Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico最新文献

Background: Obesity is a multifactorial disorder characterized by increased body adiposity with a wide prevalence in our country, at any age, and linked to major adverse consequences, including the development of heart disease. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs are interdisciplinary interventions aimed not only at restoring the lost functionality of patients who have suffered a cardiovascular outcome, but also at correcting those risk factors that led to it and that interfere with its adaptive results. Obesity contributes to perpetuating heart disease risk and is often resistant to conventional lifestyle modifications.

Objective: Establish guidelines in the recognition of obesity with care guidelines for patients with heart disease within CR programs and their interdisciplinary approach.

Method: Through an extensive bibliographical review and after an interdisciplinary discussion, this document was prepared to establish a position on the approach to obesity in the context of CR programs in patients with heart disease.

Results and conclusions: Our Society recognizes the interdisciplinary approach of our patients with obesity and heart disease in its primary and secondary prevention, urges precision in its diagnosis and assessment, recommends that its primary axis must be based in the first instance on lifestyle modifications (physical training, nutritional care and psycho-emotional intervention), while pharmacological therapy and bariatric surgery could be coadjuvants in optimizing the results in selected patients.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the immediate and long-term outcomes of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) between patients under and over the age of 80 with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

Methods: From 2011 to 2017, we conducted a retrospective cohort study with AAA patients who received elective EVAR. Primary outcomes included hospital mortality, length of stay, acute kidney injury, and the need for re-interventions. Secondary outcomes included aneurysm-related mortality, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, acute limb ischemia, and prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Results: A total of 77 (62.6%) patients under the age of 80 years old and 46 (37.4%) octogenarians were included in the study. The male gender and AAA diameter did not differ among groups (92.2% vs. 82.6%, p = 0.11 and 5.4 cm [4.9-6.2 cm] vs. 5.4 cm [5-6 cm], p = 0.53, respectively). The younger patients had a higher prevalence of tobacco use (72.7% vs. 41.7%, p = 0.01). There were no deaths during the index hospitalization. The incidence of reinterventions (5.3% vs. 15.2%, p = 0.11) and acute kidney injury (14.3% vs. 23.9%, p = 0.18) did not differ between groups, but the length of stay was longer for octogenarian patients (3 days [2-4] vs. 2 days [2-3, p = 0.04)]. Endoleaks were the most common cause for re-interventions (81.8%), with a prevalence of 34% across the entire cohort. There were no differences in any of the secondary outcomes between groups.

Conclusion: In octogenarian patients with AAA, EVAR represents a safe procedure both during the index hospitalization and during long-term follow-up.

Introduction: In Mexico, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as an interdisciplinary intervention with therapeutic impact in patients with heart disease is growing. There is the need to know actual conditions of CR in our country.

Objectives: The objective of this National Registry is to follow-up those existing and new CR units in Mexico through the comparison between the two previous registries, RENAPREC-2009 and RENAPREC II-2015 studies. This is a descriptive study focused on diverse CR activities such as assistance training, and certification of health professionals, barriers, reference, population attended, interdisciplinarity, permanence over time, growth prospects, regulations, post-pandemic condition, integrative characteristics, and scientific research.

Results: Data were collected from 45 CR centers in the 32 states, 75.5% are private practice units, 67% are new, 33% were part of RENAPREC II-2015, and 17 have continued since 2009. With a better distribution of CR units along the territory, the median reference of candidates for CR programs is 9% with a significant reduction into tiempo of enrollment to Phase II admission (19 ± 11 days). Regarding to previous registries, the coverance of Phases I, II, and III is 71%, 100%, and 93%, respectively; and a coverance increases in evaluation, risk stratification, and prescription, more comprehensive attendance and prevention strategies.

Conclusions: CR in Mexico has grown in the past 7 years. Even there is still low reference and heterogeneity in specific processes, there are strengths such as interdisciplinarity, scientific professionalization of specialists, national diversification, and an official society that are consolidated over time.

Aim: To analyse the potential usefulness and clinical relevance of the assessment by echocardiography with left atrial strain, based on the myocardial atrial deformation curves with speckle-tracking velocity vector imaging (VVI), in the analysis of short-form recurrent atrial extra systoles in ambulatory patients not suffering from organic cardiopathy.

Methods: We designed a descriptive, prospective, and observational study including 270 patients between the ages of 18 and 75 assessed during an outpatient cardiology consultation attended due to palpitations over a period of two years. Using ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring, we selected cases with short forms of repetitive atrial extrasystole, isolated or recurrentatrial fibrillation and a control group formed by those patients without repetitive ectopia. All patients underwent a thorough echocardiographic study during their first cardiological visit.

Results: The analysis of the dynamic curves segmental deformation generated after an atrial extrasystole can reveal different points of origin of the extrasystole and detect specific anatomical alterations in the interatrial conduction at the level of the Bachmann's fascicle showing different models of electro anatomical activation possibly involved in the appearance of repetitive forms. Higher values of dyssynchrony between the septal and lateral wall and elongation in the time of interatrial electromechanical conduction could also be related to the existence of repetitive ectopic beats.

Conclusions: Our ambulatory study employing the left atrial longitudinal strain, particularly in its segmental analysis, provides new insights into its the usefulness and potential clinical relevance.

Objetive: To present a risk-ajusted score of complications during cardias catheterization in congenital heart disease.

Design: observational, analitic, ambispective of 3.504 cases. The data analyzed included age, heart disease, type of procedure, major and minor complications.

Methods: 3.504 procedures performed between october 1987 and may 2019. The variables were age, heart disease, procedere and clinical stege. Each patients was categorized as low risk 5 to 7 points, moderate risk 8 to 11 points and higt risk 12 to 22 points. The score was validated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and the ROC curve (Receiver Operating Characteristic).

Results: complications 177 (5%) 66 major (1.9%) and 111 minor (3.1%). Mortality was 0.4% (15 patients). The low-risk group (n = 825) had 1.5% complications; moderate risk (n = 2,221) 4.9%; high risk (n: 458) 12% (p < 0.001). The analysis of the retrospective data (n = 2953) was validated with prospective (n = 551) using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, showed that the predicted values are similar to those observed.

Conclusions: Complications continue to occur despite the evolution of the technique. The score was useful for stratifying patients and knowing the probability of complication before the procedere.