Archivum veterinarium Polonicum最新文献

Experiments conducted on the freezability of 400 ejaculates collected from 64 stallions demonstrate the possibility of predicting the semen's ability to withstand the freezing/thawing process. If the sperm concentration, AspAT activity and total protein content in the seminal plasma of raw ejaculates are determined before freezing, the effects of freezing may be forecast in about 80% of the ejaculates.

Employing different histochemical methods, the morphology of the paracervical (Frankenhauser) ganglion is described in sexually immature pigs. The bilateral ganglion of an elongated shape is situated on both sides of the ventro-lateral surface of the cervical and vaginal wall in the proximity of their junction, lying under the serous membrane. Three main groups of cells have been identified and described, namely: principal cells, SIF cells and satellite cells. It has been determined that some of these cells contain noradrenaline, others, however, acetylcholinesterase. The paracervical ganglion is most likely the main source of supplying the vagina, cervix, uterine corpus and partly its horns with postganglionic adrenergic fibers.

The experiments were carried out on 3 sheep with one pair of platinum electrodes chronically implanted in the reticulum wall. The reticulum action potentials were recorded simultaneously from the body surface (using the needle electrodes placed subcutaneously) and from the implanted electrodes using an electroencephalograph Reega XVI Duplex TR. It was found that the two- or three-phase deflections on the electroreticulograms obtained from the body surface were exactly correlated with the series of potential spikes on the records from the implanted electrodes. The number of phases in each deflection was equal to the number of the series of potential spikes during the reticulum excitation. During the reticulum hypotony the decrease in action potentials was observed. That is why we were not able to record the electrical activity from the body surface, while it was still possible to record electroreticulograms from the implanted electrodes.

It was found that 100 ml of 5% glucose solution, 200 ml of acetylsalicyclic acid or 200 ml of chlormethine introduced into udder quarter caused a temporary irritation of mammary gland in healthy cows after a single intramammary inlocation. The changes in milk manifested by an increase of somatic cells number, serum albumins level and LDH activity, and decreased lactose content disappeared after 48-60 hours.

The studies were carried out on calves from 1st to 21st day of life. Cortisol level and reactivity of adrenal cortex to exogenous ACTH were analysed. The highest level of cortisol in blood was observed in first days of life in the calves. Then the level became considerably decreased. In the experimental group two subgroups differing in cortisol level were distinguished. High or low level occurred on the first day and the difference kept over two weeks of their life. Adrenal cortex just on the day of birth showed full functional maturity of molecular receptors binding ACTH.

The influence of 12-, 24- and 48-h normobaric hyperoxia on phospholipid composition of lung surfactant in rats was investigated. Both in surfactant isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage and in surfactant isolated from lung tissue after 12 h breathing of pure oxygen, a decrease in both phosphatidylcholine (particularly in disaturated ones) and phosphatidylglycerol content was observed. This decrease was compensated with concomitant increase in lysophosphoglyceride content. A drop in total phospholipid level in surfactant of oxygen-exposed rats was observed. These data suggest that normobaric hyperoxia causes a substantial changes in lung surfactant composition and type II pneumocyte metabolism.

The severity of damage to gastric mucosa and the levels of malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes (C.D.) as well as the activity of catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) and superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1.) in rat's gastric mucosa were assessed 2 hours after the oral administration of 50% ethyl alcohol by means of a stainless steel tube. It was found that 50% ethanol administered per os caused numerous ulcerous changes in gastric mucosa, increased the levels of MDA, hydroperoxides, both isoenzymes of superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn SOD and Mn SOD), glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. The interpretation of the phenomenon was presented, emphasizing the protective role of antioxidant enzymes counteracting the formation of ulcers in gastric mucosa.

In the experiment the values of parameters of antipyrine kinetics were defined (Vd - volume of distribution, t0.5 - half-life, CA - metabolic clearance) in calves in January, April, July and October 1986 and in January and July 1987. Statistically significant increase of distribution volume and increase of hepatic antipyrine clearance were recorded, as well as significant shortening of half-life of this substance in the organism of tested animals in summer 1986 and 1987, compared with the remaining seasons of the year. Antipyrine pharmacokinetics in winter, spring, autumn 1986 and winter 1986/87 did not differ significantly.

The purpose of the present work was to make a thorough study of the ultrastructure of yeasts Pityrosporum pachydermatis under transmission electron microscope. The study revealed an additional layer, that has not been described so far, situated outside the cell wall. Because its presence could be proved exclusively in the specimens prepared by means of a method which permits minimal washing out of lipids from biological material (dehydration by means of hexylene glycol and immersion in the resin of low viscosity), one can assume, that lipids are one of the components of this outer layer and they bind its structure together.

Serotonin content in the pineal glands and in their subcellular fractions of the pig housed under natural and limited to circa 2.5 hours per day lighting conditions has been examined spectrofluorometrically. The shortened circadian light phase caused dramatically high drop of serotonin content in the evening (1900-2000). Correlation between presence of dense bodies in subcellular fractions and content of serotonin has been not observed.