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Annual Report 1961 Conference on Electrical Insulation最新文献

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Some aspects of tree initiation in solid insulation 固体绝缘中树桩起始的几个方面
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473188
M. Olyphant, R. Johnson
It is largely within the last five years that treeing has been recognized as a possible mechanism in long time insulation breakdown. The term treeing is used here to indicate the growth of branching breakdown channels within insulation. Treeing differs from uniform field breakdown particularly in that the electric strength of the insulation is exceeded only locally at a concentration of electric stress. Treeing certainly involves time dependent processes and therefore proceeds at a finite rate which may be very slow. One aspect of treeing which adds to its interest is its common occurrence as the final phase of breakdown from corona erosion1,2.
在过去的五年中,人们认识到树形结构是造成长时间绝缘破裂的一种可能机制。此处使用术语树状结构来表示绝缘内部分支击穿通道的生长。树形与均匀场击穿的不同之处在于,只有在电应力集中的地方,绝缘的电强度才会被局部超越。树的生成当然涉及与时间相关的过程,因此以有限的速度进行,可能非常缓慢。树木生长的一个方面增加了它的兴趣,它通常出现在日冕侵蚀的最后阶段1,2。
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引用次数: 3
Ceramic insulators for electrical and electronic applications 电子电气用陶瓷绝缘体
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473192
G. Glowacki
The major developments in ceramic insulating materials have been made since World War I. These developments parallel the growth of the electrical and electronic industries. The pattern of these developments has been to tailor the properties of the ceramic insulators to specific requirements.
陶瓷绝缘材料的主要发展是自第一次世界大战以来取得的。这些发展与电气和电子工业的发展并行。这些发展的模式是定制陶瓷绝缘体的特性以满足特定的要求。
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引用次数: 0
The application of adhesives and sealaots in the manufacture of electronic components 粘合剂和密封剂在电子元件制造中的应用
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473193
E. Potocki
The use of adhesives and sealants in the electronic industry is growing more important every day. This is especially true in the manufacture of environmental type connectors.
胶粘剂和密封剂在电子工业中的使用日益重要。在制造环保型连接器时尤其如此。
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引用次数: 0
Metal-to-water discharges on insulation surfaces — A differential wet tracking test 绝缘表面上金属对水的放电。差动湿痕试验
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473176
L. Mandelcorn, T. Dakin
Tracking across the wet surface of insulators usually occurs by the advance of a tree-like conducting track growth, extending from one electrode (conductor) to another. These track growths occur by a succession of short tracks extending one after another in a random manner. Each track segment is added by the effect of short discharges occurring between the metal electrode or the tip of an extended carbon track and the edge of a receding surface water film. This film of water serves as a current limiting resistor and, therefore, the magnitude of its resistance, controls the discharge power intensity. These considerations apply to surface tracking as well as to internal tracking; with the exception that in the case of the latter the high conductivity region is located below the surface and tracks may be generated by localized heating effects. In general, internal tracking effects, analogous to surface tracking, follow the penetration of moisture into interlaminar spaces or along individual fibers or fiber bundles which are not bonded to the surrounding resin.
通过绝缘体湿表面的跟踪通常发生在树形导电轨迹生长的推进中,从一个电极(导体)延伸到另一个电极。这些轨迹的生长是由一连串的短轨迹以随机的方式一个接一个地延伸而产生的。每个轨道段通过在金属电极或延伸碳轨道的尖端与后退的表面水膜的边缘之间发生的短放电效应而增加。这层水起到限流电阻的作用,因此,其电阻的大小控制着放电功率的强度。这些考虑适用于表面跟踪以及内部跟踪;但在后者的情况下,高导电性区域位于表面以下,并且可能由局部加热效应产生轨迹。一般来说,内部跟踪效果类似于表面跟踪,跟随水分渗透到层间空间或沿着未与周围树脂结合的单个纤维或纤维束。
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引用次数: 1
Multiple dielectric relaxation in non-crystalline polymers 非结晶聚合物中的多重介电弛豫
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473181
A. J. Curtis
This investigation is part of a larger program designed to clarify the molecular motions responsible for dielectric relaxation in polymers. It has been repeatedly observed that, in polar polymers, at least one and in general two or more relaxation processes are observed. In general a relaxation process is observed above the glass transformation temperature which is undoubtedly associated with the molecular motions which are "frozen" below this transformation. These motions are of the type associated with diffusion, i.e. motions of large segments or whole molecules involving translation and rotation.
这项研究是一个更大的项目的一部分,该项目旨在澄清聚合物中介电弛豫的分子运动。已经反复观察到,在极性聚合物中,至少有一个,通常有两个或更多的弛豫过程被观察到。一般来说,在玻璃化转变温度以上观察到弛豫过程,这无疑与分子运动有关,分子运动在玻璃化转变温度以下被“冻结”。这些运动与扩散有关,即涉及平移和旋转的大片段或整个分子的运动。
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引用次数: 0
The dipole moments of some supposedly symmetrical molecules 一些被认为是对称分子的偶极矩
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473183
E. Dicarlo, C. P. Smyth
This study was undertaken because many careful dielectric constant measurements at radio frequencies have indicated the possession of small but appreciable dipole moments for supposedly symmetrical molecules1,2.
之所以进行这项研究,是因为在无线电频率上进行的许多仔细的介电常数测量表明,对于被认为是对称的分子来说,偶极矩虽然小,但却很明显。
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引用次数: 0
Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors with etched aluminum foil 带有蚀刻铝箔的固态铝电解电容器
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/TCP.1962.1136748
W. Post
Ever since the introduction of solid tantalum electrolytic capacitors, attempts have been made to replace the relatively expensive tantalum with other materials. Several patent applications indicate that aluminum, in the form of wire or sintered slugs, has been investigated in this connection. Attempts with aluminum foil are scarcely known, but a British patent, No. 845 698 (patent holder: U. S. Secretary of the Army), indicates that some preliminary work has been done in this line. In the meantime etched aluminum foils of high purity and surface gain have become commercially available, and forming methods resulting in highly stable aluminum oxide layers are now known, so that the successful construction of solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors seemed feasible. A series of experiments were therefore carried on in the laboratories of the Aluminium-Walzwerke Singen, to determine the usefulness of etched aluminum foils in solid aluminum capacitors. Preliminary results indicate that such capacitors can definitely be made with etched aluminum foils.
自从固体钽电解电容器问世以来,人们一直试图用其他材料代替相对昂贵的钽。一些专利申请表明,铝,在金属丝或烧结段的形式,已经在这方面进行了研究。用铝箔的尝试很少为人所知,但一项英国专利,编号845698(专利持有人:美国陆军部长)表明,在这方面已经做了一些初步的工作。与此同时,高纯度和表面增益的蚀刻铝箔已经商业化,并且形成高度稳定的氧化铝层的方法现在已经知道,因此成功构建固体铝电解电容器似乎是可行的。因此,为了确定蚀刻铝箔在固态铝电容器中的用途,在铝-瓦尔兹沃克-辛根的实验室里进行了一系列的实验。初步结果表明,这种电容器完全可以用蚀刻铝箔制成。
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引用次数: 1
Influence of absorbed water and temperature on dielectric loss of oil-impregnated paper insulation 吸水和温度对油浸纸绝缘介质损耗的影响
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473173
R. Blodgett
Early in 1961, four oil-impregnated paper cables were energized at the Cornell High-Voltage Cable Testing Facility for operation at 345 kv. Each cable is capable of transmitting more than 500 MVA. As part of the research effort connected with the development of low loss insulation for one of the four cables, it seemed desirable to obtain quantitative estimates for the effect of absorbed water on dielectric loss of high voltage paper cables even though there were several estimates already available in the literature. However, these estimates seemed inadequate for several reasons. Either the studies had not been made on modern low-loss materials suitable for Extra High Voltage Cables, or were based on indirect estimates of water content, or appeared to lack internal consistency, or included only a narrow range of water contents. Furthermore, the agreement among the various estimates was not close.
1961年初,四根油浸纸电缆在康奈尔高压电缆测试设施通电,电压为345千伏。每根电缆的传输能力超过500mva。作为与开发四种电缆中的一种的低损耗绝缘有关的研究工作的一部分,尽管文献中已经有一些估计,但似乎有必要对吸收的水对高压纸质电缆的介电损耗的影响进行定量估计。然而,由于几个原因,这些估计数似乎不够。这些研究要么不是针对适用于超高压电缆的现代低损耗材料进行的,要么是基于对含水量的间接估计,要么似乎缺乏内部一致性,要么只包括一个狭窄的含水量范围。此外,各种估计数之间的一致意见并不接近。
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引用次数: 0
Gamma-radiation induced conductivity in glass 玻璃中的伽马辐射诱导电导率
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473171
V. Culler, H. E. Rexford
The effect of gamma-radiation on the electrical conductivity of glasses is of interest because of the practical uses of these insulators and because the mechanism of induced conductivity is not expected to be masked by chemical deterioration caused by the irradiation as in the case of organic insulators.
伽马辐射对玻璃电导率的影响是人们感兴趣的,因为这些绝缘体的实际用途,因为诱导电导率的机制预计不会像有机绝缘体那样被辐射引起的化学变质所掩盖。
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引用次数: 1
A comparison of the electric strengths of hexane vapor and liquid in the critical region 临界区域内己烷蒸气与液体电强度的比较
Pub Date : 1961-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEI.1961.7473186
P. Watson, A. Sharbaugh
The breakdown strength of gases at low pressures increases regularly with density; using this fact, one can extrapolate the strength of a vapor to densities corresponding to the liquid state. An extrapolation of this type is shown in figure 1 for hexane1,2, for comparison, point X shows a typical observed value of the strength of the liquid3. As may be seen, the liquid strength is appreciably lower than the extrapolated value. One of the aims of this investigation has been to bridge the gap between these two extremes in density, and to determine whether breakdown strength is a continuous function of density or whether there is a singularity corresponding to the change of phase.
气体在低压下的击穿强度随密度有规律地增大;利用这一事实,我们可以推断出蒸气的强度与液体状态相对应的密度。这种类型的外推如图1所示为己烷1,2,为了比较,点X显示了液体强度的典型观测值3。可以看出,液体强度明显低于外推值。这项研究的目的之一是弥合这两个极端密度之间的差距,并确定击穿强度是密度的连续函数还是存在与相变化相对应的奇点。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Annual Report 1961 Conference on Electrical Insulation
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