Iga Stokłosa, Raman Marwaha, Maciej Stokłosa, Anna Zacharzewska-Gondek, M. Piegza, Piotr Gorczyca, Gniewko Więckiewicz
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric pathology arising from severe trauma exceeding an individual's adaptive capabilities. Clinical presentations include flashbacks, nightmares, emotional detachment, avoidance of trauma-related stimuli, and heightened vegetative arousal. High-risk groups encompass veterans, survivors of sexual assault, and those impacted by warfare, terrorism or calamities. Therapeutic approaches involve pharmacological and psychological interventions, particularly cognitive-behavioral modalities and prolonged exposure therapy. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is acknowledged for its therapeutic benefits. Recent investigations aim to delineate structural neurobiological alterations underpinning PTSD symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging studies unveil reduced volumes in the hippocampus, left amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex relative to control cohorts. Emerging data suggest that therapeutic interventions elicit favorable structural modifications in the brain, indicative of therapeutic efficacy. Neuroimaging exploration in mental disorders stands as a pivotal and promising frontier, poised to furnish significant clinical ramifications, augmenting the evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic domain in mental healthcare.
{"title":"Neuroimaging in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): a Narrative Review","authors":"Iga Stokłosa, Raman Marwaha, Maciej Stokłosa, Anna Zacharzewska-Gondek, M. Piegza, Piotr Gorczyca, Gniewko Więckiewicz","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188377","url":null,"abstract":"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric pathology arising from severe trauma exceeding an individual's adaptive capabilities. Clinical presentations include flashbacks, nightmares, emotional detachment, avoidance of trauma-related stimuli, and heightened vegetative arousal. High-risk groups encompass veterans, survivors of sexual assault, and those impacted by warfare, terrorism or calamities. Therapeutic approaches involve pharmacological and psychological interventions, particularly cognitive-behavioral modalities and prolonged exposure therapy. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is acknowledged for its therapeutic benefits. Recent investigations aim to delineate structural neurobiological alterations underpinning PTSD symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging studies unveil reduced volumes in the hippocampus, left amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex relative to control cohorts. Emerging data suggest that therapeutic interventions elicit favorable structural modifications in the brain, indicative of therapeutic efficacy. Neuroimaging exploration in mental disorders stands as a pivotal and promising frontier, poised to furnish significant clinical ramifications, augmenting the evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic domain in mental healthcare.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with neurogenic fiber tangles caused by amyloid-β protein plaques and tau protein hyperphosphorylation as the pathological manifestations. This study was based on multi-omics to investigate the mechanisms and immune characterization of AD.Based on bulk RNA-seq (GSE122063 and GSE97760), we screened potential biomarkers for AD by differential expression analysis and machine learning algorithms. Then, we elaborated the expression characteristics and immune functions of the above biomarkers by scRNA-seq (single-cell RNA sequencing) data analysis (GSM4996463 and GSM4996462) and immune infiltration analysis.Five biomarkers (RBM3, GOLGA8A, ALS2, FSD2, and LOC100287628) were identified using machine learning algorithms. Single-cell analysis revealed distinct expression patterns of these biomarkers in astrocytes from AD samples compared to normal samples. Additionally, three key biomarkers were selected based on interaction networks, and the diagnostic models indicated high diagnostic efficacy for these biomarkers. Based on immune infiltration and correlation analyses, RBM3, GOLGA8A, and ALS2 were all highly correlated with CD8 T cell content in the immune microenvironment of AD.The biomarkers identified in this study demonstrate significant diagnostic potential for AD. Notably, the downregulation of RBM3 in astrocytes and the decreased presence of CD8 T cells infiltrating brain tissue are potential risk factors for AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种神经退行性疾病，以淀粉样β蛋白斑块和tau蛋白高磷酸化引起的神经原纤维缠结为病理表现。本研究以多组学为基础，研究AD的发病机制和免疫特征。基于批量RNA-seq（GSE122063和GSE97760），我们通过差异表达分析和机器学习算法筛选出AD的潜在生物标志物。然后，我们通过scRNA-seq（单细胞RNA测序）数据分析（GSM4996463和GSM4996462）和免疫浸润分析阐述了上述生物标记物的表达特征和免疫功能。单细胞分析显示，与正常样本相比，这些生物标记物在AD样本的星形胶质细胞中的表达模式截然不同。此外，还根据相互作用网络筛选出了三个关键生物标志物，诊断模型显示这些生物标志物具有很高的诊断效力。根据免疫浸润和相关性分析，RBM3、GOLGA8A 和 ALS2 都与 AD 免疫微环境中 CD8 T 细胞的含量高度相关。值得注意的是，RBM3在星形胶质细胞中的下调和浸润脑组织的CD8 T细胞的减少是AD的潜在风险因素。
{"title":"Identification of biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and their characterization of immune function","authors":"Mingkai Lin, Yue Zhou, Peixian Liang, Ruoyi Zheng, Minwei Du, Xintong Ke, Wenjing Zhang, Pei Shang","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188721","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with neurogenic fiber tangles caused by amyloid-β protein plaques and tau protein hyperphosphorylation as the pathological manifestations. This study was based on multi-omics to investigate the mechanisms and immune characterization of AD.Based on bulk RNA-seq (GSE122063 and GSE97760), we screened potential biomarkers for AD by differential expression analysis and machine learning algorithms. Then, we elaborated the expression characteristics and immune functions of the above biomarkers by scRNA-seq (single-cell RNA sequencing) data analysis (GSM4996463 and GSM4996462) and immune infiltration analysis.Five biomarkers (RBM3, GOLGA8A, ALS2, FSD2, and LOC100287628) were identified using machine learning algorithms. Single-cell analysis revealed distinct expression patterns of these biomarkers in astrocytes from AD samples compared to normal samples. Additionally, three key biomarkers were selected based on interaction networks, and the diagnostic models indicated high diagnostic efficacy for these biomarkers. Based on immune infiltration and correlation analyses, RBM3, GOLGA8A, and ALS2 were all highly correlated with CD8 T cell content in the immune microenvironment of AD.The biomarkers identified in this study demonstrate significant diagnostic potential for AD. Notably, the downregulation of RBM3 in astrocytes and the decreased presence of CD8 T cells infiltrating brain tissue are potential risk factors for AD.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Observational studies have indicated significant contributions of protein C and protein S to thrombotic diseases, yet the "anticoagulation paradox" in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) remains unresolved. Therefore, we conducted an investigation to discern the causal effects of protein C, protein S and antithrombin-III on DVT risk.We employed a two-sample (one to estimate gene-exposure relationship and the other to estimate gene-outcome relationship) bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to assess the causal associations between protein C, protein S, antithrombin-III and DVT.Genetic associations with DVT were extracted from a comprehensive genome-wide association study involving 484,598 individuals. In the multivariable MR analysis, the odds ratios for DVT per standard deviation (SD) increase were 1.005 (95% CI: 1.002-1.008; P <0.001) for protein C, 0.997 (95% CI: 0.992-1.001; P=0.146) for protein S, and 1.001 (95% CI: 0.998-1.005; P=0.456) for antithrombin-III. A two-step MR mediation analysis revealed that the association between protein C and DVT was partially mediated by body mass index, with a mediated proportion of 11.4% (95% confidence interval, 2.3% to 79.2%).These findings provide insights into the genetic relationship between relative protein C rather than protein S or antithrombin-III levels and DVT, offering potential utility in identifying at-risk patients for DVT development.
观察性研究表明，蛋白 C 和蛋白 S 对血栓性疾病有重要影响，但深静脉血栓（DVT）中的 "抗凝悖论 "仍未得到解决。因此，我们采用双样本（一个用于估计基因-暴露关系，另一个用于估计基因-结果关系）双向孟德尔随机化（MR）框架来评估蛋白 C、蛋白 S、抗凝血酶-III 与深静脉血栓形成之间的因果关系。在多变量磁共振分析中，蛋白质C、蛋白质S和抗凝血酶-III每增加一个标准差（SD），深静脉血栓的几率比分别为1.005（95% CI：1.002-1.008；P<0.001）、0.997（95% CI：0.992-1.001；P=0.146）和1.001（95% CI：0.998-1.005；P=0.456）。通过两步MR中介分析发现，蛋白C与深静脉血栓之间的关系部分受体重指数的中介，中介比例为11.4%（95%置信区间，2.3%至79.2%）。这些发现深入揭示了相对蛋白C而非蛋白S或抗凝血酶-III水平与深静脉血栓之间的遗传关系，为识别深静脉血栓高危患者提供了潜在的实用价值。
{"title":"Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis identifies protein C rather than protein S or antithrombin-III is associated with deep venous thrombosis","authors":"Liang Shu, Liyan Sun, Cong Yu, Dabin Ren, Ping Zheng, Yisong Zhang","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188205","url":null,"abstract":"Observational studies have indicated significant contributions of protein C and protein S to thrombotic diseases, yet the \"anticoagulation paradox\" in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) remains unresolved. Therefore, we conducted an investigation to discern the causal effects of protein C, protein S and antithrombin-III on DVT risk.We employed a two-sample (one to estimate gene-exposure relationship and the other to estimate gene-outcome relationship) bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to assess the causal associations between protein C, protein S, antithrombin-III and DVT.Genetic associations with DVT were extracted from a comprehensive genome-wide association study involving 484,598 individuals. In the multivariable MR analysis, the odds ratios for DVT per standard deviation (SD) increase were 1.005 (95% CI: 1.002-1.008; P <0.001) for protein C, 0.997 (95% CI: 0.992-1.001; P=0.146) for protein S, and 1.001 (95% CI: 0.998-1.005; P=0.456) for antithrombin-III. A two-step MR mediation analysis revealed that the association between protein C and DVT was partially mediated by body mass index, with a mediated proportion of 11.4% (95% confidence interval, 2.3% to 79.2%).These findings provide insights into the genetic relationship between relative protein C rather than protein S or antithrombin-III levels and DVT, offering potential utility in identifying at-risk patients for DVT development.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141372575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juanmei Mo, Zijian Guo, Shunrong Zhang, Guodong Huang, Tongze Cai
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and is associated with a high mortality rate. Its occult origin often results in the loss of the optimal timeframe for liver transplantation and resection. During the past few decades, tremendous advances in the treatment of HCC have been achieved, and immunotherapy has become an attractive approach with promising results in clinical trials. In the present work, we will review immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for their function and role in treating cancers, particularly advanced HCC, summarize recent therapeutic progress with various ICIs or their combinations with other options/therapeutic agents, and discuss works related to the development of biomarkers that predict therapeutic response as well as the limitations of ICIs. Future directions for immune checkpoint therapy (ICP) have also been addressed.
{"title":"Recent advance in immune checkpoint inhibitors-based therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Juanmei Mo, Zijian Guo, Shunrong Zhang, Guodong Huang, Tongze Cai","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188722","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and is associated with a high mortality rate. Its occult origin often results in the loss of the optimal timeframe for liver transplantation and resection. During the past few decades, tremendous advances in the treatment of HCC have been achieved, and immunotherapy has become an attractive approach with promising results in clinical trials. In the present work, we will review immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for their function and role in treating cancers, particularly advanced HCC, summarize recent therapeutic progress with various ICIs or their combinations with other options/therapeutic agents, and discuss works related to the development of biomarkers that predict therapeutic response as well as the limitations of ICIs. Future directions for immune checkpoint therapy (ICP) have also been addressed.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The associations between blood metabolites and breast cancer remain unclear. We conducted a systematic two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify key human blood metabolites and uncover potential biomarkers for breast cancer development.The data were extracted from large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) public databases. Instrumental variables were selected from a cohort study of 453 metabolic profiles from 7,824 participants. Breast cancer incidence data were obtained from a large cohort study involving 138,389 cases and 240,341 controls. Causal associations between human blood metabolites and breast cancer incidence were assessed using inverse-variance weighting, and MR-Egger regression.Five human blood metabolites were identified as biomarkers for breast cancer: serine (OR, 2.25; 95% CI: 1.18–4.27), 10-undecenoate (11:1n1) (OR, 1.38; 95% CI: 1.00–1.90), X-12696 (OR, 2.15; 95% CI: 1.14–4.08), X-14626 (OR, 1.68; 95% CI: 1.15–2.46), and succinyl carnitine (OR, 1.58; 95% CI: 1.06–2.34). The sensitivity analysis results indicate no pleiotropy between the metabolites and breast cancer risk, confirming the robustness of the findings.This study in metabolomics research identified five human blood metabolites — serine, 10-undecenoate (11:1n1), X-12696, X-14626, and succinylcarnitine — as potential biomarkers for assessing breast cancer risk. Among these metabolites, serine and X-12696 showed the strongest associations with the likelihood of developing breast cancer.
{"title":"Causal associations between blood metabolites and breast cancer","authors":"Guanying Liang, Dazhuang Miao, Chun Du","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188275","url":null,"abstract":"The associations between blood metabolites and breast cancer remain unclear. We conducted a systematic two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify key human blood metabolites and uncover potential biomarkers for breast cancer development.The data were extracted from large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) public databases. Instrumental variables were selected from a cohort study of 453 metabolic profiles from 7,824 participants. Breast cancer incidence data were obtained from a large cohort study involving 138,389 cases and 240,341 controls. Causal associations between human blood metabolites and breast cancer incidence were assessed using inverse-variance weighting, and MR-Egger regression.Five human blood metabolites were identified as biomarkers for breast cancer: serine (OR, 2.25; 95% CI: 1.18–4.27), 10-undecenoate (11:1n1) (OR, 1.38; 95% CI: 1.00–1.90), X-12696 (OR, 2.15; 95% CI: 1.14–4.08), X-14626 (OR, 1.68; 95% CI: 1.15–2.46), and succinyl carnitine (OR, 1.58; 95% CI: 1.06–2.34). The sensitivity analysis results indicate no pleiotropy between the metabolites and breast cancer risk, confirming the robustness of the findings.This study in metabolomics research identified five human blood metabolites — serine, 10-undecenoate (11:1n1), X-12696, X-14626, and succinylcarnitine — as potential biomarkers for assessing breast cancer risk. Among these metabolites, serine and X-12696 showed the strongest associations with the likelihood of developing breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia-min Chen, Z. Ruan, Gecai Chen, Jun-Guo Zhu, Yin Ren, Li Zhu
Introduction: We aimed to investigate the risk factors of incomplete device endothelialization (IDE) following left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) and provide a nomogram model for predicting the risks of IDE in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).A total of 145 patients with AF who performed LAAO were included. The endothelialization of the occluder was assessed by computed tomography angiography (CTA) at 3 months after LAAO. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of IDE after LAAO. A nomogram model was constructed to predict the risks of IDE.53 cases with complete endothelialization (CDE group) and 92 cases with IDE (IDE group) were detected at 3 months after LAAO. There was significant difference in mitral regurgitation (MR) [37.7% vs 55.4%, p=0.040], left atrial appendage (LAA) diameter [(2.22±0.36) cm vs (2.61±2.11) cm, p=0.003], occluder size [(2.76±0.36) cm vs (2.93±0.34) cm, p=0.005] and the level of serum urea [(5.78±1.72) mmol/L vs (6.67±2.82) mmol/L, p=0.020] between the two groups. Serum urea level, MR, LAA diameter and large occluder size were independent risk factors for IDE (p=0.038, 0.041, 0.007 and 0.006, respectively). A nomogram prediction model based on MR, LAA diameter, occluder size and serum urea was constructed with a C-index of 0.70, while C-index of verification 0.708.MR, higher serum urea level, LAA diameter and large occluder size may contribute to IDE after LAAO. The nomogram model based on MR, LAA diameter, occluder size and serum urea can be used to predict the IDE after LAAO.
导言：我们旨在研究左心房阑尾封堵术（LAAO）后器械内皮化（IDE）不完全的风险因素，并提供一个预测心房颤动（AF）患者IDE风险的提名图模型。共纳入 145 名接受 LAAO 的房颤患者，在 LAAO 术后 3 个月通过计算机断层扫描血管造影术（CTA）评估封堵器的内皮化情况。采用逻辑回归分析探究 LAAO 后 IDE 的风险因素。LAAO 术后 3 个月，53 例完全内皮化（CDE 组）和 92 例 IDE（IDE 组）被检测到。二尖瓣反流（MR）[37.7% vs 55.4%，P=0.040]、左心房附壁（LAA）直径[（2.22±0.36）cm vs （2.61±2.11）cm，P=0.003]、封堵器大小[（2.76±0.36）cm vs（2.93±0.34）cm，P=0.005]和血清尿素水平[（5.78±1.72）mmol/L vs（6.67±2.82）mmol/L，P=0.020]在两组之间存在差异。血清尿素水平、MR、LAA 直径和大封堵器尺寸是 IDE 的独立危险因素（分别为 p=0.038、0.041、0.007 和 0.006）。基于 MR、LAA 直径、闭塞器大小和血清尿素的提名图预测模型的 C 指数为 0.70，而验证指数为 0.708。MR、较高的血清尿素水平、LAA 直径和闭塞器大可能是导致 LAAO 后 IDE 的原因。基于 MR、LAA 直径、闭塞器大小和血清尿素的提名图模型可用于预测 LAAO 后的 IDE。
{"title":"Risk factors of incomplete endothelialization after left atrial appendage occlusion in patients with atrial fibrillation","authors":"Jia-min Chen, Z. Ruan, Gecai Chen, Jun-Guo Zhu, Yin Ren, Li Zhu","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188529","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: We aimed to investigate the risk factors of incomplete device endothelialization (IDE) following left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) and provide a nomogram model for predicting the risks of IDE in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).A total of 145 patients with AF who performed LAAO were included. The endothelialization of the occluder was assessed by computed tomography angiography (CTA) at 3 months after LAAO. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of IDE after LAAO. A nomogram model was constructed to predict the risks of IDE.53 cases with complete endothelialization (CDE group) and 92 cases with IDE (IDE group) were detected at 3 months after LAAO. There was significant difference in mitral regurgitation (MR) [37.7% vs 55.4%, p=0.040], left atrial appendage (LAA) diameter [(2.22±0.36) cm vs (2.61±2.11) cm, p=0.003], occluder size [(2.76±0.36) cm vs (2.93±0.34) cm, p=0.005] and the level of serum urea [(5.78±1.72) mmol/L vs (6.67±2.82) mmol/L, p=0.020] between the two groups. Serum urea level, MR, LAA diameter and large occluder size were independent risk factors for IDE (p=0.038, 0.041, 0.007 and 0.006, respectively). A nomogram prediction model based on MR, LAA diameter, occluder size and serum urea was constructed with a C-index of 0.70, while C-index of verification 0.708.MR, higher serum urea level, LAA diameter and large occluder size may contribute to IDE after LAAO. The nomogram model based on MR, LAA diameter, occluder size and serum urea can be used to predict the IDE after LAAO.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141370986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beata Leszczyńska, Michał Buczyński, Anna Deja, Maria Daniel, Michał Zawadzki, Szymańska-Beta Katarzyna, Stelmaszczyk-Emmel Anna, Martyna Gaj, Małgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska
Netrin-1 (NTN-1) is an anti-inflammatory protein secreted by proximal tubule epithelial cells in reaction to hypoxic or toxic injury. We determined the utility of urinary NTN-1 as an early marker for detecting AKI in patients after cardiac surgery.Our study included 40 children at age 1-36 months and 20 healthy controls. We measured serum creatinine and urinary NTN-1 in patients, who underwent cardiac surgery in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Urinary NTN-1 was higher in the study group than in the control group. The detection ratio of urinary NTN-1 was higher pre-surgery than 6 and 24 hours after (55%, 27.5%, and 32.5%, respectively). We found no correlations between NTN-1 at any point ΔeGFR, decline eGFR, AKI after 48 h. The initial NTN-1/creatinine ratio negatively correlated with ΔGFR (r=-0.36, p=0.031), NTN-1/creatinine ratio after 24 h did not correlate with aortic clamping time, CPB time, ΔGFR. In our study, AKI occurred in 12.5% of patients and none required RRT. The occurrence of AKI correlated with CPB time (r=0.35, p=0.027) and aortic clamping time (r=0.44, p=0.005). NTN-1 concentration and NTN-1/creatinine ratio in the AKI group were not significantly higher preoperatively and 24 hours post-surgery than in patients without AKI.The role of urinary NTN-1 in children after cardiac surgery as an early marker of AKI was not confirmed. No factors affecting the NTN-1/creatinine ratio were found in the study group. Patients who have longer CPB time and aortic clamping time belong to the high-risk group of AKI after surgery.
{"title":"The usefulness of urinary netrin-1 determination as an early marker of acute kidney injury in children after cardiac surgery","authors":"Beata Leszczyńska, Michał Buczyński, Anna Deja, Maria Daniel, Michał Zawadzki, Szymańska-Beta Katarzyna, Stelmaszczyk-Emmel Anna, Martyna Gaj, Małgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188293","url":null,"abstract":"Netrin-1 (NTN-1) is an anti-inflammatory protein secreted by proximal tubule epithelial cells in reaction to hypoxic or toxic injury. We determined the utility of urinary NTN-1 as an early marker for detecting AKI in patients after cardiac surgery.Our study included 40 children at age 1-36 months and 20 healthy controls. We measured serum creatinine and urinary NTN-1 in patients, who underwent cardiac surgery in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Urinary NTN-1 was higher in the study group than in the control group. The detection ratio of urinary NTN-1 was higher pre-surgery than 6 and 24 hours after (55%, 27.5%, and 32.5%, respectively). We found no correlations between NTN-1 at any point ΔeGFR, decline eGFR, AKI after 48 h. \u0000The initial NTN-1/creatinine ratio negatively correlated with ΔGFR (r=-0.36, p=0.031), NTN-1/creatinine ratio after 24 h did not correlate with aortic clamping time, CPB time, ΔGFR.\u0000In our study, AKI occurred in 12.5% of patients and none required RRT. The occurrence of AKI correlated with CPB time (r=0.35, p=0.027) and aortic clamping time (r=0.44, p=0.005). NTN-1 concentration and NTN-1/creatinine ratio in the AKI group were not significantly higher preoperatively and 24 hours post-surgery than in patients without AKI.The role of urinary NTN-1 in children after cardiac surgery as an early marker of AKI was not confirmed.\u0000No factors affecting the NTN-1/creatinine ratio were found in the study group.\u0000Patients who have longer CPB time and aortic clamping time belong to the high-risk group of AKI after surgery.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grzegorz Kubielas, D. Diakowska, M. Czapla, Catherine Ross, Przemysław Mitkowski, Izabella Uchmanowicz
Due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there have been fundamental changes to the delivery and operation of healthcare facilities across the world, these changes have significantly impacted how patients with a variety of diseases are treated. We aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patient management outcomes among patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and exploring the differences in patients who were treated within and outside the coordinated care programme for patients after ACS (KOS-Zawał).We analysed 472,996 medical records of patients after ACS from 2017 to 2022. The study examined information on deaths in two groups of patients; those included and those not included in the KOS-Zawal.Before COVID-19 pandemic higher mortality rate was shown in the group of patients not covered by the KOS-Zawal benefit compared with patients covered by the benefit (25.5% vs. 15.8%; p<0.0001) decreased significantly. During the COVID-19 a significant higher incidence of death was shown in the group of patients not covered by the KOS-Zawal compared with patients covered by the program (18% vs. 7.9%; p<0.0001). Compared to the time before and during COVID-19, the number of deaths among patients not covered (25.5% vs. 18%; p<0.0001) and covered by the KOS-Zawal (15.8% vs. 7.9%, p<0.0001) decreased significantlyPatients not covered by KOS-Zawal had a significantly higher mortality rate compared to those receiving the program during the pandemic. The pandemic significantly affected patients under KOS-Zawal care, with a reduced mortality.
{"title":"Mortality analysis of patients with acute coronary syndrome receiving comprehensive cardiac care (KOS-Zawał) during the COVID-19 pandemic period","authors":"Grzegorz Kubielas, D. Diakowska, M. Czapla, Catherine Ross, Przemysław Mitkowski, Izabella Uchmanowicz","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188089","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there have been fundamental changes to the delivery and operation of healthcare facilities across the world, these changes have significantly impacted how patients with a variety of diseases are treated. We aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patient management outcomes among patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and exploring the differences in patients who were treated within and outside the coordinated care programme for patients after ACS (KOS-Zawał).We analysed 472,996 medical records of patients after ACS from 2017 to 2022. The study examined information on deaths in two groups of patients; those included and those not included in the KOS-Zawal.Before COVID-19 pandemic higher mortality rate was shown in the group of patients not covered by the KOS-Zawal benefit compared with patients covered by the benefit (25.5% vs. 15.8%; p<0.0001) decreased significantly. During the COVID-19 a significant higher incidence of death was shown in the group of patients not covered by the KOS-Zawal compared with patients covered by the program (18% vs. 7.9%; p<0.0001). Compared to the time before and during COVID-19, the number of deaths among patients not covered (25.5% vs. 18%; p<0.0001) and covered by the KOS-Zawal (15.8% vs. 7.9%, p<0.0001) decreased significantlyPatients not covered by KOS-Zawal had a significantly higher mortality rate compared to those receiving the program during the pandemic. The pandemic significantly affected patients under KOS-Zawal care, with a reduced mortality.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141378690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Bytyçi, Sefer Bytyqi, Gani Abazi, Gani Bajraktari, M. Henein
Non-invasive assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with hypertensive heart disease is still a major clinical challenge. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of different non-invasive techniques in detecting significant (>50%) CAD in hypertensive patients.We systematically searched selected electronic databases from inception until 21st February 2024. Main clinical endpoint was the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive investigations including exercise electrocardiography test (EET), stress echocardiography (SE) and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). The random effects summary receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed.Twenty-five papers with a total of 3812 patients with systemic hypertension and suspected significant CAD were finally included in the meta-analysis. The diagnostic accuracy of SE was the highest compared to the two other investigations (85%, 72%, 53%, p<0.05 for all). SE had higher sensitivity 85% (83-87%) and specificity 81% (79-83%) compared to MPI [Sensitivity 81% (77-83%), specificity 64% (59-68%)] and EET [Sensitivity: 53% (50-65%) and specificity 51% (47-54%)]. All three tested investigations had higher accuracy in patients with multivessel disease compared to those with single-vessel disease (p<0.05 for all). The diagnostic accuracy of SE and MPI was not significantly impacted by left ventricular hypertrophy (p>0.05 for both), compared to EET which was lower in patients with hypertrophy compared to those without (41% vs. 58%, p=0.03). These results were consistent irrespective of the stress echo modality, physical, exercise or pharmacological (p>0.05).This meta-analysis reveals the powerful diagnostic value of stress echocardiography in detecting significant coronary artery disease in hypertension patients.
{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive investigations for coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients: A meta-analysis","authors":"I. Bytyçi, Sefer Bytyqi, Gani Abazi, Gani Bajraktari, M. Henein","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188782","url":null,"abstract":"Non-invasive assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with hypertensive heart disease is still a major clinical challenge. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of different non-invasive techniques in detecting significant (>50%) CAD in hypertensive patients.We systematically searched selected electronic databases from inception until 21st February 2024. Main clinical endpoint was the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive investigations including exercise electrocardiography test (EET), stress echocardiography (SE) and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). The random effects summary receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed.Twenty-five papers with a total of 3812 patients with systemic hypertension and suspected significant CAD were finally included in the meta-analysis. The diagnostic accuracy of SE was the highest compared to the two other investigations (85%, 72%, 53%, p<0.05 for all). SE had higher sensitivity 85% (83-87%) and specificity 81% (79-83%) compared to MPI [Sensitivity 81% (77-83%), specificity 64% (59-68%)] and EET [Sensitivity: 53% (50-65%) and specificity 51% (47-54%)]. All three tested investigations had higher accuracy in patients with multivessel disease compared to those with single-vessel disease (p<0.05 for all). The diagnostic accuracy of SE and MPI was not significantly impacted by left ventricular hypertrophy (p>0.05 for both), compared to EET which was lower in patients with hypertrophy compared to those without (41% vs. 58%, p=0.03). These results were consistent irrespective of the stress echo modality, physical, exercise or pharmacological (p>0.05).This meta-analysis reveals the powerful diagnostic value of stress echocardiography in detecting significant coronary artery disease in hypertension patients.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141381554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antiviral natural products have shown promising alternative for conventional drug-resistance in hepatitis B virus (HBV).We evaluated the in vitro hepatocytotoxicity (HepG2 cells; MTT assay) followed by anti-HBV efficacy (HepG2.2.15 cell; HBV-antigens ELISA) of Ilex paraguariensis leaves total-ethanol extract (IP-Ext) and fractionated preparations in n-hexane (IP-Hex), chloroform (IP-Chl), ethyl acetate (IP-EtAc) and ethanol (IP-EtOH).All tested samples showed non-cytotoxicity except IP-EtAc having mild toxic effect at 200 μg/ml. Their anti-HBV assessment showed dose-dependent inhibitions of HBV antigens (HBs/HBe). At the selected optimal dose (50 μg/ml), while IP-Ext showed mild (HBsAg: 24.2% & HBeAg: 20.6%) and IP-Chl showed moderate (HBsAg: 42.3% & 40.1%) activities, IP-Hex (HBsAg: 55.6% & HBeAg: 52.4%) and IP-EtOH (HBsAg: 53.2% & HBeAg: 50.2%) exhibited high activities. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) validation identified known anti-HBV flavonoids (Rutin: 18.98, Quercetin: 6.52 and Kaempferol: 9.10 μg/g) and polyphenols (Caffeic acid: 11.43 and Chlorogenic acid: 3.22 μg/g) in the extract. Their estimated anti-HBV activities at 10 μg/ml dose were: Quercetin (HBsAg: 67.8 % & HBeAg: 64.4%), Kaempferol (HBsAg: 63.5 % & HBeAg: 61.6%), Chlorogenic acid (HBsAg: 55.2% & HBeAg: 53.8%), Rutin (HBsAg: 51.2% & HBeAg: 48.4%) and Caffeic acid (HBsAg: 42.2% & HBeAg: 39.5%). Notably, while our previous molecular docking studies had shown strong interactions of these flavonoids with HBV polymerase active-residues, here, we demonstrated good binding-affinities of the polyphenols with drug-sensitive (wild-type) and drug-resistant (mutant) polymerases.Taken together, this is the first study suggesting the anti-HBV therapeutic efficacy of I. paraguariensis attributed to its antiviral phytochemicals.
{"title":"Antiviral flavonoids and polyphenols driven novel anti-HBV efficacy of Ilex paraguariensis","authors":"M. Parvez","doi":"10.5114/aoms/188809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/188809","url":null,"abstract":"Antiviral natural products have shown promising alternative for conventional drug-resistance in hepatitis B virus (HBV).We evaluated the in vitro hepatocytotoxicity (HepG2 cells; MTT assay) followed by anti-HBV efficacy (HepG2.2.15 cell; HBV-antigens ELISA) of Ilex paraguariensis leaves total-ethanol extract (IP-Ext) and fractionated preparations in n-hexane (IP-Hex), chloroform (IP-Chl), ethyl acetate (IP-EtAc) and ethanol (IP-EtOH).All tested samples showed non-cytotoxicity except IP-EtAc having mild toxic effect at 200 μg/ml. Their anti-HBV assessment showed dose-dependent inhibitions of HBV antigens (HBs/HBe). At the selected optimal dose (50 μg/ml), while IP-Ext showed mild (HBsAg: 24.2% & HBeAg: 20.6%) and IP-Chl showed moderate (HBsAg: 42.3% & 40.1%) activities, IP-Hex (HBsAg: 55.6% & HBeAg: 52.4%) and IP-EtOH (HBsAg: 53.2% & HBeAg: 50.2%) exhibited high activities. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) validation identified known anti-HBV flavonoids (Rutin: 18.98, Quercetin: 6.52 and Kaempferol: 9.10 μg/g) and polyphenols (Caffeic acid: 11.43 and Chlorogenic acid: 3.22 μg/g) in the extract. Their estimated anti-HBV activities at 10 μg/ml dose were: Quercetin (HBsAg: 67.8 % & HBeAg: 64.4%), Kaempferol (HBsAg: 63.5 % & HBeAg: 61.6%), Chlorogenic acid (HBsAg: 55.2% & HBeAg: 53.8%), Rutin (HBsAg: 51.2% & HBeAg: 48.4%) and Caffeic acid (HBsAg: 42.2% & HBeAg: 39.5%). Notably, while our previous molecular docking studies had shown strong interactions of these flavonoids with HBV polymerase active-residues, here, we demonstrated good binding-affinities of the polyphenols with drug-sensitive (wild-type) and drug-resistant (mutant) polymerases.Taken together, this is the first study suggesting the anti-HBV therapeutic efficacy of I. paraguariensis attributed to its antiviral phytochemicals.","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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