Editor's Note: The artwork created to facilitate and celebrate the keeping of the cultural record is a field of interest unto itself. For twenty-nine years Libraries & Culture and the Journal of Library History before it encouraged enjoyment and exploration of the field by featuring a bookplate on the cover. With the new cover design of Libraries & the Cultural Record, presentation of this artwork has moved to inside pages. And, in keeping with the expanded focus of the journal, the artwork to be featured will come from libraries, archives, museums, and other keepers of the cultural record. We invite suggestions for these pages of bookplates, posters, and graphics of all sorts generated in the work of providing for the cultural record.
{"title":"Cultural Record Keepers","authors":"J. A. Overmier","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0052","url":null,"abstract":"Editor's Note: The artwork created to facilitate and celebrate the keeping of the cultural record is a field of interest unto itself. For twenty-nine years Libraries & Culture and the Journal of Library History before it encouraged enjoyment and exploration of the field by featuring a bookplate on the cover. With the new cover design of Libraries & the Cultural Record, presentation of this artwork has moved to inside pages. And, in keeping with the expanded focus of the journal, the artwork to be featured will come from libraries, archives, museums, and other keepers of the cultural record. We invite suggestions for these pages of bookplates, posters, and graphics of all sorts generated in the work of providing for the cultural record.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"395 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
in concrete ways (collections and services)” (46). This goal (among others) is seriously threatened in the environment of the New Public Philosophy. The discourse informed by the New Public Philosophy tends to become manifest in library buildings, services, and policies. In other words, the trends Buschman identifi es are exemplifi ed not merely in conversations taking place in meetings; they also take the form of concrete actions that have the power to redefi ne libraries and librarianship. The centripetal force of these actions is focused on particular notions of a library’s purpose that are based on concepts of “information.” After examining statements by some library managers, Buschman concludes, “I count at least fi ve different concepts in the previous quotes from library managers: information as system or technique, as economic ‘matter,’ as ‘stuff’ to be collected and organized, and as a basis of occupation” (88–89). What is missing is the human, especially a self that may read, question, or seek. The information-as-thing view is an offshoot of neoliberalism, where human action and human products are valuable only insofar as they have transactional worth. A goal of the New Public Philosophy is to demonstrate value through demonstrating increases in the numbers of transactions that occur. This goal is manifest in education, in medicine, and in other settings. Patrons, users, and information seekers become customers who will “buy” some commodity. The language imposed by neoliberalism shifts meaning: reading, learning, becoming aware no longer have intrinsic value; they are only counted. In the rush to measurement Buschman says, “To the person out to measure ‘quality,’ what is/can be measured—and for what purposes—becomes the reality” (112). Buschman’s tone may be slightly intemperate at times, but the force of his argument is strong. The stakes in this transformed environment are high; Buschman is correct to observe that the fundamental tenets of democracy are at risk in a neoliberal state. The language of the New Public Philosophy admits to an instability that it can use to its advantage; meaning can thus be manipulated. He writes that “without a public, democratic purpose for librarianship there is no compelling reason/argument in the long run to continue libraries” (176). If the public good is sacrifi ced to private good, then there effectively is no public sphere. Even if the consequences are not so dire, democracy may be reduced to an aggregative form in which people’s preferences are assumed and decisions are made without public deliberation. In any event, it is vital that Buschman’s message be heard and heeded by all in our profession.
{"title":"A Library-Keeper's Business: Essays by Roger E. Stoddard, and: RES Gestae, Libri Manent: An Exhibition and Symposium Celebrating the Career of Roger E. Stoddard (review)","authors":"Paul S. Koda","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0048","url":null,"abstract":"in concrete ways (collections and services)” (46). This goal (among others) is seriously threatened in the environment of the New Public Philosophy. The discourse informed by the New Public Philosophy tends to become manifest in library buildings, services, and policies. In other words, the trends Buschman identifi es are exemplifi ed not merely in conversations taking place in meetings; they also take the form of concrete actions that have the power to redefi ne libraries and librarianship. The centripetal force of these actions is focused on particular notions of a library’s purpose that are based on concepts of “information.” After examining statements by some library managers, Buschman concludes, “I count at least fi ve different concepts in the previous quotes from library managers: information as system or technique, as economic ‘matter,’ as ‘stuff’ to be collected and organized, and as a basis of occupation” (88–89). What is missing is the human, especially a self that may read, question, or seek. The information-as-thing view is an offshoot of neoliberalism, where human action and human products are valuable only insofar as they have transactional worth. A goal of the New Public Philosophy is to demonstrate value through demonstrating increases in the numbers of transactions that occur. This goal is manifest in education, in medicine, and in other settings. Patrons, users, and information seekers become customers who will “buy” some commodity. The language imposed by neoliberalism shifts meaning: reading, learning, becoming aware no longer have intrinsic value; they are only counted. In the rush to measurement Buschman says, “To the person out to measure ‘quality,’ what is/can be measured—and for what purposes—becomes the reality” (112). Buschman’s tone may be slightly intemperate at times, but the force of his argument is strong. The stakes in this transformed environment are high; Buschman is correct to observe that the fundamental tenets of democracy are at risk in a neoliberal state. The language of the New Public Philosophy admits to an instability that it can use to its advantage; meaning can thus be manipulated. He writes that “without a public, democratic purpose for librarianship there is no compelling reason/argument in the long run to continue libraries” (176). If the public good is sacrifi ced to private good, then there effectively is no public sphere. Even if the consequences are not so dire, democracy may be reduced to an aggregative form in which people’s preferences are assumed and decisions are made without public deliberation. In any event, it is vital that Buschman’s message be heard and heeded by all in our profession.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"405 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66798767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
He asserts that many libraries simply did not advertise their abilities to supply election information to the public; they also failed to collect viewpoints on all major issues that would have helped “correct the misinformation that was everywhere during the campaign” (14). Berry later specifi es how libraries can and should repair this apathy. McCook also delves into this theme of democracy and bridges her personal journey as a librarian in the turbulent 1960s with that of today. She writes of the continuing importance for libraries to advocate social justice: challenge library closings and censorship, support workers’ rights, and secure “preferential treatment to poor people and the homeless” (97). Few essays in this collection deal solely with library education, but many do include brief mentions. The most notable is by Ken Haycock, who, in his very smart essay, “Librarianship: Intersecting Perspectives for the Academy and from the Field,” writes that in order for the profession to retain its valued concentration on “the user’s needs and the public’s right to know,” programs and instructors should focus on “librarianship as a profession and vocation and not simply about libraries as institution and place” (64). He effectively utilizes the same argument when addressing the controversy surrounding the semantics of titles, in which “information studies” supplants “librarianship.” (On a different note, be sure to peruse Haycock’s interesting observation on how library culture is “inherently unhealthy” [68].) Although all the essays here are engaging, the most inspiring are the honest, invigorating pieces about librarianship by Mary K. Chelton, Gillian McCombs, and Lotsee Patterson. In her essay, “Serving Young Adults in Libraries: A Professional Life’s Work,” Chelton candidly speaks about the ups and downs of developing suffi cient young adult services, about library organizations’ helping and complicating the process, and about an evolving philosophy to “question the status quo” (34). McCombs’s witty “The Fog of My Career: Some Refl ections and Lessons Learned (with apologies to Errol Morris and Robert S. McNamara)” shares some life lessons learned along a rambling path of librarianship, such as “Lesson No. 6: Sometimes life is hell and you just have to get through it” (84). And although Patterson’s “Refl ections on a Passion” takes a more serious tone, it’s equally insightful reading about her experiences creating tribal libraries from scratch—an especially admirable feat, considering the lack of support often given to such projects. The timely publication of and the renowned authors in Perspectives, Insights & Priorities will greatly appeal to library students, while the immense diversity of topics and perfect balance of political fodder with inspirational passages will prove stimulating and reaffi rming for all librarians. (Now if we could just get library users and community members to read it.)
他断言，许多图书馆根本没有宣传它们向公众提供选举信息的能力;他们也未能就所有重大问题收集观点，而这些观点本可以帮助“纠正竞选期间无处不在的错误信息”(14)。Berry后来详细说明了图书馆可以并且应该如何修复这种冷漠。麦库克还深入探讨了民主这一主题，并将她作为一名图书管理员在动荡的20世纪60年代的个人经历与今天的经历联系起来。她在书中写道，图书馆倡导社会正义的重要性持续存在:挑战图书馆关闭和审查制度，支持工人权利，确保“穷人和无家可归者的优先待遇”(97)。这本文集中很少有文章只涉及图书馆教育，但许多文章都有简短的提及。最值得注意的是肯·海科克(Ken Haycock)，他在他那篇非常聪明的文章《图书馆事业:学院与实践的交叉视角》(Librarianship: Intersecting Perspectives for The Academy and from The Field)中写道，为了让这个职业保持对“用户需求和公众知情权”的宝贵关注，项目和教师应该把“图书馆事业作为一种职业和职业，而不仅仅是把图书馆作为一种机构和场所”(64)。在解决围绕标题语义的争议时，他有效地利用了同样的论点，其中“信息研究”取代了“图书馆学”。(另一方面，请务必仔细阅读海科克关于图书馆文化“本质上是不健康的”的有趣观察[68]。)虽然这里所有的文章都很吸引人，但最鼓舞人心的是玛丽·k·切尔顿、吉莉安·麦库姆斯和洛特西·帕特森关于图书馆事业的诚实、振奋人心的文章。在她的文章《在图书馆为年轻人服务:职业生涯的工作》中，Chelton坦率地谈到了发展充分的年轻人服务的起起落落，图书馆组织的帮助和复杂的过程，以及一种不断发展的哲学“质疑现状”(34)。麦库姆斯诙谐的《我职业生涯的迷雾:一些反思和经验教训》(向埃罗尔·莫里斯和罗伯特·s·麦克纳马拉道歉)分享了在图书馆工作的漫漫道路上学到的一些人生教训，比如“第六课:有时生活是地狱，你必须要度过它”(84)。尽管帕特森的《对激情的反思》采用了更为严肃的语气，但她从零开始创建部落图书馆的经历同样具有深刻的见解——考虑到此类项目通常缺乏支持，这是一项特别令人钦佩的壮举。《观点、见解和优先事项》的及时出版和著名作者的出版将极大地吸引图书馆学生，而主题的巨大多样性和政治素材与鼓舞人心的段落的完美平衡将证明对所有图书馆员的激励和重申。(现在，如果我们能让图书馆用户和社区成员阅读它就好了。)
{"title":"Paper Talk: A History of Libraries, Print Culture, and Aboriginal Peoples in Canada before 1960 (review)","authors":"S. Nash","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0050","url":null,"abstract":"He asserts that many libraries simply did not advertise their abilities to supply election information to the public; they also failed to collect viewpoints on all major issues that would have helped “correct the misinformation that was everywhere during the campaign” (14). Berry later specifi es how libraries can and should repair this apathy. McCook also delves into this theme of democracy and bridges her personal journey as a librarian in the turbulent 1960s with that of today. She writes of the continuing importance for libraries to advocate social justice: challenge library closings and censorship, support workers’ rights, and secure “preferential treatment to poor people and the homeless” (97). Few essays in this collection deal solely with library education, but many do include brief mentions. The most notable is by Ken Haycock, who, in his very smart essay, “Librarianship: Intersecting Perspectives for the Academy and from the Field,” writes that in order for the profession to retain its valued concentration on “the user’s needs and the public’s right to know,” programs and instructors should focus on “librarianship as a profession and vocation and not simply about libraries as institution and place” (64). He effectively utilizes the same argument when addressing the controversy surrounding the semantics of titles, in which “information studies” supplants “librarianship.” (On a different note, be sure to peruse Haycock’s interesting observation on how library culture is “inherently unhealthy” [68].) Although all the essays here are engaging, the most inspiring are the honest, invigorating pieces about librarianship by Mary K. Chelton, Gillian McCombs, and Lotsee Patterson. In her essay, “Serving Young Adults in Libraries: A Professional Life’s Work,” Chelton candidly speaks about the ups and downs of developing suffi cient young adult services, about library organizations’ helping and complicating the process, and about an evolving philosophy to “question the status quo” (34). McCombs’s witty “The Fog of My Career: Some Refl ections and Lessons Learned (with apologies to Errol Morris and Robert S. McNamara)” shares some life lessons learned along a rambling path of librarianship, such as “Lesson No. 6: Sometimes life is hell and you just have to get through it” (84). And although Patterson’s “Refl ections on a Passion” takes a more serious tone, it’s equally insightful reading about her experiences creating tribal libraries from scratch—an especially admirable feat, considering the lack of support often given to such projects. The timely publication of and the renowned authors in Perspectives, Insights & Priorities will greatly appeal to library students, while the immense diversity of topics and perfect balance of political fodder with inspirational passages will prove stimulating and reaffi rming for all librarians. (Now if we could just get library users and community members to read it.)","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"415 - 417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In nineteenth-century Transylvania (now in Romania but then a province of Hungary) Germans, Hungarians, and Romanians all attributed special importance to research collections in the creation of their political nations. This study traces the development of the most important repositories of the respective nations: the Germans' Brukenthal Museum, the Hungarians' Transylvanian Museum Society, and the Romanians' Astra. These institutions arose as hybrid museum-libraries and even included archives. Despite this common conception, they developed differently due to the nature of their constituencies, the growing professionalization of libraries, museums, and archives, and political change within Hungary and Romania.
{"title":"Museums, Nationality, and Public Research Libraries in Nineteenth-Century Transylvania","authors":"J. Niessen","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0051","url":null,"abstract":"In nineteenth-century Transylvania (now in Romania but then a province of Hungary) Germans, Hungarians, and Romanians all attributed special importance to research collections in the creation of their political nations. This study traces the development of the most important repositories of the respective nations: the Germans' Brukenthal Museum, the Hungarians' Transylvanian Museum Society, and the Romanians' Astra. These institutions arose as hybrid museum-libraries and even included archives. Despite this common conception, they developed differently due to the nature of their constituencies, the growing professionalization of libraries, museums, and archives, and political change within Hungary and Romania.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"298 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"De la biblioteca particular a la biblioteca pública: libros, lectores y pensamiento bibliotecario en los orígenes de la biblioteca pública de Buenos Aires, 1779-1812 (review)","authors":"A. Benavides","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"403 - 404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66798218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
public library could be widely supported. The ruling junta, infl uenced by ideas of liberty and democracy, saw education and a public library as positive social ends. Parada argues persuasively that Bernardino Rivadavia edited and added legal provisions to the library’s draft rules, authored by canon and bibliophile Luis José Chorroarín. For several years there were lengthy discussions in the local newspapers about the hours that the “public library” was to maintain. Morning hours were hardly convenient to those who worked during the day. Indeed, the library’s hours were not “liberalized” until well into the nineteenth century. By then the Biblioteca Pública had been transformed into the Biblioteca Nacional. The third document in this book is Juan Luis de Aguirre y Tejada’s “Idea liberal económica sobre el fomento de la biblioteca de ésta capital,” which was serialized in issues of El Grito del Sud (Buenos Aires) in 1812. Parada considers this article the fi rst contribution in Argentine bibliography to the study of libraries. Aguirre was born in Salta in 1753 but grew up and worked as an attorney in Córdoba. Parada analyzes the philosophical and intellectual underpinnings of the work. He notes, moreover, that there is a curious, extensive discussion by Aguirre on the need for local production of paper and an expansion of printing as well as a need to conserve paper items, which are subject to mold and insect damage. Aguirre not only recognized the interdependence of library development and book production but also saw, almost presciently, that book conservation is within the sphere of library work. Parada has linked together three interesting works on the early development of libraries in Argentina. The author provides historical background on each of the works and their authors, addressing wide-ranging themes of eighteenthand nineteenthcentury intellectual history in Europe and the Americas. He offers an exhaustive critical review of the texts and presents a sure-footed delineation of the particular value of the works to Argentine library development. This worthwhile book demonstrates that the whole can indeed be greater than the sum of the individual parts.
公共图书馆可以得到广泛的支持。受自由和民主思想影响的执政军政府将教育和公共图书馆视为积极的社会目标。帕拉达令人信服地认为，Bernardino Rivadavia编辑并添加了图书馆规则草案的法律条款，该草案由教长和藏书家Luis joss Chorroarín撰写。几年来，当地报纸就“公共图书馆”的开放时间进行了长时间的讨论。对于白天工作的人来说，早上的时间几乎不方便。事实上，图书馆的开放时间直到十九世纪才开始“自由化”。那时，图书馆Pública已经变成了国家图书馆。这本书的第三个文件是胡安·路易斯·德·阿吉雷·伊·特哈达的《自由主义思想económica sobre el fomento de la biblioteca de 资本主义文献》，这篇文章于1812年在布宜诺斯艾利斯的el Grito del Sud杂志上连载。帕拉达认为这篇文章是阿根廷目录学对图书馆研究的第一个贡献。阿吉雷于1753年出生在萨尔塔，但在Córdoba长大并担任律师。帕拉达分析了这部作品的哲学和知识基础。此外，他还注意到，Aguirre对纸张在当地生产的必要性、印刷业的扩张以及保存纸张物品的必要性进行了有趣而广泛的讨论，因为纸张容易受到霉菌和昆虫的破坏。阿吉雷不仅认识到图书馆发展和图书生产的相互依存关系，而且几乎有先见之明地看到，图书保护属于图书馆工作的范围。Parada将三个关于阿根廷图书馆早期发展的有趣作品联系在一起。作者提供了每一个作品的历史背景和他们的作者，解决十八和十九世纪欧洲和美洲思想史的广泛主题。他对文本进行了详尽的批判性审查，并对阿根廷图书馆发展的作品的特殊价值进行了可靠的描述。这本有价值的书表明，整体确实可以大于个别部分的总和。
{"title":"Dismantling the Public Sphere: Situating and Sustaining Librarianship in the Age of the New Public Philosophy (review)","authors":"J. Budd","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0039","url":null,"abstract":"public library could be widely supported. The ruling junta, infl uenced by ideas of liberty and democracy, saw education and a public library as positive social ends. Parada argues persuasively that Bernardino Rivadavia edited and added legal provisions to the library’s draft rules, authored by canon and bibliophile Luis José Chorroarín. For several years there were lengthy discussions in the local newspapers about the hours that the “public library” was to maintain. Morning hours were hardly convenient to those who worked during the day. Indeed, the library’s hours were not “liberalized” until well into the nineteenth century. By then the Biblioteca Pública had been transformed into the Biblioteca Nacional. The third document in this book is Juan Luis de Aguirre y Tejada’s “Idea liberal económica sobre el fomento de la biblioteca de ésta capital,” which was serialized in issues of El Grito del Sud (Buenos Aires) in 1812. Parada considers this article the fi rst contribution in Argentine bibliography to the study of libraries. Aguirre was born in Salta in 1753 but grew up and worked as an attorney in Córdoba. Parada analyzes the philosophical and intellectual underpinnings of the work. He notes, moreover, that there is a curious, extensive discussion by Aguirre on the need for local production of paper and an expansion of printing as well as a need to conserve paper items, which are subject to mold and insect damage. Aguirre not only recognized the interdependence of library development and book production but also saw, almost presciently, that book conservation is within the sphere of library work. Parada has linked together three interesting works on the early development of libraries in Argentina. The author provides historical background on each of the works and their authors, addressing wide-ranging themes of eighteenthand nineteenthcentury intellectual history in Europe and the Americas. He offers an exhaustive critical review of the texts and presents a sure-footed delineation of the particular value of the works to Argentine library development. This worthwhile book demonstrates that the whole can indeed be greater than the sum of the individual parts.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"404 - 405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66798327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethics and Electronic Information: A Festschrift for Stephen Almagno, and: Information Ethics in the Electronic Age: Current Issues in Africa and the World (review)","authors":"Ellen D. Gilbert","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"413 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66798596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
countryside had no printing presses at all, despite the fact that they describe themselves as printers in the imprints of their publications (R. J. Goulden). What cannot be learned, however, from an inventory such as the BBTI are the networks that operated in the book trade. London has always been regarded as the main center of the book trade from which all things pertaining to the trade originated, but recent research has qualifi ed, although not totally overturned, this notion. David Stoker, for instance, shows that the Collins family of London did indeed provide the initial workforce to populate outlying towns, with secondand third-generation pioneers spreading ever farther into the provinces. Remote Whitehaven in Cumbria, however, did not get its fi rst printer from London but from Ireland (Barry McKay), and the business papers of an Edinburgh bookseller show that he played a signifi cant role in setting up a Philadelphia bookshop (Warren McDougall). There is still much to be discovered about the book trade, such as the link between pioneering book salesmen and (circulating) libraries, which in small towns and villages were hardly ever separate businesses. More often a library was a sideline business set up by the local stationer, bookseller, bookbinder, or printer. An interesting subject of research would be the number of library-keepers who were not members of the book trade but pharmacists, curates, undertakers, publicans, or tea dealers. John Gavin explores catalogs of early libraries in the Lake Counties that give us an indication of what books people could borrow. That new discoveries do not always have to come from inaccessible family archives or remote foreign libraries is shown by Brenda Scragg. She “discovered” a hitherto unrecorded manuscript of a Methodist preacher and bookseller in the well-known John Rylands library. This bookseller extensively annotated a copy of a private library’s auction catalog, giving us a glimpse behind the scenes of the book business. And much can still be learned from the surviving books themselves. David Hounslow uses inscriptions found in books to piece together a description of a Victorian life and library. Although almost all the contributions in this volume are pertinent to the provincial book trade, what is lacking is a broader comparative study. John Feather in his research agenda touches on gaps in our knowledge, and some of the contributions fi ll small gaps, but not one of them compares, for instance, the book trade in Norwich, Durham, and Cheltenham or the difference between book auctions in London and Manchester. In other words, many excellent building blocks have been brought together in this volume, but no larger structure has been attempted. Despite the lack of such broader pictures, the individual essays are undoubtedly a worthy tribute to Peter Isaac.
{"title":"John Masefield, The \"Great Auk\" of English Literature: A Bibliography (review)","authors":"M. Karp","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0046","url":null,"abstract":"countryside had no printing presses at all, despite the fact that they describe themselves as printers in the imprints of their publications (R. J. Goulden). What cannot be learned, however, from an inventory such as the BBTI are the networks that operated in the book trade. London has always been regarded as the main center of the book trade from which all things pertaining to the trade originated, but recent research has qualifi ed, although not totally overturned, this notion. David Stoker, for instance, shows that the Collins family of London did indeed provide the initial workforce to populate outlying towns, with secondand third-generation pioneers spreading ever farther into the provinces. Remote Whitehaven in Cumbria, however, did not get its fi rst printer from London but from Ireland (Barry McKay), and the business papers of an Edinburgh bookseller show that he played a signifi cant role in setting up a Philadelphia bookshop (Warren McDougall). There is still much to be discovered about the book trade, such as the link between pioneering book salesmen and (circulating) libraries, which in small towns and villages were hardly ever separate businesses. More often a library was a sideline business set up by the local stationer, bookseller, bookbinder, or printer. An interesting subject of research would be the number of library-keepers who were not members of the book trade but pharmacists, curates, undertakers, publicans, or tea dealers. John Gavin explores catalogs of early libraries in the Lake Counties that give us an indication of what books people could borrow. That new discoveries do not always have to come from inaccessible family archives or remote foreign libraries is shown by Brenda Scragg. She “discovered” a hitherto unrecorded manuscript of a Methodist preacher and bookseller in the well-known John Rylands library. This bookseller extensively annotated a copy of a private library’s auction catalog, giving us a glimpse behind the scenes of the book business. And much can still be learned from the surviving books themselves. David Hounslow uses inscriptions found in books to piece together a description of a Victorian life and library. Although almost all the contributions in this volume are pertinent to the provincial book trade, what is lacking is a broader comparative study. John Feather in his research agenda touches on gaps in our knowledge, and some of the contributions fi ll small gaps, but not one of them compares, for instance, the book trade in Norwich, Durham, and Cheltenham or the difference between book auctions in London and Manchester. In other words, many excellent building blocks have been brought together in this volume, but no larger structure has been attempted. Despite the lack of such broader pictures, the individual essays are undoubtedly a worthy tribute to Peter Isaac.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"410 - 412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66798837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the crucial but hitherto largely neglected contributions made by Western missionaries to Chinese academic librarianship in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It begins by analyzing how early missionaries unintentionally laid the groundwork for library reform while pursuing their two grand projects aimed at promoting Western culture. Next, the article demonstrates how the eminent missionary William A. P. Martin's efforts led to the establishment of China's first prototype of the modern library and how he subsequently participated in the building of China's first modern academic library. This in-depth case study of Martin's efforts aptly underscores the crucial roles played by Western missionaries in Chinese modern library reform in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
{"title":"The Contributions of Nineteenth-Century Christian Missionaries to Chinese Library Reform","authors":"Jing Liao","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0049","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the crucial but hitherto largely neglected contributions made by Western missionaries to Chinese academic librarianship in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It begins by analyzing how early missionaries unintentionally laid the groundwork for library reform while pursuing their two grand projects aimed at promoting Western culture. Next, the article demonstrates how the eminent missionary William A. P. Martin's efforts led to the establishment of China's first prototype of the modern library and how he subsequently participated in the building of China's first modern academic library. This in-depth case study of Martin's efforts aptly underscores the crucial roles played by Western missionaries in Chinese modern library reform in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"360 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Light on the Book Trade: Papers Presented to Peter Isaac (review)","authors":"M. Smolenaars","doi":"10.1353/LAC.2006.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/LAC.2006.0055","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81853,"journal":{"name":"Libraries & culture","volume":"41 1","pages":"409 - 410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/LAC.2006.0055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66799832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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