Annual review of plant biology最新文献_第10页

Parasitic Plants: An Overview of Mechanisms by Which Plants Perceive and Respond to Parasites. 寄生植物：植物感知和响应寄生虫的机制综述。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-102820-100635

Min-Yao Jhu, N. Sinha

In contrast to most autotrophic plants, which produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide using photosynthesis, parasitic plants obtain water and nutrients by parasitizing host plants. Many important crop plants are infested by these heterotrophic plants, leading to severe agricultural loss and reduced food security. Understanding how host plants perceive and resist parasitic plants provides insight into underlying defense mechanisms and the potential for agricultural applications. In this review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of host perception of parasitic plants and the pre-attachment and post-attachment defense responses mounted by the host. Since most current research overlooks the role of organ specificity in resistance responses, we also summarize the current understanding and cases of cross-organ parasitism, which indicates nonconventional haustorial connections on other host organs, for example, when stem parasitic plants form haustoria on their host roots. Understanding how different tissue types respond to parasitic plants could provide the potential for developing a universal resistance mechanism in crops against both root and stem parasitic plants. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

与大多数利用光合作用从二氧化碳中产生碳水化合物的自养植物不同，寄生植物通过寄生寄主植物获得水分和营养物质。许多重要的农作物受到这些异养植物的侵染，导致严重的农业损失和粮食安全下降。了解寄主植物如何感知和抵抗寄生植物，有助于深入了解潜在的防御机制和农业应用潜力。在这篇综述中，我们全面概述了寄主对寄生植物的感知以及寄主在附着前和附着后的防御反应。由于目前大多数研究都忽略了器官特异性在抗性反应中的作用，我们也总结了目前对跨器官寄生的理解和案例，这表明在其他寄主器官上有非常规的吸器连接，例如茎寄生植物在寄主根部形成吸器。了解不同组织类型对寄生植物的反应可以为开发作物对根和茎寄生植物的普遍抗性机制提供潜力。预计《植物生物学年度评论》第73卷的最终在线出版日期为2022年5月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。

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引用次数: 12

Cereal Endosperms: Development and Storage Product Accumulation. 谷物胚乳:发育与贮藏产物积累。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070221-024405

Jinxin Liu, Ming-Wei Wu, Chun-Ming Liu

The persistent triploid endosperms of cereal crops are the most important source of human food and animal feed. The development of cereal endosperms progresses through coenocytic nuclear division, cellularization, aleurone and starchy endosperm differentiation, and storage product accumulation. In the past few decades, the cell biological processes involved in endosperm formation in most cereals have been described. Molecular genetic studies performed in recent years led to the identification of the genes underlying endosperm differentiation, regulatory network governing storage product accumulation, and epigenetic mechanism underlying imprinted gene expression. In this article, we outline recent progress in this area and propose hypothetical models to illustrate machineries that control aleurone and starchy endosperm differentiation, sugar loading, and storage product accumulations. A future challenge in this area is to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying coenocytic nuclear division, endosperm cellularization, and programmed cell death. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

谷类作物的持久性三倍体胚乳是人类食物和动物饲料的最重要来源。谷物胚乳的发育过程包括共核分裂、细胞化、糊粉和淀粉胚乳分化以及贮藏产物的积累。在过去的几十年里，人们已经描述了大多数谷物胚乳形成的细胞生物学过程。近年来进行的分子遗传学研究鉴定了胚乳分化的基因、控制贮藏产物积累的调控网络以及印迹基因表达的表观遗传学机制。在这篇文章中，我们概述了这一领域的最新进展，并提出了假设的模型来说明控制糊粉和淀粉胚乳分化、糖负荷和贮藏产物积累的机制。该领域未来的挑战是破解共核分裂、胚乳细胞化和程序性细胞死亡的分子机制。《植物生物学年度评论》第73卷预计最终在线出版日期为2022年5月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。

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引用次数: 20

Evolution and Functions of Plant U-Box Proteins: From Protein Quality Control to Signaling. 植物U-Box蛋白质的进化和功能：从蛋白质质量控制到信号传导。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-102720-012310

Jana Trenner, Jacqueline Monaghan, Bushra Saeed, M. Quint, N. Shabek, M. Trujillo

Posttranslational modifications add complexity and diversity to cellular proteomes. One of the most prevalent modifications across eukaryotes is ubiquitination, which is orchestrated by E3 ubiquitin ligases. U-box-containing E3 ligases have massively expanded in the plant kingdom and have diversified into plant U-box proteins (PUBs). PUBs likely originated from two or three ancestral forms, fusing with diverse functional subdomains that resulted in neofunctionalization. Their emergence and diversification may reflect adaptations to stress during plant evolution, reflecting changes in the needs of plant proteomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. Through their close association with protein kinases, they are physically linked to cell signaling hubs and activate feedback loops by dynamically pairing with E2-ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes to generate distinct ubiquitin polymers that themselves act as signals. Here, we complement current knowledge with comparative genomics to gain a deeper understanding of PUB function, focusing on their evolution and structural adaptations of key U-box residues, as well as their various roles in plant cells. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

翻译后修饰增加了细胞蛋白质组的复杂性和多样性。在真核生物中最普遍的修饰之一是泛素化，它是由E3泛素连接酶协调的。含U-box的E3连接酶已在植物界大规模扩展，并已多样化为植物U-box蛋白（PUBs）。PUBs可能起源于两种或三种祖先形式，与不同的功能亚结构域融合，导致新功能化。它们的出现和多样化可能反映了植物进化过程中对压力的适应，反映了植物蛋白质组维持细胞稳态需求的变化。通过与蛋白激酶的紧密结合，它们与细胞信号中枢物理连接，并通过与E2泛素偶联酶动态配对来激活反馈回路，从而产生不同的泛素聚合物，这些聚合物本身充当信号。在这里，我们用比较基因组学补充现有知识，以更深入地了解PUB的功能，重点关注它们的进化和关键U型盒残基的结构适应，以及它们在植物细胞中的各种作用。《植物生物学年度评论》第73卷预计最终在线出版日期为2022年5月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。

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引用次数: 13

The Costs and Benefits of Plant-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Interactions. 植物丛枝菌根真菌相互作用的成本和效益。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-102820-124504

Alison E. Bennett, K. Groten

The symbiotic interaction between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is often perceived as beneficial for both partners, though a large ecological literature highlights the context dependency of this interaction. Changes in abiotic variables, such as nutrient availability, can drive the interaction along the mutualism-parasitism continuum with variable outcomes for plant growth and fitness. However, AM fungi can benefit plants in more ways than improved phosphorus nutrition and plant growth. For example, AM fungi can promote abiotic and biotic stress tolerance even when considered parasitic from a nutrient provision perspective. Other than being obligate biotrophs, very little is known about the benefits AM fungi gain from plants. In this review, we utilize both molecular biology and ecological approaches to expand our understanding of the plant-AM fungal interaction across disciplines. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

植物和丛枝菌根(AM)真菌之间的共生相互作用通常被认为对双方都有益，尽管大量的生态学文献强调了这种相互作用的环境依赖性。非生物变量的变化，如养分有效性，可以驱动共生-寄生连续体的相互作用，对植物的生长和适应有不同的结果。然而，AM真菌除了改善磷营养和植物生长外，还可以通过其他方式使植物受益。例如，AM真菌可以促进非生物和生物胁迫耐受性，即使从营养供应的角度考虑是寄生的。除了作为专性生物营养物，AM真菌从植物中获得的好处知之甚少。在这篇综述中，我们利用分子生物学和生态学的方法来扩展我们对植物- am真菌相互作用的跨学科理解。预计《植物生物学年度评论》第73卷的最终在线出版日期为2022年5月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。

引用次数: 39

The Land-Sea Connection: Insights Into the Plant Lineage from a Green Algal Perspective. 陆海联系:从绿藻的角度看植物谱系。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-071921-100530

Charles Bachy, Fabian Wittmers, Jan Muschiol, Maria Hamilton, B. Henrissat, A. Worden

The colonization of land by plants generated opportunities for the rise of new heterotrophic life forms, including humankind. A unique event underpinned this massive change to earth ecosystems-the advent of eukaryotic green algae. Today, an abundant marine green algal group, the prasinophytes, alongside prasinodermophytes and nonmarine chlorophyte algae are facilitating insights into plant developments. Genome-level data allow identification of conserved proteins and protein families with extensive modifications, losses, or gains and expansion patterns that connect to niche specialization and diversification. Here, we contextualize attributes according to Viridiplantae evolutionary relationships, starting with orthologous protein families, and then focusing on key elements with marked differentiation, resulting in patchy distributions across green algae and plants. We place attention on peptidoglycan biosynthesis, important for plastid division and walls; phytochrome photosensors that are master regulators in plants; and carbohydrate-active enzymes, essential to all manner of carbohydrate biotransformations. Together with advances in algal model systems, these areas are ripe for discovering molecular roles and innovations within and across plant and algal lineages. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

植物对土地的殖民为包括人类在内的新的异养生命形式的出现创造了机会。一个独特的事件支撑了地球生态系统的巨大变化——真核绿藻的出现。今天，一个丰富的海洋绿藻群，prasinophytes，与prasindermophytes和非海洋绿藻正在促进对植物发育的认识。基因组水平的数据允许鉴定具有广泛修饰、损失或增益的保守蛋白质和蛋白质家族，以及与生态位专业化和多样化相关的扩展模式。在此，我们根据绿藻的进化关系，从同源蛋白家族开始，然后关注具有显著分化的关键元素，将属性置于背景中，从而得出绿藻和植物之间的斑块分布。我们把重点放在肽聚糖的生物合成，重要的质体分裂和壁;光敏色素光感受器是植物的主要调节器;碳水化合物活性酶，对所有碳水化合物生物转化都是必不可少的。随着藻类模型系统的进步，这些领域已经成熟，可以发现植物和藻类谱系内部和之间的分子作用和创新。预计《植物生物学年度评论》第73卷的最终在线出版日期为2022年5月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。

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引用次数: 11

Meeting in the Middle: Lessons and Opportunities from Studying C3-C4 Intermediates. 中级课程:学习C3-C4中级课程的经验与机遇。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-102720-114201

Mae Antonette Mercado, Anthony J. Studer

The discovery of C3-C4 intermediate species nearly 50 years ago opened up a new avenue for studying the evolution of photosynthetic pathways. Intermediate species exhibit anatomical, biochemical, and physiological traits that range from C3 to C4. A key feature of C3-C4 intermediates that utilize C2 photosynthesis is the improvement in photosynthetic efficiency compared with C3 species. Although the recruitment of some core enzymes is shared across lineages, there is significant variability in gene expression patterns, consistent with models that suggest numerous evolutionary paths from C3 to C4 photosynthesis. Despite the many evolutionary trajectories, the recruitment of glycine decarboxylase for C2 photosynthesis is likely required. As technologies enable high-throughput genotyping and phenotyping, the discovery of new C3-C4 intermediates species will enrich comparisons between evolutionary lineages. The investigation of C3-C4 intermediate species will enhance our understanding of photosynthetic mechanisms and evolutionary processes and will potentially aid in crop improvement. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

近50年前C3-C4中间物种的发现为研究光合途径的进化开辟了一条新途径。中间物种表现出从C3到C4的解剖、生化和生理特征。利用C2光合作用的C3-C4中间体的一个关键特征是与C3物种相比光合效率的提高。尽管一些核心酶的募集在不同谱系中是共享的，但基因表达模式存在显著的可变性，这与从C3到C4光合作用的许多进化路径的模型一致。尽管有许多进化轨迹，但C2光合作用可能需要甘氨酸脱羧酶的补充。随着技术能够实现高通量基因分型和表型，新的C3-C4中间体物种的发现将丰富进化谱系之间的比较。对C3-C4中间物种的研究将增强我们对光合机制和进化过程的理解，并可能有助于作物改良。《植物生物学年度评论》第73卷预计最终在线出版日期为2022年5月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。

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引用次数: 3

Climate Change Risks to Global Forest Health: Emergence of Unexpected Events of Elevated Tree Mortality Worldwide. 气候变化对全球森林健康的风险:全球树木死亡率上升的意外事件的出现。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-102820-012804

H. Hartmann, Ana Bastos, Adrian J. Das, Adriane Esquivel‐Muelbert, W. M. Hammond, J. Martínez‐Vilalta, N. McDowell, J. Powers, T. Pugh, K. Ruthrof, C. Allen

Recent observations of elevated tree mortality following climate extremes, like heat and drought, raise concerns about climate change risks to global forest health. We currently lack both sufficient data and understanding to identify whether these observations represent a global trend toward increasing tree mortality. Here, we document events of sudden and unexpected elevated tree mortality following heat and drought events in ecosystems that previously were considered tolerant or not at risk of exposure. These events underscore the fact that climate change may affect forests with unexpected force in the future. We use the events as examples to highlight current difficulties and challenges for realistically predicting such tree mortality events and the uncertainties about future forest condition. Advances in remote sensing technology and greater availably of high-resolution data, from both field assessments and from satellites, are needed to improve both understanding and prediction of forest responses to future climate change. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

最近观察到，高温和干旱等极端气候导致树木死亡率上升，这引发了人们对气候变化对全球森林健康风险的担忧。我们目前缺乏足够的数据和理解来确定这些观测结果是否代表了全球树木死亡率上升的趋势。在这里，我们记录了在以前被认为是耐受或没有暴露风险的生态系统中，在高温和干旱事件之后，树木死亡率突然和意外升高的事件。这些事件突显了一个事实，即气候变化可能在未来以意想不到的力量影响森林。我们以这些事件为例，强调了现实预测此类树木死亡事件的当前困难和挑战，以及未来森林状况的不确定性。需要遥感技术的进步和来自实地评估和卫星的高分辨率数据的更大可用性，以提高对森林应对未来气候变化的理解和预测。《植物生物学年度评论》第73卷预计最终在线出版日期为2022年5月。请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates用于修订估算。

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引用次数: 76

H+-ATPases in Plant Growth and Stress Responses. H+- atp酶在植物生长和胁迫反应中的作用。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-102820-114551

Ying Li, Houqing Zeng, Feiyun Xu, F. Yan, Weifeng Xu

H+-ATPases, including the phosphorylated intermediate-type (P-type) and vacuolar-type (V-type) H+-ATPases, are important ATP-driven proton pumps that generate membrane potential and provide proton motive force for secondary active transport. P- and V-type H+-ATPases have distinct structures and subcellular localizations and play various roles in growth and stress responses. A P-type H+-ATPase is mainly regulated at the posttranslational level by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of residues in its autoinhibitory C terminus. The expression and activity of both P- and V-type H+-ATPases are highly regulated by hormones and environmental cues. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in understanding of the evolution, regulation, and physiological roles of P- and V-type H+-ATPases, which coordinate and are involved in plant growth and stress adaptation. Understanding the different roles and the regulatory mechanisms of P- and V-type H+-ATPases provides a new perspective for improving plant growth and stress tolerance by modulating the activity of H+-ATPases, which will mitigate the increasing environmental stress conditions with ongoing global climate change. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

H+- atp酶，包括磷酸化的中间型(p型)和液泡型(v型)H+- atp酶，是atp驱动的重要质子泵，产生膜电位，为二次主动转运提供质子动力。P型和v型H+- atp酶具有不同的结构和亚细胞定位，在生长和应激反应中发挥不同的作用。p型H+- atp酶主要通过其自身抑制C端残基的磷酸化和去磷酸化在翻译后水平进行调节。P型和v型H+- atp酶的表达和活性都受到激素和环境因素的高度调节。本文综述了P型和v型H+- atp酶的进化、调控和生理作用等方面的研究进展，并对它们在植物生长和逆境适应中的作用进行了综述。了解P型和v型H+- atp酶的不同作用和调控机制，为通过调节H+- atp酶的活性来改善植物的生长和抗逆性提供了新的视角，从而缓解全球气候变化日益加剧的环境胁迫条件。预计《植物生物学年度评论》第73卷的最终在线出版日期为2022年5月。修订后的估计数请参阅http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。

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引用次数: 23

Time-Based Systems Biology Approaches to Capture and Model Dynamic Gene Regulatory Networks. 基于时间的系统生物学方法捕捉和模拟动态基因调控网络。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2021-06-17 Epub Date: 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-081320-090914

Jose M Alvarez, Matthew D Brooks, Joseph Swift, Gloria M Coruzzi

All aspects of transcription and its regulation involve dynamic events. However, capturing these dynamic events in gene regulatory networks (GRNs) offers both a promise and a challenge. The promise is that capturing and modeling the dynamic changes in GRNs will allow us to understand how organisms adapt to a changing environment. The ability to mount a rapid transcriptional response to environmental changes is especially important in nonmotile organisms such as plants. The challenge is to capture these dynamic, genome-wide events and model them in GRNs. In this review, we cover recent progress in capturing dynamic interactions of transcription factors with their targets-at both the local and genome-wide levels-and how they are used to learn how GRNs operate as a function of time. We also discuss recent advances that employ time-based machine learning approaches to forecast gene expression at future time points, a key goal of systems biology.

转录及其调控的各个方面都涉及动态事件。然而，在基因调控网络(grn)中捕捉这些动态事件既带来了希望，也带来了挑战。捕获和模拟grn的动态变化将使我们能够了解生物体如何适应不断变化的环境。对环境变化进行快速转录反应的能力在植物等非运动生物中尤为重要。挑战在于捕捉这些动态的全基因组事件并在grn中建模。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了在捕获转录因子与其靶标的动态相互作用方面的最新进展-在局部和全基因组水平上-以及如何使用它们来了解grn如何作为时间函数运行。我们还讨论了采用基于时间的机器学习方法来预测未来时间点基因表达的最新进展，这是系统生物学的一个关键目标。

引用次数: 12

Biological Phase Separation and Biomolecular Condensates in Plants. 植物中的生物相分离和生物分子凝结物。

IF 23.9 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Annual review of plant biology

Pub Date : 2021-06-17 Epub Date: 2021-03-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-081720-015238

Ryan J Emenecker, Alex S Holehouse, Lucia C Strader

A surge in research focused on understanding the physical principles governing the formation, properties, and function of membraneless compartments has occurred over the past decade. Compartments such as the nucleolus, stress granules, and nuclear speckles have been designated as biomolecular condensates to describe their shared property of spatially concentrating biomolecules. Although this research has historically been carried out in animal and fungal systems, recent work has begun to explore whether these same principles are relevant in plants. Effectively understanding and studying biomolecular condensates require interdisciplinary expertise that spans cell biology, biochemistry, and condensed matter physics and biophysics. As such, some involved concepts may be unfamiliar to any given individual. This review focuses on introducing concepts essential to the study of biomolecular condensates and phase separation for biologists seeking to carry out research in this area and further examines aspects of biomolecular condensates that are relevant to plant systems.

过去十年间，有关无膜区室的形成、特性和功能的物理原理的研究激增。核仁、应激颗粒和核斑点等区室被称为生物分子凝聚体，以描述它们在空间上聚集生物分子的共同特性。虽然这项研究历来是在动物和真菌系统中进行的，但最近的工作已开始探索这些原理是否也适用于植物。有效理解和研究生物分子凝聚物需要跨学科的专业知识，包括细胞生物学、生物化学、凝聚态物理学和生物物理学。因此，某些相关概念可能对任何人来说都是陌生的。本综述重点介绍生物分子凝聚物和相分离研究的基本概念，供希望在这一领域开展研究的生物学家参考，并进一步探讨生物分子凝聚物与植物系统相关的各个方面。

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引用次数: 0