{"title":"[Contribution to the history of the organization of Jewish healthcare in Hungary around 1900].","authors":"Elizabeth Malleier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82240,"journal":{"name":"Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek","volume":"55 1-4","pages":"145-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29000728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Hungary preventative measures against trachoma began in the winter of 1883-1884. Initially based on the recently issued public health law, it was imbedded in a general prevention programme against various epidemics. Local authorities and municipal boards were made responsible for carrying it out. These authorities and boards were obliged to organize supervision, to establish medical offices and ophthalmological wards and to take charge of the continuity of treatments. The public health department, however, faced serious difficulties, since most of the communities did not have the financial resources for such provision nor did they have enough trained physicians. Since the spread of trachoma could not be stopped by these measures, a new and effective solution had to be found. A new article was created for this purpose, the so called fifth article of the year 1886 "On preventing the spread of trachoma", which placed the burden of expenses for treatment - in case of lack of means - on the state budget. The government set up specialized professional training and the ophthalmological hospital system became specialized and modernised with the establishment of special trachoma hospitals, or--in public hospitals--ophthalmological wards. Although the first preventative measures were taken during the period mentioned above, the disease itself persisted, still occurring in large numbers of cases as late as the end of the Second World War.
{"title":"[Organizing the prevention of trachoma in Hungary (1884-1903)].","authors":"Balázs Pálvölgyi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Hungary preventative measures against trachoma began in the winter of 1883-1884. Initially based on the recently issued public health law, it was imbedded in a general prevention programme against various epidemics. Local authorities and municipal boards were made responsible for carrying it out. These authorities and boards were obliged to organize supervision, to establish medical offices and ophthalmological wards and to take charge of the continuity of treatments. The public health department, however, faced serious difficulties, since most of the communities did not have the financial resources for such provision nor did they have enough trained physicians. Since the spread of trachoma could not be stopped by these measures, a new and effective solution had to be found. A new article was created for this purpose, the so called fifth article of the year 1886 \"On preventing the spread of trachoma\", which placed the burden of expenses for treatment - in case of lack of means - on the state budget. The government set up specialized professional training and the ophthalmological hospital system became specialized and modernised with the establishment of special trachoma hospitals, or--in public hospitals--ophthalmological wards. Although the first preventative measures were taken during the period mentioned above, the disease itself persisted, still occurring in large numbers of cases as late as the end of the Second World War.</p>","PeriodicalId":82240,"journal":{"name":"Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek","volume":"54 1-4","pages":"47-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28287448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"History of the politics of prostitution in Hungary (19-20th c.).","authors":"Judit Forrai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82240,"journal":{"name":"Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek","volume":"54 1-4","pages":"31-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28287447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The mineral spa of Rudnok as described by staff colonel Henrik Mayer].","authors":"Jana Balegová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82240,"journal":{"name":"Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek","volume":"54 1-4","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28287450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative study of the social-political determinants of infant and child mortality in Sweden and Hungary 1850-1945.","authors":"Gabriella Varga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82240,"journal":{"name":"Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek","volume":"54 1-4","pages":"5-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28287446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Author sketches the development of medicine in the Greek world from the mythic beginnings up to the Corpus Hippocraticum. He emphasizes the importance of the presocratic natural philosophy regarding its making. The article derives main theories of the so called humoral pathology and those of the ancient dietetics also from this heritage.
{"title":"[From the physician heros to lifestyle medicine].","authors":"Lajos Groák","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Author sketches the development of medicine in the Greek world from the mythic beginnings up to the Corpus Hippocraticum. He emphasizes the importance of the presocratic natural philosophy regarding its making. The article derives main theories of the so called humoral pathology and those of the ancient dietetics also from this heritage.</p>","PeriodicalId":82240,"journal":{"name":"Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek","volume":"54 1-4","pages":"105-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28287452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of the Imperial and Royal Navy of the Austro-Hungarian Empire begun in 1868 being based on the structure established by Admiral Wilhelm Tegetthoff. The number of staff-doctors of the Navy did not prove enough for the needed sanitary measures. The permanent lack of doctors however was compensated by the expertise of the medical staff During the WWI, three land hospitals and one hospital-ship operated in addition to the doctors working on the single units of the fleet In spite of the constant problems, caused by the lack of trained doctors the health service of the Imperial and Royal Navy proved to be sufficient.
{"title":"[The medical staff of the Austro-Hungarian Navy in World War I].","authors":"Gábor Kiss","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of the Imperial and Royal Navy of the Austro-Hungarian Empire begun in 1868 being based on the structure established by Admiral Wilhelm Tegetthoff. The number of staff-doctors of the Navy did not prove enough for the needed sanitary measures. The permanent lack of doctors however was compensated by the expertise of the medical staff During the WWI, three land hospitals and one hospital-ship operated in addition to the doctors working on the single units of the fleet In spite of the constant problems, caused by the lack of trained doctors the health service of the Imperial and Royal Navy proved to be sufficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":82240,"journal":{"name":"Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek","volume":"54 1-4","pages":"117-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28288531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Contribution to the history of tobacco use].","authors":"Károly Kapronczay","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82240,"journal":{"name":"Orvostorteneti kozlemenyek","volume":"54 1-4","pages":"93-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28287451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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