicompost. Application of 80% poultry manure proved next best treatment with respect to yield and economics of cauliflower. The lowest values of these parameters were recorded under control.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85492147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10180
Mohankumar K.T.
A greenhouse experiment was conducted at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi during 2017-18 to study the effect of low molecular weight organic acids on phosphorus fractions and its content in wheat and soybean. The results revealed that the applied LMWOAs showed significant increase in the plant available P fraction over control and oxalic acid application out rated the citric acid. The applied citric acid was found to be significantly superior in decreasing the Al and Fe bound P, whereas, oxalic acid was superior to citric acid in reducing the Ca bound P. Application of 20 mg LMWOAs kg-1 was found to be better dose in enhancing the available P and reducing the Al, Fe and Ca bound P. The applied 100% recommended dose of phosphorus showed significant increase in available, calcium, aluminium and reductant P fractions over other levels of applied P. The application of LMWOAs significantly enhanced the P content in both wheat and soybean crops. However, both oxalic and citric acid were found at par with each other in enhancing the P content in the crops. Overall, 15 mg LMWOAs kg-1 was found to be economic level in enhancing the P content in the crops and 100% RDP application showed significant enhancement in grain, straw and root P content over other levels of applied P. The LMWOAs are actually the organic compounds, so there will be no adverse effect of these products application to the soil compared to the inorganic chemicals and fertilizers.
{"title":"Impact of low molecular weight organic acids on soil phosphorus fractions and its content in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and soybean (Glycine max)","authors":"Mohankumar K.T.","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10180","url":null,"abstract":"A greenhouse experiment was conducted at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi during 2017-18 to study the effect of low molecular weight organic acids on phosphorus fractions and its content in wheat and soybean. The results revealed that the applied LMWOAs showed significant increase in the plant available P fraction over control and oxalic acid application out rated the citric acid. The applied citric acid was found to be significantly superior in decreasing the Al and Fe bound P, whereas, oxalic acid was superior to citric acid in reducing the Ca bound P. Application of 20 mg LMWOAs kg-1 was found to be better dose in enhancing the available P and reducing the Al, Fe and Ca bound P. The applied 100% recommended dose of phosphorus showed significant increase in available, calcium, aluminium and reductant P fractions over other levels of applied P. The application of LMWOAs significantly enhanced the P content in both wheat and soybean crops. However, both oxalic and citric acid were found at par with each other in enhancing the P content in the crops. Overall, 15 mg LMWOAs kg-1 was found to be economic level in enhancing the P content in the crops and 100% RDP application showed significant enhancement in grain, straw and root P content over other levels of applied P. The LMWOAs are actually the organic compounds, so there will be no adverse effect of these products application to the soil compared to the inorganic chemicals and fertilizers.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80848745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10188
Sharat Kothari
As the production sector of N fertilizer challenged by energy crisis of the world and consumption sector is challenged by the environmental impacts, there is an urgent need to improve the nitrogen use efficiency for the sustainable growth of agriculture sector. The controlled release/ slow-release N fertilizers are smart choices to serve this purpose. So, this manuscript aims to synthesise nano clay bio-polymer composites (NCBPC) and using it for controlled N release. Nano clay bio-polymer composites were prepared by aqueous copolymerization of acrylic acid with acrylamide in presence of bentonite nano clay and starch as a partial replacement for synthetic polymers. Maize and wheat flour (maida) were used as starch source at 20 and 30% replacement level to synthesise different NCBPC products. The resulting products were characterized using FTIR and SEM which revealed the participation of bentonite and starch in the polymerization reaction at the nano level. The incubation study in soil disclosed the slow-release of nitrogen by these materials. Therefore, bentonite clay with cereal grain flours may be used for the synthesis of nano clay bio-polymer composites for slow-release of nitrogen.
{"title":"Nanoclay biopolymer composites: Synthesis, characterization and nitrogen release under controlled conditions","authors":"Sharat Kothari","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10188","url":null,"abstract":"As the production sector of N fertilizer challenged by energy crisis of the world and consumption sector is challenged by the environmental impacts, there is an urgent need to improve the nitrogen use efficiency for the sustainable growth of agriculture sector. The controlled release/ slow-release N fertilizers are smart choices to serve this purpose. So, this manuscript aims to synthesise nano clay bio-polymer composites (NCBPC) and using it for controlled N release. Nano clay bio-polymer composites were prepared by aqueous copolymerization of acrylic acid with acrylamide in presence of bentonite nano clay and starch as a partial replacement for synthetic polymers. Maize and wheat flour (maida) were used as starch source at 20 and 30% replacement level to synthesise different NCBPC products. The resulting products were characterized using FTIR and SEM which revealed the participation of bentonite and starch in the polymerization reaction at the nano level. The incubation study in soil disclosed the slow-release of nitrogen by these materials. Therefore, bentonite clay with cereal grain flours may be used for the synthesis of nano clay bio-polymer composites for slow-release of nitrogen.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83520688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10187
R. Senapati
Guava is known as “Super fruit”; it is the third richest source of Vitamin C. In this study Black guava is characterized morphologically, biochemically and on molecular basis. Result revealed that Black guava had the maximum total anthocyan in content (9.663 mg/100g) compared to white and pink pulped counterparts. Pink pulped Hisar Surkha and Lalit genotypes contained both lycopene and anthocyanin while another pink pulped genotype, Punjab Pink, had only lycopene. Further, all the eight guava genotypes irrespective of their pulp colour had total carotenoids (0.203 mg/100g - 0.730 mg/100g). Based on our results, the Black guava had unique morphological features like leaf colour, shoot colour and fruit pulp colour. The pulp colour of Black guava is due to the presence of anthocyanins. In general, the pulp colour of guava is due to combinations of more than one pigment and the final colour depends on the relative proportion of those pigments and suggests that “pigments in proportions” explains the pulp colour in guava. Anthocyanin pathway study in Black guava revealed that the primers for DFR and CHS gene of anthocyanin pathway amplified in Punjab Pink and not in case of Black guava.
{"title":"Black guava (Psidium guajava L.): Morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization for pulp colour","authors":"R. Senapati","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10187","url":null,"abstract":"Guava is known as “Super fruit”; it is the third richest source of Vitamin C. In this study Black guava is characterized morphologically, biochemically and on molecular basis. Result revealed that Black guava had the maximum total anthocyan in content (9.663 mg/100g) compared to white and pink pulped counterparts. Pink pulped Hisar Surkha and Lalit genotypes contained both lycopene and anthocyanin while another pink pulped genotype, Punjab Pink, had only lycopene. Further, all the eight guava genotypes irrespective of their pulp colour had total carotenoids (0.203 mg/100g - 0.730 mg/100g). Based on our results, the Black guava had unique morphological features like leaf colour, shoot colour and fruit pulp colour. The pulp colour of Black guava is due to the presence of anthocyanins. In general, the pulp colour of guava is due to combinations of more than one pigment and the final colour depends on the relative proportion of those pigments and suggests that “pigments in proportions” explains the pulp colour in guava. Anthocyanin pathway study in Black guava revealed that the primers for DFR and CHS gene of anthocyanin pathway amplified in Punjab Pink and not in case of Black guava.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89101012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10184
Deepak Gupta
An experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Navgaon (Alwar) during kharif season of 2019 to study the genetic divergence among 31 genotypes of pearl millet based on quantitative data of grain yield and its nine component traits using hierarchical cluster and principal component analysis (PCA). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that three components with eigen values more than one accounted for about 73.35% of the total variation among nine quantitative characters responsible for seed yield in pearl millet genotypes. The principal components PC1, PC2 and PC3 contributed about 37.44%, 22.63% and 13.28%, respectively to the total variation. The first principal component exhibited high positive loading for grain yield, stover yield, plant height, spike length, spike thickness and 1000-grain weight which contributed more to the diversity. The second principal component showed high loading for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and 1000-grain weight. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into five clusters indicated that grain yield, stover yield, 1000-grain weight and days to maturity contributed maximum towards genetic divergence. The grouping patterns of genotypes in principal component analysis and cluster analysis were almost in agreement with each other with minor deviations. The maximum inter cluster distance between genotypes of cluster V and III with cluster II, indicate that genotypes included in these clusters have high heterotic response and produce better seggregants of used in Pearl millet hybridization programme.
{"title":"Principal component analysis for yield and its attributing characters of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R.Br.)","authors":"Deepak Gupta","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10184","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Navgaon (Alwar) during kharif season of 2019 to study the genetic divergence among 31 genotypes of pearl millet based on quantitative data of grain yield and its nine component traits using hierarchical cluster and principal component analysis (PCA). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that three components with eigen values more than one accounted for about 73.35% of the total variation among nine quantitative characters responsible for seed yield in pearl millet genotypes. The principal components PC1, PC2 and PC3 contributed about 37.44%, 22.63% and 13.28%, respectively to the total variation. The first principal component exhibited high positive loading for grain yield, stover yield, plant height, spike length, spike thickness and 1000-grain weight which contributed more to the diversity. The second principal component showed high loading for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and 1000-grain weight. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into five clusters indicated that grain yield, stover yield, 1000-grain weight and days to maturity contributed maximum towards genetic divergence. The grouping patterns of genotypes in principal component analysis and cluster analysis were almost in agreement with each other with minor deviations. The maximum inter cluster distance between genotypes of cluster V and III with cluster II, indicate that genotypes included in these clusters have high heterotic response and produce better seggregants of used in Pearl millet hybridization programme.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80906843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10174
Reshma Shinde
Crop residues (CRs) composed of structurally complex lignocellulosic material which is resistant to degradation due to various biologically stable linkages present in it. Enhancing the process of its biological degradation using microbial strains capable of decomposing lignocellulose would not only solve the problem of CR disposal but also recycle the organic carbon, NPK and other plant nutrients back into the soil. This study was aimed at isolating and screening of the lignocellulose decomposing microbes from various sources such as crop residue incorporated soil, forest soil, soil near decaying wood, compost pit and dump yard. Total of 15 fungi and 6 bacteria were isolated in the form of pure colonies and screened for cellulose and lignin decomposing ability using carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and tannic acid (TA) agar media on the basis of appearance of clear zone. Five fungal and two bacterial cultures identified as lignocellulose decomposers were further screened quantitatively for CMCase and filter paperase enzyme assay by standard protocols. Two fungal strains, identified as Trichoderma species and Aspergillus species showed significant enzymatic activity and can be utilized as a potential lignocellulose decomposer.
{"title":"Isolation of lignocelluloses degrading microbes from soil and their screening based on qualitative analysis and enzymatic assays","authors":"Reshma Shinde","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10174","url":null,"abstract":"Crop residues (CRs) composed of structurally complex lignocellulosic material which is resistant to degradation due to various biologically stable linkages present in it. Enhancing the process of its biological degradation using microbial strains capable of decomposing lignocellulose would not only solve the problem of CR disposal but also recycle the organic carbon, NPK and other plant nutrients back into the soil. This study was aimed at isolating and screening of the lignocellulose decomposing microbes from various sources such as crop residue incorporated soil, forest soil, soil near decaying wood, compost pit and dump yard. Total of 15 fungi and 6 bacteria were isolated in the form of pure colonies and screened for cellulose and lignin decomposing ability using carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and tannic acid (TA) agar media on the basis of appearance of clear zone. Five fungal and two bacterial cultures identified as lignocellulose decomposers were further screened quantitatively for CMCase and filter paperase enzyme assay by standard protocols. Two fungal strains, identified as Trichoderma species and Aspergillus species showed significant enzymatic activity and can be utilized as a potential lignocellulose decomposer.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88130520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10181
N. Kalita
A field experiment was carried out in Hill Zone of Assam from 2017 to 2019 with the objective of identifying mulch types on soil moisture retention, soil physical and chemical properties, growth and yield of pineapple (Ananas comosus) grown in hill slopes under farmers’ field condition. The treatments consisting of mulching with black polythene, dhaincha (Sesbania aquleata) as mulch, frequent slashing of weeds, soil mulching (soil mounding) and farmers practice without any mulch as control were evaluated in a randomized block design. Soil moisture content at 0-30cm depth was significantly different among the mulching methods and highest value of 14.2% at 0-30cm depth at harvesting was recorded in black polythene followed by slashing of weeds (13.1) and minimum in farmers practice. Soil texture was not affected by various mulches but there was a decline in bulk density with mulching and minimum value of 1.23 kg m-3 was recorded under slashing of weeds. Higher organic carbon (8.8 g kg-1), available nitrogen (341.8 kg ha-1), phosphorus (9.5 kg ha-1) and potassium (100.6 kg ha-1) were recorded in organic mulches i.e. slashing of weeds and dhaincha. The highest yield attributing characters and fruit yield of 38.3t ha-1 was recorded in the black polythene treatment followed by dhaincha as mulch (36.5 t ha-1) and frequent slashing of weed (35.6 t ha-1). Soil mulching and farmers practice recorded significantly lower yield than other treatments.
2017 - 2019年，在阿萨姆邦丘陵地区进行了田间试验，目的是在农民田间条件下，确定不同覆盖类型对坡地凤梨(Ananas comosus)土壤保水性、土壤理化性质、生长和产量的影响。采用随机区组设计对黑聚乙烯覆盖、田籽(Sesbania aquleata)覆盖、频繁修剪杂草、土壤覆盖(土壤堆筑)和农民不覆盖作为对照的处理进行评估。不同覆盖方式在0-30cm深度的土壤含水量差异显著，收获时黑色聚乙烯覆盖的土壤含水量最高，为14.2%，其次是割草(13.1%)，农民实践中最低。不同覆盖方式对土壤质地影响不大，但覆盖后土壤容重下降，刈割杂草容重最小，为1.23 kg m-3。有机地膜的有机碳含量(8.8 g kg kg-1)、有效氮含量(341.8 kg hm -1)、磷含量(9.5 kg hm -1)和钾含量(100.6 kg hm -1)均较高。黑聚乙烯处理的产量性状和果实产量最高，为38.3t ha-1，其次是覆盖达因茶(36.5 t ha-1)和频繁刈割(35.6 t ha-1)。土壤覆盖和农民实践的产量显著低于其他处理。
{"title":"Effect of mulch types on soil moisture, soil fertility, growth and yield of pineapple (Ananas comosus) in hill zone of Assam","authors":"N. Kalita","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10181","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out in Hill Zone of Assam from 2017 to 2019 with the objective of identifying mulch types on soil moisture retention, soil physical and chemical properties, growth and yield of pineapple (Ananas comosus) grown in hill slopes under farmers’ field condition. The treatments consisting of mulching with black polythene, dhaincha (Sesbania aquleata) as mulch, frequent slashing of weeds, soil mulching (soil mounding) and farmers practice without any mulch as control were evaluated in a randomized block design. Soil moisture content at 0-30cm depth was significantly different among the mulching methods and highest value of 14.2% at 0-30cm depth at harvesting was recorded in black polythene followed by slashing of weeds (13.1) and minimum in farmers practice. Soil texture was not affected by various mulches but there was a decline in bulk density with mulching and minimum value of 1.23 kg m-3 was recorded under slashing of weeds. Higher organic carbon (8.8 g kg-1), available nitrogen (341.8 kg ha-1), phosphorus (9.5 kg ha-1) and potassium (100.6 kg ha-1) were recorded in organic mulches i.e. slashing of weeds and dhaincha. The highest yield attributing characters and fruit yield of 38.3t ha-1 was recorded in the black polythene treatment followed by dhaincha as mulch (36.5 t ha-1) and frequent slashing of weed (35.6 t ha-1). Soil mulching and farmers practice recorded significantly lower yield than other treatments.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87271885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10195
Kashif Shah
A field experiment was conducted during the kharif seasons of 2015-18 on same site at NAU, Navsari, to study the effect of foliar spray of potassium silicate on growth, yield and economics of paddy (Oryza sativa). Seven treatments were tested in complete randomize design with four replication. The foliar spray of 1.0 % potassium silicate at tillering, panicle initiation and grain formation stage recorded significantly superior panicle length (24.0), panicle weight (5.86 g), number of grain panicle (154.4), weight of grain panicle-1 (5.09 g), grain (4713 kg ha-1) and straw (6475 kg ha-1) yield as well as gross and net return over control. The lowest value of growth, yield attributes, yield and net return were recorded under control. The remarkably lowest stem borer infestation (1.37%), lodging percentage (0.85%) and sheath mite infestation (2.40%) were also found under the foliar spray of 1.5 % potassium silicate at tillering, panicle initiation and grain formation stage over control.
为研究水玻璃喷施对水稻生长、产量和经济效益的影响，于2015-18年秋收季节在纳夫萨里国立农业大学同一地点进行了田间试验。7个处理采用完全随机设计，4个重复。在分蘖期、穗萌发期和籽粒形成期喷施1.0%硅酸钾，穗长(24.0)、穗重(5.86 g)、穗数(154.4)、穗重(5.09 g)、籽粒产量(4713 kg hm -1)和秸秆产量(6475 kg hm -1)以及总收益和净收益均显著高于对照。在控制下记录生长量、产量属性、产量和净收益的最低值。分蘖期、穗萌发期和籽粒形成期喷施1.5%硅酸钾，茎螟虫侵染率(1.37%)、倒伏率(0.85%)和鞘螨侵染率(2.40%)均显著低于对照。
{"title":"Effect of foliar spray of potassium silicate on growth and yield of paddy (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Kashif Shah","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10195","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during the kharif seasons of 2015-18 on same site at NAU, Navsari, to study the effect of foliar spray of potassium silicate on growth, yield and economics of paddy (Oryza sativa). Seven treatments were tested in complete randomize design with four replication. The foliar spray of 1.0 % potassium silicate at tillering, panicle initiation and grain formation stage recorded significantly superior panicle length (24.0), panicle weight (5.86 g), number of grain panicle (154.4), weight of grain panicle-1 (5.09 g), grain (4713 kg ha-1) and straw (6475 kg ha-1) yield as well as gross and net return over control. The lowest value of growth, yield attributes, yield and net return were recorded under control. The remarkably lowest stem borer infestation (1.37%), lodging percentage (0.85%) and sheath mite infestation (2.40%) were also found under the foliar spray of 1.5 % potassium silicate at tillering, panicle initiation and grain formation stage over control.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80999375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10201
Sewak Ram
Watershed prioritization based on land use and land cover demonstrated the role of different features on possibilities of soil erosion. Sub-watershed prioritization is more crucial to restrict the soil erosion as well as loss of nutrients from the top soil. The study assigned the weight to various LULC features based on their role in soil erosion. Finally with the help of Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), LULC-based prioritization index has been constructed and prioritized the seven sub-watersheds.Highest acreage of agricultural fallow land and barren scrubland with less amount of forest coverage in WS5 turns into more susceptible category compared to others, whereas lower acreage of barren scrubland, agricultural fallow land and cropland with higher coverage of forest in WS6 turns into lower susceptible category.
基于土地利用和土地覆盖的流域优先排序显示了不同特征对土壤侵蚀可能性的作用。分流域优先排序对于限制土壤侵蚀和表层土壤养分流失更为重要。该研究根据土壤侵蚀的不同特征分配了不同的权重。最后，利用TOPSIS (Similarity of Preference Order of Ideal Solution)技术，构建了基于lulc的流域优先排序指标，并对7个子流域进行了优先排序。WS5中面积最大的农业闲耕地和森林覆盖率较低的贫瘠灌丛地较易受影响，而WS6中面积较小的贫瘠灌丛地、农业闲耕地和森林覆盖率较高的农田较易受影响。
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Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.47815/apsr.2021.10182
Present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of long-term fertilizers application on substrate induced soil respiration (SIR), their resistance and resilience against heat stress (48°C for 24 h) of an acidic soil under sub-humid climate. To achieve this, soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected from five treatments viz. control, 100% NP (NP), 100%NPK (NPK), 100% NPK+FYM (NPKF) and 100% NPK + lime (NPKL) from long-term fertilizer experiment (LTFE), Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi (since 1971) at pod formation stage of soybean crop (2018).Resistance and resilience capacity of soil SIR being analyzed at 1 and 30 days after heat stress (DAS). Results revealed that, SIR was significantly affected by long-term fertilization and heat stress. Balanced fertilization along with lime application (NPKL) had significantly higher SIR rate (10.78 mg CO2 g/soil/ h) followed NPKF, NPK, control and NP treatments. After 1 DAS, the SIR increased at 24 hour of substrate addition. However, during the 24-48 hours, the SIR value decreased significantly and maximum reduction was noticed under control treatments (47%). Cumulative SIR decreased significantly after heat stress, maximum reduction being in NPKL and NPKF treatments, whereas minimum under control. NPKF = NPKL treatments recorded highest resistance (0.86) followed by NP (0.82) > NPK (0.79) > control (0.61).Resilience index of NPKL (0.52) and NPKF (0.50) were highest and superior over other treatments. In nutshell, SIR emerged as a good indicator to asses’resistance, resilience capacity of soil against heat stress.
{"title":"Abiotic stress affects resistance and resilience capacity of soil respiration under long-term manuring and fertilization in an Alfisol","authors":"","doi":"10.47815/apsr.2021.10182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10182","url":null,"abstract":"Present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of long-term fertilizers application on substrate induced soil respiration (SIR), their resistance and resilience against heat stress (48°C for 24 h) of an acidic soil under sub-humid climate. To achieve this, soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected from five treatments viz. control, 100% NP (NP), 100%NPK (NPK), 100% NPK+FYM (NPKF) and 100% NPK + lime (NPKL) from long-term fertilizer experiment (LTFE), Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi (since 1971) at pod formation stage of soybean crop (2018).Resistance and resilience capacity of soil SIR being analyzed at 1 and 30 days after heat stress (DAS). Results revealed that, SIR was significantly affected by long-term fertilization and heat stress. Balanced fertilization along with lime application (NPKL) had significantly higher SIR rate (10.78 mg CO2 g/soil/ h) followed NPKF, NPK, control and NP treatments. After 1 DAS, the SIR increased at 24 hour of substrate addition. However, during the 24-48 hours, the SIR value decreased significantly and maximum reduction was noticed under control treatments (47%). Cumulative SIR decreased significantly after heat stress, maximum reduction being in NPKL and NPKF treatments, whereas minimum under control. NPKF = NPKL treatments recorded highest resistance (0.86) followed by NP (0.82) > NPK (0.79) > control (0.61).Resilience index of NPKL (0.52) and NPKF (0.50) were highest and superior over other treatments. In nutshell, SIR emerged as a good indicator to asses’resistance, resilience capacity of soil against heat stress.","PeriodicalId":8031,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Plant and Soil Research","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74116426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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