Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282742022
C. H. A. Lest, A. Vaandrager
{"title":"Mechanism of cell-mediated mineralization","authors":"C. H. A. Lest, A. Vaandrager","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282742022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282742022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"434-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282742022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282BE8F35
L. Tosi
{"title":"Mother was right","authors":"L. Tosi","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282BE8F35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282BE8F35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282BE8F35","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282E6F3DE
T. Kirsch
{"title":"Physiological and pathological mineralization: a complex multifactorial process","authors":"T. Kirsch","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282E6F3DE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282E6F3DE","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"41 1","pages":"425-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282E6F3DE","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282B97118
P. Dimitri, N. Bishop
Rickets is a disease that has plagued communities for centuries. Once thought of as a disease that was left behind in the industrial revolution of the nineteenth century, nutritional rickets is re-emerging as a problem in Western Europe and the US. Reduction in vitamin D and calcium intake in children's diets along with migration of culturally vulnerable groups to more temperate climates have increased, predisposing large populations to vitamin D deficiency and rickets. Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may have both an immediate and longer-term deleterious effect on children. Focus on hypophosphataemic rickets has identified FGF23 as the phosphaturic factor central to renal phosphate loss. Mutations in the dentin matrix protein-1 gene have been implicated in autosomal recessive hypophosphataemic rickets. Rickets is the most common form of metabolic bone disease worldwide. Measures such as adequate sunlight exposure and dietary supplementation are simple but effective in reducing rickets. It is important to target culturally vulnerable groups and pregnant women. Preterm babies form a specific population that is particularly vulnerable to the metabolic consequences of calcium and phosphate deficiency, requiring early intervention.
{"title":"Rickets: new insights into a re-emerging problem","authors":"P. Dimitri, N. Bishop","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282B97118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282B97118","url":null,"abstract":"Rickets is a disease that has plagued communities for centuries. Once thought of as a disease that was left behind in the industrial revolution of the nineteenth century, nutritional rickets is re-emerging as a problem in Western Europe and the US. Reduction in vitamin D and calcium intake in children's diets along with migration of culturally vulnerable groups to more temperate climates have increased, predisposing large populations to vitamin D deficiency and rickets. \u0000Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may have both an immediate and longer-term deleterious effect on children. Focus on hypophosphataemic rickets has identified FGF23 as the phosphaturic factor central to renal phosphate loss. Mutations in the dentin matrix protein-1 gene have been implicated in autosomal recessive hypophosphataemic rickets. \u0000Rickets is the most common form of metabolic bone disease worldwide. Measures such as adequate sunlight exposure and dietary supplementation are simple but effective in reducing rickets. It is important to target culturally vulnerable groups and pregnant women. Preterm babies form a specific population that is particularly vulnerable to the metabolic consequences of calcium and phosphate deficiency, requiring early intervention.","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"486-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282B97118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E328285DFFC
R. Zaka, C. Williams
{"title":"The inorganic phosphate/inorganic pyrophosphate axis in the mineralization of cartilage and bone","authors":"R. Zaka, C. Williams","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E328285DFFC","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E328285DFFC","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"454-459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E328285DFFC","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282A9C162
E. Seeman
{"title":"Bone??s material and structural strength","authors":"E. Seeman","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282A9C162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282A9C162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"494-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282A9C162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282BA54C4
Naina Sinha, R. Bockman
{"title":"The impact of bariatric surgery on bone metabolism","authors":"Naina Sinha, R. Bockman","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282BA54C4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282BA54C4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"505-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282BA54C4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E328285DFE8
C. Thouverey, F. Bleicher, J. Bandorowicz-Pikula
{"title":"Extracellular ATP and its effects on physiological and pathological mineralization","authors":"C. Thouverey, F. Bleicher, J. Bandorowicz-Pikula","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E328285DFE8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E328285DFE8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"460-466"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E328285DFE8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282748EBD
Kristen A. Johnson
Transglutaminases have been identified for more than 60 years, but it was not until recently that the functions of these enzymes began to be understood. Currently, transglutaminases are accepted to be modulators of both osteoblastic and chondrocytic mineralization. This review details recent findings regarding this action of transglutaminases, primarily transglutaminase-2 and factor XIIIA, in both physiologic and pathologic mineralization of bone and cartilage. Osteoblast and chondrocyte mineralization is stimulated by the presence of extracellular factor XIIIA or transglutaminase-2. Specifically, the binding of transglutaminase-2 to GTP is critical for maximal induction of type X collagen expression and matrix calcification in articular chondrocytes. Furthermore, these enzymes can modulate collagen expression and therefore the related terminal cell differentiation events. Finally recent work suggests that transglutaminases are responsible for modifying other proteins to promote mineral deposition. The mechanism of transglutaminase-induced mineralization is critical to our understanding and potential modulation of pathologic mineralization events. Elucidation of these events could promote new disease-modifying therapies for the hypertrophic differentiation and mineralization found in osteoarthritic cartilage as well as other soft tissue calcification disorders.
{"title":"Transglutaminase modification of the matrix through promotion of calcification","authors":"Kristen A. Johnson","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282748EBD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282748EBD","url":null,"abstract":"Transglutaminases have been identified for more than 60 years, but it was not until recently that the functions of these enzymes began to be understood. Currently, transglutaminases are accepted to be modulators of both osteoblastic and chondrocytic mineralization. This review details recent findings regarding this action of transglutaminases, primarily transglutaminase-2 and factor XIIIA, in both physiologic and pathologic mineralization of bone and cartilage. \u0000Osteoblast and chondrocyte mineralization is stimulated by the presence of extracellular factor XIIIA or transglutaminase-2. Specifically, the binding of transglutaminase-2 to GTP is critical for maximal induction of type X collagen expression and matrix calcification in articular chondrocytes. Furthermore, these enzymes can modulate collagen expression and therefore the related terminal cell differentiation events. Finally recent work suggests that transglutaminases are responsible for modifying other proteins to promote mineral deposition. \u0000The mechanism of transglutaminase-induced mineralization is critical to our understanding and potential modulation of pathologic mineralization events. Elucidation of these events could promote new disease-modifying therapies for the hypertrophic differentiation and mineralization found in osteoarthritic cartilage as well as other soft tissue calcification disorders.","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"467-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E3282748EBD","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1097/BCO.0B013E32825E1D84
A. Rosenthal
Purpose of reviewMineralization of the extracellular matrix is crucial for the development and maintenance of healthy bones and teeth, but also contributes to the pathologic calcification seen in atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, and nephrolithiasis. Extracellular matrix participates in both normal a
{"title":"The role of noncollagenous proteins in mineralization","authors":"A. Rosenthal","doi":"10.1097/BCO.0B013E32825E1D84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/BCO.0B013E32825E1D84","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of reviewMineralization of the extracellular matrix is crucial for the development and maintenance of healthy bones and teeth, but also contributes to the pathologic calcification seen in atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, and nephrolithiasis. Extracellular matrix participates in both normal a","PeriodicalId":81061,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in orthopaedics","volume":"18 1","pages":"449-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/BCO.0B013E32825E1D84","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62100305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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