An analysis of the results in the provision of public education under different institutional contexts is carried out for Colombia where, during the decentralization process, different degrees of autonomy to manage education public expenditures have coexisted. The analysis is undertaken by using frontier analysis techniques, which allow us to estimate cost and production functions, in order to determine differences in costs and technical efficiency in the provision of education across regions. The results show that the strength of decentralization had a more positive impact on increasing enrollment than on the improvement of the quality of education. It was also found, that high levels of cost and production inefficiency are present in different regions of the country, implying that savings in public expenditure and better educational results could be achieved if all local authorities could operate at the most efficient level.
{"title":"The Results In The Provision Of Public Education Under Different Decentralized Contexts: The Colombian Case","authors":"Ligia Alba Melo Becerra","doi":"10.1353/jda.2012.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2012.0042","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of the results in the provision of public education under different institutional contexts is carried out for Colombia where, during the decentralization process, different degrees of autonomy to manage education public expenditures have coexisted. The analysis is undertaken by using frontier analysis techniques, which allow us to estimate cost and production functions, in order to determine differences in costs and technical efficiency in the provision of education across regions. The results show that the strength of decentralization had a more positive impact on increasing enrollment than on the improvement of the quality of education. It was also found, that high levels of cost and production inefficiency are present in different regions of the country, implying that savings in public expenditure and better educational results could be achieved if all local authorities could operate at the most efficient level.","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"46 1","pages":"103 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/jda.2012.0042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66397849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this paper is to estimate the output elasticity of foreign direct investment (FDI) and imports in Thailand and in the Philippines during the period 1970–1998. Applying a CES generalization of Cobb-Douglas production function, the output response to FDI is the same in both countries, but imports affect Thailand more than the Philippines. The FDI contribution to every one percentage growth point is about 0.05 of a percentage point in each country where imports contribute about 0.47 of a percentage point in Thailand and 0.31 of a percentage point in the Philippines. As a result, the foreign investment and imports contribute about 52 percent of every one percentage growth point in Thailand compared to a lower 36 percent in the Philippines. The remaining effects on the economic growth are from labor and domestic investment. Both countries are labor intensive, but the impact of labor is more significant in the Philippines. The Philippine economy is also more domestic capital intensive than the Thai economy. Furthermore, the FDI path shows that the effect of foreign investment is more pronounced in the Philippines during the second half of the 1990s, whereas the imports are more effective in Thailand since 1994. Therefore, the Philippine economy could gain more from directing its economic policies to further liberalize its foreign investments. The Thai economy, on the other hand, should continue its reliance on imported foreign technology in order to accelerate its economic growth.
{"title":"The Effects of Foreign Direct Investment And Imports on Economic Growth: A Comparative Analysis of Thailand and the Philippines (1970-1998)","authors":"J. Damooei, A. Tavakoli","doi":"10.1353/JDA.2006.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JDA.2006.0002","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this paper is to estimate the output elasticity of foreign direct investment (FDI) and imports in Thailand and in the Philippines during the period 1970–1998. Applying a CES generalization of Cobb-Douglas production function, the output response to FDI is the same in both countries, but imports affect Thailand more than the Philippines. The FDI contribution to every one percentage growth point is about 0.05 of a percentage point in each country where imports contribute about 0.47 of a percentage point in Thailand and 0.31 of a percentage point in the Philippines. As a result, the foreign investment and imports contribute about 52 percent of every one percentage growth point in Thailand compared to a lower 36 percent in the Philippines. The remaining effects on the economic growth are from labor and domestic investment. Both countries are labor intensive, but the impact of labor is more significant in the Philippines. The Philippine economy is also more domestic capital intensive than the Thai economy. Furthermore, the FDI path shows that the effect of foreign investment is more pronounced in the Philippines during the second half of the 1990s, whereas the imports are more effective in Thailand since 1994. Therefore, the Philippine economy could gain more from directing its economic policies to further liberalize its foreign investments. The Thai economy, on the other hand, should continue its reliance on imported foreign technology in order to accelerate its economic growth.","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"39 1","pages":"100 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JDA.2006.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66397834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-01-01DOI: 10.1108/S0573-8555(2004)0000265008
B. Hazari, J. Nowak
This paper analyses the impact of a boom in tourism on the welfare of the residents in the presence of guest workers. Guest workers are employed in the tourism industry and they consume non-traded goods and services. This consumption by guest workers converts non-traded goods into exportables and creates guest worker generated monopoly power in trade in the home country. It is established that under certain plausible conditions a tourist boom (in the presence of guest workers) results in the immiserization of the resident population. This result arises due to an adverse movement in the terms-of-trade, specifically those associated with the guest workers consumption of non-traded goods. These results are based on a static model of trade and may not be necessarily valid in a growth model with guest workers, tourism and labor shortages. It is not the object of the paper to be either anti-tourism or anti-guest worker, but only to show a possible source of resident immiserization that is associated with guest workers. This possibility may require correction via a suitable policy both in static and dynamic models.
{"title":"Tourism, Guest Workers and Resident Immiserization","authors":"B. Hazari, J. Nowak","doi":"10.1108/S0573-8555(2004)0000265008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0573-8555(2004)0000265008","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the impact of a boom in tourism on the welfare of the residents in the presence of guest workers. Guest workers are employed in the tourism industry and they consume non-traded goods and services. This consumption by guest workers converts non-traded goods into exportables and creates guest worker generated monopoly power in trade in the home country. It is established that under certain plausible conditions a tourist boom (in the presence of guest workers) results in the immiserization of the resident population. This result arises due to an adverse movement in the terms-of-trade, specifically those associated with the guest workers consumption of non-traded goods. These results are based on a static model of trade and may not be necessarily valid in a growth model with guest workers, tourism and labor shortages. It is not the object of the paper to be either anti-tourism or anti-guest worker, but only to show a possible source of resident immiserization that is associated with guest workers. This possibility may require correction via a suitable policy both in static and dynamic models.","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"16 1","pages":"101-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1108/S0573-8555(2004)0000265008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62306124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Population pressure and land resources in Nepal: a revisit, twenty years later.","authors":"N R Shrestha, D Conway, K Bhattarai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"33 2","pages":"245-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22021067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The feminization of foreign currency earnings: women's labor in Sri Lanka.","authors":"V Samarasinghe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"32 3","pages":"303-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22041229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Old age, migration, and poverty in the shantytowns of Sao Paulo, Brazil.","authors":"P Lloyd-sherlock","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"32 4","pages":"491-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22021096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Restructuring of labor markets in the Philippines and Zambia: the gender dimension.","authors":"M S Floro, K Schaefer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"33 1","pages":"73-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22031155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investing in amnesia, or fantasy and forgetfulness in the World Bank's approach to healthcare reform in sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"M Epprecht","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"31 3","pages":"337-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22029719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Migration decisions, agrarian structure, and gender: the case of Ecuador.","authors":"B E Bravo-ureta, R E Quiroga, J A Brea","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84983,"journal":{"name":"Journal Of Developing Areas","volume":"30 4","pages":"463-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22018949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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