Reza Ghorbani Vaghei, A. Yousefi Jourdehi, Zabih O. Pajand, Maryam Monsef Shokri, M. Mohseni
Six different feeding regimes (FR) were tested from 7 to 38 days post hatching (dph). Five thousand four hundred larvae (7 dph, 0.048 g) were randomly stocked in 18 fiberglass tanks contained 100 L fresh water (300 larvae per each tank). In larvae fed with FR-B, includes Artemia nauplii (AN) + Artemia biomass (AB) + microdiet (MD), the body weight (BW) at the end of trail (38 dph) similar the FR-D (AN + CHL + AB + MD), and E (AN + CHL + AB), was at high level. Survival rate was higher in larvae fed FR-A includes AN + chironomid larvae (CHL) + MD, but had a lower BW ( p < 0.05 ). Moderate BW and survival rate were detected in larvae fed FR-C (AN + DP + MD). Larvae fed only MD (FR-F), had the lowest survival and the highest BW ( p < 0.05 ). Different FR had a significant effect on crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), ash, and dry weight ( p < 0.05 ). The larvae fed FR-C and D had the highest CP ( p < 0.05 ). The highest CF and ash in larvae were detected in FR-F and C, respectively ( p < 0.05 ). Larvae from FR-A and B had higher levels of n−3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in comparison with others FR ( p < 0.05 ). The use of AB and CHL can increased the weight and survival rate of larvae, respectively. At the end of trail, the activity of pepsin, trypsin, lipase and α-amylase enzyme levels were lower in FR-B and F than others FR. Totally, by using a combination of AN + CHL + AB + MD had better results than others and ordered to H. huso larvae feeding. Using MD alone, can cause lesser development of the digestive system and little attractiveness, therefore it can cause starvation, and the empty digestive tract of larvae.
{"title":"Effects of Different Feeding Regimes on Growth Performance, Survival Rate, Carcass Composition, Fatty Acids Profile, and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Great Sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758) Larvae","authors":"Reza Ghorbani Vaghei, A. Yousefi Jourdehi, Zabih O. Pajand, Maryam Monsef Shokri, M. Mohseni","doi":"10.1155/2023/9936622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9936622","url":null,"abstract":"Six different feeding regimes (FR) were tested from 7 to 38 days post hatching (dph). Five thousand four hundred larvae (7 dph, 0.048 g) were randomly stocked in 18 fiberglass tanks contained 100 L fresh water (300 larvae per each tank). In larvae fed with FR-B, includes Artemia nauplii (AN) + Artemia biomass (AB) + microdiet (MD), the body weight (BW) at the end of trail (38 dph) similar the FR-D (AN + CHL + AB + MD), and E (AN + CHL + AB), was at high level. Survival rate was higher in larvae fed FR-A includes AN + chironomid larvae (CHL) + MD, but had a lower BW (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). Moderate BW and survival rate were detected in larvae fed FR-C (AN + DP + MD). Larvae fed only MD (FR-F), had the lowest survival and the highest BW (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). Different FR had a significant effect on crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), ash, and dry weight (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). The larvae fed FR-C and D had the highest CP (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). The highest CF and ash in larvae were detected in FR-F and C, respectively (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). Larvae from FR-A and B had higher levels of n−3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in comparison with others FR (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ). The use of AB and CHL can increased the weight and survival rate of larvae, respectively. At the end of trail, the activity of pepsin, trypsin, lipase and α-amylase enzyme levels were lower in FR-B and F than others FR. Totally, by using a combination of AN + CHL + AB + MD had better results than others and ordered to H. huso larvae feeding. Using MD alone, can cause lesser development of the digestive system and little attractiveness, therefore it can cause starvation, and the empty digestive tract of larvae.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43091368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the complete cDNA sequence (1552 bp) of the cold-inducible RNA binding protein gene (cirbp gene) was successfully cloned from the liver in Acanthopagrus schlegelii (initial weight: 15.0 ± 2.3 g). Results showed that Ascirbp (cirbp gene from A. schlegelii) gene has 24 phosphorylation sites, no signal peptide, and no transmembrane helix structure. AsCIRBP, with a molecular weight of 18.84 ku and an isoelectric point of 9.04 was a stable protein that encodes 182 amino acids. Subcellular localization analysis of this protein showed that it was located in the nucleus. Sequence alignment results showed that the AsCIRBP amino acid sequences of various fishes including black porgy were highly conserved, especially the RNA recognition motif (RRM). Those results of real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that Ascirbp gene was specifically expressed in the liver tissue of black porgy and its expression was significantly increased under cold stress or cold acclimation. The RNA interference experiment results showed that Ascirbp-dsRNA could suppress the expression of Ascirbp gene in the liver of black porgy through intraperitoneal injection. After silencing the expression of Ascirbp gene, RNAi groups were more severely damaged in the structure of the liver tissue and more prone to apoptosis under cold stress than control groups. The results of the study on the linkage between Ascirbp gene expression and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways showed that changes in the expression of the Ascirbp gene had a significant effect on the expression of key genes of apoptosis. The most striking result from silencing the expression of the Ascirbp gene was that expressions of the bcl-2 and apaf-1 gene in the liver of black porgy decreased significantly, which can block the normal apoptotic process. After the disruption of the normal apoptotic process, the expressions of p53, bax, cyto-c, caspase-9, caspase-3, diablo, and caspase-1 gene were significantly affected. These results suggest that Ascirbp gene can inhibit apoptosis and protect tissue structure in the liver tissue of black porgy at low temperatures.
{"title":"A Cold-Inducible RNA Binding Protein Gene from Acanthopagrus schlegelii: Molecular Characterization, Expression, and Association with Apoptosis to Low-Temperature Stress","authors":"Mingliang Wei, Mingjun Shen, Wang Yue, G. Bo, Ruijian Sun, Qin Yali, Jianbin Jiang, Jianlou Zhou, Shen Jing, Xiaojian Tang, Zhiyong Zhang, Zhiwei Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2023/1697400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1697400","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the complete cDNA sequence (1552 bp) of the cold-inducible RNA binding protein gene (cirbp gene) was successfully cloned from the liver in Acanthopagrus schlegelii (initial weight: 15.0 ± 2.3 g). Results showed that Ascirbp (cirbp gene from A. schlegelii) gene has 24 phosphorylation sites, no signal peptide, and no transmembrane helix structure. AsCIRBP, with a molecular weight of 18.84 ku and an isoelectric point of 9.04 was a stable protein that encodes 182 amino acids. Subcellular localization analysis of this protein showed that it was located in the nucleus. Sequence alignment results showed that the AsCIRBP amino acid sequences of various fishes including black porgy were highly conserved, especially the RNA recognition motif (RRM). Those results of real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that Ascirbp gene was specifically expressed in the liver tissue of black porgy and its expression was significantly increased under cold stress or cold acclimation. The RNA interference experiment results showed that Ascirbp-dsRNA could suppress the expression of Ascirbp gene in the liver of black porgy through intraperitoneal injection. After silencing the expression of Ascirbp gene, RNAi groups were more severely damaged in the structure of the liver tissue and more prone to apoptosis under cold stress than control groups. The results of the study on the linkage between Ascirbp gene expression and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways showed that changes in the expression of the Ascirbp gene had a significant effect on the expression of key genes of apoptosis. The most striking result from silencing the expression of the Ascirbp gene was that expressions of the bcl-2 and apaf-1 gene in the liver of black porgy decreased significantly, which can block the normal apoptotic process. After the disruption of the normal apoptotic process, the expressions of p53, bax, cyto-c, caspase-9, caspase-3, diablo, and caspase-1 gene were significantly affected. These results suggest that Ascirbp gene can inhibit apoptosis and protect tissue structure in the liver tissue of black porgy at low temperatures.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48629265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. K. Magna, E. D. Mensah, F. Mabe, M. Johnson-Ashun, Lilly Osei Konadu, E. Appiah
In Ghana, aquaculture offers acceptable opportunities for generating income. Cage aquaculture has a lot of potential for growth in Lake Volta. In this region, cage aquaculture farmers perform aquaculture in a variety of ways that fall into three major groups: commercial, medium scale, and small scale. In this study, the profitability and production economics of small-scale aquaculture operations in Lake Volta were examined. The average total revenue accrued and the average total costs of production were Gh₵395231.25 and Gh₵267970.15, respectively. The overall gross margin and net return for all the farms were Gh₵130294.02 and Gh₵127,261.10 per cycle, respectively. The overall assessment of the profitability performance indicators such as the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), the return on investment (ROI), the net present value (NPV), the operating expense ratio (OE), the operating profit margin (OPM), and the gross margin ratio (GMR) were 1.47, 47.49%, Gh₵407625.47, 0.77%, 32.20%, and 33.00%, respectively. These indicators showed that small-scale cage fish farming in the study area is profitable. The sensitivity analysis further demonstrated that small-scale cage fish production was robustly profitable. In light of this, the study suggests that stakeholders educate small-scale cage aquaculture farmers on the profitability of the business and make a concerted effort to teach and equip farmers with best management practises (BMPs), water quality management, feeds, and feeding management.
{"title":"Profitability Analysis of Small-Scale Cage Aquaculture Farms in the Volta Lake of Ghana","authors":"E. K. Magna, E. D. Mensah, F. Mabe, M. Johnson-Ashun, Lilly Osei Konadu, E. Appiah","doi":"10.1155/2023/1314660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1314660","url":null,"abstract":"In Ghana, aquaculture offers acceptable opportunities for generating income. Cage aquaculture has a lot of potential for growth in Lake Volta. In this region, cage aquaculture farmers perform aquaculture in a variety of ways that fall into three major groups: commercial, medium scale, and small scale. In this study, the profitability and production economics of small-scale aquaculture operations in Lake Volta were examined. The average total revenue accrued and the average total costs of production were Gh₵395231.25 and Gh₵267970.15, respectively. The overall gross margin and net return for all the farms were Gh₵130294.02 and Gh₵127,261.10 per cycle, respectively. The overall assessment of the profitability performance indicators such as the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), the return on investment (ROI), the net present value (NPV), the operating expense ratio (OE), the operating profit margin (OPM), and the gross margin ratio (GMR) were 1.47, 47.49%, Gh₵407625.47, 0.77%, 32.20%, and 33.00%, respectively. These indicators showed that small-scale cage fish farming in the study area is profitable. The sensitivity analysis further demonstrated that small-scale cage fish production was robustly profitable. In light of this, the study suggests that stakeholders educate small-scale cage aquaculture farmers on the profitability of the business and make a concerted effort to teach and equip farmers with best management practises (BMPs), water quality management, feeds, and feeding management.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42028735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruno José Corecha Fernandes Eiras, D. A. Campelo, L. B. de Moura, Leonnan Carlos Carvalho de Oliveira, Liliane Marques de Sousa, R. M. da Costa
The present study aimed to assess the potential substitution of Artemia franciscana nauplii with Moina minuta neonates as the initial feed for angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) and severum (Heros severus), evaluating the fish growth performance, live food cost, and intestinal histomorphometry. To achieve this goal, two separate experiments were carried out for each species during 20 days, using 200 postlarvae. Both experimental designs consisted of five treatments, namely, 100% A. franciscana nauplii (A100-M0); 75% A. franciscana nauplii and 25% M. minuta neonates (A75-M25); 50% A. franciscana nauplii and 50% M. minuta neonates (A50-M50); 25% A. franciscana nauplii and 75% M. minuta neonates (A25-M75); and 100% M. minuta neonates (A0-M100), with four replications (10 postlarvae per repetition). Angelfish postlarvae fed with A100-M0, A75-M25, A50-M50, and A25-M75 had better values of final length (13.31 mm, 14.15 mm, 13.32 mm, and 13.32 mm), gain in length (7.91 mm, 8.75 mm, 7.92 mm, and 7.92 mm), and length-specific growth rate (4.51% day−1, 4.82% day−1, 4.51% day−1, and 4.51% day−1). In the case of severum postlarvae, the highest length growth performance occurred in those fed with A100-M0 (15.86 mm, 8.90 mm, and 4.12% day−1), A75-M25 (15.45 mm, 8.49 mm, and 3.99% day−1), and A50-M50 (14.78 mm, 7.82 mm, and 3.76% day−1). Both species (angelfish and severum postlarvae) fed with A100-M0 and A75-M25 presented higher values of final weight (28.88 mg and 34.49 mg; 55.84 mg and 53.95 mg), gain in weight (27.56 mg and 33.08 mg; 51.03 mg and 49.14 mg), and weight-specific growth rate (15.42% day−1 and 16.30% day−1; 12.26% day−1 and 12.09% day−1). Live food cost for angelfish and severum postlarvae was higher in A100-M0 (US$ 0.92 and US$ 1.08) and lower for the ones in A0-M100 (US$ 0.36 and US$ 0.35). Severum postlarvae fed with A100-M0 (57.20 µm), A75-M25 (55.66 µm), and A50-M50 (54.27 µm) presented the highest intestinal villi heights. Thus, partial replacement of A. franciscana nauplii by M. minuta neonates in the proportion of A75-M25 or 100A-0M is viable and effective during the first feed of these fish species.
{"title":"Replacement of Artemia franciscana Nauplii by Moina minuta Neonates as Live Food on the Larviculture of Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare -Schultze, 1823) and Severum (Heros severus - Heckel, 1840)","authors":"Bruno José Corecha Fernandes Eiras, D. A. Campelo, L. B. de Moura, Leonnan Carlos Carvalho de Oliveira, Liliane Marques de Sousa, R. M. da Costa","doi":"10.1155/2023/6118659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6118659","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to assess the potential substitution of Artemia franciscana nauplii with Moina minuta neonates as the initial feed for angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) and severum (Heros severus), evaluating the fish growth performance, live food cost, and intestinal histomorphometry. To achieve this goal, two separate experiments were carried out for each species during 20 days, using 200 postlarvae. Both experimental designs consisted of five treatments, namely, 100% A. franciscana nauplii (A100-M0); 75% A. franciscana nauplii and 25% M. minuta neonates (A75-M25); 50% A. franciscana nauplii and 50% M. minuta neonates (A50-M50); 25% A. franciscana nauplii and 75% M. minuta neonates (A25-M75); and 100% M. minuta neonates (A0-M100), with four replications (10 postlarvae per repetition). Angelfish postlarvae fed with A100-M0, A75-M25, A50-M50, and A25-M75 had better values of final length (13.31 mm, 14.15 mm, 13.32 mm, and 13.32 mm), gain in length (7.91 mm, 8.75 mm, 7.92 mm, and 7.92 mm), and length-specific growth rate (4.51% day−1, 4.82% day−1, 4.51% day−1, and 4.51% day−1). In the case of severum postlarvae, the highest length growth performance occurred in those fed with A100-M0 (15.86 mm, 8.90 mm, and 4.12% day−1), A75-M25 (15.45 mm, 8.49 mm, and 3.99% day−1), and A50-M50 (14.78 mm, 7.82 mm, and 3.76% day−1). Both species (angelfish and severum postlarvae) fed with A100-M0 and A75-M25 presented higher values of final weight (28.88 mg and 34.49 mg; 55.84 mg and 53.95 mg), gain in weight (27.56 mg and 33.08 mg; 51.03 mg and 49.14 mg), and weight-specific growth rate (15.42% day−1 and 16.30% day−1; 12.26% day−1 and 12.09% day−1). Live food cost for angelfish and severum postlarvae was higher in A100-M0 (US$ 0.92 and US$ 1.08) and lower for the ones in A0-M100 (US$ 0.36 and US$ 0.35). Severum postlarvae fed with A100-M0 (57.20 µm), A75-M25 (55.66 µm), and A50-M50 (54.27 µm) presented the highest intestinal villi heights. Thus, partial replacement of A. franciscana nauplii by M. minuta neonates in the proportion of A75-M25 or 100A-0M is viable and effective during the first feed of these fish species.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45757897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiangyu Pi, Yang Xu, Yiwen Cao, Qihuan Zhang, Zisheng Wang, Z. Qi
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and the laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2) are family members of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), which play important roles in the immune response against pathogens invasion. In the present study, MDA5 and LGP2 genes were identified in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), a fish species with a great economic value. The two proteins contained similar conserved domains and motifs as their counterparts of other vertebrates, including the DExDc domain (the DEAD/DEAH box helicases domain), HELICc domain (helicases superfamily domain), and regulatory domain (RD). Real-time qPCR revealed that the two genes were constitutively expressed in tissues of healthy fish and could be induced in the spleen by polyinosinic and polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) challenge in vivo. Also, selective pressure analysis revealed that the negative selection had roles in the evolutions of the two genes. Furthermore, the dsRNA binding mechanism of msLGP2 and msMDA5 were analyzed by the molecular docking strategy. The amino acids of msLGP2 involved in dsRNA binding were V604, N663, L682, and L684, which were located in the regulatory domain (RD) of msLGP2. The amino acids of msMDA5 involved in dsRNA binding were G429, H434, L842, and L845, which were located in the DExDc domain and the RD domain of msMDA5. These results indicated that fish LGP2 and MDA5 might share similar functions and ligand binding mechanism as their mammalian counterparts.
{"title":"Characterization, Expression, and Ligand Binding of LGP2 and MDA5 in Largemouth Black Bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802)","authors":"Xiangyu Pi, Yang Xu, Yiwen Cao, Qihuan Zhang, Zisheng Wang, Z. Qi","doi":"10.1155/2023/1222592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1222592","url":null,"abstract":"Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and the laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2) are family members of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), which play important roles in the immune response against pathogens invasion. In the present study, MDA5 and LGP2 genes were identified in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), a fish species with a great economic value. The two proteins contained similar conserved domains and motifs as their counterparts of other vertebrates, including the DExDc domain (the DEAD/DEAH box helicases domain), HELICc domain (helicases superfamily domain), and regulatory domain (RD). Real-time qPCR revealed that the two genes were constitutively expressed in tissues of healthy fish and could be induced in the spleen by polyinosinic and polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) challenge in vivo. Also, selective pressure analysis revealed that the negative selection had roles in the evolutions of the two genes. Furthermore, the dsRNA binding mechanism of msLGP2 and msMDA5 were analyzed by the molecular docking strategy. The amino acids of msLGP2 involved in dsRNA binding were V604, N663, L682, and L684, which were located in the regulatory domain (RD) of msLGP2. The amino acids of msMDA5 involved in dsRNA binding were G429, H434, L842, and L845, which were located in the DExDc domain and the RD domain of msMDA5. These results indicated that fish LGP2 and MDA5 might share similar functions and ligand binding mechanism as their mammalian counterparts.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44766636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonia Solanki, S. J. Meshram, H. B. Dhamagaye, S. D. Naik, P. Shingare, B. M. Yadav
A 20-day 3 ∗ 3 factorial experiment was conducted in 100 L HDPE experimental tanks to investigate the effect of the C/N ratio (10, 15, and 20) and stocking density (3, 4, and 5 spawn L−1) on Gibelion catla spawn nursery rearing in the indoor biofloc system. Rice bran was used as the carbon source for manipulating C/N ratios. Each treatment was stocked with catla spawn of average length (6.7 ± 0.4 mm) and average weight (1.6 ± 0.2 mg). Water parameters showed that increasing the C/N ratio from 10 to 20 significantly ( p < 0.05 ) reduced total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) and increased nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) in the water. The insignificant difference ( p > 0.05 ) and lowest final average length, average length gain, average weight gain, and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded in C/N ratios of 10 and 15 compared to a C/N ratio of 20. A significant difference ( p < 0.05 ) in survival was observed with the increasing C/N ratio. Increasing the fish stocking density resulted in higher mortality. However, a higher amount of fry produced was observed in the treatments with 3 and 4 spawn L−1. Crude protein content increased significantly ( p < 0.05 ) with the increasing C/N ratio with higher content in C/N 20. No significant difference ( p > 0.05 ) in proximate composition of biofloc was observed in different stocking density groups. In conclusion, the application of the biofloc technology with a C/N ratio of 20 at a stocking density of 4 spawn L−1 could be recommended to increase the production of catla fry in the indoor biofloc system.
A 20天3 ∗ 在100 L HDPE实验箱，研究C/N比（10、15和20）和放养密度（3、4和5个L−1）对室内生物絮凝系统中长臂猿catla产卵育苗的影响。以米糠为碳源，控制碳氮比。每种处理都储存了平均长度（6.7 ± 0.4 mm）和平均重量（1.6 ± 0.2 mg）。水分参数显示，C/N比从10显著增加到20（p 0.05），与C/N比为20相比，C/N比例为10和15时记录的最终平均长度、平均长度增加、平均体重增加和比生长率（SGR）最低。在不同的放养密度组中，观察到生物块的近似组成存在显著差异（p 0.05）。总之，C/N比为20、放养密度为4的生物絮凝技术的应用 在室内生物絮凝系统中，可以推荐L−1菌种来提高猫尾苗的产量。
{"title":"Effect of C/N Ratio Levels and Stocking Density of Catla Spawn (Gibelion catla) on Water Quality, Growth Performance, and Biofloc Nutritional Composition in an Indoor Biofloc System","authors":"Sonia Solanki, S. J. Meshram, H. B. Dhamagaye, S. D. Naik, P. Shingare, B. M. Yadav","doi":"10.1155/2023/2501653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2501653","url":null,"abstract":"A 20-day 3 ∗ 3 factorial experiment was conducted in 100 L HDPE experimental tanks to investigate the effect of the C/N ratio (10, 15, and 20) and stocking density (3, 4, and 5 spawn L−1) on Gibelion catla spawn nursery rearing in the indoor biofloc system. Rice bran was used as the carbon source for manipulating C/N ratios. Each treatment was stocked with catla spawn of average length (6.7 ± 0.4 mm) and average weight (1.6 ± 0.2 mg). Water parameters showed that increasing the C/N ratio from 10 to 20 significantly (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ) reduced total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) and increased nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) in the water. The insignificant difference (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 >\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ) and lowest final average length, average length gain, average weight gain, and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded in C/N ratios of 10 and 15 compared to a C/N ratio of 20. A significant difference (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ) in survival was observed with the increasing C/N ratio. Increasing the fish stocking density resulted in higher mortality. However, a higher amount of fry produced was observed in the treatments with 3 and 4 spawn L−1. Crude protein content increased significantly (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 <\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ) with the increasing C/N ratio with higher content in C/N 20. No significant difference (\u0000 \u0000 p\u0000 >\u0000 0.05\u0000 \u0000 ) in proximate composition of biofloc was observed in different stocking density groups. In conclusion, the application of the biofloc technology with a C/N ratio of 20 at a stocking density of 4 spawn L−1 could be recommended to increase the production of catla fry in the indoor biofloc system.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43901139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scallops are exposed to drying and hypoxia for a long duration in the supply chain, leading to quality deterioration and changes in odor characteristics. In this study, quality deterioration of Yesso scallop was simulated under different conditions to explore the formation and change of its unique aroma. Its volatile components were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS) regression, GC-O, and smell threshold, and its odor characteristics were analyzed with reference to flavor precursors. The sensory descriptors selected comprehensively described the odor characteristics of Yesso scallop. The 16 most relevant volatile components for each odor characteristic were identified, and a new star-mark grading method was established to evaluate the role of volatile components in the formation of odor characteristics. The possible odor precursors were determined, providing preliminary information on the generation of pleasant and unpleasant odor characteristics by Yesso scallops. Thus, our results provide a scientific basis for the further study and control of the odor characteristics of aquatic products.
{"title":"A Study on the Formation and Change of Yesso Scallop Odor Characteristics by GC-O-MS, Sensory Evaluation, and Flavor-Precursor Analysis","authors":"Runze Fu, Jianhui Su, Yu He, Shuai Wang","doi":"10.1155/2023/1319841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1319841","url":null,"abstract":"Scallops are exposed to drying and hypoxia for a long duration in the supply chain, leading to quality deterioration and changes in odor characteristics. In this study, quality deterioration of Yesso scallop was simulated under different conditions to explore the formation and change of its unique aroma. Its volatile components were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS) regression, GC-O, and smell threshold, and its odor characteristics were analyzed with reference to flavor precursors. The sensory descriptors selected comprehensively described the odor characteristics of Yesso scallop. The 16 most relevant volatile components for each odor characteristic were identified, and a new star-mark grading method was established to evaluate the role of volatile components in the formation of odor characteristics. The possible odor precursors were determined, providing preliminary information on the generation of pleasant and unpleasant odor characteristics by Yesso scallops. Thus, our results provide a scientific basis for the further study and control of the odor characteristics of aquatic products.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43985524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medy Ompi, Farnis B. Boneka, Erly Y. Kaligis, Stella T. Kaunang
The box tropical mussel Septifer bilocularis lives attached to a hard substratum, forming a dense aggregation or patch. The aggregation occurs at the time of larvae settlement in response to different cues. Larvae may have a positive response whereas larvae may settle and attach to the substratum, while in a negative response, postpone settling occurs. Byssus threads are produced and attached to the substratum, and for some reason, they are affected by many variables. We studied whether the attachment was affected by sites, position in the patch, and substratum. Large and small patches of mussel beds were selected arbitrarily, each in 3 replicates. Substrata of palm, coconut, polypropylene fibres, and mussel shells with byssus threads, each in 4 replicates, were distributed randomly into a PVC plate with 16 holes. The PVC plates with experimental substrata were placed along the edge and in the middle of large and small patches. A three-factorial ANOVA was then performed on samples of sites, position in patches, and substratum as main effects. A significant effect of sites, position within patches, and substratum as well were found. A significantly high number of new settlers in small patches than in other positions within patches occurred. The larger number of new settlers was found on coconut, palm, and polypropylene fibres, while low numbers on the mussel shells with byssus threads were found. The new settlers of S. bilocularis (<1 mm) with transparent shells were observed attached to coconut, palm, and polypropylene fibres. In contrast, the new settlers ranged from >1 mm to 3 mm with dark green shells attached to mussel shells with byssus threads. This study suggests that early settlement occurs when mussels’ larvae first settle and attach to coconut, palm, and polypropylene fibres before reattaching to adult shells with byssus threads.
{"title":"Settlement of the Tropical Box Mussel, Septifer bilocularis: Effects of Site, Position, and Substratum","authors":"Medy Ompi, Farnis B. Boneka, Erly Y. Kaligis, Stella T. Kaunang","doi":"10.1155/2023/4498844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4498844","url":null,"abstract":"The box tropical mussel Septifer bilocularis lives attached to a hard substratum, forming a dense aggregation or patch. The aggregation occurs at the time of larvae settlement in response to different cues. Larvae may have a positive response whereas larvae may settle and attach to the substratum, while in a negative response, postpone settling occurs. Byssus threads are produced and attached to the substratum, and for some reason, they are affected by many variables. We studied whether the attachment was affected by sites, position in the patch, and substratum. Large and small patches of mussel beds were selected arbitrarily, each in 3 replicates. Substrata of palm, coconut, polypropylene fibres, and mussel shells with byssus threads, each in 4 replicates, were distributed randomly into a PVC plate with 16 holes. The PVC plates with experimental substrata were placed along the edge and in the middle of large and small patches. A three-factorial ANOVA was then performed on samples of sites, position in patches, and substratum as main effects. A significant effect of sites, position within patches, and substratum as well were found. A significantly high number of new settlers in small patches than in other positions within patches occurred. The larger number of new settlers was found on coconut, palm, and polypropylene fibres, while low numbers on the mussel shells with byssus threads were found. The new settlers of S. bilocularis (<1 mm) with transparent shells were observed attached to coconut, palm, and polypropylene fibres. In contrast, the new settlers ranged from >1 mm to 3 mm with dark green shells attached to mussel shells with byssus threads. This study suggests that early settlement occurs when mussels’ larvae first settle and attach to coconut, palm, and polypropylene fibres before reattaching to adult shells with byssus threads.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135404609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) is an important economic fish species in China, but its development is seriously restricted by the crucian carp hematopoietic organ necrosis caused by Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2). Gill is the key portal for CyHV-2 primary invasion, and the gill immune barrier is the first defense line against infection. Our previous studies showed that dietary poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) supplementation can enhance the disease resistance of gibel carps against CyHV-2 infection, and antioxidants play an important role against this infection. However, the effect of PHB supplementation on the gill immune barrier and primary proliferation of CyHV-2 in the gill is unclear. Herein, results showed that (1) PHB supplementation significantly increased the activities of SOD, GST, and other antioxidant-related enzymes in the gill and gill mucus; (2) PHB significantly upregulated the transcription of genes involved in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, tryptophan metabolism, and MAPK signaling pathway; (3) PHB effectively reduced the cumulative mortality of fish post-CyHV-2 infection; (4) PHB significantly inhibited primary CyHV-2 proliferation in the gill; (5) at the early stage (6 hpi) of CyHV-2 infection, the transcription of IFN-γ, IFN-γR, TNF-α, JUN, TCR-β, IL-4R, STAT1, and AhR in the gill was significantly upregulated by 14.15-folds, 6.55-folds, 9.32-folds, 6.77-folds, 9.84-folds, 5.55-folds, 9.11-folds and 13.06-folds, respectively; and (6) during the late stages (96 hpi and 168 hpi) of infection, some genes in the kidney and intestine were continuously upregulated. In conclusion, PHB can improve the antioxidant capacity of the gill, enhance the immune response, and inhibit the viral proliferation in the gill at the early infection stage. It is of great significance for us to develop novel prevention strategies to control CyHV-2 infection, considering immuno-modulation of the primary invasion organ, the gill, and host antioxidation.
{"title":"Dietary PHB Supplementation Strengthens the Gill Immune Barrier and Disease Resistance of Carassius auratus gibelio against CyHV-2 Early Infection","authors":"G. Qiao, Yichan Zhang, Jiwu Zhang, Wei Chen, Changfeng Wei, Peng Chen, Wenping Yang, Zhu Zhu, Mingming Zhang, Zhigang Zhao, Xihe Wan","doi":"10.1155/2023/7685847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7685847","url":null,"abstract":"Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) is an important economic fish species in China, but its development is seriously restricted by the crucian carp hematopoietic organ necrosis caused by Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2). Gill is the key portal for CyHV-2 primary invasion, and the gill immune barrier is the first defense line against infection. Our previous studies showed that dietary poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) supplementation can enhance the disease resistance of gibel carps against CyHV-2 infection, and antioxidants play an important role against this infection. However, the effect of PHB supplementation on the gill immune barrier and primary proliferation of CyHV-2 in the gill is unclear. Herein, results showed that (1) PHB supplementation significantly increased the activities of SOD, GST, and other antioxidant-related enzymes in the gill and gill mucus; (2) PHB significantly upregulated the transcription of genes involved in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, tryptophan metabolism, and MAPK signaling pathway; (3) PHB effectively reduced the cumulative mortality of fish post-CyHV-2 infection; (4) PHB significantly inhibited primary CyHV-2 proliferation in the gill; (5) at the early stage (6 hpi) of CyHV-2 infection, the transcription of IFN-γ, IFN-γR, TNF-α, JUN, TCR-β, IL-4R, STAT1, and AhR in the gill was significantly upregulated by 14.15-folds, 6.55-folds, 9.32-folds, 6.77-folds, 9.84-folds, 5.55-folds, 9.11-folds and 13.06-folds, respectively; and (6) during the late stages (96 hpi and 168 hpi) of infection, some genes in the kidney and intestine were continuously upregulated. In conclusion, PHB can improve the antioxidant capacity of the gill, enhance the immune response, and inhibit the viral proliferation in the gill at the early infection stage. It is of great significance for us to develop novel prevention strategies to control CyHV-2 infection, considering immuno-modulation of the primary invasion organ, the gill, and host antioxidation.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48973642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the growing concern on animal welfare in crustacean farming, both from legislative bodies as well as the common public, studies on welfare are limited and transfer to routine farming is missing. While biocertification schemes such as the Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) involve a welfare dimension, these dimensions cannot be communicated to the consumer in a scientifically sound manner. Animal welfare is recognized as integral part of sustainability due to the losses associated with bad animal welfare standards and is considered highly relevant by consumers around the world. On the other hand, increasing animal welfare is also required for the optimisation of aquaculture technology. Behaviour of the animals suggests that decapod crustaceans experience nociception and there are several indications of pain perception as well. Also, distress has rarely been evaluated under routine aquaculture conditions and markers for chronic stress detection need to be identified. Indeed, most work on welfare of crustaceans focuses on cellular, oxidative stress only. Here, a comprehensive assessment of chronic stress should be carried out to optimize rearing technology in nurseries, during ongrowing, harvesting, anesthesia, transportation, and humane slaughter in terms of a good aquaculture practise.
{"title":"Welfare of Decapod Crustaceans with Special Emphasis on Stress Physiology","authors":"S. Wuertz, D. Bierbach, M. Bögner","doi":"10.1155/2023/1307684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1307684","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the growing concern on animal welfare in crustacean farming, both from legislative bodies as well as the common public, studies on welfare are limited and transfer to routine farming is missing. While biocertification schemes such as the Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) involve a welfare dimension, these dimensions cannot be communicated to the consumer in a scientifically sound manner. Animal welfare is recognized as integral part of sustainability due to the losses associated with bad animal welfare standards and is considered highly relevant by consumers around the world. On the other hand, increasing animal welfare is also required for the optimisation of aquaculture technology. Behaviour of the animals suggests that decapod crustaceans experience nociception and there are several indications of pain perception as well. Also, distress has rarely been evaluated under routine aquaculture conditions and markers for chronic stress detection need to be identified. Indeed, most work on welfare of crustaceans focuses on cellular, oxidative stress only. Here, a comprehensive assessment of chronic stress should be carried out to optimize rearing technology in nurseries, during ongrowing, harvesting, anesthesia, transportation, and humane slaughter in terms of a good aquaculture practise.","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48881309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：