Tip tarihi arastirmalari = History of medicine studies最新文献

Although the Crimean War seems to be a war between the Ottoman and Russian with the support of England an France, in reality, it was a power struggle between the biggest European countries. The cooperation between England - Ottoman Empire and France in the Crimean War meanly determined the result of the war. The Crimean War should not only be evaluated in militarian and political aspect, but also from other perspectives. One of the most important problems for the allied armies in Istanbul and Crimea was related to the health concepts. During the two years long war, problems were the freezing cold and contagious diseases before the Russian soldiers. And thypus, scorbut, cholera and malaria prepears the dead of a large number of soldiers. Although the allied armies won the battle but all the sides fighting in the was lost many people due to contagious diseases. According to the resources, the contagious diseases such as, thypus, cholera and malaria led to the deads of more than ten times of the people who were in the battle field. Thats why, The European armies understood the importance of the treatment diseases in the war and gave importance to the development of military medical services and form this point, the Crimean War became the begining of an important development in military health concept.

The Turkish Society of Physical and Natural Sciences was founded at Istanbul University in 1934 by some foreign and Turkish professor to stimute the researches in physics and biology. The new advancements in these fields and results of the researchs of the members were discussed in sessions and published in the transactions and archives of the society, mostly in German with Turkish summaries. The Society losted its importance after gradually departure of the foreign members from Turkey and particularly foundation independent societies for physics and biology. The activity of the Turkish Society of Physical and Biological Sciences was terminated in 1954.

We have realized in many documents that in the Ottoman period surgeons were involved in pharmaceutics as much as physicians and herbalists. Surgeons employed by the state ordered more drugs than physicians, and it is interesting that in their order list there were mostly singular drugs instead of ready-made ones. In addition to drugs used by surgeons in preparing ointments and plasters, pans and filters were utilized in the process of production, and earthenware pots, tin and wooden boxes with various kinds of paper were ordered for the purpose of packaging. We have determined that most of the single drugs placed onto the lists of surgeons were "ointment of rust" that dries the pus, and "red ointment" that is good for all kinds of pus. The preparation of the ointments were specified in detail in books of surgery (Cerrahnames)We have observed that parallel to the Regulation of 1826, surgeons were given the title of pharmacist when they were appointed to military bodies. 100 kurus (piaster) were paid to surgeons for performing surgery and 50 kurus for preparing drugs, which is another important document indicating that surgeons were more responsible than physicians in preparing drugs.

In this study one of six academic journals published by Istanbul University, Darülfünun Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi (Journal of Darulfunun School of Medicine), is reviewed. This review study covered all issues of the journal published between 1916 and 1933. Our aim was to determine the publication period of the journal, to determine the published papers and their authors, and as a result, to help the researchers for study in the field of history of medicine. According to our review, 1025 manuscripts were published in 96 issues of Darülfünun Tip Fakültesi Mecmuasi. There are many national and international faculties among the authors of the papers. The content of the journal included many research papers written by Turkish faculties, and translated version of some papers published in important international journals. There are also some manuscripts written in English or French in the period after 1928. All these studies reveal that School of Medicine was aware of the progresses in Europe. The journal was published during the World War I and during social reorganization of Turkey. Most of the authors of the journal tried to present the western scientific development to the physicians and students. This provided an established place for the journal at the scientific field of the time, though it was not published regularly. The journal reflects the approach of the School of Medicine to the scientific progresses. The review of this journal contribute to the school of medicine and university historians, as well as it will be resource for the future studies in the field of history of medicine.

Dr. Murat Cankat is one of the most important figures of the history of surgery in Turkey. Dr. Cankat worked many years in Gülhane Hospital and applied several neurosurgical interventions. In this study the neurosurgical studies, manuscripts and books of Dr. Cankat were reviewed.

Neurosurgery started in our country in the decade of 20th century. However, several neurosurgical procedures were performed by other specialities. Dr. Mim Kemal Oke is among the surgeons who performed some neurosurgical procedures sporadically. In this study, the life, neurosurgical procedures and publications of Mim Kemal were reviewed.

The knowledge regarding the history of different disciplines in medicine is of importance. As in each discipline, there are also some pioneers in neurosurgery. The name of Dr. Abdulkadir Cahit Tuner, is among the first pioneers in neurosurgery. As the first physician who went for training of neurosurgery, Dr Tuner made several cranial and spinal operations. In this manuscript, the life and the articles of Dr. Abdulkadir Cahit Tuner were reviewed.

Old books on sexual life and erotic experience in Islamic literature.