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Extremal solution and Liouville theorem for anisotropic elliptic equations 各向异性椭圆方程的极值解和Liouville定理
Pub Date : 2021-01-04 DOI: 10.3934/cpaa.2021144
Yuan Li
We study the quasilinear Dirichlet boundary problem begin{equation}nonumber left{ begin{aligned} -Qu&=lambda e^{u} quad mbox{in}quadOmega u&=0 quad mbox{on}quadpartialOmega, end{aligned} right. end{equation} where $lambda>0$ is a parameter, $Omegasubsetmathbb{R}^{N}$ with $Ngeq2$ be a bounded domain, and the operator $Q$, known as Finsler-Laplacian or anisotropic Laplacian, is defined by $$Qu:=sum_{i=1}^{N}frac{partial}{partial x_{i}}(F(nabla u)F_{xi_{i}}(nabla u)). $$ Here, $F_{xi_{i}}=frac{partial F}{partialxi_{i}}$ and $F: mathbb{R}^{N}rightarrow[0,+infty)$ is a convex function of $ C^{2}(mathbb{R}^{N}setminus{0})$, that satisfies certain assumptions. We derive the existence of extremal solution and obtain that it's regular, if $Nleq9$. We also concern the H'{e}non type anisotropic Liouville equation, namely, $$-Qu=(F^{0}(x))^{alpha}e^{u}quadmbox{in}quadmathbb{R}^{N}$$ where $alpha>-2$, $Ngeq2$ and $F^{0}$ is the support function of $K:={xinmathbb{R}^{N}:F(x)<1}$ which is defined by $$F^{0}(x):=sup_{xiin K}langle x,xirangle.$$ We obtain the Liouville theorem for stable solutions and the finite Morse index solutions for $2leq N<10+4alpha$ and $3leq N<10+4alpha^{-}$ respectively, where $alpha^{-}=min{alpha,0}$.
我们研究了拟线性Dirichlet边界问题begin{equation}nonumber left{ begin{aligned} -Qu&=lambda e^{u} quad mbox{in}quadOmega u&=0 quad mbox{on}quadpartialOmega, end{aligned} right. end{equation},其中$lambda>0$是一个参数,$Omegasubsetmathbb{R}^{N}$, $Ngeq2$是一个有界域,$Q$被称为Finsler-Laplacian或各向异性Laplacian,由$$Qu:=sum_{i=1}^{N}frac{partial}{partial x_{i}}(F(nabla u)F_{xi_{i}}(nabla u)). $$定义,其中$F_{xi_{i}}=frac{partial F}{partialxi_{i}}$和$F: mathbb{R}^{N}rightarrow[0,+infty)$是$ C^{2}(mathbb{R}^{N}setminus{0})$的一个凸函数,它满足一定的假设。我们推导了极值解的存在性,得到了它的正则性,如果$Nleq9$。我们还研究了h型各向异性Liouville方程,即$$-Qu=(F^{0}(x))^{alpha}e^{u}quadmbox{in}quadmathbb{R}^{N}$$,其中$alpha>-2$、$Ngeq2$和$F^{0}$是$K:={xinmathbb{R}^{N}:F(x)<1}$的支持函数,由$$F^{0}(x):=sup_{xiin K}langle x,xirangle.$$定义。我们分别得到了$2leq N<10+4alpha$和$3leq N<10+4alpha^{-}$稳定解的Liouville定理和有限摩尔斯指数解,其中$alpha^{-}=min{alpha,0}$。
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引用次数: 1
Entropy inequality and energy dissipation of inertial Qian–Sheng model for nematic liquid crystals 向列液晶惯性钱生模型的熵不等式和能量耗散
Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.1142/S0219891621500065
Ning Jiang, Yi-Long Luo, Yangjun Ma, Shaojun Tang
For the inertial Qian-Sheng model of nematic liquid crystals in the $Q$-tensor framework, we illustrate the roles played by the entropy inequality and energy dissipation in the well-posedness of smooth solutions when we employ energy method. We first derive the coefficients requirements from the entropy inequality, and point out the entropy inequality is insufficient to guarantee energy dissipation. We then introduce a novel Condition (H) which ensures the energy dissipation. We prove that when both the entropy inequality and Condition (H) are obeyed, the local in time smooth solutions exist for large initial data. Otherwise, we can only obtain small data local solutions. Furthermore, to extend the solutions globally in time and obtain the decay of solutions, we require at least one of the two conditions: entropy inequality, or $tilde{mu}_2= mu_2$, which significantly enlarge the range of the coefficients in previous works.
对于$Q$ -张量框架下的向列液晶惯性钱生模型,我们说明了当我们采用能量法时,熵不等式和能量耗散在光滑解的适定性中所起的作用。首先由熵不等式推导出系数要求,并指出熵不等式不足以保证能量耗散。然后,我们引入了一个保证能量耗散的新条件(H)。证明了当熵不等式和条件(H)同时满足时,对于大初始数据存在局部时间光滑解。否则,我们只能得到小数据的局部解。此外,为了在时间上全局扩展解并得到解的衰减,我们至少需要两个条件中的一个:熵不等式,或$tilde{mu}_2= mu_2$,这大大扩大了先前工作中系数的范围。
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引用次数: 2
Existence and uniqueness of axially symmetric compressible subsonic jet impinging on an infinite wall 轴对称可压缩亚音速射流撞击无限大壁面的存在唯一性
Pub Date : 2020-12-13 DOI: 10.4171/IFB/449
Jianfeng Cheng, Lili Du, Qin Zhang
This paper is concerned with the well-posedness theory of the impact of a subsonic axially symmetric jet emerging from a semi-infinitely long nozzle, onto a rigid wall. The fluid motion is described by the steady isentropic Euler system. We showed that there exists a critical value $M_{cr}>0$, if the given mass flux is less than $M_{cr}$, there exists a unique smooth subsonic axially symmetric jet issuing from the given semi-infinitely long nozzle and hitting a given uneven wall. The surface of the axially symmetric impinging jet is a free boundary, which detaches from the edge of the nozzle smoothly. It is showed that a unique suitable choice of the pressure difference between the chamber and the atmosphere guarantees the continuous fit condition of the free boundary. Moreover, the asymptotic behaviors and the decay properties of the impinging jet and the free surface in downstream were also obtained. The main results in this paper solved the open problem on the well-posedness of the compressible axially symmetric impinging jet, which has proposed by A. Friedman in Chapter 16 in [FA2]. The key ingredient of our proof is based on the variational method to the quasilinear elliptic equation with the Bernoulli's type free boundaries.
本文研究了亚音速轴对称射流从半无限长喷嘴向刚性壁面冲击的适定性理论。流体运动用定常等熵欧拉系统描述。我们证明了存在一个临界值$M_{cr}>0$,当给定的质量通量小于$M_{cr}$时,存在一个唯一的光滑亚音速轴对称射流从给定的半无限长喷管射出并击中给定的不均匀壁面。轴对称碰撞射流表面为自由边界,与喷嘴边缘平滑分离。结果表明,对腔室与大气压差的独特选择保证了自由边界的连续拟合条件。此外,还得到了冲击射流和下游自由表面的渐近行为和衰减特性。本文的主要结果解决了A. Friedman在[FA2]第16章中提出的可压缩轴对称冲击射流适定性的开放问题。用变分方法对具有伯努利自由边界的拟线性椭圆型方程进行了证明。
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引用次数: 4
Sharp critical thresholds in a hyperbolic system with relaxation 带松弛的双曲系统的尖锐临界阈值
Pub Date : 2020-12-12 DOI: 10.3934/dcds.2021098
Manas Bhatnagar, Hailiang Liu
We propose and study a one-dimensional $2times 2$ hyperbolic Eulerian system with local relaxation from critical threshold phenomena perspective. The system features dynamic transition between strictly and weakly hyperbolic. For different classes of relaxation we identify intrinsic critical thresholds for initial data that distinguish global regularity and finite time blowup. For relaxation independent of density, we estimate bounds on density in terms of velocity where the system is strictly hyperbolic.
从临界阈现象的角度,提出并研究了一类具有局部松弛的一元$2 × 2$双曲欧拉系统。系统具有严格双曲型和弱双曲型之间的动态过渡。对于不同类型的松弛,我们确定了初始数据的内在临界阈值,以区分全局正则性和有限时间爆炸。对于与密度无关的松弛,我们用速度来估计密度的界限,其中系统是严格双曲的。
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引用次数: 1
On instability mechanisms for inverse problems 反问题的不稳定性机制
Pub Date : 2020-12-03 DOI: 10.15781/c93s-pk62
H. Koch, Angkana Ruland, M. Salo
In this article we present three robust instability mechanisms for linear and nonlinear inverse problems. All of these are based on strong compression properties (in the sense of singular value or entropy number bounds) which we deduce through either strong global smoothing, only weak global smoothing or microlocal smoothing for the corresponding forward operators, respectively. As applications we for instance present new instability arguments for unique continuation, for the backward heat equation and for linear and nonlinear Calderon type problems in general geometries, possibly in the presence of rough coefficients. Our instability mechanisms could also be of interest in the context of control theory, providing estimates on the cost of (approximate) controllability in rather general settings.
本文给出了线性和非线性逆问题的三种鲁棒不稳定性机制。所有这些都是基于强压缩特性(在奇异值或熵数边界意义上),我们分别通过对应的前向算子的强全局平滑,仅弱全局平滑或微局部平滑来推断。作为应用,我们提出了新的不稳定性参数的唯一延拓,为后向热方程和一般几何的线性和非线性卡尔德隆型问题,可能在粗糙系数的存在。我们的不稳定性机制在控制理论的背景下也很有意义,在相当一般的环境中提供对(近似)可控性成本的估计。
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引用次数: 17
Existence of positive solutions for a singular elliptic problem with critical exponent and measure data 一类具有临界指数和测量数据的奇异椭圆型问题正解的存在性
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1216/rmj.2021.51.973
A. Panda, D. Choudhuri, R. K. Giri
We prove the existence of a positive {it SOLA (Solutions Obtained as Limits of Approximations)} to the following PDE involving fractional power of Laplacian begin{equation} begin{split} (-Delta)^su&= frac{1}{u^gamma}+lambda u^{2_s^*-1}+mu ~text{in}~Omega, u&>0~text{in}~Omega, u&= 0~text{in}~mathbb{R}^NsetminusOmega. end{split} end{equation} Here, $Omega$ is a bounded domain of $mathbb{R}^N$, $sin (0,1)$, $2s
我们证明了以下涉及Laplacian {it}begin{equation} begin{split} (-Delta)^su&= frac{1}{u^gamma}+lambda u^{2_s^*-1}+mu ~text{in}~Omega, u&>0~text{in}~Omega, u&= 0~text{in}~mathbb{R}^NsetminusOmega. end{split} end{equation}分数阶幂的PDE的正的存在性,其中$Omega$是$mathbb{R}^N$、$sin (0,1)$、$2s
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引用次数: 2
Nonlocal characterizations of variable exponent Sobolev spaces 变指数Sobolev空间的非局部刻画
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.3233/ASY-211675
G. Ferrari, M. Squassina
We obtain some nonlocal characterizations for a class of variable exponent Sobolev spaces arising in nonlinear elasticity theory and in the theory of electrorheological fluids. We also get a singular limit formula extending Nguyen results to the anisotropic case.
得到了非线性弹性理论和电流变流体理论中一类变指数Sobolev空间的非局部特征。将Nguyen结果推广到各向异性情况,得到了奇异极限公式。
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引用次数: 3
Time quasi-periodic traveling gravity water waves in infinite depth 时间准周期行重力水波在无限深度
Pub Date : 2020-11-24 DOI: 10.4171/RLM/919
R. Feola, Filippo Giuliani
We present the recent result [8] concerning the existence of quasi-periodic in time traveling waves for the 2d pure gravity water waves system in infinite depth. We provide the first existence result of quasi-periodic water waves solutions bifurcating from a completely resonant elliptic fixed point. The proof is based on a Nash-Moser scheme, Birkhoff normal form methods and pseudo-differential calculus techniques. We deal with the combined problems of small divisors and the fully-nonlinear nature of the equations.
本文给出了二维纯重力水波系统在无限深度下准周期时间行波存在的最新结果[8]。给出了从完全共振椭圆不动点分岔的拟周期水波解的第一个存在性结果。该证明基于Nash-Moser格式、Birkhoff范式方法和伪微分技术。我们处理小因子的组合问题和方程的完全非线性性质。
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引用次数: 2
A class of functionals possessing multiple global minima 一类具有多个全局极小值的泛函
Pub Date : 2020-11-24 DOI: 10.24193/SUBBMATH.2021.1.06
B. Ricceri
We get a new multiplicity result for gradient systems. Here is a very particular corollary: Let $Omegasubset {bf R}^n$ ($ngeq 2$) be a smooth bounded domain and let $Phi:{bf R}^2to {bf R}$ be a $C^1$ function, with $Phi(0,0)=0$, such that $$sup_{(u,v)in {bf R}^2}{{|Phi_u(u,v)|+|Phi_v(u,v)|}over {1+|u|^p+|v|^p}} 0$, with $p 2$. Then, for every convex set $Ssubseteq L^{infty}(Omega)times L^{infty}(Omega)$ dense in $L^2(Omega)times L^2(Omega)$, there exists $(alpha,beta)in S$ such that the problem $$cases {-Delta u=(alpha(x)cos(Phi(u,v))-beta(x)sin(Phi(u,v)))Phi_u(u,v) & in $Omega$ cr & cr -Delta v= (alpha(x)cos(Phi(u,v))-beta(x)sin(Phi(u,v)))Phi_v(u,v) & in $Omega$ cr & cr u=v=0 & on $partialOmega$cr}$$ has at least three weak solutions, two of which are global minima in $H^1_0(Omega)times H^1_0(Omega)$ of the functional $$(u,v)to {{1}over {2}}left ( int_{Omega}|nabla u(x)|^2dx+int_{Omega}|nabla v(x)|^2dxright )$$ $$-int_{Omega}(alpha(x)sin(Phi(u(x),v(x)))+beta(x)cos(Phi(u(x),v(x))))dx .$$
得到了梯度系统的一个新的多重性结果。这是一个非常特殊的推论:让美元ω子集{ R bf} ^ n (n 组2美元)美元是一个光滑的有限域,让美元φ:{ R bf} ^ 2 { R bf} $ C ^ 1美元是一个函数,美元φ(0,0)= 0美元,这样$ $ sup_ {(u, v) { R bf} ^ 2} {{| Phi_u (u, v) | + | Phi_v (u, v) |} / {1 u + | | ^ v p + | | ^ p}} 0美元,美元p 2美元。然后,对于每一个凸集$ S subseteq L ^ { infty}(ω) * L ^ { infty}(ω)密集在L ^ 2美元(ω) * L ^ 2(ω),美元存在美元(α,β)新元这样问题$ $ 病例{- δu = (alpha (x) cosφ( (u, v)) -β(x) 罪(φ(u, v))) Phi_u (u, v) &ω cr & 美元cr - δv = (alpha (x) cosφ(u, v)() -β(x) 罪(φ(u, v))) Phi_v (u, v) &ω cr & 美元cr u = v = 0 &在ω部分 cr美元}$ $至少有三个弱的解决方案,其中两个是全局最小值在H ^ 1 _0美元(ω) * H ^ 1 _0(ω)功能的$ $美元(u, v) {{1}在{2}} 离开( int_{ω}| 微分算符u (x) | ^ 2 dx + int_{ω}| 微分算符v (x) | ^ 2 dx 右)$ $ $ $ - int_{ω}(alpha (x) 罪(φ(u (x), v (x))) + β(x) cosφ( (u (x), v (x)))) dx $ $
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引用次数: 4
Singular solutions to parabolic equations in nondivergence form 非发散形式抛物方程的奇异解
Pub Date : 2020-11-23 DOI: 10.2422/2036-2145.202011_110
L. Silvestre
For any $alpha in (0,1)$, we construct an example of a solution to a parabolic equation with measurable coefficients in two space dimensions which has an isolated singularity and is not better that $C^alpha$. We prove that there exists no solution to a fully nonlinear uniformly parabolic equation, in any dimension, which has an isolated singularity where it is not $C^2$ while it is analytic elsewhere, and it is homogeneous in $x$ at the time of the singularity. We build an example of a non homogeneous solution to a fully nonlinear uniformly parabolic equation with an isolated singularity, which we verify with the aid of a numerical computation.
对于任意$alpha in(0,1)$,我们构造了一个具有孤立奇点且不优于$C^alpha$的二维可测系数抛物方程的解的例子。我们证明了一个完全非线性均匀抛物方程,在任何维度上都不存在解,它有一个孤立的奇点,它不是$C^2$,而在其他地方它是解析的,并且在奇点时在$x$是齐次的。我们建立了一个具有孤立奇点的完全非线性均匀抛物方程的非齐次解的例子,并借助于数值计算对其进行了验证。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
arXiv: Analysis of PDEs
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