Pub Date : 2010-04-09DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00447
Zhao Ju-qin, Zhan Ming-jun
Increasing shortage of water and land resources is an uncontroversial fact with population growth and economic development in Gansu Province.How to alleviate the pressure of water and land resources is a major issue faced by decision-makers.Based on the concept of virtual water and virtual land,in this paper a matrix of virtual resources flows condensed in grain and an outline of virtual resources trade are developed through the grain supply and demand at different consumption levels in Gansu Province in 2005 and the next decades.The result shows that the ultimate output of grain in Gansu Province in 2005 could satisfy a per capita grain consumption of 300 kg only.In order to achieve the ample and well-off grain consumptions,it needs to import grain of 6.80×105~1.97×106 t from other provinces or foreign countries.It is predicted that the inter-regional virtual flows of water and land resources condensed in grain will be 4.23×109~6.74×109 m3 and 6.00×105~9.44×105 hm2 respectively by 2020.In a long-term,the trend of virtual resources flows from the Hexi Corridor to the ecological regions in the central and southern parts of Gansu Province will not be significantly changed.The virtual resources trade provides a new choice for guaranteeing the food security and alleviating the shortage of resources in Gansu Province.
{"title":"Calculation of the Virtual Resources Flows Condensed in Grain in Gansu Province","authors":"Zhao Ju-qin, Zhan Ming-jun","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00447","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing shortage of water and land resources is an uncontroversial fact with population growth and economic development in Gansu Province.How to alleviate the pressure of water and land resources is a major issue faced by decision-makers.Based on the concept of virtual water and virtual land,in this paper a matrix of virtual resources flows condensed in grain and an outline of virtual resources trade are developed through the grain supply and demand at different consumption levels in Gansu Province in 2005 and the next decades.The result shows that the ultimate output of grain in Gansu Province in 2005 could satisfy a per capita grain consumption of 300 kg only.In order to achieve the ample and well-off grain consumptions,it needs to import grain of 6.80×105~1.97×106 t from other provinces or foreign countries.It is predicted that the inter-regional virtual flows of water and land resources condensed in grain will be 4.23×109~6.74×109 m3 and 6.00×105~9.44×105 hm2 respectively by 2020.In a long-term,the trend of virtual resources flows from the Hexi Corridor to the ecological regions in the central and southern parts of Gansu Province will not be significantly changed.The virtual resources trade provides a new choice for guaranteeing the food security and alleviating the shortage of resources in Gansu Province.","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"447-451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69821921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-09DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2010.00306
L. Xuejun, Zhang Fu-suo
In this paper,a case study on atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition in the main regions of China is carried,and the definition,forms and amount of nutrient from environment(NFE) and the relationship between NFE and N discharge to atmosphere caused by human activities are summarized.Based the study results in this paper and the references,it is fund that N wet and dry deposition has become as an important nutrient resources in agricultural and natural ecosystems in China.The total annual amount of N deposition and other N forms from environment in China is up to 1.8×107 t,and equals to approximately 60% of the national N fertilizer consumption.Therefore,it is crucial to fully utilize the environmental nutrient resources by managing the nutrient resources in an integrative so as to achieve the sustainable development of both agricultural and natural ecosystems.It is suggested to develop a nationwide network for monitoring and quantitatively researching the N wet and dry deposition and carrying out the long-term experiment about the ecological response and feedback of some sensitive ecosystems to N deposition from atmosphere.
{"title":"Nutrient from environment and its effect in nutrient resources management of ecosystems: a case study on atmospheric nitrogen deposition.","authors":"L. Xuejun, Zhang Fu-suo","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2010.00306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2010.00306","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper,a case study on atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition in the main regions of China is carried,and the definition,forms and amount of nutrient from environment(NFE) and the relationship between NFE and N discharge to atmosphere caused by human activities are summarized.Based the study results in this paper and the references,it is fund that N wet and dry deposition has become as an important nutrient resources in agricultural and natural ecosystems in China.The total annual amount of N deposition and other N forms from environment in China is up to 1.8×107 t,and equals to approximately 60% of the national N fertilizer consumption.Therefore,it is crucial to fully utilize the environmental nutrient resources by managing the nutrient resources in an integrative so as to achieve the sustainable development of both agricultural and natural ecosystems.It is suggested to develop a nationwide network for monitoring and quantitatively researching the N wet and dry deposition and carrying out the long-term experiment about the ecological response and feedback of some sensitive ecosystems to N deposition from atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"306-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69830417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-09DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00396
S. Xi, Wang Mi-xia, Yao YaQin, Cai Huan-jie
Under the conditions of glassy sunlight greenhouse,in this paper the effects of water deficit in varying degrees and irrigation on dry matter accumulation,root activity,water use efficiency(WUE),proline content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity of maize are studied by carrying out the potted plant experiments.The results reveal that water deficit restricts obviously the plant growth,leaf area expansion and dry matter accumulation of maize,and the restriction degree is closely related to the water deficit degree.After irrigated,the stem height and leaf area of maize are obviously compensated.With the increase of degree of water deficit,the root/crown ratio and the root activity of maize are increased to some extent except that under severe water deficit,water use efficiency is correspondingly is decreased,proline content is remarkably increased,but the superoxide dismutase activity is increased at first,and then decreased.After irrigated,the water use efficiency is higher than that in the contrast plot,and other indexes are all lower except the superoxide dismutase activity is slightly higher than that in the contrast plot.
{"title":"Effects of water deficit on dry matter accumulation, wue and physiological indexes of maize.","authors":"S. Xi, Wang Mi-xia, Yao YaQin, Cai Huan-jie","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00396","url":null,"abstract":"Under the conditions of glassy sunlight greenhouse,in this paper the effects of water deficit in varying degrees and irrigation on dry matter accumulation,root activity,water use efficiency(WUE),proline content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity of maize are studied by carrying out the potted plant experiments.The results reveal that water deficit restricts obviously the plant growth,leaf area expansion and dry matter accumulation of maize,and the restriction degree is closely related to the water deficit degree.After irrigated,the stem height and leaf area of maize are obviously compensated.With the increase of degree of water deficit,the root/crown ratio and the root activity of maize are increased to some extent except that under severe water deficit,water use efficiency is correspondingly is decreased,proline content is remarkably increased,but the superoxide dismutase activity is increased at first,and then decreased.After irrigated,the water use efficiency is higher than that in the contrast plot,and other indexes are all lower except the superoxide dismutase activity is slightly higher than that in the contrast plot.","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"396-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69821172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-09DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00366
Wang Fangfang, Wu Shixin, Q. Mu, Li Heping, Yanghui Han, Liao Yiling
After analyzing the spectral properties of saline soil,in this paper the data of spatial distribution of salinized soil in Xinjiang are extracted and analyzed using the CBERS images in the year of 2004-2005 based on the multi-hierarchical databases of environmental factors(including the resources environment background database and the land utilization database),investigated and analyzed results of field investigation in GIS,multi-factor integrated analysis and man-machine interactive interpretation.It is complicated to extract the spatial information of salinized arable land,and the multi-factor integrated analysis can be used to carry out the macroscopic investigation of salinized arable land quickly.The results are as follows:(1) With the area enlargement of arable land,the area of salinized soil is also enlarged;(2) The proportion of area of the salinized arable lands is 32.07% of the total area in the irrigated areas in Xinjiang,and the change of this proportion is not so obvious since recent 20 years based on the predecessors' statistical results and the survey in 2006;(3) Salinized arable land is distributed in the most cities and counties in Xinjiang,and its proportion is higher in south Xinjiang than that in north Xinjiang.Geomorphologically,salinized arable land is mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts of the proluvial fans,middle and lower reaches of the rivers,downfolds,etc.Soil salinization is common in the newly-reclaimed land.
{"title":"Investigation and analysis on the salinization degree of cultivated land in Xinjiang based on 3S technology.","authors":"Wang Fangfang, Wu Shixin, Q. Mu, Li Heping, Yanghui Han, Liao Yiling","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00366","url":null,"abstract":"After analyzing the spectral properties of saline soil,in this paper the data of spatial distribution of salinized soil in Xinjiang are extracted and analyzed using the CBERS images in the year of 2004-2005 based on the multi-hierarchical databases of environmental factors(including the resources environment background database and the land utilization database),investigated and analyzed results of field investigation in GIS,multi-factor integrated analysis and man-machine interactive interpretation.It is complicated to extract the spatial information of salinized arable land,and the multi-factor integrated analysis can be used to carry out the macroscopic investigation of salinized arable land quickly.The results are as follows:(1) With the area enlargement of arable land,the area of salinized soil is also enlarged;(2) The proportion of area of the salinized arable lands is 32.07% of the total area in the irrigated areas in Xinjiang,and the change of this proportion is not so obvious since recent 20 years based on the predecessors' statistical results and the survey in 2006;(3) Salinized arable land is distributed in the most cities and counties in Xinjiang,and its proportion is higher in south Xinjiang than that in north Xinjiang.Geomorphologically,salinized arable land is mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts of the proluvial fans,middle and lower reaches of the rivers,downfolds,etc.Soil salinization is common in the newly-reclaimed land.","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"366-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69821327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-09DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00413
Yang Qin, Liang Xu, Zhao Guangping, You Zhiyu
In this paper,the solar radiation flux and the daily,total monthly and total annual solar radiations at 20 meteorological stations during the period of 1971-2000 are simulated using the observed data of solar radiation at Yinchuan and Guyuan meteorological stations in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 5 years.The results show that the simulated values of solar radiation at Yinchuan Meteorological Station were higher than the observed ones but lower than the observed ones at Guyuan Meteorological Station.The simulated results of solar radiation fluxes at Yinchuan and Guyuan stations were tested with the methods of bias error,mean absolute bias error,root mean square error and mean absolute error.It is found that the root mean square error was slightly higher,the mean absolute bias error was lower than 13% and 17% at Yinchuan and Guyuan stations respectively.Regionally,the simulated and observed values of total monthly solar radiation are in a decrease trend at Yinchuan Station in the north where it is arid.There is an increase trend in March,April,May and June,a slight increase trend in July,and a decrease trend in other months at Guyuan Station in the south where it is rainy.The total observed annual solar radiation is in a slight increase trend,and the accumulated simulated value is stable.The total annual solar radiation is significantly increased at most stations but significantly decreased at a few stations.
{"title":"Change Characteristics of Daily,Monthly and Annual Solar Radiation in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region","authors":"Yang Qin, Liang Xu, Zhao Guangping, You Zhiyu","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00413","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper,the solar radiation flux and the daily,total monthly and total annual solar radiations at 20 meteorological stations during the period of 1971-2000 are simulated using the observed data of solar radiation at Yinchuan and Guyuan meteorological stations in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 5 years.The results show that the simulated values of solar radiation at Yinchuan Meteorological Station were higher than the observed ones but lower than the observed ones at Guyuan Meteorological Station.The simulated results of solar radiation fluxes at Yinchuan and Guyuan stations were tested with the methods of bias error,mean absolute bias error,root mean square error and mean absolute error.It is found that the root mean square error was slightly higher,the mean absolute bias error was lower than 13% and 17% at Yinchuan and Guyuan stations respectively.Regionally,the simulated and observed values of total monthly solar radiation are in a decrease trend at Yinchuan Station in the north where it is arid.There is an increase trend in March,April,May and June,a slight increase trend in July,and a decrease trend in other months at Guyuan Station in the south where it is rainy.The total observed annual solar radiation is in a slight increase trend,and the accumulated simulated value is stable.The total annual solar radiation is significantly increased at most stations but significantly decreased at a few stations.","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"413-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69822000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-07DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00026
Jing-gang Zheng, Benson Y. Zhang, M. He, Ping Bao, Baoping Zhang, Xin‐rong Li
{"title":"The Effects of Shrub Patches on Soil Heterogeneity in Grasslands on the West Slope of the Helan Mountain: The Effects of Shrub Patches on Soil Heterogeneity in Grasslands on the West Slope of the Helan Mountain","authors":"Jing-gang Zheng, Benson Y. Zhang, M. He, Ping Bao, Baoping Zhang, Xin‐rong Li","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"127 1","pages":"26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-07DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00014
Li-jun Xu, Bo-ying Wang, Zhu Yu, Qi-zhong Sun
{"title":"Soil Respiration in Fields of Medicago sativa L. cv. Aohan with Different Growth Years: Soil Respiration in Fields of Medicago sativa L. cv. Aohan with Different Growth Years","authors":"Li-jun Xu, Bo-ying Wang, Zhu Yu, Qi-zhong Sun","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-07DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00045
Zhi-jun Li, Qing-hong Luo, Weiguo Wu, Lu Han
{"title":"The Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Populus euphratica and P. pruinosa : The Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of Populus euphratica and P. pruinosa","authors":"Zhi-jun Li, Qing-hong Luo, Weiguo Wu, Lu Han","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"45-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reproductive Allocation and its Relationship with the Size of Corispermum elongatum in Different Sandy Habitats: Reproductive Allocation and its Relationship with the Size of Corispermum elongatum in Different Sandy Habitats","authors":"Yuhui He, Halin Zhao, Xinping Liu, Xueyong Zhao, Yu-lin Li, Wei Zhao","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69817695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-07DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00126
Su-ping Wang, Lianchun Song, Yongxiang Han
{"title":"Estimation of the Potential Evapotranspiration in Paramos: Estimation of the Potential Evapotranspiration in Paramos","authors":"Su-ping Wang, Lianchun Song, Yongxiang Han","doi":"10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1148.2009.00126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8385,"journal":{"name":"干旱区研究","volume":"26 1","pages":"126-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69819203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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