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Cycling infrastructure in the Ottawa-Gatineau area: a complex assemblage of data 渥太华加蒂诺地区的自行车基础设施:复杂的数据集合
Pub Date : 2019-02-22 DOI: 10.29173/IQ937
Sylvie Lafortune, Joël Rivard
The Ottawa-Gatineau National Capital Region (Canada) has a well developed and well used cycling network of over 1,000 km which spans both sides of the Ontario and Quebec provincial boundary. The purpose of this study is to map out the complex data landscape behind the cycling infrastructure in the National Capital Region (NCR), which is largely based on inter-jurisdictional cooperation and partnerships with cycling advocacy groups. The questions we try to answer are: What data are collected for cycling infrastructure and activities? Who are the data producers and stakeholders? What are the relationships amongst the various data producers and stakeholders? The study reveals that the complexity of the cycling data landscape in the NCR is due to the complexity of the relationships between the various data producers and stakeholders.
渥太华-加蒂诺国家首都地区(加拿大)拥有一个发展良好、使用良好的自行车网络,跨越安大略省和魁北克省边界两侧,全长1000多公里。本研究的目的是绘制国家首都地区(NCR)自行车基础设施背后的复杂数据景观,该基础设施主要基于与自行车倡导团体的跨司法管辖区合作和伙伴关系。我们试图回答的问题是:为自行车基础设施和活动收集了哪些数据?谁是数据生产者和利益相关者?各种数据生产者和利益相关者之间的关系是什么?研究表明,NCR中循环数据景观的复杂性是由于各种数据生产者和利益相关者之间关系的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
Differences in Data Sharing Attitudes and Behaviours 数据共享态度和行为的差异
Pub Date : 2018-12-12 DOI: 10.29173/iq912
F. Bonifacio
This article reports the results of a survey conducted between 18th November and 18th December 2017 about different aspects of data sharing: tools used in building metadata, problems encountered in order to share the data, the propensity to share the data, the satisfaction obtained over different working tasks. After a short description of the data gathering task, the report describes the sample, the univariate distribution of the most important variables related to the work of data archiving and the attitudes concerning the data sharing activity: problems encountered, propensity to share the data, satisfaction obtained. Part of the report illustrates models suitable for interpreting the results and finally gives some advice for promoting data services. Some international comparisons of the results are proposed in the annex.
本文报告了2017年11月18日至12月18日期间对数据共享的不同方面进行的调查结果:构建元数据时使用的工具、共享数据时遇到的问题、共享数据的倾向、对不同工作任务的满意度。在对数据收集任务进行简短描述之后,报告描述了样本、与数据存档工作相关的最重要变量的单变量分布以及对数据共享活动的态度:遇到的问题、共享数据的倾向、获得的满意度。报告的一部分阐述了适合解释结果的模型,最后给出了促进数据服务的一些建议。附件中提出了一些结果的国际比较。
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引用次数: 2
The State of Preparedness for Digital Curation and Preservation: A Case Study of a Developing Country Academic Library 数字策展与保存的准备状态——以发展中国家高校图书馆为例
Pub Date : 2018-12-12 DOI: 10.29173/IQ929
Phillip Ndhlovu
Digital technologies have allowed libraries to create, manipulate, store and make accessible vast amounts of digital content. However, they endanger the longevity of the very objects they produce and require very different management than the traditional paper-based world. Despite the fact that the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) Library in Zimbabwe has amassed a huge body of digital collections, there are no formal mechanisms to ensure accessibility and long-term preservation of digital content. The study assessed the state of preparedness of NUST Library for digital curation and preservation of its digital collections. The conceptual framework was based on  Sinclair et al. (2011) and Boyle, Eveleigh, and Needham’s (2008) formulations. NUST Library preparedness for digital curation and preservation was assessed by examining awareness, competencies, technology infrastructure, digital disaster preparedness and challenges to digital curation and preservation. A mixed methods research design employing a case study research strategy was adopted for the study. The findings revealed a low level of awareness of digital curation and preservation. Challenges to digital curation are mainly lack of policies, lack of expertise by library staff and lack of funding.  It is recommended that the Library should consider digital curation and preservation as one of the primary responsibilities and take staff members’ training in this area seriously in order to ensure current and future access to digital collections.
数字技术使图书馆能够创建、操作、存储和访问大量数字内容。然而,它们危及它们生产的物品的寿命,需要与传统纸质世界截然不同的管理。尽管津巴布韦国立科技大学图书馆已经积累了大量的数字藏品,但没有正式的机制来确保数字内容的可访问性和长期保存。该研究评估了国立科技大学图书馆在数字策展和数字藏品保护方面的准备情况。该概念框架基于Sinclair等人(2011)和Boyle、Eveleigh和Needham(2008)的公式。通过检查意识、能力、技术基础设施、数字灾害准备以及数字策展和保护面临的挑战,评估了国立科技大学图书馆对数字策展与保护的准备情况。本研究采用了案例研究策略的混合方法研究设计。研究结果表明,人们对数字策展和保护的认识水平很低。数字策展面临的挑战主要是缺乏政策、图书馆工作人员缺乏专业知识和资金。建议图书馆将数字策展和保存视为主要职责之一,并认真对待工作人员在这一领域的培训,以确保当前和未来能够获得数字藏品。
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引用次数: 3
From Paper Map to Geospatial Vector Layer 从纸质地图到地理空间矢量层
Pub Date : 2018-12-12 DOI: 10.29173/IQ914
P. Peller
With paper map use in decline, one of the strategies that libraries and archives can adopt to make the information contained within them more accessible and usable is to extract features of interest from their scanned raster maps and convert those to geospatial vector data. This process adds valuable unique data to library geospatial collections and enables those previously map-bound features to be used separately in geographic information systems (GIS) software for custom mapping and analysis. Advances in partially automating most of the process have made this a much more viable option for libraries and archives. Although there is no one-size-fits-all automated solution for all maps and map features, this paper provides a complete description of the entire process incorporating examples of the various techniques and software used in selected studies that would be applicable in the library and archive environment.
随着纸质地图使用的减少,图书馆和档案馆可以采取的策略之一是从扫描的光栅地图中提取感兴趣的特征,并将其转换为地理空间矢量数据,以使其中包含的信息更易于访问和使用。这一过程为图书馆地理空间馆藏增加了有价值的独特数据,并使以前与地图绑定的特征能够在地理信息系统(GIS)软件中单独使用,用于定制制图和分析。部分自动化大部分流程的进步使这成为图书馆和档案馆更可行的选择。虽然没有适用于所有地图和地图特征的通用自动化解决方案,但本文提供了对整个过程的完整描述,包括在选定的研究中使用的各种技术和软件的示例,这些示例将适用于图书馆和档案环境。
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引用次数: 3
Digital curation after digital extraction for data sharing 数据共享的数字提取后的数字管理
Pub Date : 2018-12-11 DOI: 10.29173/IQ944
K. Rasmussen
Welcome to the third issue of volume 42 of the IASSIST Quarterly (IQ 42:3, 2018). The IASSIST Quarterly presents in this issue three papers from geographically widespread countries. We call IASSIST ‘International’, so I am happy to present papers from three continents in this issue with papers from Zimbabwe, Italy and Canada. The paper 'The State of Preparedness for Digital Curation and Preservation: A Case Study of a Developing Country Academic Library' is by Phillip Ndhlovu, who works as the institutional repository librarian and liaison librarian, and Thomas Matingwina, who is a lecturer at the Department of Library and Information Service at the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Modern day libraries have vast amounts of digital content and the authors noted that because these collections require very different management than the traditional paper-based materials, the new materials’ longevity is endangered. Their study assessed the state of preparedness of the NUST Library for digital curation and preservation, including the assessment of awareness, competencies, technology infrastructure, digital disaster preparedness, and challenges to digital curation and preservation. They found a lack of policies, lack of expertise by library staff, and lack of funding. You might conclude that investigating your own organization and reaching the very well known conclusion that 'we need more money!' is not so surprising. However, you have to take note that the Jeff Rothenberg statement from 1995 that 'Digital information lasts forever – or five years, whichever comes first' has not yet sunk in with politicians and administrators, who will immediately associate the term 'digital' with 'saving money'. This study shows them why this is not a valid connotation. It is a study of a single institution, and as the authors note it cannot be generalized even to other academic libraries in Zimbabwe. However, other libraries - also outside Zimbabwe - have here a good guide for making their own assessment of the digital preparedness of their institution.  The second paper was - as was the paper above - presented at the IASSIST conference in 2018 and is also about the transition from media known for thousands of years to new media and digital forms. Peter Peller presented the paper 'From Paper Map to Geospatial Vector Layer: Demystifying the Process'. He is the Director of the Spatial and Numeric Data Services unit at Libraries and Cultural Resources at the University of Calgary in Canada.  The conversion of raster images of maps to vector data is analogous to OCR technologies extracting words from scanned print documents. Thereby the map information becomes more accessible, and usable in geographic information systems (GIS). An illustrative example is that historical geospatial information can be overlaid in Google Earth. The description of the entire process incorporates examples of the various techniques, including diff
由于公共经济的削减,Flavio Bonifacio想调查的一件事是“销售数据共享服务有市场吗?”结果表明,“可减少的磁阻”可以成为减少该群体问题的服务的目标。为IASIST季刊提交论文总是非常受欢迎的。我们欢迎来自IASIST会议或其他会议和研讨会的意见,来自当地的演讲或专门为IQ撰写的论文。当您准备这样的演讲时,请考虑将您的一次性演讲转化为持久的贡献。在活动结束后这样做也会让你有机会在反馈后改进你的工作。我们鼓励您登录或创建作者登录到https://www.iassistquarterly.com(我们的Open Journal System应用程序)。我们允许作者与IQ进行“深度链接”,并将论文存放在您当地的存储库中。我们也非常感谢主持一次会议,以汇总和整合IQ特刊的论文,因为这些信息的受众比有限的会议参与者多得多,并且可以在IASIST季刊网站上随时获得,网址为https://www.iassistquarterly.com.非常欢迎作者查看说明和布局:https://www.iassistquarterly.com/index.php/iassist/about/submissions作者也可以通过电子邮件直接与我联系:kbr@sam.sdu.dk.如果你有兴趣作为客座编辑为IQ编辑一期特刊,我也很高兴收到你的来信。Karsten Boye Rasmussen-2018年11月
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引用次数: 0
Flexible DDI storage 灵活的DDI存储
Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.29173/iq923
Oliver Hopt, Claus-Peter Klas, Alexander Mühlbauer
The current usage of DDI is heterogeneous. It varies over different versions of DDI, different grouping, and unequal interpretation of elements. Therefore, provider of services based on DDI implement complex database models for each developed application, resulting in high costs and application specific and non-reusable models. This paper shows a way to model the binding of DDI to applications in a way that it works independent of most version changes and interpretative differences in a standard like DDI without continuous reimplementation. Based on our DDI-FlatDB approach, shown first at EDDI 2015 & 2016, we present a complete implementation along the use case of a web-based questionnaire editor including sustainable solution for version management and efficient handling of large DDI structures. The user interface is adaptable to different usage scenarios to come. The application supports DDI-Lifecycle from the first question draft and hands over structured (meta-) data to survey institutes and data archives and supports the collaborative questionnaire development for the Pre-election Cross-Section of the German Longitudinal Election Study from early 2017 on.
DDI的当前使用是异构的。它因DDI的不同版本、不同的分组以及对元素的不平等解释而有所不同。因此,基于DDI的服务提供商为每个开发的应用程序实现复杂的数据库模型,导致高成本以及特定于应用程序的不可重用模型。本文展示了一种对DDI与应用程序的绑定进行建模的方法,这种方法独立于像DDI这样的标准中的大多数版本更改和解释差异,而无需持续重新实现。基于我们在2015年和2016年EDDI上首次展示的DDI FlatDB方法,我们提出了一个完整的基于web的问卷编辑器用例实现,包括用于版本管理和高效处理大型DDI结构的可持续解决方案。用户界面可适应未来的不同使用场景。该应用程序从第一个问题草稿开始支持DDI生命周期,并将结构化(元)数据移交给调查机构和数据档案,并从2017年初起支持德国纵向选举研究选前横断面的合作问卷开发。
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引用次数: 0
Elaborating a Crosswalk Between Data Documentation Initiative (DDI) and Encoded Archival Description (EAD) for an Emerging Data Archive Service Provider 为一个新兴的数据归档服务提供商详细阐述数据文档计划(DDI)和编码归档描述(EAD)之间的交叉通道
Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.29173/IQ924
Benjamin Peuch
Belgium has recently decided to integrate the Consortium of European Social Science Data Archives (CESSDA). The Social Sciences Data Archive (SODA) project aims at tackling the different challenges entailed by the setting up of a new research infrastructure in the form of a data archive. The SODA project involves an archival institution, the State Archives of Belgium, which, like most other large archival repositories around the world, work with Encoded Archival Description (EAD) for managing their metadata. There exists at the State Archives a large pipeline of programs and procedures that processes EAD documents and channels their content through different applications, such as the online catalog of the institution. Because there is a chance that the future Belgian data archive will be part of the State Archives and because DDI is the most widespread metadata standard in the social sciences as well as a requirement for joining CESSDA, the State Archives have developed a DDI-to-EAD crosswalk in order to re-use the State Archives' infrastructure for the needs of the future Belgian service provider. Technical illustrations highlight the conceptual differences between DDI and EAD and how these can be reconciled or escaped for the purpose of a data archive for the social sciences.
比利时最近决定整合欧洲社会科学数据档案联合会(CESSDA)。社会科学数据档案(SODA)项目旨在应对以数据档案形式建立新的研究基础设施所带来的不同挑战。SODA项目涉及一个档案机构,比利时国家档案馆,与世界上大多数其他大型档案库一样,该机构与编码档案描述(EAD)合作管理其元数据。国家档案馆有一个庞大的程序和程序管道,用于处理EAD文件,并通过不同的应用程序(如该机构的在线目录)传输其内容。由于未来的比利时数据档案有可能成为国家档案馆的一部分,而且DDI是社会科学中最广泛的元数据标准,也是加入CESSDA的一项要求,国家档案馆开发了一条DDI到EAD的人行横道,以便根据未来比利时服务提供商的需求重新使用国家档案馆基础设施。技术插图强调了DDI和EAD之间的概念差异,以及如何为了社会科学的数据档案而对其进行调和或转义。
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引用次数: 1
Metadata is key - the most important data after data 元数据是关键——数据之后最重要的数据
Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.29173/IQ922
K. Rasmussen
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引用次数: 1
Research Data Management Tools and Workflows: Experimental Work at the University of Porto 研究数据管理工具和工作流:波尔图大学的实验工作
Pub Date : 2018-07-18 DOI: 10.29173/IQ925
Cristina Ribeiro, J. Silva, João Aguiar Castro, R. C. Amorim, J. C. Lopes, G. David
Research datasets include all kinds of objects, from web pages to sensor data, and originate in every domain. Concerns with data generated in large projects and well-funded research areas are centered on their exploration and analysis. For data in the long tail, the main issues are still how to get data visible, satisfactorily described, preserved, and searchable. Our work aims to promote data publication in research institutions, considering that researchers are the core stakeholders and need straightforward workflows, and that multi-disciplinary tools can be designed and adapted to specific areas with a reasonable effort. For small groups with interesting datasets but not much time or funding for data curation, we have to focus on engaging researchers in the process of preparing data for publication, while providing them with measurable outputs. In larger groups, solutions have to be customized to satisfy the requirements of more specific research contexts. We describe our experience at the University of Porto in two lines of enquiry. For the work with long-tail groups we propose general-purpose tools for data description and the interface to multi-disciplinary data repositories. For areas with larger projects and more specific requirements, namely wind infrastructure, sensor data from concrete structures and marine data, we define specialized workflows. In both cases, we present a preliminary evaluation of results and an estimate of the kind of effort required to keep the proposed infrastructures running.  The tools available to researchers can be decisive for their commitment. We focus on data preparation, namely on dataset organization and metadata creation. For groups in the long tail, we propose Dendro, an open-source research data management platform, and explore automatic metadata creation with LabTablet, an electronic laboratory notebook. For groups demanding a domain-specific approach, our analysis has resulted in the development of models and applications to organize the data and support some of their use cases. Overall, we have adopted ontologies for metadata modeling, keeping in sight metadata dissemination as Linked Open Data.
研究数据集包括各种各样的对象,从网页到传感器数据,并且起源于每个领域。对大型项目和资金充足的研究领域产生的数据的关注集中在它们的探索和分析上。对于长尾中的数据,主要问题仍然是如何使数据可见、令人满意地描述、保存和可搜索。我们的工作旨在促进研究机构的数据出版,考虑到研究人员是核心利益相关者,需要简单的工作流程,并且可以通过合理的努力设计和适应特定领域的多学科工具。对于拥有有趣数据集但没有太多时间或资金进行数据管理的小组,我们必须专注于让研究人员参与准备发表数据的过程,同时为他们提供可衡量的产出。在较大的团队中,解决方案必须定制,以满足更具体的研究背景的要求。我们用两条线索来描述我们在波尔图大学的经历。对于长尾组的工作,我们提出了用于数据描述和多学科数据存储库接口的通用工具。对于大型项目和更具体要求的领域,即风力基础设施、混凝土结构的传感器数据和海洋数据,我们定义了专门的工作流程。在这两种情况下,我们对结果进行了初步评估,并对保持所建议的基础设施运行所需的工作量进行了估计。研究人员可用的工具对他们的承诺具有决定性作用。我们专注于数据准备,即数据集组织和元数据创建。对于处于长尾的群体,我们建议使用开源研究数据管理平台Dendro,并探索使用电子实验室笔记本LabTablet自动创建元数据。对于需要特定于领域的方法的小组,我们的分析导致了模型和应用程序的开发,以组织数据并支持它们的一些用例。总的来说,我们采用了元数据建模的本体,将元数据传播作为关联开放数据。
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引用次数: 6
Retirement in the 1950s: Rebuilding a Longitudinal Research Database. 20世纪50年代的退休:重建纵向研究数据库。
Pub Date : 2018-05-24 Epub Date: 2017-12-12 DOI: 10.29173/iq19
Amy M Pienta, Jared Lyle

In 2010, ICPSR began a long process of recovering data from Gordon Streib's Cornell Study of Occupational Retirement (CSOR). Because these unique data fill a gap in our understanding of US retirement history, we determined that an extensive data recovery project was warranted. This paper describes the scope of the data collection and the steps in ICPSR's recovery process. Though the data recovery was ultimately successful, this paper documents the amount of time invested and costs associated with this kind of recovery work. It also highlights the value of these data for future research in understanding gender and retirement in a historic context. In addition to the resulting publicly available data arising from this project, extensive paper medical records are housed at ICPSR for on-site analysis or for a future digitization project. These data would provide unique health information on older women and men traced over a period of time in the 1950s and represents future work for ICPSR to undertake.

2010年,ICPSR开始了从戈登·斯特里布的康奈尔职业退休研究(CSOR)中恢复数据的漫长过程。由于这些独特的数据填补了我们对美国退休历史了解的空白,我们确定有必要进行广泛的数据恢复项目。本文描述了数据收集的范围和ICPSR恢复过程中的步骤。虽然数据恢复最终是成功的,但本文记录了与这种恢复工作相关的投入时间和成本。它还强调了这些数据对未来研究在历史背景下理解性别和退休的价值。除了该项目产生的可公开获得的数据外,ICPSR还保存了大量纸质医疗记录,以供现场分析或用于未来的数字化项目。这些数据将提供1950年代一段时间内关于老年妇女和男子的独特健康信息,并代表了人口与社会问题研究所今后要开展的工作。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
IASSIST quarterly
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