Applied Geochemistry最新文献_第3页

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater impacted by acid mine drainage: Seasonal evolution of dissolved organic matter and heavy metals 酸性矿井排水对地下水的水文地球化学特征：溶解有机质和重金属的季节演化

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106724

Zehao Qiu , Yu Liu , Xianming Xie , Song Wang , Lezhang Wei , Tangfu Xiao , Oxana Erina

Acid mine drainage (AMD) that occurs during the mining process of mineral resources presents a significant threat to both the natural environment and human health. This study focuses on the AMD-affected groundwater system from the Dabaoshan mining area in Guangdong Province, South China, and the hydrogeochemical evolution, seasonal variations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and heavy metals, and the corresponding interaction mechanism are systematically investigated. A variety of methods are used for further study, including hotspot maps, principal component analysis, self-organizing maps and structural equation models. There exists a spatial and temporal coupling relationship between Fe and certain DOM components. With the exception of one well (G1), pH increased from the rainy to dry seasons at all sampling sites. The proportions of various fractions of DOM demonstrated considerable variation between the rainy and dry seasons. During the rainy season, the concentration of high-excitation tyrosine in groundwater is very low. Tryptophan-like compounds were not identified in DOM during the dry season. Fulvic acid and low excitation tyrosine were strongly correlated, whereas tryptophan-like and high excitation tyrosine were significantly related. The heavy metal content and pH varied according to the distribution of sampling site wells (distance from the mine). Moreover, DOM has a significant effect on heavy metal mobility via complexation. Seasonal factors significantly influence DOM in groundwater, thus affecting its interaction with heavy metals. This research offers a scientific basis for developing accurate and impactful strategies for pollution prevention and control for groundwater systems impacted by AMD.

矿产资源开采过程中产生的酸性矿山水对自然环境和人类健康都构成了重大威胁。以广东省大宝山矿区受amd影响的地下水系统为研究对象，系统探讨了该地下水系统的水文地球化学演化、溶解有机质（DOM）和重金属的季节变化及其相互作用机制。采用热点图、主成分分析、自组织图和结构方程模型等多种方法进行进一步研究。Fe与某些DOM组件之间存在着时空耦合关系。除1口井（G1）外，各样点pH值均随雨季至旱季呈上升趋势。DOM各组分的比例在雨季和旱季之间表现出较大的差异。在雨季，地下水中高激发酪氨酸的浓度很低。旱季DOM中未发现色氨酸样化合物。黄腐酸与低激发酪氨酸呈强相关，而类色氨酸与高激发酪氨酸呈显著相关。重金属含量和pH值随采样点井的分布（离矿井的距离）而变化。此外，DOM通过络合作用对重金属迁移有显著影响。季节性因素显著影响地下水中DOM，从而影响其与重金属的相互作用。本研究为制定准确有效的地下水污染防治策略提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Groundwater age distribution in granular and fractured aquifers of the Laurentides region, Eastern Canada, to evaluate the resource sustainability 加拿大东部Laurentides地区颗粒状和裂缝状含水层的地下水年龄分布，以评估资源的可持续性

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106706

Samuel Bolduc , Daniele L. Pinti , Marie Larocque , Olfa Swaissi

Groundwater ages cannot be considered precise metrics for directly evaluating the sustainability of water resources. However, determining the age distribution enhances understanding of the entire hydrogeological system and, indirectly, contributes to the assessment of sustainability. The objective of this research was to evaluate how a combination of age tracers can contribute to estimating groundwater age distribution in large and complex aquifer systems. The system consists of fractured Grenvillian-age (≥ 1 Ga) aquifers, locally covered by granular postglacial Holocene aquifers in valley bottoms of the mountainous and hilly Laurentides region of southern Québec Province (Eastern Canada). The age tracers used in this study, ¹⁴C, ³H/³He, and U–Th/⁴He were measured on groundwater samples collected from 32 municipal wells and one piezometer, from five watersheds. As expected, mixed idealized ages were obtained. The ³H/³He ages varied from modern to 64 years. The ¹⁴C-corrected ages generally ranged from “modern” to 6500 years old. The U–Th/⁴He-computed ages were close to the ¹⁴C ages but were strongly dependent on local aquifer conditions, primarily on U and Th contents and porosity. Three “activity indexes” – A⁴He, A³H, and A¹⁴C representing groundwater aging recorded a common temporal evolution of groundwater, with increasing ages from the southernmost, more populated areas to the less populated areas in the northern portion of the study area. Lumped parameter models applied to ³H–¹⁴C and to radiogenic ⁴He–¹⁴C showed that the aquifers contain a mixture of “modern” and “pre-industrial” water (200–14,000 yrs), and possibly Late Pleistocene water (10–30 ka) in some confined areas. This research advances the understanding of regional hydrogeology, providing insights into how North America's glacial history has influenced the mixing of groundwater volumes of different ages, thereby affecting groundwater sustainability differently in a complex aquifer system.

地下水年龄不能被认为是直接评价水资源可持续性的精确指标。然而，确定年龄分布增强了对整个水文地质系统的了解，并间接有助于可持续性的评估。本研究的目的是评估年龄示踪剂的组合如何有助于估计大型复杂含水层系统中的地下水年龄分布。该系统由破碎的grenvillian时代（≥1 Ga）含水层组成，在加拿大东部qu省南部Laurentides地区的山地和丘陵山谷底部，局部被颗粒状的冰期后全新世含水层覆盖。本研究中使用的年龄示踪剂14C、3H/3He和U-Th /4He在五个流域的32口市政井和一个气压计中采集的地下水样本上进行了测量。正如预期的那样，得到了混合的理想年龄。3H/3He年龄从现代到64岁不等。经14c校正的年龄一般在“现代”到6500年之间。U - Th/ 4he计算年龄接近14C年龄，但与当地含水层条件密切相关，主要受U、Th含量和孔隙度的影响。代表地下水年龄的A4He、A3H和A14C三个“活度指数”记录了地下水的共同时间演化，从研究区最南端人口多的地区到北部人口少的地区，年龄逐渐增加。应用于3H-14C和放射性成因4He-14C的集总参数模型表明，含水层含有“现代”和“前工业”水（200 - 14000年）的混合物，在一些封闭区域可能含有晚更新世水（10 - 30ka）。这项研究促进了对区域水文地质学的理解，为了解北美冰川历史如何影响不同年龄地下水的混合，从而在复杂的含水层系统中不同地影响地下水的可持续性提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Isotopic tracing of mercury sources, subsurface migration, and re-emission in industrial legacy sites 工业遗产地汞源、地下迁移和再排放的同位素示踪

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106714

Xin Gao , Yuchen An , Yang Wang , Xingmei Liu , Min Liu , Jiubin Chen , Hongming Cai , Wang Zheng

Industrial legacy sites, even after ceasing operations, often suffer from severe heavy metal contamination in soils. These residual pollutants can pose significant threats to the surrounding environment. However, tracing the sources, migration pathways of heavy metals from such sites, and their impacts on adjacent environments remains a major challenge. The present study focuses on historical mercury (Hg) contamination at two decommissioned industrial sites (an e-waste dismantling site and a pyrite smelting site), and employed Hg isotope analysis to investigate the sources, pollution pathways, subsurface migration in soils, and uptake of Hg by leafy vegetables. Topsoils at both sites showed substantially elevated Hg concentrations (2.5–32.1 mg kg⁻¹), primarily derived from direct waste discharges during production. At the e-waste dismantling site, direct Hg emission from industrial waste gas was the primary contributor to adjacent soil contamination, while gaseous elemental Hg re-emitted from legacy-contaminated soils served as the dominant Hg source for nearby vegetables. Soil organic matter was identified as the key factor driving subsurface Hg accumulation at this site. In contrast, the pyrite smelting site exhibited a different contamination mechanism: acidic wastewater leaching altered soil pH, and under low pH conditions, strongly bound Hg was remobilized, leading to Hg pollution in deeper soil layers (down to ∼500 cm depth). These findings reveal distinct environmental risks from direct emission and legacy Hg re-emission across different types of abandoned industrial sites, highlighting the need for site-specific management and remediation strategies to mitigate soil and agricultural Hg contamination.

工业遗产地即使停止生产，土壤也经常受到严重的重金属污染。这些残留污染物会对周围环境造成严重威胁。然而，追踪这些场地重金属的来源、迁移途径及其对邻近环境的影响仍然是一个重大挑战。本研究以两个退役工业基地（一个电子垃圾拆解场和一个黄铁矿冶炼场）的历史汞（Hg）污染为研究对象，采用汞同位素分析研究了汞的来源、污染途径、土壤中的地下迁移以及叶类蔬菜对汞的吸收。两个地点的表层土壤汞浓度均显著升高（2.5-32.1 mg kg - 1），主要来自生产过程中直接排放的废物。在电子垃圾拆解场，工业废气直接排放的汞是附近土壤污染的主要来源，而遗留污染土壤再排放的气态元素汞是附近蔬菜的主要汞来源。土壤有机质是影响地下汞积累的关键因素。相比之下，黄铁矿冶炼现场表现出不同的污染机制：酸性废水浸出改变了土壤pH值，在低pH条件下，强结合的汞被再活化，导致更深土层（深至500 cm）的汞污染。这些研究结果揭示了不同类型废弃工业用地直接排放和遗留汞再排放带来的不同环境风险，强调了针对特定场地的管理和修复策略的必要性，以减轻土壤和农业汞污染。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrochemical evolution and response mechanisms in multiple aquifers affected by coal mining activities: Insights from machine learning and inverse geochemical modeling 受煤矿开采影响的多含水层水化学演化与响应机制：来自机器学习和逆地球化学建模的见解

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106683

Chang Lu , Huiyong Yin , Wenju Cheng , Fangying Dong , Weijie Zhang , Biao Li , Yankun Jia

Extensive coal mining has significantly altered hydrogeological systems by enhancing aquifer connectivity and changing groundwater chemistry, which poses environmental and health risks. Traditional hydrochemical methods often fail to fully capture these mining-induced impacts. To better capture mining impacts, 127 groundwater samples from three aquifers were analyzed using hydrochemical techniques and clustering algorithms including SOM and K-Means. The results show that ion exchange, carbonate and silicate dissolution, and water–rock interactions drive groundwater evolution under mining disturbances. Major ions such as Na⁺, HCO₃⁻, and SO₄²⁻ display clear spatial variation and enrichment patterns. Clustering divided the samples into seven hydrochemical types, reflecting differences in aquifer connectivity and geochemical processes. PHREEQC inverse modeling further quantified mineral transformations, confirming the combined roles of pyrite oxidation, carbonate dissolution, and cation exchange. Mining-enhanced hydraulic connections between the Sandstone and 3# Limestone aquifers led to similar hydrochemical features, while the deeper Ordovician aquifer maintained distinct signatures due to limited disturbance. These results support a conceptual model of “mining disturbance–fracture connectivity–hydraulic linkage–hydrochemical evolution,” providing a scientific basis for mitigating acid mine drainage and advancing sustainable groundwater and mineral resource management in mining regions.

广泛的煤炭开采通过增强含水层连通性和改变地下水化学，极大地改变了水文地质系统，这带来了环境和健康风险。传统的水化学方法往往不能完全捕捉这些采矿引起的影响。为了更好地捕捉采矿影响，使用水化学技术和聚类算法（包括SOM和K-Means）对来自三个含水层的127个地下水样本进行了分析。结果表明，在采矿扰动下，离子交换、碳酸盐和硅酸盐溶解以及水岩相互作用驱动地下水演化。Na+、HCO3−和SO42−等主要离子表现出明显的空间变化和富集规律。聚类将样品分为7种水化学类型，反映了含水层连通性和地球化学过程的差异。PHREEQC逆向建模进一步量化了矿物转化，确认了黄铁矿氧化、碳酸盐溶解和阳离子交换的综合作用。砂岩含水层与3#灰岩含水层之间的水力连接因开采而增强，导致水化学特征相似，而深层奥陶系含水层由于受到有限的干扰而保持了明显的特征。研究结果支持了“开采扰动-裂缝连通性-水力联动-水化学演化”的概念模型，为缓解矿山酸性排水、推进矿区地下水和矿产资源可持续管理提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

GeoChemNet: An interactive tool for visualizing and interpreting outliers in geochemical data using networks GeoChemNet：利用网络可视化和解释地球化学数据异常值的交互式工具

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106712

Timothy C.C. Lui , Anirudh Prabhu , Anna Bidgood , Shaunna M. Morrison , Jef Caers

In this paper we introduce GeoChemNet as a novel tool for visualizing and analyzing high-dimensional geochemical datasets. Unlike traditional approaches such as principal component analysis and pairplots, GeoChemNet uses a non-linear methodology that does not require predefined number of elements, allowing it to reveal highly multidimensional anomalies that are not elucidated using other methods. We demonstrate its advantages using an artificial dataset and compare its performance to conventional techniques. We then apply the tool to two case studies from the same region. The first illustrates how GeoChemNet can work synergistically with clustering algorithms to uncover structure within lithological units. The second demonstrates its utility as a standalone tool for reducing the search space in mineral exploration of sediment-hosted copper deposits. Ultimately, GeoChemNet's interactive, geospatial visualizations enhance communication between geoscientists and data scientists and uncover geological insights from geochemical datasets.

本文介绍了GeoChemNet作为一种可视化和分析高维地球化学数据集的新工具。与主成分分析和配对图等传统方法不同，GeoChemNet使用非线性方法，不需要预定义的元素数量，从而可以揭示其他方法无法阐明的高度多维异常。我们使用人工数据集展示了它的优势，并将其性能与传统技术进行了比较。然后，我们将该工具应用于来自同一地区的两个案例研究。第一个例子说明了GeoChemNet如何与聚类算法协同工作，以揭示岩性单元内的结构。第二个例子证明了它作为一个独立工具的实用性，可以减少沉积型铜矿的矿产勘探搜索空间。最终，GeoChemNet的交互式地理空间可视化增强了地球科学家和数据科学家之间的沟通，并从地球化学数据集中揭示地质见解。

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引用次数: 0

Geochemistry of molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), and tungsten (W) in Swedish rivers and headwater streams 瑞典河流和水源中钼（Mo）、钒(V)和钨(W)的地球化学特征

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106708

Sarah Conrad , Lina P.B. Hällström , Susanne Bauer , Johan Ingri

Understanding the cycling of critical oxyanion-forming trace metals is essential, considering their growing use in green technologies and their potential environmental risks. We investigated the source, transport, and fate of vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W) across hemiboreal and boreal landscapes in Sweden, spanning 97 hemiboreal headwater streams, one boreal headwater stream, and two unregulated boreal rivers. Spatial and temporal variability was pronounced. V occurred at the highest concentrations, with hemiboreal headwaters averaging ∼78 μg/L compared to ∼8 μg/L for Mo and ∼0.2 μg/L for W. These concentrations exceeded those in boreal headwaters and rivers by factors of up to 300, reflecting enhanced weathering under milder hemiboreal conditions. Partitioning differed strongly among elements: Mo was predominantly dissolved, W occurred in both dissolved and particulate fractions, and V shifted from dominantly dissolved in hemiboreal streams to nearly equal distribution in boreal waters. Seasonal dynamics were most pronounced during spring snowmelt, when hydrological flushing and hyporheic exchange mobilized solutes from riparian soils and porewaters. Element-carrier relationships highlighted strong associations of V and W with Fe- and Al-rich phases, and Mo with organic matter, Si, and U, particularly at river mouths. Redox transitions in wetlands and hyporheic zones further mediated mobility, promoting V release and W transport while retaining Mo under reducing conditions.

Our findings demonstrate that hydrology, redox dynamics, and landscape type jointly regulate the mobility and fate of V, Mo, and W from source to sea. The distinct behaviours of these elements highlight headwater streams as critical biogeochemical control points and underscore the need to integrate colloidal, redox, and hydrological processes into monitoring and modelling frameworks. These insights have implications for evaluating ecological risks and for critical raw material (CRM) exploration in northern landscapes under a changing climate.

考虑到临界氧阴离子形成微量金属在绿色技术中的日益广泛应用及其潜在的环境风险，了解其循环是至关重要的。本文研究了瑞典半北方和北方景观中钒(V)、钼（Mo）和钨(W)的来源、运输和命运，涵盖了97条半北方源溪、一条北方源溪和两条不受管制的北方河流。空间和时间的变化是明显的。V的浓度最高，半北方源区平均为~ 78 μg/L， Mo为~ 8 μg/L， w为~ 0.2 μg/L。这些浓度超过北方源区和河流的浓度高达300倍，反映了在较温和的半北方条件下，风化作用增强。元素之间的分配差异很大：Mo以溶解态为主，W以溶解态和颗粒态同时存在，V从半北方河流中的溶解态为主转变为在北方水域中几乎均匀分布。季节动态在春季融雪期间最为明显，此时水文冲刷和潜流交换调动了河岸土壤和孔隙水中的溶质。元素载体关系突出了V和W与富铁和富铝相的强烈关联，Mo与有机质、Si和U的强烈关联，尤其是在河口。湿地和低氧带的氧化还原转变进一步介导了迁移，促进了V的释放和W的运输，同时在还原条件下保留了Mo。我们的研究结果表明，水文、氧化还原动力学和景观类型共同调节V、Mo和W从源头到海洋的迁移和命运。这些元素的独特行为突出了源头流作为关键的生物地球化学控制点，并强调了将胶体、氧化还原和水文过程整合到监测和建模框架中的必要性。这些见解对气候变化下北部景观的生态风险评估和关键原材料（CRM）勘探具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Estimation of thermodynamic properties for kerogen present in Boom Clay Boom Clay中干酪根热力学性质的估计

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2025.106652

Laurent Richard , Sonia Salah, Delphine Durce, Norbert Maes

In Belgium, Boom Clay (BC) represents one of the potential host rocks considered for the disposal of high-level and/or long-lived radioactive waste. The latter corresponds to heat generating waste which during disposal and the thermal phase may affect the rock properties and porewater chemistry. In this respect, it has been shown by different authors that perturbations, such as oxidation and/or thermal stress may lead to the degradation of the organic matter, i.e. kerogen comprised in BC. Although many studies on the solid and also on the dissolved OM pools of Boom Clay have been performed in the past, a thermodynamic description of the Boom Clay kerogen (BCK) and its degradation (products) is still lacking. BCK subjected to oxidation or thermal stress may generate thermolabile components and lead to the release of oxygen-containing polar products, like carboxylic acids and phenols which may affect the transport behavior of some radionuclides and chemotoxic elements due to complexation. In addition to water-soluble compounds also CO₂ is formed by the thermal cracking of kerogen. Based on spectroscopic methods and pyrolysis experiments previously performed on isolated BCK, the organic compounds constituting its macromolecular structure (i.e. n-alkanes, branched alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygen compounds) were identified. The latter and application of the so-called group contribution approach allowed to estimate the thermodynamic standard state properties of BCK at 25 °C and 1 bar. The derived thermodynamic properties enable to formalize the geochemical reactions described above, as well as calculation of stability relations for different kerogen compositions under physicochemical conditions of the BC formation.

在比利时，Boom Clay （BC）代表了一种潜在的寄主岩石，可以用来处理高放射性和/或长寿命的放射性废物。后者对应的是产热废物，在处理过程中和热相可能影响岩石性质和孔隙水化学。在这方面，不同的作者已经表明，扰动，如氧化和/或热应力可能导致有机物的降解，即BC中包含的干酪根。虽然过去对Boom Clay的固体和溶解OM池进行了许多研究，但对Boom Clay干酪根（BCK）及其降解（产物）的热力学描述仍然缺乏。BCK在氧化或热应力作用下可能产生热不稳定性成分，并导致含氧极性产物的释放，如羧酸和酚类，这些产物可能由于络合作用而影响某些放射性核素和化学毒性元素的转运行为。除水溶性化合物外，干酪根的热裂解也可形成二氧化碳。基于对分离的BCK进行的光谱方法和热解实验，鉴定了构成其大分子结构的有机化合物（即正构烷烃、支链烷烃、芳烃和含氧化合物）。后者和所谓的基团贡献法的应用允许估计BCK在25°C和1bar下的热力学标准态性质。推导出的热力学性质使上述地球化学反应形式化，并计算了BC地层物理化学条件下不同干酪根组成的稳定性关系。

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引用次数: 0

Sulfide mineral weathering in century-old waste rock 百年老废岩中的硫化物矿物风化

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106697

Andrew Hicks, Colleen O. Harper, Richard T. Amos

The weathering of sulfide minerals in mining waste-rock piles can release acidity and metals to the environment, potentially for many decades. Although the extent and mechanisms of weathering have been investigated in several studies, most have been done on relatively young waste rock and there is a lack of information on the long-term weathering in these systems. The Ore Chimney site is an abandoned prospecting property with a ∼10 kiloton waste-rock pile that has been in place for ∼100 years. This study provides a detailed mineralogical investigation of waste-rock samples from three vertical profiles obtained in trenches dug through the 5-m depth of the pile. Analysis included optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometry, powdered X-ray diffraction, total carbon and sulfur analysis, and solid-phase digestions followed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission and mass spectrometry on both fine (<0.5 mm) and coarse (0.5–2 mm) fractions of sieved waste rock. The results show relatively uniform weathering throughout the waste-rock pile, and in the coarse and fine waste-rock fractions, with preferential weathering of sulfide minerals in the order sphalerite > galena > pyrite > chalcopyrite. Most sphalerite grains showed 10–30 % weathering of the exposed mineral surfaces, while the other sulfides showed no weathering in many of the grains. This study shows that despite ∼100 years of sub-aerial exposure, sulfide weathering continues, with preferential weathering of sphalerite limiting the oxidation of the other sulfide minerals and the release of acidity, while preserving the buffering capacity of carbonate minerals.

采矿废石堆中硫化物矿物的风化作用可以向环境释放酸度和金属，这种释放可能持续几十年。虽然一些研究已经对风化的程度和机制进行了调查，但大多数研究都是在相对年轻的废岩上进行的，并且缺乏这些系统中长期风化的信息。“矿烟囱”矿区是一个废弃的勘探区，这里有∼100年的∼1万吨级的废石堆。这项研究提供了一个详细的矿物学调查，从三个垂直剖面中获得的废石样本，挖掘穿过5米深的桩。分析方法包括光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散x射线光谱、粉末x射线衍射、总碳和硫分析，以及对筛选后的废石的细（<0.5 mm）和粗（0.5 - 2 mm）组分进行固相消化和电感耦合等离子体原子发射和质谱分析。结果表明：在整个废岩堆中，粗粒和细粒废岩组分中，风化作用相对均匀，硫化物矿物优先风化，顺序为闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿。大多数闪锌矿颗粒在暴露的矿物表面表现出10 ~ 30%的风化作用，而其他硫化物在许多颗粒中没有风化作用。该研究表明，尽管暴露在地下约100年，硫化物风化仍在继续，闪锌矿的优先风化限制了其他硫化物矿物的氧化和酸度的释放，同时保留了碳酸盐矿物的缓冲能力。

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引用次数: 0

Nitrate aerosol and dust pollution evidence from a non-central-heating county in China 中国一个非集中供暖县的硝酸盐气溶胶和粉尘污染证据

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2025.106675

Mingya Wang , Wenju Wang , Mingshi Wang , Xuechun Zhang , Baoxian Jia

As urbanization in China has shifted from major cities to surrounding counties, the study of PM_2.5 in these areas has gained significant attention. However, the pollution characteristics and sources of winter PM_2.5 in noncoal-heating counties in China remain unclear. In this study, PM_2.5 samples were collected from both urban and suburban functional areas in Xixian County, China. The mean PM_2.5 concentrations at the Xizhou Hotel (urban) and Primary School (suburban) sites were 81.4 ± 28.2 and 97.1 ± 35.7 μg/m³, respectively, with higher concentrations observed at the suburban site than at the mixed commercial and residential site. Two distinct haze types were identified: the first, dominated by Ca and Al, was primarily caused by windblown dust, including construction dust and soil dust from abandoned farmlands. The second, dominated by NO₃⁻, SO₄²⁻, and NH₄⁺, resulted from the secondary oxidation of primary gaseous precursors. Secondary pollutants (53.0 %) and vehicular traffic (24.9 %) were the major contributors. This study provides valuable data on the chemical characteristics and sources of winter haze in noncoal heating counties, providing a scientific basis for global PM_2.5 control strategies.

随着中国的城市化从主要城市向周边县转移，对这些地区PM2.5的研究受到了极大的关注。然而，中国非煤供热县冬季PM2.5的污染特征和来源尚不清楚。在本研究中，PM2.5样本分别来自中国西县的城市和郊区功能区。喜洲宾馆（市区）和小学（郊区）的PM2.5平均浓度分别为81.4±28.2和97.1±35.7 μg/m3，郊区站点的PM2.5浓度高于商住混合站点。发现了两种不同的雾霾类型：第一种以Ca和Al为主，主要由风吹粉尘引起，包括建筑粉尘和废弃农田的土壤粉尘。第二种是由原生气体前驱体的二次氧化产生的，以NO3−、SO42−和NH4+为主。二次污染物（53.0%）和机动车污染（24.9%）是主要污染源。本研究为非煤供热县冬季雾霾的化学特征和来源提供了有价值的数据，为全球PM2.5控制策略提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

A common ontology for stable isotope data 稳定同位素数据的通用本体

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Applied Geochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106682

Nina Welti , Steph Hawkins , Kathryn Waltenberg , Cath Hughes , Jagoda Crawford , Yanfeng Shu , Regina Campbell , Alex Leslie , Athina Puccini , Christoph Gerber , Axel Suckow , Geoff Fraser , Lian Flick

Stable isotope data has broad applicability across multiple science domains. As more datasets are published and stable isotope data systems are built, the findability and accessibility of stable isotope data increases. However, due to a lack of a common reporting framework, the interoperability of these data systems is limited. A common ontology is needed so stable isotope data systems and published datasets can be translated into a common format without disrupting existing data models or introducing complex workflows. This common ontology for stable isotope data and associated metadata offers a methodology to achieve cross-domain interoperability of environmental stable isotope data. It functions as a straightforward data stewardship tool to enhance the findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reuse (FAIR principles) of stable isotope data across disciplines. Ultimately, this ontology aims to make existing data systems cohesive, interoperable, and discoverable across the entire measurement pipeline, encompassing publicly accessible repositories, peer-reviewed literature, and grey literature.

稳定同位素数据在多个科学领域具有广泛的适用性。随着越来越多的数据集的发布和稳定同位素数据系统的建立，稳定同位素数据的可寻性和可及性不断提高。然而，由于缺乏通用的报告框架，这些数据系统的互操作性受到限制。需要一个共同的本体，这样稳定的同位素数据系统和已发布的数据集就可以转换成一个共同的格式，而不会破坏现有的数据模型或引入复杂的工作流程。这种稳定同位素数据和相关元数据的通用本体为实现环境稳定同位素数据的跨域互操作性提供了一种方法。它的功能是作为一个简单的数据管理工具，以增强跨学科稳定同位素数据的可查找性、可访问性、互操作性和重用（FAIR原则）。最终，该本体旨在使现有的数据系统在整个度量管道中具有内聚性、互操作性和可发现性，包括可公开访问的存储库、同行评审的文献和灰色文献。

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