The son of an early East Tennessee settler, James Gettys McGready Ramsey saw it as his patriotic and filial duty to collect, preserve, and disseminate his knowledge and grand vision of the pioneer generation to scholars, whom he believed had overlooked the region's important contributions to American history. Although an 1863 fire destroyed his collections, Ramsey's work with state and local historical societies, his correspondence with historian and fellow collector Lyman C. Draper, and the 1853 publication of his Annals of Tennessee continue to influence the compilation and interpretation of the region's historical record.
作为早期东田纳西州定居者的儿子，詹姆斯·盖提斯·麦克格雷迪·拉姆齐认为，收集、保存并向学者们传播他对拓荒者一代的知识和宏伟愿景是他的爱国和孝道责任，他认为这些学者忽视了该地区对美国历史的重要贡献。虽然1863年的一场大火摧毁了他的收藏，但拉姆齐与州和地方历史学会的合作，他与历史学家和收藏家Lyman C. Draper的通信，以及1853年出版的《田纳西州编年史》继续影响着该地区历史记录的编纂和解释。
{"title":"\"Let us hasten to redeem the time that is lost\": J. G. M. Ramsey's Role in the Collection and Promotion of Tennessee History","authors":"Erin Lawrimore","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0059","url":null,"abstract":"The son of an early East Tennessee settler, James Gettys McGready Ramsey saw it as his patriotic and filial duty to collect, preserve, and disseminate his knowledge and grand vision of the pioneer generation to scholars, whom he believed had overlooked the region's important contributions to American history. Although an 1863 fire destroyed his collections, Ramsey's work with state and local historical societies, his correspondence with historian and fellow collector Lyman C. Draper, and the 1853 publication of his Annals of Tennessee continue to influence the compilation and interpretation of the region's historical record.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"419 - 437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66800028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caught up in a changing environment, pressured to keep up with new technology and to catch up with the for-profit sector, librarians may find it difficult to reflect on their profession’s past. Preparing to enter this fast-paced world of practice, LIS students may feel they have little time to study library history. I would suggest, however, that an understanding of our past is an integral part of our professional culture. The history of our institutions and of our predecessors is our intellectual endowment, a strategic asset, essential to our shared professional identity and continued strength. Lacking historical perspective, our students may not see what is unique and important about the work of libraries and librarians. Without the context that history provides, they may fail to understand the professional nature of librarianship, its contribution to society, and the values for which it stands. In preparing future professionals, our LIS programs provide students with technical know-how, inculcate them with a commitment to service, and equip them with an ethical compass. When we are threatened by an overemphasis on one or another of these elements, historical examples can help us right the balance among civic obligation, technological expertise, and ethical practice—three central aspects of “profession.” 1 My own exploration of American librarianship from 1926 to 1956 suggests how our history can serve as an essential component of professional education and a continuing source of lessons and examples to guide future practitioners. It examines an era of social and technological change much like our own. As today, librarians struggled to define their role amidst competition from new media and information providers. This period witnessed the transformation of America from a rural to an urban and suburban nation, the economic dislocation of the Great Depression, the political upheavals of World War II and the cold war, and the growing popularity of film, radio, and television. For librarians,
{"title":"\"Louder Please\": Using Historical Research to Foster Professional Identity in LIS Students","authors":"Jean L. Preer","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0064","url":null,"abstract":"Caught up in a changing environment, pressured to keep up with new technology and to catch up with the for-profit sector, librarians may find it difficult to reflect on their profession’s past. Preparing to enter this fast-paced world of practice, LIS students may feel they have little time to study library history. I would suggest, however, that an understanding of our past is an integral part of our professional culture. The history of our institutions and of our predecessors is our intellectual endowment, a strategic asset, essential to our shared professional identity and continued strength. Lacking historical perspective, our students may not see what is unique and important about the work of libraries and librarians. Without the context that history provides, they may fail to understand the professional nature of librarianship, its contribution to society, and the values for which it stands. In preparing future professionals, our LIS programs provide students with technical know-how, inculcate them with a commitment to service, and equip them with an ethical compass. When we are threatened by an overemphasis on one or another of these elements, historical examples can help us right the balance among civic obligation, technological expertise, and ethical practice—three central aspects of “profession.” 1 My own exploration of American librarianship from 1926 to 1956 suggests how our history can serve as an essential component of professional education and a continuing source of lessons and examples to guide future practitioners. It examines an era of social and technological change much like our own. As today, librarians struggled to define their role amidst competition from new media and information providers. This period witnessed the transformation of America from a rural to an urban and suburban nation, the economic dislocation of the Great Depression, the political upheavals of World War II and the cold war, and the growing popularity of film, radio, and television. For librarians,","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"487 - 496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66800295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intent of this article is to present an overview and analysis of the development of public libraries for African Americans in the South during the era of de jure segregation and through the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Written from the perspective of an educational historian, the essay seeks to discern salient continuities and discontinuities in the growth and desegregation of both public libraries and public schools in the South and within this broadened context to push both fields beyond the topical blinders that have too often characterized their separate historical investigations.
{"title":"Black Public Libraries in the South in the Era of De Jure Segregation","authors":"Michael Fultz","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0042","url":null,"abstract":"The intent of this article is to present an overview and analysis of the development of public libraries for African Americans in the South during the era of de jure segregation and through the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Written from the perspective of an educational historian, the essay seeks to discern salient continuities and discontinuities in the growth and desegregation of both public libraries and public schools in the South and within this broadened context to push both fields beyond the topical blinders that have too often characterized their separate historical investigations.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"337 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66798474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In August 2002 a massive flood struck the Czech capital city of Prague, inundating the collections of the National Library of the Czech Republic and the Prague Municipal Library. The librarians from these institutions and others in the Czech Republic had to respond quickly during a natural disaster. Despite the chaos and lack of preparation, Czech librarians and archivists were able to send a significant percentage of their flooded collections to be frozen, thus staving off immediate destruction of these historic collections by water or mold. Once the materials were frozen, librarians had to decide the best way to thaw and disinfect the items so that these materials could be used again. Influenced partly by cost, Czech librarians chose an experimental method over standard methods such as vacuum packing or vacuum freeze drying to treat the bulk of the frozen library materials. This essay traces the preservation decisions that librarians at two institutions, the National Library and the Prague Municipal Library, made during and after the flood to save their unique and historical collections.
{"title":"The Prague Library Floods of 2002: Crisis and Experimentation","authors":"Emily J Ray","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0054","url":null,"abstract":"In August 2002 a massive flood struck the Czech capital city of Prague, inundating the collections of the National Library of the Czech Republic and the Prague Municipal Library. The librarians from these institutions and others in the Czech Republic had to respond quickly during a natural disaster. Despite the chaos and lack of preparation, Czech librarians and archivists were able to send a significant percentage of their flooded collections to be frozen, thus staving off immediate destruction of these historic collections by water or mold. Once the materials were frozen, librarians had to decide the best way to thaw and disinfect the items so that these materials could be used again. Influenced partly by cost, Czech librarians chose an experimental method over standard methods such as vacuum packing or vacuum freeze drying to treat the bulk of the frozen library materials. This essay traces the preservation decisions that librarians at two institutions, the National Library and the Prague Municipal Library, made during and after the flood to save their unique and historical collections.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"381 - 391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
the index, so his edition of this work, the second English, may not be clear to the reader who doesn’t notice it on page 6. Although grounded in fi rm scholarship, this is not a book every library will want, but collectors and scholars of Masefi eld, of twentieth-century literature (and its recordings and ephemera), of the English laureateship, and of bibliography will be rewarded by spending time in this great ark of the great auk.
{"title":"Variants 23: Reading Notes (review)","authors":"T. Nikolova-Houston","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0037","url":null,"abstract":"the index, so his edition of this work, the second English, may not be clear to the reader who doesn’t notice it on page 6. Although grounded in fi rm scholarship, this is not a book every library will want, but collectors and scholars of Masefi eld, of twentieth-century literature (and its recordings and ephemera), of the English laureateship, and of bibliography will be rewarded by spending time in this great ark of the great auk.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"2677 1","pages":"412 - 413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66798697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
controversies about cultural restitution. In a more contemporary sense, however, “paper, talk” can also be read as an imperative that cultural texts speak to Indigenous lives and communities. While Edwards does not directly address “the post1960 . . . concern over perceived lack of Aboriginal [library] patronage” (168), he contextualizes that concern. All the current stakeholders—Canadians, librarians, cultural historians, and, not least, politicians and Indigenous peoples engaged in a digital age in which both the promise of access and the expense of ownership have risen dramatically—ought to read this learned and passionate book.
{"title":"Lost Sounds: Blacks and the Birth of the Recording Industry, 1890-1919 (review)","authors":"Emma Louise Kilkelly","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0047","url":null,"abstract":"controversies about cultural restitution. In a more contemporary sense, however, “paper, talk” can also be read as an imperative that cultural texts speak to Indigenous lives and communities. While Edwards does not directly address “the post1960 . . . concern over perceived lack of Aboriginal [library] patronage” (168), he contextualizes that concern. All the current stakeholders—Canadians, librarians, cultural historians, and, not least, politicians and Indigenous peoples engaged in a digital age in which both the promise of access and the expense of ownership have risen dramatically—ought to read this learned and passionate book.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"417 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
how people outside of organizations do most of the security checking for internally produced programs is pretty scary. The essays in Information Ethics in the Electronic Age originated as presentations at the “Ethics of Electronic Information in the 21st Century” symposium in 2002. They deal with the very serious ways in which, as editor Tom Mendina describes it, “information and information technology often seem to exceed, even contradict or oppose, the purposes of their creators” (2). In the pieces in section 1, “Africa,” these confl icts are invariably politically fraught: the commercial use of Indigenous knowledge in developing countries; the right of access to information for all; linking developing countries with the outside world; and the lack of infrastructure to support Internet development. Sections 2 and 3, “Information Organizations and the Handling of Information” and “Information Issues in the Post-Nine-Eleven World,” return to the more familiar territory of cybercrime, copyright, privacy, and educating information professionals about ethics and the electronic environment. Two thought-provoking contributions (curiously placed in different sections) are Douglas Raber’s “Is Universal Service a Universal Right?” and Alistair S. Duff’s “For a New Nanny State.” Both bring earlier discussions of civil liberties and responsibilities to bear on present-day issues.
组织外的人如何对内部生成的程序进行大部分安全检查是相当可怕的。电子时代的信息伦理论文起源于2002年“21世纪电子信息伦理”研讨会上的演讲。它们以非常严肃的方式处理，正如编辑汤姆·门迪纳(Tom Mendina)所描述的那样，“信息和信息技术似乎经常超出，甚至与它们的创造者的目的相矛盾或相反”(2)。在第一节“非洲”的文章中，这些冲突总是充满政治色彩:发展中国家对土著知识的商业利用;人人享有获取信息的权利;发展中国家与外部世界的联系;以及缺乏支持互联网发展的基础设施。第二节和第三节，“信息组织和信息处理”和“后9 - 11世界的信息问题”，回到了网络犯罪、版权、隐私和教育信息专业人员关于道德和电子环境的更熟悉的领域。两篇发人深省的文章(奇怪地放在不同的章节)是道格拉斯·雷伯的《全民服务是一种普遍权利吗?》以及阿利斯泰尔·s·达夫(Alistair S. Duff)的《为了一个新的保姆国家》。两者都把早期关于公民自由和责任的讨论带到当今的问题上。
{"title":"Perspectives, Insights & Priorities: 17 Leaders Speak Freely of Librarianship (review)","authors":"J. Johnston","doi":"10.1353/lac.2006.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/lac.2006.0045","url":null,"abstract":"how people outside of organizations do most of the security checking for internally produced programs is pretty scary. The essays in Information Ethics in the Electronic Age originated as presentations at the “Ethics of Electronic Information in the 21st Century” symposium in 2002. They deal with the very serious ways in which, as editor Tom Mendina describes it, “information and information technology often seem to exceed, even contradict or oppose, the purposes of their creators” (2). In the pieces in section 1, “Africa,” these confl icts are invariably politically fraught: the commercial use of Indigenous knowledge in developing countries; the right of access to information for all; linking developing countries with the outside world; and the lack of infrastructure to support Internet development. Sections 2 and 3, “Information Organizations and the Handling of Information” and “Information Issues in the Post-Nine-Eleven World,” return to the more familiar territory of cybercrime, copyright, privacy, and educating information professionals about ethics and the electronic environment. Two thought-provoking contributions (curiously placed in different sections) are Douglas Raber’s “Is Universal Service a Universal Right?” and Alistair S. Duff’s “For a New Nanny State.” Both bring earlier discussions of civil liberties and responsibilities to bear on present-day issues.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"414 - 415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/lac.2006.0045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The preservation of government records has been a natural activity of governments since the establishment of the first government. The earliest libraries were really archives of government documents, includ ing the records of rituals that kings performed to assure the favor of the gods. Those documents made up the collections of the first libraries in Mesopotamia, dating to about 1500 bc, and of the classics on which Chinese civilization has rested for more than three thousand years. Historians rely on the government records preserved in those librar ies and classical works?truly they are anthologies?to reconstruct the ancient cultures that produced them. For them, government records are cultural records. They still are, but when we moderns talk about the cultural record, we have in mind a much broader range of cultural productions than those produced by government, even a government that had religious as well as secular functions. The word "culture" now calls forth notions of social class and func tion. We speak of political cultures, of the arts, of social practices, and of mentalites, to borrow a useful French term. We speak of high-, middle-, and low-brow culture. To a significant extent "culture" has become a weapon of mass distinctions of the social sort, and in the United States the reaction of some people to the word is a product of our egalitarian ism and populism. The word bears the burden of what its user thinks of academics, of aesthetes, of modern artists and composers, of all those big-city folk who don't think life exists beyond the city limits?or, con versely, of blue-collar workers, rural folks, and Lawrence Welk and his musical descendants. The William and Margaret Kilgarlin Center for Preservation of the Cultural Record must establish a meaning for the term culture in order to organize and carry out its work. Its definition of the word must sail above social and political value judgments and find a meaning that is broader than one that only denotes the arts or the peculiar mores of
{"title":"To Represent Us Truly: The Job and Context of Preserving the Cultural Record","authors":"Stanley Chodorow","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0040","url":null,"abstract":"The preservation of government records has been a natural activity of governments since the establishment of the first government. The earliest libraries were really archives of government documents, includ ing the records of rituals that kings performed to assure the favor of the gods. Those documents made up the collections of the first libraries in Mesopotamia, dating to about 1500 bc, and of the classics on which Chinese civilization has rested for more than three thousand years. Historians rely on the government records preserved in those librar ies and classical works?truly they are anthologies?to reconstruct the ancient cultures that produced them. For them, government records are cultural records. They still are, but when we moderns talk about the cultural record, we have in mind a much broader range of cultural productions than those produced by government, even a government that had religious as well as secular functions. The word \"culture\" now calls forth notions of social class and func tion. We speak of political cultures, of the arts, of social practices, and of mentalites, to borrow a useful French term. We speak of high-, middle-, and low-brow culture. To a significant extent \"culture\" has become a weapon of mass distinctions of the social sort, and in the United States the reaction of some people to the word is a product of our egalitarian ism and populism. The word bears the burden of what its user thinks of academics, of aesthetes, of modern artists and composers, of all those big-city folk who don't think life exists beyond the city limits?or, con versely, of blue-collar workers, rural folks, and Lawrence Welk and his musical descendants. The William and Margaret Kilgarlin Center for Preservation of the Cultural Record must establish a meaning for the term culture in order to organize and carry out its work. Its definition of the word must sail above social and political value judgments and find a meaning that is broader than one that only denotes the arts or the peculiar mores of","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"372 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66798404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Welcome to the Premier Issue of Libraries & the Cultural Record","authors":"D. Gracy","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"295 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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