This work aims to analyze reproductive attributes of the species Neoplecostomus microps (Steindachner, 1877), a well-known species of the catfish family Loricariidae but little con - templated in ecological studies. We describe the reproductive behavior of the species and compare the patterns identified in 2 different basins. The specimens (117 males and 102 females), collected in the Macae River, did not present a bias in sex ratio during the year. In the largest length classes, males predominated and attained earlier maturity than females. The length−weight relationship showed positive allometric growth for both sexes. The variation of the gonadosomatic index and frequency of maturation stages indicated a reproductive period of 4 to 6 mo, starting in September and reaching a peak in November. The mean absolute fecundity was 43.83 (SD = 7.62) oocytes, ranging from 32 to 55 oocytes. The frequency distribution of oocyte diameter of mature ovaries revealed 3 clutches, suggesting batch spawning. A prolonged reproductive period, low fecundity, large eggs, possible parental care, and repeated spawns recorded for N. microps suggest a strategy that maximizes parental fitness. The population structure and reproductive characteristics of this species indicate a tendency toward equilibrium. The early maturation in females in the Macae River population may favor a more rapid replacement of juveniles in the population as a response to the unstable environmental conditions that the population experiences in the rainy season.
{"title":"Reproductive biology of the armored catfish Neoplecostomus microps in a coastal Atlantic Forest stream, southeastern Brazil","authors":"Víctor de Carvalho Alves, M. Brito, É. Caramaschi","doi":"10.3354/AB00706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/AB00706","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to analyze reproductive attributes of the species Neoplecostomus microps (Steindachner, 1877), a well-known species of the catfish family Loricariidae but little con - \u0000templated in ecological studies. We describe the reproductive behavior of the species and compare \u0000the patterns identified in 2 different basins. The specimens (117 males and 102 females), collected \u0000in the Macae River, did not present a bias in sex ratio during the year. In the largest length classes, \u0000males predominated and attained earlier maturity than females. The length−weight relationship \u0000showed positive allometric growth for both sexes. The variation of the gonadosomatic index and \u0000frequency of maturation stages indicated a reproductive period of 4 to 6 mo, starting in September \u0000and reaching a peak in November. The mean absolute fecundity was 43.83 (SD = 7.62) oocytes, \u0000ranging from 32 to 55 oocytes. The frequency distribution of oocyte diameter of mature ovaries \u0000revealed 3 clutches, suggesting batch spawning. A prolonged reproductive period, low fecundity, \u0000large eggs, possible parental care, and repeated spawns recorded for N. microps suggest a strategy \u0000that maximizes parental fitness. The population structure and reproductive characteristics of this \u0000species indicate a tendency toward equilibrium. The early maturation in females in the Macae River \u0000population may favor a more rapid replacement of juveniles in the population as a response to the \u0000unstable environmental conditions that the population experiences in the rainy season.","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83866994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Impacts on growth rates from exposure to ammonium (NH4) and nitrate (NO3), at non-limiting concentrations, in combination with irradiances varying from 25 to 600 μmol photons m−2 s−1 were investigated in the pelagic diatom Thalassiosira weisflogii and the benthic diatom Entomoneis paludosa recently isolated from Suisun Bay in northern San Francisco Bay. Growth rates were higher in T. weisflogii (0.76 ± 0.3 d−1) compared with E. paludosa (0.58 ± 0.2 d−1) across all irradiances and nitrogen (N) treatments. Differences in growth rates with N source were regulated by irradiance in both diatoms and were greatest at the intermediate irradiance due to saturation of rates at 85 μmol photons m−2 s−1 when growing on NH4 and at 200 μmol photons m−2 s−1 when growing on NO3. Notable physiological differences between these 2 diatoms included a larger range in the quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and in chlorophyll a per cell as a function of irradiance in T. weissflogii compared with E. paludosa. In addition, a negative inter action of high NH4 concentration (1000 μmol l−1) and irradiance (≥200 μmol photons m−2 s−1) was observed on growth rates in E. paludosa that was not evident in T. weissflogii. Differences in physiological parameters of these diatoms are discussed in relation to their distributions and frequency of occurrence in Suisun Bay.
{"title":"Effects of nitrogen source, concentration, and irradiance on growth rates of two diatoms endemic to northern San Francisco Bay","authors":"G. Berg, S. Driscoll, K. Hayashi, R. Kudela","doi":"10.3354/AB00708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/AB00708","url":null,"abstract":"Impacts on growth rates from exposure to ammonium (NH4) and nitrate (NO3), at non-limiting concentrations, in combination with irradiances varying from 25 to 600 μmol photons m−2 s−1 were investigated in the pelagic diatom Thalassiosira weisflogii and the benthic diatom Entomoneis paludosa recently isolated from Suisun Bay in northern San Francisco Bay. Growth rates were higher in T. weisflogii (0.76 ± 0.3 d−1) compared with E. paludosa (0.58 ± 0.2 d−1) across all irradiances and nitrogen (N) treatments. Differences in growth rates with N source were regulated by irradiance in both diatoms and were greatest at the intermediate irradiance due to saturation of rates at 85 μmol photons m−2 s−1 when growing on NH4 and at 200 μmol photons m−2 s−1 when growing on NO3. Notable physiological differences between these 2 diatoms included a larger range in the quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and in chlorophyll a per cell as a function of irradiance in T. weissflogii compared with E. paludosa. In addition, a negative inter action of high NH4 concentration (1000 μmol l−1) and irradiance (≥200 μmol photons m−2 s−1) was observed on growth rates in E. paludosa that was not evident in T. weissflogii. Differences in physiological parameters of these diatoms are discussed in relation to their distributions and frequency of occurrence in Suisun Bay.","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81258072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phenotypic plasticity and epigenetics of fish: embryo temperature affects later-developing life-history traits","authors":"B. Jonsson, N. Jonsson","doi":"10.3354/AB00707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/AB00707","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91303551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Broadbent, Sarah E. Grasty, R. Hardy, Margaret M. Lamont, Kristen M. Hart, C. Lembke, Jennifer L. Brizzolara, S. Murawski
The use of marine offshore benthic habitats by sea turtles is poorly characterized due to the difficulty of obtaining in situ data. Understanding benthic habitat use that is important to the species’ reproduction, foraging, and migrations is critical for guiding management decisions. A towed camera-based assessment survey system (C-BASS) equipped with environmental sensors was used to characterize and assess benthic habitats on the West Florida Shelf (WFS) from 2014 to 2018. During these cruises, sea turtles were opportunistically observed during the surveys, and critical in situ data such as spatiotemporal information, species identification, habitat use, behavior, and environmental data were collected and evaluated. In total, 79 sea turtles were observed during 97 transects of approximately 2700 km of seafloor, which was recorded on 380 h of video. Several sea turtle species were spotted within the WFS, including loggerhead Caretta caretta, Kemp’s ridley Lepidochelys kempii, and green turtles Chelonia mydas. These opportunistic sightings revealed an area of high use on the WFS, an anthropogenic structure known as the Gulfstream natural gas pipeline (GSPL). C-BASS survey results suggest that 2 sea turtle species (C. caretta and L. kempii) utilize this artificial structure primarily as a resting area. We emphasize the importance of combining habitat mapping techniques (towed underwater video and multibeam bathymetry/backscatter) with tracking technology to better understand the fine-scale habitat use of sea turtles.
{"title":"West Florida Shelf pipeline serves as sea turtle benthic habitat based on in situ towed camera observations","authors":"H. Broadbent, Sarah E. Grasty, R. Hardy, Margaret M. Lamont, Kristen M. Hart, C. Lembke, Jennifer L. Brizzolara, S. Murawski","doi":"10.3354/ab00722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00722","url":null,"abstract":"The use of marine offshore benthic habitats by sea turtles is poorly characterized due to the difficulty of obtaining in situ data. Understanding benthic habitat use that is important to the species’ reproduction, foraging, and migrations is critical for guiding management decisions. A towed camera-based assessment survey system (C-BASS) equipped with environmental sensors was used to characterize and assess benthic habitats on the West Florida Shelf (WFS) from 2014 to 2018. During these cruises, sea turtles were opportunistically observed during the surveys, and critical in situ data such as spatiotemporal information, species identification, habitat use, behavior, and environmental data were collected and evaluated. In total, 79 sea turtles were observed during 97 transects of approximately 2700 km of seafloor, which was recorded on 380 h of video. Several sea turtle species were spotted within the WFS, including loggerhead Caretta caretta, Kemp’s ridley Lepidochelys kempii, and green turtles Chelonia mydas. These opportunistic sightings revealed an area of high use on the WFS, an anthropogenic structure known as the Gulfstream natural gas pipeline (GSPL). C-BASS survey results suggest that 2 sea turtle species (C. caretta and L. kempii) utilize this artificial structure primarily as a resting area. We emphasize the importance of combining habitat mapping techniques (towed underwater video and multibeam bathymetry/backscatter) with tracking technology to better understand the fine-scale habitat use of sea turtles.","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80636588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intersex in gonochoristic species is a reproductive abnormality in which an individual produces gametes of the type normally associated with the opposite sex. To investigate the prevalence of intersex in male lionfish Pterois spp., 884 individuals were collected from the Bahamas and North Carolina between 2004 and 2008. Histological sections of testes were scored for the presence or absence of oocytes. In intersex individuals, the number of oocytes, size, and developmental stage was recorded. The prevalence of intersex was approximately 15% and, along with all other measured metrics describing the condition, did not significantly differ between the 2 locations. Most of the intersex males displayed only primary-stage oocytes embedded in structurally normal gonadal tissue. However, 3 fish from the Bahamas exhibited oocytes of all developmental stages and complete restructuring of the gonadal tissue that is atypical of both male and female lionfish. This study is the first extensive report of intersex in lionfish, and the first in a gonochoristic reef fish.
{"title":"Intersex in male invasive Atlantic lionfish, Pterois spp.","authors":"D. G. Matthews, J. Morris","doi":"10.3354/AB00705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/AB00705","url":null,"abstract":"Intersex in gonochoristic species is a reproductive abnormality in which an individual produces gametes of the type normally associated with the opposite sex. To investigate the prevalence of intersex in male lionfish Pterois spp., 884 individuals were collected from the Bahamas and North Carolina between 2004 and 2008. Histological sections of testes were scored for the presence or absence of oocytes. In intersex individuals, the number of oocytes, size, and developmental stage was recorded. The prevalence of intersex was approximately 15% and, along with all other measured metrics describing the condition, did not significantly differ between the 2 locations. Most of the intersex males displayed only primary-stage oocytes embedded in structurally normal gonadal tissue. However, 3 fish from the Bahamas exhibited oocytes of all developmental stages and complete restructuring of the gonadal tissue that is atypical of both male and female lionfish. This study is the first extensive report of intersex in lionfish, and the first in a gonochoristic reef fish.","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84993873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Monti-Birkenmeier, MB Berden Zrimec, L. Drinovec, A. Beran, A. Zrimec, B. Cataletto, S Fonda Umani
The aim of this work was to test whether salinity is the driving factor for size and physiological differences in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum. Three strains, isolated from 3 sites with different salinities (the central Baltic Sea, Sweden, salinity 8; Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA, salinity 16; and the Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea, Italy, salinity 32), were included in this study. Following their molecular and morphological characterisation, specific growth rates and dimensions were examined for each strain cultivated at all 3 salinities (i.e. 8, 16 and 32). The Adriatic strain always showed the largest cells and the Baltic strain the smallest. Adriatic and American strains showed lower specific growth rates at salinity 8 and highest at salinity 16. The Baltic strain growth rates were similar at all salinities. As salinity 16 proved to be optimal for the strains, additional parameters were further compared at this salinity: cell volume, particulate organic carbon, particulate nitrogen, delayed fluorescence and in vivo chl a fluorescence. The Adriatic strain had the highest particulate organic carbon, particulate nitrogen, and delayed and in vivo fluorescence. Conversely, the Baltic strain had the lowest values. Although the strains had different specific growth rates with respect to salinity, this was not the main driving factor for the different sizes and photosynthetic activity among the strains. Thus, although there was low genetic variability among strains from the 3 geographical areas, intraspecific variability was suggested.
{"title":"Influence of salinity on growth and cell volume in three strains of Prorocentrum cordatum (Dinophyceae)","authors":"Marina Monti-Birkenmeier, MB Berden Zrimec, L. Drinovec, A. Beran, A. Zrimec, B. Cataletto, S Fonda Umani","doi":"10.3354/AB00704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/AB00704","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to test whether salinity is the driving factor for size and physiological differences in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum. Three strains, isolated from 3 sites with different salinities (the central Baltic Sea, Sweden, salinity 8; Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA, salinity 16; and the Gulf of Trieste, northern Adriatic Sea, Italy, salinity 32), were included in this study. Following their molecular and morphological characterisation, specific growth rates and dimensions were examined for each strain cultivated at all 3 salinities (i.e. 8, 16 and 32). The Adriatic strain always showed the largest cells and the Baltic strain the smallest. Adriatic and American strains showed lower specific growth rates at salinity 8 and highest at salinity 16. The Baltic strain growth rates were similar at all salinities. As salinity 16 proved to be optimal for the strains, additional parameters were further compared at this salinity: cell volume, particulate organic carbon, particulate nitrogen, delayed fluorescence and in vivo chl a fluorescence. The Adriatic strain had the highest particulate organic carbon, particulate nitrogen, and delayed and in vivo fluorescence. Conversely, the Baltic strain had the lowest values. Although the strains had different specific growth rates with respect to salinity, this was not the main driving factor for the different sizes and photosynthetic activity among the strains. Thus, although there was low genetic variability among strains from the 3 geographical areas, intraspecific variability was suggested.","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83272031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lu Cai, Yiqun Hou, David Johnson, Ping Zhao, Peng Zhang
To mitigate the impact of river fragmentation on fish resulting from dams, specifically the fragmentation of Indian rivers, the design and construction of high-efficiency fishways is important. Information on fish swimming ability and behavior is necessary to develop design criteria for the target species, Cirrhinus mrigala, a cyprinid native to India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Swimming ability and behavior data for the genus are limited. To augment existing information, the swimming ability and behavior of juvenile C. mrigala were investigated by determining their induced flow velocity (Uind), critical swimming speed (Ucrit), and burst speed (Uburst) in a swimming respirometer. To facilitate application to fishway design, swimming assessment data were converted to a cumulative response; for Uind, it is the cumulative percentage of fish swimming against the current at a given velocity, and for Ucrit and Uburst, it is the percentage of fish able to maintain a given velocity for the specified time interval without fatigue. Results include 2 primary findings. (1) The cumulative response velocity (%) of fish induced to swim, or reach fatigue, increased with flow velocity. The cumulative velocity is useful for developing fishway design criteria. (2) The mean values of Uind, Ucrit, and Uburst were 0.427 ± 0.013, 2.768 ± 0.146 and 3.493 ± 0.121 body lengths s−1 (±SE). The values of Ucrit and Uburst indicate that the swimming ability of C. mrigala is relatively low for a cyprinid.
{"title":"Swimming ability and behavior of Mrigal carp Cirrhinus mrigala and application to fishway design","authors":"Lu Cai, Yiqun Hou, David Johnson, Ping Zhao, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.3354/AB00702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/AB00702","url":null,"abstract":"To mitigate the impact of river fragmentation on fish resulting from dams, specifically the fragmentation of Indian rivers, the design and construction of high-efficiency fishways is important. Information on fish swimming ability and behavior is necessary to develop design criteria for the target species, Cirrhinus mrigala, a cyprinid native to India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Swimming ability and behavior data for the genus are limited. To augment existing information, the swimming ability and behavior of juvenile C. mrigala were investigated by determining their induced flow velocity (Uind), critical swimming speed (Ucrit), and burst speed (Uburst) in a swimming respirometer. To facilitate application to fishway design, swimming assessment data were converted to a cumulative response; for Uind, it is the cumulative percentage of fish swimming against the current at a given velocity, and for Ucrit and Uburst, it is the percentage of fish able to maintain a given velocity for the specified time interval without fatigue. Results include 2 primary findings. (1) The cumulative response velocity (%) of fish induced to swim, or reach fatigue, increased with flow velocity. The cumulative velocity is useful for developing fishway design criteria. (2) The mean values of Uind, Ucrit, and Uburst were 0.427 ± 0.013, 2.768 ± 0.146 and 3.493 ± 0.121 body lengths s−1 (±SE). The values of Ucrit and Uburst indicate that the swimming ability of C. mrigala is relatively low for a cyprinid.","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73516687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. C. Comba González, ML Ramírez Hoyos, L. López Kleine, D. Montoya Castaño
{"title":"Production of enzymes and siderophores by epiphytic bacteria isolated from the marine macroalga Ulva lactuca","authors":"N. C. Comba González, ML Ramírez Hoyos, L. López Kleine, D. Montoya Castaño","doi":"10.3354/ab00700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/ab00700","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80780952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Matsumoto, K. Yatsuya, Ayumi Nakatsubo, H. Takami
{"title":"A biologging technique for monitoring the egg-releasing behavior of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai in the wild","authors":"Y. Matsumoto, K. Yatsuya, Ayumi Nakatsubo, H. Takami","doi":"10.3354/AB00703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/AB00703","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83357068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. G. Þorbjörnsson, J. H. Ólafsdóttir, B. Kristjánsson
Although numerous methods have been developed for SCUBA diver-operated sampling, few are suitable for sampling complex physical substrates. Sites such as groundwater springs sometimes have narrow sections along with uneven vertical and horizontal rock substrates at various depths. Here we developed a SCUBA diver-operated suction pump sampling system, designed for the sampling of benthic material on morphologically complex substrates. The sampler was designed to be simple to use in an already gear-heavy operation. The device is attached to the diver, making it a suitable tool for work on vertical substrates, and can be operated by 1 person. We compared the macrozoobenthic sampling yield and usability of the suction pump sampler to a Surber sampler that was modified for use while diving. Samples taken with the suction pump sampler had an overall greater macrozoobenthic density and species richness than samples taken with the modified Surber sampler. Sampling was more efficient with the suction pump sampler, as sampling containers were easily replaced underwater, whereas the modified Surber needed to be transported to the surface and its sample fixed before the next sample could be taken. Various modifications of the suction pump sampler are possible, depending on the objective of the sampling process, and it can be constructed with inexpensive and readily available materials. The suction pump sampler presented here further allows researchers in the field of marine and freshwater ecology to accurately sample the benthic habitat, including habitats where physical complexity may previously have prevented sampling.
{"title":"Diver-operated manual suction pump sampler: a reliable method for sampling benthos on rock substrates","authors":"J. G. Þorbjörnsson, J. H. Ólafsdóttir, B. Kristjánsson","doi":"10.3354/AB00699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3354/AB00699","url":null,"abstract":"Although numerous methods have been developed for SCUBA diver-operated sampling, few are suitable for sampling complex physical substrates. Sites such as groundwater springs sometimes have narrow sections along with uneven vertical and horizontal rock substrates at various depths. Here we developed a SCUBA diver-operated suction pump sampling system, designed for the sampling of benthic material on morphologically complex substrates. The sampler was designed to be simple to use in an already gear-heavy operation. The device is attached to the diver, making it a suitable tool for work on vertical substrates, and can be operated by 1 person. We compared the macrozoobenthic sampling yield and usability of the suction pump sampler to a Surber sampler that was modified for use while diving. Samples taken with the suction pump sampler had an overall greater macrozoobenthic density and species richness than samples taken with the modified Surber sampler. Sampling was more efficient with the suction pump sampler, as sampling containers were easily replaced underwater, whereas the modified Surber needed to be transported to the surface and its sample fixed before the next sample could be taken. Various modifications of the suction pump sampler are possible, depending on the objective of the sampling process, and it can be constructed with inexpensive and readily available materials. The suction pump sampler presented here further allows researchers in the field of marine and freshwater ecology to accurately sample the benthic habitat, including habitats where physical complexity may previously have prevented sampling.","PeriodicalId":8111,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75767454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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