The declining sturgeon population has prompted increased efforts for protection and recovery, resulting in its listing on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species. Conservation and restoration efforts for sturgeon populations are vital within the context of aquaculture. The substantial growth of knowledge in this field between 1970 and 2022 underscores the need for a comprehensive bibliographic review. This review aims to categorize and optimize existing research to advance the sustainable development of sturgeon populations. Using bibliometric indicators and tools such as VOSviewer, R, Maxqda, and Publish or Perish, this study examined 1,118 peer-reviewed articles collected from the Scopus database. The review provides an overview of studies on sturgeon conservation and sustainable development. Our analysis suggests that future research should focus on six key factors: environmental impacts, management practices, genetic data, nutritional status, sturgeon characteristics, and the capabilities of sturgeon sperm. The results emphasize that the conservation of sturgeon is a multifaceted concept associated with changes in environmental conditions and human activities as well as sturgeon morphology, physiology, and genetics. This review aims to guide future research toward enhanced sturgeon protection by presenting the results of various analyses, identifying scientific and research gaps, and specifying research priorities.
{"title":"Tracking Scientific Gaps in the Conservation of Endangered Sturgeon: A Bibliometric Approach and Content Analyses","authors":"Sara Pourhosein-Sarameh, Bahram Falahatkar","doi":"10.1155/2024/4496931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4496931","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The declining sturgeon population has prompted increased efforts for protection and recovery, resulting in its listing on the <i>IUCN Red List of Endangered Species</i>. Conservation and restoration efforts for sturgeon populations are vital within the context of aquaculture. The substantial growth of knowledge in this field between 1970 and 2022 underscores the need for a comprehensive bibliographic review. This review aims to categorize and optimize existing research to advance the sustainable development of sturgeon populations. Using bibliometric indicators and tools such as <i>VOSviewer</i>, <i>R</i>, <i>Maxqda</i>, and Publish or Perish, this study examined 1,118 peer-reviewed articles collected from the Scopus database. The review provides an overview of studies on sturgeon conservation and sustainable development. Our analysis suggests that future research should focus on six key factors: environmental impacts, management practices, genetic data, nutritional status, sturgeon characteristics, and the capabilities of sturgeon sperm. The results emphasize that the conservation of sturgeon is a multifaceted concept associated with changes in environmental conditions and human activities as well as sturgeon morphology, physiology, and genetics. This review aims to guide future research toward enhanced sturgeon protection by presenting the results of various analyses, identifying scientific and research gaps, and specifying research priorities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/4496931","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Historically, European Union (EU27) member states have held sway over the administration of aquaculture sectors. However, challenges have arisen within this regulatory framework, particularly concerning the implementation of sustainable conservation measures across the EU27 region. In response to perceived regulatory shortcomings, alternative strategies like economic and community-based management have emerged. Thus, this study aims to investigate how global governance factors have influenced the growth of the aquaculture industry within the European Union (EU13) and European Union (EU14) from 1990 to 2023. To address endogeneity concerns, robust least squares, two-stage least squares (2SLS), and ordinary least squares estimators were employed, yielding significant findings. Notably, the impact analysis reveals that property rights, economic stability, private sector quality, and private interest are pivotal drivers of aquaculture industry growth in EU14 developed countries compared to their EU13 developing counterparts. Conversely, the novelty of the paper shows that economic growth, social development, and aquaculture industry advancement hold greater significance in EU13 developing countries relative to EU14 developed ones, as indicated by the estimators. Given these insights, policymakers in EU13 developing countries are urged to prioritize initiatives aimed at fortifying property rights, economic stability, and private interest. Conversely, policymakers in EU14 developed countries are encouraged to focus on fostering economic growth, enhancing public sector quality, and promoting social development in blue farming.
{"title":"Assessing Governability in Aquaculture Coastal Zones: New Insight from the International Level","authors":"Mohd Alsaleh","doi":"10.1155/2024/7197832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7197832","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Historically, European Union (EU27) member states have held sway over the administration of aquaculture sectors. However, challenges have arisen within this regulatory framework, particularly concerning the implementation of sustainable conservation measures across the EU27 region. In response to perceived regulatory shortcomings, alternative strategies like economic and community-based management have emerged. Thus, this study aims to investigate how global governance factors have influenced the growth of the aquaculture industry within the European Union (EU13) and European Union (EU14) from 1990 to 2023. To address endogeneity concerns, robust least squares, two-stage least squares (2SLS), and ordinary least squares estimators were employed, yielding significant findings. Notably, the impact analysis reveals that property rights, economic stability, private sector quality, and private interest are pivotal drivers of aquaculture industry growth in EU14 developed countries compared to their EU13 developing counterparts. Conversely, the novelty of the paper shows that economic growth, social development, and aquaculture industry advancement hold greater significance in EU13 developing countries relative to EU14 developed ones, as indicated by the estimators. Given these insights, policymakers in EU13 developing countries are urged to prioritize initiatives aimed at fortifying property rights, economic stability, and private interest. Conversely, policymakers in EU14 developed countries are encouraged to focus on fostering economic growth, enhancing public sector quality, and promoting social development in blue farming.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7197832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141315442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyobin Lee, J. Sook Chung, Jihye Yoon, Jung Yeol Park, Han Kyu Lim
The starry flounder Platichthys stellatus, an economically important benthic fish species widely distributed throughout the North Pacific Ocean, exhibits poor heat tolerance, resulting in frequent adult mass mortality in aquaculture settings. Heat stress disrupts the energy metabolism of P. stellatus, elevating blood glucose and implying its sensitivity to rising water temperatures. In particular, the survival of adult fish in aquaculture settings during the summer season is less than that of larvae or juveniles. This study aimed to understand the heat stress-associated survival of adults by focusing on the molecular pathways of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis using comparative transcriptome analysis. Transcriptomes were obtained by RNA sequencing of P. stellatus livers of adults exposed to 16 and 28°C, together with juveniles at the same conditions. A total of 16,121,503–18,774,222 raw paired-end reads were obtained after trimming. The assembled unigenes (39,489 out of 127,460) were annotated in the nr, Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Swiss-Prot databases. A total of 6,858 differentially expressed genes were found in juveniles and adults at control (16°C) and high (28°C) water temperatures. Juveniles and adults had 1,856 genes downregulated and 1,548 genes upregulated at the 16°C control water temperature and 1,055 genes downregulated and 1,231 genes upregulated at 28°C, overall involving at least 47 KEGG pathways. When raising the water temperature and comparing the DEGs of juveniles and adults, respectively, we found that both groups showed similar upregulation patterns for the major heat shock protein (HSP) genes under temperature-increasing conditions, indicating a conserved response mechanism. Additionally, both juvenile and adult fish showed similar upregulation of ER stress-related genes, including endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP (BiP) and homocysteine-responsive endoplasmic reticulum-resident ubiquitin-like domain member 1 (HERP), suggesting consistent transcriptional changes associated with ER stress under heat stress conditions. However, notable differences were observed in the expression of inflammation and immune response-related genes, and juvenile P. stellatus showed upregulation of immune costimulatory protein B7-H3 (B7H3) and immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 (IGSF9), while adults showed upregulation of high-affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma (FCER1G), V-type immunoglobulin domain-containing suppressor of T-cell activation (VSIR), and immunoglobulin superfamily DCC subclass member 3 (IGDCC3). Especially, phosphoglucomutase (PGM), glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6PC), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM), the enzymes involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, showed significan
{"title":"Understanding Heat-Associated Adult Platichthys stellatus Mortality: Differential Transcriptome Analysis of Juvenile and Adult Starry Flounder Liver under Heat Stress","authors":"Hyobin Lee, J. Sook Chung, Jihye Yoon, Jung Yeol Park, Han Kyu Lim","doi":"10.1155/2024/9980817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9980817","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The starry flounder <i>Platichthys stellatus</i>, an economically important benthic fish species widely distributed throughout the North Pacific Ocean, exhibits poor heat tolerance, resulting in frequent adult mass mortality in aquaculture settings. Heat stress disrupts the energy metabolism of <i>P. stellatus</i>, elevating blood glucose and implying its sensitivity to rising water temperatures. In particular, the survival of adult fish in aquaculture settings during the summer season is less than that of larvae or juveniles. This study aimed to understand the heat stress-associated survival of adults by focusing on the molecular pathways of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis using comparative transcriptome analysis. Transcriptomes were obtained by RNA sequencing of <i>P. stellatus</i> livers of adults exposed to 16 and 28°C, together with juveniles at the same conditions. A total of 16,121,503–18,774,222 raw paired-end reads were obtained after trimming. The assembled unigenes (39,489 out of 127,460) were annotated in the nr, Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Swiss-Prot databases. A total of 6,858 differentially expressed genes were found in juveniles and adults at control (16°C) and high (28°C) water temperatures. Juveniles and adults had 1,856 genes downregulated and 1,548 genes upregulated at the 16°C control water temperature and 1,055 genes downregulated and 1,231 genes upregulated at 28°C, overall involving at least 47 KEGG pathways. When raising the water temperature and comparing the DEGs of juveniles and adults, respectively, we found that both groups showed similar upregulation patterns for the major heat shock protein (<i>HSP</i>) genes under temperature-increasing conditions, indicating a conserved response mechanism. Additionally, both juvenile and adult fish showed similar upregulation of ER stress-related genes, including endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP (<i>BiP</i>) and homocysteine-responsive endoplasmic reticulum-resident ubiquitin-like domain member 1 (<i>HERP</i>), suggesting consistent transcriptional changes associated with ER stress under heat stress conditions. However, notable differences were observed in the expression of inflammation and immune response-related genes, and juvenile <i>P. stellatus</i> showed upregulation of immune costimulatory protein B7-H3 (<i>B7H3</i>) and immunoglobulin superfamily member 9 (<i>IGSF9</i>), while adults showed upregulation of high-affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma (<i>FCER1G</i>), V-type immunoglobulin domain-containing suppressor of T-cell activation (<i>VSIR</i>), and immunoglobulin superfamily DCC subclass member 3 (<i>IGDCC3</i>). Especially, phosphoglucomutase (<i>PGM</i>), glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (<i>G6PC</i>), phosphofructokinase (<i>PFK</i>), and bisphosphoglycerate mutase (<i>BPGM</i>), the enzymes involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, showed significan","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/9980817","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141298848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paolo Merella, Francisco Esteban Montero, Luca Parma, Lorenzo Morsiani, Roberto Cerri, Andrea Di Biase, Marta Polinas, Claudio Murgia, Elisabetta Antuofermo, Giovanni Garippa
The microcotylid Sparicotyle chrysophrii is one of the most harmful parasites for the aquaculture of the gilthead seabream Sparus aurata, for which effective treatments are needed. The efficacy of dietary praziquantel (PZQ, 30–50 mg kg body weight−1 day−1), emamectin benzoate (EMB, 0.015–0.050 mg kg BW−1 day−1), and fenbendazole (FBZ, 40–75 mg kg BW−1 day−1) against S. chrysophrii on gilthead seabream was tested in four different in vivo challenge trials. Specimens of gilthead seabream naturally infected with S. chrysophrii were maintained in three separate recirculating aquaculture systems of 142 L (1 control vs. 2 treated). Fish were fed (ration 1.2% BW day−1) 5 days a week for 4 weeks, alternating weeks with medicated and control feed. On days 0, 14, and 28, samples of 7–9 fish per group were collected and the gills were examined for S. chrysophrii. The gills of hosts treated with EMB and FBZ were evaluated by histopathology. The trials showed that in-feed PZQ has low palatability, causing rejection which did not allow its efficacy to be adequately investigated. While dietary EMB was associated with adverse effects, such as gill de-epithelialisation and necrosis, with no demonstrated efficacy against S. chrysophrii. On the other hand, all the fish treated with FBZ lost all parasites, showing 100% efficacy and also suggesting a preventive/repellent action against the monogenean. In conclusion, the present study provides indications for the use of dietary FBZ as a medical device for the treatment/prophylaxis of sparicotylosis in aquaculture.
{"title":"In Vivo Challenge Trials with Dietary Antiparasitics Reveal New Insights into the Practical Use of Fenbendazole against Sparicotyle chrysophrii (Monogenea) Infection in Sparus aurata (Teleostei)","authors":"Paolo Merella, Francisco Esteban Montero, Luca Parma, Lorenzo Morsiani, Roberto Cerri, Andrea Di Biase, Marta Polinas, Claudio Murgia, Elisabetta Antuofermo, Giovanni Garippa","doi":"10.1155/2024/5515748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5515748","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The microcotylid <i>Sparicotyle chrysophrii</i> is one of the most harmful parasites for the aquaculture of the gilthead seabream <i>Sparus aurata</i>, for which effective treatments are needed. The efficacy of dietary praziquantel (PZQ, 30–50 mg kg body weight<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>), emamectin benzoate (EMB, 0.015–0.050 mg kg BW<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>), and fenbendazole (FBZ, 40–75 mg kg BW<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>S. chrysophrii</i> on gilthead seabream was tested in four different <i>in vivo</i> challenge trials. Specimens of gilthead seabream naturally infected with <i>S. chrysophrii</i> were maintained in three separate recirculating aquaculture systems of 142 L (1 control vs. 2 treated). Fish were fed (ration 1.2% BW day<sup>−1</sup>) 5 days a week for 4 weeks, alternating weeks with medicated and control feed. On days 0, 14, and 28, samples of 7–9 fish per group were collected and the gills were examined for <i>S. chrysophrii</i>. The gills of hosts treated with EMB and FBZ were evaluated by histopathology. The trials showed that in-feed PZQ has low palatability, causing rejection which did not allow its efficacy to be adequately investigated. While dietary EMB was associated with adverse effects, such as gill de-epithelialisation and necrosis, with no demonstrated efficacy against <i>S. chrysophrii</i>. On the other hand, all the fish treated with FBZ lost all parasites, showing 100% efficacy and also suggesting a preventive/repellent action against the monogenean. In conclusion, the present study provides indications for the use of dietary FBZ as a medical device for the treatment/prophylaxis of sparicotylosis in aquaculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5515748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141264587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. M. Toufiq Hassan, Zannatul Ferdoushi, Md. Masud Rana, Md. Shahanur Alam
The current study reveals the concentration of heavy metals in sediment, water, and three fish species of the Korotoa River in Bangladesh. Two diverse seasons, namely wet (August–September 2021) and dry (January–February 2022) were chosen to compare the seasonal differences of five concerning heavy metals (Cr, Co, Pb, As, and Cd) adjacent to coal mining area using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Different physicochemical parameters of water quality along with the concentration of heavy metals varied significantly with the seasons. However, the average concentrations of the examined heavy metals followed the downward order of Cr > Pb > As > Co > Cd for both wet and dry seasons. The mean concentration of heavy metals in fish was found higher in Mastacembelus armatus compared with Labeo bata and Amblypharyngodon mola. The values of the researched heavy metals’ enrichment factors were reported in the following order: As > Co > Cr > Cd. The pollution load index (PLI) specified that the sediment of the river under study was not seriously contaminated (PLI <1). However, the content of heavy metals in the water was discovered to be much greater than the standards for safe drinking water limits and the preservation of freshwater aquatic life, demonstrating that the river water from this area is unsafe for use as drinking water or for cooking. However, the study suggests relevant authorities should take necessary action to stop further pollution in the study area.
{"title":"Assessing the Seasonal Variability of Water Quality and Heavy Metals Concentration in Sediment, Water, and Fish Muscles of Korotoa River in Bangladesh","authors":"K. M. Toufiq Hassan, Zannatul Ferdoushi, Md. Masud Rana, Md. Shahanur Alam","doi":"10.1155/2024/5343363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5343363","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The current study reveals the concentration of heavy metals in sediment, water, and three fish species of the Korotoa River in Bangladesh. Two diverse seasons, namely wet (August–September 2021) and dry (January–February 2022) were chosen to compare the seasonal differences of five concerning heavy metals (Cr, Co, Pb, As, and Cd) adjacent to coal mining area using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Different physicochemical parameters of water quality along with the concentration of heavy metals varied significantly with the seasons. However, the average concentrations of the examined heavy metals followed the downward order of Cr > Pb > As > Co > Cd for both wet and dry seasons. The mean concentration of heavy metals in fish was found higher in <i>Mastacembelus armatus</i> compared with <i>Labeo bata</i> and <i>Amblypharyngodon mola</i>. The values of the researched heavy metals’ enrichment factors were reported in the following order: As > Co > Cr > Cd. The pollution load index (PLI) specified that the sediment of the river under study was not seriously contaminated (PLI <1). However, the content of heavy metals in the water was discovered to be much greater than the standards for safe drinking water limits and the preservation of freshwater aquatic life, demonstrating that the river water from this area is unsafe for use as drinking water or for cooking. However, the study suggests relevant authorities should take necessary action to stop further pollution in the study area.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5343363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141264610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco José Mendes dos Reis, Elaine Silva de Pádua Melo, Antonio Marcos Jacques Barbosa, Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães, Karuppusamy Arunachalam, Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira, Ana Carla Pinheiro Lima, Maria Fernanda Balestieri Mariano de Souza, Ana Carla Gomes Rosa, Marta Aratuza Pereira Ancel, Paula Fabiana Saldanha Tschinkel, Valter Aragão do Nascimento
Aquaculture allows sustainable fish farming to meet global demand; however, fish feed can contain mycotoxins and contaminate animals and humans. Bentonites are clayey materials composed mainly of montmorillonite and are used to reduce or diminish the toxicity of aflatoxins to animals and humans. In this sense, new cheap technologies from natural resources are necessary for controlling fungi and mycotoxins in food. However, information on the potential adverse effects on fish health and performance caused by adding bentonite clays to reduce mycotoxin exposure is scarce. Thus, this systematic review aims to analyze recent studies focusing on the use of bentonite clays as adsorbent materials for mycotoxins in fish feed. In this systematic evaluation of the literature on the subject, which was conducted in Cochrane, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus, 1,878 publications from the last 10 years were found, but 1,871 of them were excluded, leading to the selection of only seven for this study. The articles were classified according to the main theme of fish detoxification, the use of natural or chemically modified bentonite clays through adsorbents to remove mycotoxins. The results of the risk of bias analysis of the included studies (seven) were carried out according to the Down and Black criteria. The studies showed that hematological parameters such as total serum protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, N-urea, and creatinine were altered in some fish species due to contamination by aflatoxin B1 in the diet. On the other hand, the use of bentonite reveals that it has the potential to reduce the effects of aflatoxicosis in fish, causing an increase in body weight, changes in serum enzymes related to humoral immunity, and changes in gill morphology and liver tissue. Contamination of fish diets (especially tilapia) by aflatoxins B1 produces severe changes in all investigated parameters and is extremely dangerous for fish productivity and public health. It was observed that adding clays to tilapia diets reduces the effects of aflatoxicosis while improving economic output and lowering health hazards by adsorbing aflatoxins B1. Thus, the use of bentonite clays is one of the most promising decontamination techniques that can be used by pisciculture.
{"title":"Bentonite Clays as Adsorbent Material for Mycotoxins and the Hematological Parameters Involved in Tilapia Species: A Systematic Review","authors":"Francisco José Mendes dos Reis, Elaine Silva de Pádua Melo, Antonio Marcos Jacques Barbosa, Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães, Karuppusamy Arunachalam, Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira, Ana Carla Pinheiro Lima, Maria Fernanda Balestieri Mariano de Souza, Ana Carla Gomes Rosa, Marta Aratuza Pereira Ancel, Paula Fabiana Saldanha Tschinkel, Valter Aragão do Nascimento","doi":"10.1155/2024/4899256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4899256","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Aquaculture allows sustainable fish farming to meet global demand; however, fish feed can contain mycotoxins and contaminate animals and humans. Bentonites are clayey materials composed mainly of montmorillonite and are used to reduce or diminish the toxicity of aflatoxins to animals and humans. In this sense, new cheap technologies from natural resources are necessary for controlling fungi and mycotoxins in food. However, information on the potential adverse effects on fish health and performance caused by adding bentonite clays to reduce mycotoxin exposure is scarce. Thus, this systematic review aims to analyze recent studies focusing on the use of bentonite clays as adsorbent materials for mycotoxins in fish feed. In this systematic evaluation of the literature on the subject, which was conducted in Cochrane, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus, 1,878 publications from the last 10 years were found, but 1,871 of them were excluded, leading to the selection of only seven for this study. The articles were classified according to the main theme of fish detoxification, the use of natural or chemically modified bentonite clays through adsorbents to remove mycotoxins. The results of the risk of bias analysis of the included studies (seven) were carried out according to the Down and Black criteria. The studies showed that hematological parameters such as total serum protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, N-urea, and creatinine were altered in some fish species due to contamination by aflatoxin B1 in the diet. On the other hand, the use of bentonite reveals that it has the potential to reduce the effects of aflatoxicosis in fish, causing an increase in body weight, changes in serum enzymes related to humoral immunity, and changes in gill morphology and liver tissue. Contamination of fish diets (especially tilapia) by aflatoxins B1 produces severe changes in all investigated parameters and is extremely dangerous for fish productivity and public health. It was observed that adding clays to tilapia diets reduces the effects of aflatoxicosis while improving economic output and lowering health hazards by adsorbing aflatoxins B1. Thus, the use of bentonite clays is one of the most promising decontamination techniques that can be used by pisciculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/4899256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qian Qi, Chunnuan Zhang, Ruiyi Xu, Chenran Lv, Ye Xue, Pu Wang, Zhiyong Li, Mingyang Chen
Ammonia nitrogen is one of the major pollutants in aquaculture. However, the mechanism of ammonia stress on ovarian development and follicular atresia is unknown. In this study, goldfish (Carassius auratus) were exposed to different ammonia concentrations, including 0 (control, C) and 50 mg/L (high, H) for 48 hr at 21 ± 0.5°C. Histology of the ovarian tissue sections revealed that the high ammonia concentrations inhibited the maturation of oocytes, and induced broken and wrinkled radiation bands, follicular membranes, and the accumulation of rod-shaped yolk particles. From the transcriptome data, a total of 1,405 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between H and C groups. Most DEGs were highly enriched in low-density lipoprotein particle-mediated signaling, oxidative stress-induced premature senescence, and ovarian steroidogenesis pathway. Furthermore, a total of 19 genes were selected and determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The changes in oxidative stress and antioxidant activity indicated the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ovarian tissue. The ovarian apoptosis was induced in the H group. The downregulation of genes involved in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway indicated that ammonia nitrogen stress prevented the synthesis of sexual hormones. These results suggest that high-concentration ammonia stress induces ovarian damage in goldfish, affecting its antioxidant function, leading to excessive ROS accumulation, ovarian apoptosis, and hindered steroid synthesis, adversely affecting reproductive performance.
{"title":"High Ammonia Nitrogen-Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Mature Ovary","authors":"Qian Qi, Chunnuan Zhang, Ruiyi Xu, Chenran Lv, Ye Xue, Pu Wang, Zhiyong Li, Mingyang Chen","doi":"10.1155/2024/9577902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9577902","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Ammonia nitrogen is one of the major pollutants in aquaculture. However, the mechanism of ammonia stress on ovarian development and follicular atresia is unknown. In this study, goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>) were exposed to different ammonia concentrations, including 0 (control, C) and 50 mg/L (high, H) for 48 hr at 21 ± 0.5°C. Histology of the ovarian tissue sections revealed that the high ammonia concentrations inhibited the maturation of oocytes, and induced broken and wrinkled radiation bands, follicular membranes, and the accumulation of rod-shaped yolk particles. From the transcriptome data, a total of 1,405 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between H and C groups. Most DEGs were highly enriched in low-density lipoprotein particle-mediated signaling, oxidative stress-induced premature senescence, and ovarian steroidogenesis pathway. Furthermore, a total of 19 genes were selected and determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The changes in oxidative stress and antioxidant activity indicated the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ovarian tissue. The ovarian apoptosis was induced in the H group. The downregulation of genes involved in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway indicated that ammonia nitrogen stress prevented the synthesis of sexual hormones. These results suggest that high-concentration ammonia stress induces ovarian damage in goldfish, affecting its antioxidant function, leading to excessive ROS accumulation, ovarian apoptosis, and hindered steroid synthesis, adversely affecting reproductive performance.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/9577902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaneel S. Sharma, Andrea C. Alfaro, Norman L. C. Ragg, Leonardo N. Zamora
The New Zealand geoduck (Panopea zelandica) has seen considerable interest from the NZ aquaculture industry. A major bottleneck in culturing P. zelandica is early life stages mortality (e.g., embryo). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the embryonic performance and their transition to the first feeding larval stage (D-veliger) under different salinities (26, 30, 32, and 35 ppt) of four different offspring groups generated from broodstock being fed different ratios (25 : 75, 50 : 50, 60 : 40, and 75 : 25) of the haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea (formerly Isochrysis galbana) (ISO) and the diatom Chaetoceros muelleri (CM) during gametogenesis. Broodstock within all diet ratio treatments successfully conditioned, producing viable embryos. Average egg size ranged between 75 and 80 µm and was not affected by the diet ratios of the broodstock. Survival 48 hr postfertilization, D-veliger larvae yield, and incidence of abnormalities depended on both the embryo rearing salinity and broodstock feeding ratios. The combined salinity of 32−35 ppt and a feeding ratio of 50 : 50 and 60 : 40 (ISO:CM) had the highest survival of embryos (56.0%–77.5%), highest production of D-veliger larvae (>65%), and lowest incidence of abnormalities within D-Veliger (<47%). The size of the larvae decreased with decreasing salinities, with the largest found at 35 ppt (101.22 ± 0.49 µm in shell length). Embryos and larvae did not survive at salinity 26 ppt. These results suggest that diet during gametogenesis can play a role on the offspring ability to cope with environmental stressors at least during the critical first few days after fertilization. These findings provide important information on transgenerational effects due to broodstock diet, especially during the early life stages.
{"title":"Carry-Over Effects of Broodstock Conditioning on the Salinity Tolerance of Embryos of the New Zealand Geoduck (Panopea zelandica)","authors":"Shaneel S. Sharma, Andrea C. Alfaro, Norman L. C. Ragg, Leonardo N. Zamora","doi":"10.1155/2024/8875557","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8875557","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The New Zealand geoduck (<i>Panopea zelandica</i>) has seen considerable interest from the NZ aquaculture industry. A major bottleneck in culturing <i>P. zelandica</i> is early life stages mortality (e.g., embryo). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the embryonic performance and their transition to the first feeding larval stage (D-veliger) under different salinities (26, 30, 32, and 35 ppt) of four different offspring groups generated from broodstock being fed different ratios (25 : 75, 50 : 50, 60 : 40, and 75 : 25) of the haptophyte <i>Tisochrysis lutea</i> (formerly <i>Isochrysis galbana</i>) (ISO) and the diatom <i>Chaetoceros muelleri</i> (CM) during gametogenesis. Broodstock within all diet ratio treatments successfully conditioned, producing viable embryos. Average egg size ranged between 75 and 80 <i>µ</i>m and was not affected by the diet ratios of the broodstock. Survival 48 hr postfertilization, D-veliger larvae yield, and incidence of abnormalities depended on both the embryo rearing salinity and broodstock feeding ratios. The combined salinity of 32−35 ppt and a feeding ratio of 50 : 50 and 60 : 40 (ISO:CM) had the highest survival of embryos (56.0%–77.5%), highest production of D-veliger larvae (>65%), and lowest incidence of abnormalities within D-Veliger (<47%). The size of the larvae decreased with decreasing salinities, with the largest found at 35 ppt (101.22 ± 0.49 <i>µ</i>m in shell length). Embryos and larvae did not survive at salinity 26 ppt. These results suggest that diet during gametogenesis can play a role on the offspring ability to cope with environmental stressors at least during the critical first few days after fertilization. These findings provide important information on transgenerational effects due to broodstock diet, especially during the early life stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140969440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Flores-Moreno, A. J. Vizcaíno, M. I. Sáez, J. Macías-Vidal, T. F. Martínez, J. A. Martos-Sitcha, F. J. Alarcón-López
Numerous studies have reported the disadvantages of using plant protein in aquafeeds owing to the presence of antinutritional factors. Particularly, phytate can be overcome by dietary supplementation with exogenous phytase. On the other hand, the use of microalgae has been proven to be a valuable strategy for enhancing the digestive functionality in fish fed diets with high plant protein content. It was hypothesized that the simultaneous inclusion of phytase with microalgae can be useful to improve growth performance and digestive functionality in fish fed diets with high content of plant protein. In this study, the effects of feeds supplemented with different levels of exogenous phytase (FTU) and 2.5% of a blend of Arthrospira platensis and Nannochloropsis gaditana were evaluated on growth performance, metabolism, and gut functionality in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Fish were fed ad libitum for 83 days with five diets containing different enzyme ratios (FTU), in triplicate: (i) control (0 FTU); (ii) 500 FTU; (iii) 1,000 FTU; (iv) 2,000 FTU; and (v) 10,000 FTU. At the end of the feeding period, zootechnical indexes were estimated, and biological samples were withdrawn for physiological determinations. The results obtained showed an overall improvement in the productive efficiency, general metabolism, and intestinal functionality in fish fed the highest phytase inclusion (2,000 and 10,000 FTU). Final weight (75.51 ± 1.01 g vs. 66.76 ± 1.26 g, p = 0.005), SGR (1.15 ± 0.02 vs. 1.00 ± 0.02, p = 0.006). and feed efficiency (0.80 ± 0.02% day−1 vs. 0.67 ± 0.01% day−1, p = 0.012) were higher in fish fed 10,000 FTU. The chemical composition of muscle and plasma metabolites did not vary among dietary treatments, except for the high glucose and low glycogen content in the liver with 2,000 FTU group. Focusing on gut functionality, enzyme activities tended to be higher in fish fed diets supplemented with phytase and microalgae, and significant differences were found for trypsin, chymotrypsin, and alkaline phosphatase with 1,000, 2,000, and 10,000 FTU, and leucine aminopeptidase with 2,000 and 10,000 FTU (p < 0.0001). Analysis of intestinal morphology revealed that 2,000 and 10,000 FTU combined with microalgae increased villi height and decreased villi diameter and enterocyte height. The presence of microalgae at low phytase supplementation level seems to lack of influence on the different parameters evaluated whereas only increased dietary phytase levels impacted on growth, nutrient utilization, and intestinal functionality. In addition, faecal samples were obtained by stripping the final portion of the intestines, from which the phosphorus and nitrogen were quantified. Apparent digestibility coefficient of phosphorus with 2,000 FTU and 10,000 FTU were higher, 74.3% and 77.8%, respectively, compared to control (52.4%). The results revealed a decrease in
{"title":"Effects of Phytase and Microalgae Supplementation on the Utilization of Aquafeeds for European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Formulated with a High Inclusion Level of Plant Protein","authors":"S. Flores-Moreno, A. J. Vizcaíno, M. I. Sáez, J. Macías-Vidal, T. F. Martínez, J. A. Martos-Sitcha, F. J. Alarcón-López","doi":"10.1155/2024/4775004","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4775004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Numerous studies have reported the disadvantages of using plant protein in aquafeeds owing to the presence of antinutritional factors. Particularly, phytate can be overcome by dietary supplementation with exogenous phytase. On the other hand, the use of microalgae has been proven to be a valuable strategy for enhancing the digestive functionality in fish fed diets with high plant protein content. It was hypothesized that the simultaneous inclusion of phytase with microalgae can be useful to improve growth performance and digestive functionality in fish fed diets with high content of plant protein. In this study, the effects of feeds supplemented with different levels of exogenous phytase (FTU) and 2.5% of a blend of <i>Arthrospira platensis</i> and <i>Nannochloropsis gaditana</i> were evaluated on growth performance, metabolism, and gut functionality in European seabass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>) juveniles. Fish were fed <i>ad libitum</i> for 83 days with five diets containing different enzyme ratios (FTU), in triplicate: (i) control (0 FTU); (ii) 500 FTU; (iii) 1,000 FTU; (iv) 2,000 FTU; and (v) 10,000 FTU. At the end of the feeding period, zootechnical indexes were estimated, and biological samples were withdrawn for physiological determinations. The results obtained showed an overall improvement in the productive efficiency, general metabolism, and intestinal functionality in fish fed the highest phytase inclusion (2,000 and 10,000 FTU). Final weight (75.51 ± 1.01 g vs. 66.76 ± 1.26 g, <i>p</i> = 0.005), SGR (1.15 ± 0.02 vs. 1.00 ± 0.02, <i>p</i> = 0.006). and feed efficiency (0.80 ± 0.02% day<sup>−1</sup> vs. 0.67 ± 0.01% day<sup>−1</sup>, <i>p</i> = 0.012) were higher in fish fed 10,000 FTU. The chemical composition of muscle and plasma metabolites did not vary among dietary treatments, except for the high glucose and low glycogen content in the liver with 2,000 FTU group. Focusing on gut functionality, enzyme activities tended to be higher in fish fed diets supplemented with phytase and microalgae, and significant differences were found for trypsin, chymotrypsin, and alkaline phosphatase with 1,000, 2,000, and 10,000 FTU, and leucine aminopeptidase with 2,000 and 10,000 FTU (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Analysis of intestinal morphology revealed that 2,000 and 10,000 FTU combined with microalgae increased villi height and decreased villi diameter and enterocyte height. The presence of microalgae at low phytase supplementation level seems to lack of influence on the different parameters evaluated whereas only increased dietary phytase levels impacted on growth, nutrient utilization, and intestinal functionality. In addition, faecal samples were obtained by stripping the final portion of the intestines, from which the phosphorus and nitrogen were quantified. Apparent digestibility coefficient of phosphorus with 2,000 FTU and 10,000 FTU were higher, 74.3% and 77.8%, respectively, compared to control (52.4%). The results revealed a decrease in ","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this study was to research the effects of Lactobacillus buchneri L3-9 and its extracellular products on growth, immunity, intestinal microorganisms, and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in grass carp. A total of 120 fish (80–90 g) were distributed into 12 aquariums (10 fish/aquarium) in three replicates and fed 1% of their body weight for 21 days. The grass carp were fed four different diets: a control (group C), a diet supplemented with 1 × 106 cell g−1 of L. buchneri L3-9 (group B), a diet supplemented with extracellular products of L. buchneri L3-9 (group E), and a diet supplemented with L. buchneri L3-9 and the extracellular products (group BE). Compared with the control diet, the B, E, and BE diets increased the weight gain rate by 4.49%, 2.59%, and 4.38%, respectively (p < 0.05), and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio by 0.72, 0.57, and 0.76, respectively (p < 0.05). Groups B, BE, and E showed significant decreases in mortality, with values of 26.67%, 16.67%, and 23.33%, respectively (p < 0.05). Group B showed a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The highest catalase (CAT) activity was found in group E (p < 0.05). In group B, the expression of the gut proinflammatory gene TNF-α was downregulated (p < 0.05), and the expression of anti-inflammatory genes, including TGF-β1, IL-10, and Tlr-8, was upregulated compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05). Groups BE and E showed an increased abundance of Lactobacillaceae. Additionally, a drastic decrease in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae was in these groups compared to the control group. In conclusion, L. buchneri L3-9 and its extracellular products could improve the growth performance, immune responses, and resistance to A. hydrophila in grass carp. This study provides insights for the development and application of microecological preparations.
{"title":"Effects of Probiotics and Its Extracellular Products on the Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Aeromonas hydrophila Resistance of Grass Carp","authors":"Xiantao Gao, Yuanzhi Peng, Xiaokun Gao, Zhicheng Zhu, Jingjing Zhang, Wanli Cheng, Minmin Cai, Longyu Zheng, Feng Huang, Jibin Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2024/5555865","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5555865","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The goal of this study was to research the effects of <i>Lactobacillus buchneri</i> L3-9 and its extracellular products on growth, immunity, intestinal microorganisms, and disease resistance to <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> in grass carp. A total of 120 fish (80–90 g) were distributed into 12 aquariums (10 fish/aquarium) in three replicates and fed 1% of their body weight for 21 days. The grass carp were fed four different diets: a control (group C), a diet supplemented with 1 × 10<sup>6</sup> cell g<sup>−1</sup> of <i>L. buchneri</i> L3-9 (group B), a diet supplemented with extracellular products of <i>L. buchneri</i> L3-9 (group E), and a diet supplemented with <i>L. buchneri</i> L3-9 and the extracellular products (group BE). Compared with the control diet, the B, E, and BE diets increased the weight gain rate by 4.49%, 2.59%, and 4.38%, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio by 0.72, 0.57, and 0.76, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Groups B, BE, and E showed significant decreases in mortality, with values of 26.67%, 16.67%, and 23.33%, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Group B showed a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The highest catalase (CAT) activity was found in group E (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In group B, the expression of the gut proinflammatory gene <i>TNF-α</i> was downregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the expression of anti-inflammatory genes, including <i>TGF-β1</i>, <i>IL-10</i>, and <i>Tlr-8</i>, was upregulated compared to that in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Groups BE and E showed an increased abundance of <i>Lactobacillaceae</i>. Additionally, a drastic decrease in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as <i>Aeromonadaceae</i> and <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> was in these groups compared to the control group. In conclusion, <i>L. buchneri</i> L3-9 and its extracellular products could improve the growth performance, immune responses, and resistance to <i>A. hydrophila</i> in grass carp. This study provides insights for the development and application of microecological preparations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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