Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00030
Aamir Nazir, Neha Kumari, Nitan Bharti Gupta, Rajesh Gupta, Ashima Chandel, Abi C. Varghese
The focal point of this survey is to give an outline of the chitosan based nanoparticles for different non-parenteral applications and furthermore to put a focus on flow research including supported delivery and mucoadhesive chitosan measurement structures. Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer viewed as safe for human dietary use and endorsed for wound dressing applications. Chitosan has been utilized as a transporter in polymeric nanoparticles for drug conveyance through different courses of organization. Chitosan has synthetic useful gatherings that can be adjusted to accomplish explicit objectives, making it a polymer with an enormous scope of expected applications. Nanoparticles (NP) ready with chitosan and chitosan subsidiaries ordinarily have a positive surface charge and mucoadhesive properties to such an extent that can hold fast to bodily fluid films and delivery the medication payload in a supported delivery way. Chitosan-based NP have different applications in non-parenteral medication conveyance for the therapy of malignant growth, gastrointestinal illnesses, aspiratory sicknesses, drug conveyance to the mind and visual contaminations which will be exemplified in this survey. Chitosan shows low poisonousness both in vitro and some in vivo models. This survey investigates ongoing exploration on chitosan based NP for non-parenteral medication conveyance, chitosan properties, adjustment, poisonousness, pharmacokinetics and preclinical examinations.
{"title":"Recent Advances on Chitosan Nanoparticles","authors":"Aamir Nazir, Neha Kumari, Nitan Bharti Gupta, Rajesh Gupta, Ashima Chandel, Abi C. Varghese","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00030","url":null,"abstract":"The focal point of this survey is to give an outline of the chitosan based nanoparticles for different non-parenteral applications and furthermore to put a focus on flow research including supported delivery and mucoadhesive chitosan measurement structures. Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer viewed as safe for human dietary use and endorsed for wound dressing applications. Chitosan has been utilized as a transporter in polymeric nanoparticles for drug conveyance through different courses of organization. Chitosan has synthetic useful gatherings that can be adjusted to accomplish explicit objectives, making it a polymer with an enormous scope of expected applications. Nanoparticles (NP) ready with chitosan and chitosan subsidiaries ordinarily have a positive surface charge and mucoadhesive properties to such an extent that can hold fast to bodily fluid films and delivery the medication payload in a supported delivery way. Chitosan-based NP have different applications in non-parenteral medication conveyance for the therapy of malignant growth, gastrointestinal illnesses, aspiratory sicknesses, drug conveyance to the mind and visual contaminations which will be exemplified in this survey. Chitosan shows low poisonousness both in vitro and some in vivo models. This survey investigates ongoing exploration on chitosan based NP for non-parenteral medication conveyance, chitosan properties, adjustment, poisonousness, pharmacokinetics and preclinical examinations.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00033
Swapnil S. Lad, Swati U. Kolhe, Omkar A. Devade, Asawari P. Mansabdar
Since the beginning of time people have used plants as a solution for different infections and/or diseases. With the approach of current synthetic medicines, plant medication has frequently been subjected to the edge of therapeutic modalities. However, it is progressively being recognized that the synthetic therapeutic agents have a few limitations particularly in ongoing chronic illnesses like hyperlipidaemia. Hyperlipidaemia is an ailment characterised by an expansion in at least one of the plasma lipids, including cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma lipoproteins such as low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) alongside diminished high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Research is continuous to find more current medications and a few novel helpful targets are being investigated for hyperlipidaemia. In the current review, the types of hyperlipidaemias, lipid metabolism, causes and risk factors of hyperlipidaemia has been explained along side the plant derived bioactiveand extracts that have been demonstrated in the past 15 years to have a potential in treatment of hyperlipidaemia has been discussed.
{"title":"Hyperlipidaemia: A Review of Literature","authors":"Swapnil S. Lad, Swati U. Kolhe, Omkar A. Devade, Asawari P. Mansabdar","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00033","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of time people have used plants as a solution for different infections and/or diseases. With the approach of current synthetic medicines, plant medication has frequently been subjected to the edge of therapeutic modalities. However, it is progressively being recognized that the synthetic therapeutic agents have a few limitations particularly in ongoing chronic illnesses like hyperlipidaemia. Hyperlipidaemia is an ailment characterised by an expansion in at least one of the plasma lipids, including cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma lipoproteins such as low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) alongside diminished high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Research is continuous to find more current medications and a few novel helpful targets are being investigated for hyperlipidaemia. In the current review, the types of hyperlipidaemias, lipid metabolism, causes and risk factors of hyperlipidaemia has been explained along side the plant derived bioactiveand extracts that have been demonstrated in the past 15 years to have a potential in treatment of hyperlipidaemia has been discussed.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00028
G. Muthubhupathi, M. Selvakumar, S. Navi Shree, C. Nisha, P. Sathiya Priya, P. A. Varshini
An innovative sequence of Oxazolone derivatives were synthesized via chemical reaction including Preparation of benzoyl glycine crystals and Synthesis of oxazolone derivatives. The synthesized compounds such as P- Chlorobenaldehyde, 4-Fluro benaldehyde, Cinnamaldehyde, 2-Chloro benaldehyde, and O- Anisaldehyde were elucidated by Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) spectrometer and showed its corresponding peaks. The in- vitro anti-inflammatory activity of synthesized compounds by protein denaturation assay exhibited very good significant anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, the test compounds 2-Chloro benzaldehyde had nearest IC50 value to the standard diclofenac sodium when compared to all other test compounds, and demonstrated highest zone of inhibition at the low concentration used to exhibit the high potency.
{"title":"Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Novel Oxazolone Derivatives","authors":"G. Muthubhupathi, M. Selvakumar, S. Navi Shree, C. Nisha, P. Sathiya Priya, P. A. Varshini","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00028","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative sequence of Oxazolone derivatives were synthesized via chemical reaction including Preparation of benzoyl glycine crystals and Synthesis of oxazolone derivatives. The synthesized compounds such as P- Chlorobenaldehyde, 4-Fluro benaldehyde, Cinnamaldehyde, 2-Chloro benaldehyde, and O- Anisaldehyde were elucidated by Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) spectrometer and showed its corresponding peaks. The in- vitro anti-inflammatory activity of synthesized compounds by protein denaturation assay exhibited very good significant anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, the test compounds 2-Chloro benzaldehyde had nearest IC50 value to the standard diclofenac sodium when compared to all other test compounds, and demonstrated highest zone of inhibition at the low concentration used to exhibit the high potency.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00036
Vishwajit S. Patil, Prithviraj A. Patil
Molecular docking is important tool for drug discovery. It provides a valuable tool for drug design and analysis. The most important application of molecular docking is virtual screening. In this review, we present a introduction of methods of molecular docking, and their development and applications in drug discovery. Many docking programs has developed to visualize the three dimensional structure of molecule and docking score can also get with computational methods. This article includes information on molecular docking, molecular modeling, types of docking, molecular docking models, basic requirement of molecular docking, molecular approach, evaluation, applications software available for molecular docking.
{"title":"Molecular Docking: A useful approach of Drug Discovery on the Basis of their Structure","authors":"Vishwajit S. Patil, Prithviraj A. Patil","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00036","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular docking is important tool for drug discovery. It provides a valuable tool for drug design and analysis. The most important application of molecular docking is virtual screening. In this review, we present a introduction of methods of molecular docking, and their development and applications in drug discovery. Many docking programs has developed to visualize the three dimensional structure of molecule and docking score can also get with computational methods. This article includes information on molecular docking, molecular modeling, types of docking, molecular docking models, basic requirement of molecular docking, molecular approach, evaluation, applications software available for molecular docking.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00029
Iva Moni, Atashi Saha, Marzina Ajrin
Irrational prescription being a global problem leading to ineffective, unsafe treatment. This study was conducted between November 10, 2019 to January 20, 2020 to assess drug use pattern using WHO/INRUD core prescribing indicators at Chattogram Medical College Hospital (CMCH). Total 500 patients were selected randomly. The results showed average number of drugs per encounter is 4.41 (optimal range = 1.6–1.8), generic drug prescription was 1.54% (optimal value = 100%), encounters with an antibiotic prescribed were 32.6% (optimal range =20.0–26.8%), encounters with an injection prescribed were 24.8% (optimal range =13.4–24.1%), drugs prescribed from EDL were 50.43% (optimal value = 100%) and drugs prescribed from the WHO EDL were 56.96% (optimal value = 100%). Average consultation time was 3.1 min (optimal value ≥10 min), average dispensing time was 35 s (optimal value ≥90 s) and the patients’ knowledge of correct dosage was 62.1% (optimal value =100%. The hospital had no copy of EDL and key drugs available in the stock were 82% (optimal value =100%). The concept of generic prescribing was negligible. There was reduced prescription of drugs from the National List of Essential Medicines, the prescription of antibiotics and injections was slightly higher than normal. Shorter consultation and dispensing time may lead to inadequate information about the medication being given to patients and patients had little chance to obtain information about their treatment. This study necessitates we are in need of strict scrutiny on the prescribing method of our country. So, we can achieve the goal of rational use of drug.
{"title":"Drug use Pattern with Standard Indicators in Chattogram Medical College Hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"Iva Moni, Atashi Saha, Marzina Ajrin","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00029","url":null,"abstract":"Irrational prescription being a global problem leading to ineffective, unsafe treatment. This study was conducted between November 10, 2019 to January 20, 2020 to assess drug use pattern using WHO/INRUD core prescribing indicators at Chattogram Medical College Hospital (CMCH). Total 500 patients were selected randomly. The results showed average number of drugs per encounter is 4.41 (optimal range = 1.6–1.8), generic drug prescription was 1.54% (optimal value = 100%), encounters with an antibiotic prescribed were 32.6% (optimal range =20.0–26.8%), encounters with an injection prescribed were 24.8% (optimal range =13.4–24.1%), drugs prescribed from EDL were 50.43% (optimal value = 100%) and drugs prescribed from the WHO EDL were 56.96% (optimal value = 100%). Average consultation time was 3.1 min (optimal value ≥10 min), average dispensing time was 35 s (optimal value ≥90 s) and the patients’ knowledge of correct dosage was 62.1% (optimal value =100%. The hospital had no copy of EDL and key drugs available in the stock were 82% (optimal value =100%). The concept of generic prescribing was negligible. There was reduced prescription of drugs from the National List of Essential Medicines, the prescription of antibiotics and injections was slightly higher than normal. Shorter consultation and dispensing time may lead to inadequate information about the medication being given to patients and patients had little chance to obtain information about their treatment. This study necessitates we are in need of strict scrutiny on the prescribing method of our country. So, we can achieve the goal of rational use of drug.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rates of infectious diseases have significantly increased in recent years. So need for production, evaluation and standardization of new antimicrobial agents has also increased. The major problem of resistance towards antibacterial, antiviral, etc drugs is also posing a great threat to human beings as many bacteria, viruses and fungi have become resistant to commonly used drugs. However, microbes are also useful for us in our basic physiological functions, for example: digestion, so we also need to make sure the new molecules of antimicrobials do not cause harm to our natural microbial flora. In this review, we have tried to assemble some In-Vivo and In-vitro Model for evaluating Antimicrobial agents. Classifications of antibacterials, antivirals and antifungals have been displayed in an easy way. The use of herbal drugs is displayed in a tabular manner and finally the evaluation parameters have been discussed.
{"title":"In vivo and In vitro Model for Evaluation of Anti-microbial activity: A Review","authors":"Saema Saema, Tabassum Wasim Ahmed, Peeyush Kumar Sharma, Imran Khan Pathan, Mamta Bhatia, Marhaba Khan","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00032","url":null,"abstract":"The rates of infectious diseases have significantly increased in recent years. So need for production, evaluation and standardization of new antimicrobial agents has also increased. The major problem of resistance towards antibacterial, antiviral, etc drugs is also posing a great threat to human beings as many bacteria, viruses and fungi have become resistant to commonly used drugs. However, microbes are also useful for us in our basic physiological functions, for example: digestion, so we also need to make sure the new molecules of antimicrobials do not cause harm to our natural microbial flora. In this review, we have tried to assemble some In-Vivo and In-vitro Model for evaluating Antimicrobial agents. Classifications of antibacterials, antivirals and antifungals have been displayed in an easy way. The use of herbal drugs is displayed in a tabular manner and finally the evaluation parameters have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00035
Subhashis Debnath, Donita Devi, Aikyrmen K Dewsaw
Drug are so frequently used in modern times that everyone has some acquaintance with the conceptualization of drug compulsion or addiction and abuse. The title addiction has been used and has entered day-to-day language with the ideas of drug addiction and abuse. Drug abuse is an extreme and intentional misuse of drug. Inappropriate use or the overuse of any substance leads to addiction. Drugs that affect the behaviour or drug having psychotic effect are particularly misused or overused when the effects are pleasurable. Psychosocial factors tend to be similar for diverse pharmacological agents and are of equal importance in the pathogenesis of these disorder as the unique pharmacological profiles of given drugs. The most commonly abused drug includesNicotine, Alcohol, opioids, benzodiazepines, cocaine, cannabis, Lysergic acid etc. Consequently, based on the information, this review shows the affects of various addictive drugs that are misused in modern society.
{"title":"A Review on Drug Addiction and Drug Abuse","authors":"Subhashis Debnath, Donita Devi, Aikyrmen K Dewsaw","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00035","url":null,"abstract":"Drug are so frequently used in modern times that everyone has some acquaintance with the conceptualization of drug compulsion or addiction and abuse. The title addiction has been used and has entered day-to-day language with the ideas of drug addiction and abuse. Drug abuse is an extreme and intentional misuse of drug. Inappropriate use or the overuse of any substance leads to addiction. Drugs that affect the behaviour or drug having psychotic effect are particularly misused or overused when the effects are pleasurable. Psychosocial factors tend to be similar for diverse pharmacological agents and are of equal importance in the pathogenesis of these disorder as the unique pharmacological profiles of given drugs. The most commonly abused drug includesNicotine, Alcohol, opioids, benzodiazepines, cocaine, cannabis, Lysergic acid etc. Consequently, based on the information, this review shows the affects of various addictive drugs that are misused in modern society.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00039
Tejasvini Neve, Vijaya Vichare, Manasi Rokade, S.N. Dhole
A simple, rapid and eco-friendly UV spectroscopic method was developed for the estimation of Adapalene along with Phenoxyethanol for laboratory purpose. Bulk drug and marketed formulation both are analyzed and validated by this method. Tetrahydrofuran was selected for the solubility of Adapalene and Phenoxyethanol as per solubility profile. Wavelength selected for Adapalene and Phenoxyethanol was 325nm and 269nm respectively. In the proposed method, adapalene and phenoxyethanol follows linearity in the concentration range 1-5µg/mL and 2.5-12.5µg/mL with a correlation coefficient 0.999 and 0.998 respectively. Proposed method was statistically validated as per ICH guidelines and by recovery studies. The standard deviation was found to be less than 2, which showed excellent precision and accuracy.
{"title":"Simultaneous Estimation of Adapalene from Marketed Gel Formulation along with the Preservative Phenoxyethanol by UV- Visible Spectroscopy","authors":"Tejasvini Neve, Vijaya Vichare, Manasi Rokade, S.N. Dhole","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00039","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, rapid and eco-friendly UV spectroscopic method was developed for the estimation of Adapalene along with Phenoxyethanol for laboratory purpose. Bulk drug and marketed formulation both are analyzed and validated by this method. Tetrahydrofuran was selected for the solubility of Adapalene and Phenoxyethanol as per solubility profile. Wavelength selected for Adapalene and Phenoxyethanol was 325nm and 269nm respectively. In the proposed method, adapalene and phenoxyethanol follows linearity in the concentration range 1-5µg/mL and 2.5-12.5µg/mL with a correlation coefficient 0.999 and 0.998 respectively. Proposed method was statistically validated as per ICH guidelines and by recovery studies. The standard deviation was found to be less than 2, which showed excellent precision and accuracy.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00027
Naveen K L, Ananya Bhattacharjee, Karunakar Hegde
The main objective of the proposed study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective property of aqueous extract of the Mentha piperita leaves (AEMPL) against haloperidol induced Parkinsonism in experimental animals. Rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6 animals). Group 1 received vehicle control, Group 2 received Haloperidol (1mg/kg, i.p.), Group 3receivedstandard drug Sinemet (125mg/kg p.o.), Group4andGroup5treated with lower (100mg/kg, p.o.) and higher (250mg/kg, p.o.) doses of AEMPL respectively for 14 days. Later motor co-ordination (rota-rod), locomotor activity (actophotometer) and catalepsy bar test was performed and also brain histopathological examination was also done. Both the lower and higher doses of aqueous extract of Mentha piperita leaves showed dose dependent, extremely significant increases in locomotor activity by increasing number of cuts, decreases fall off time and also decreases in latency period in metal bar test, histopathological examination shows reduction in neuronal loss and normal brain architecture was observed when compared haloperidol treated group. Hence Mentha piperita shows neuroprotective activity because of potential anti-oxidant property. The obtained result was comparable with that of the standard drug levodopa+carbidopa (Sinemet). The outcome of the present study provides the evidence that the aqueous extract of Mentha piperita leaves reported that it has dose dependent beneficial neuroprotective effect against haloperidol induced Parkinson’s disease in experimental rats.
{"title":"A Study to Evaluate the Neuroprotective property of Aqueous Extract of Mentha piperita Leaves on Haloperidol Induced Parkinsonism in Experimental rats","authors":"Naveen K L, Ananya Bhattacharjee, Karunakar Hegde","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00027","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the proposed study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective property of aqueous extract of the Mentha piperita leaves (AEMPL) against haloperidol induced Parkinsonism in experimental animals. Rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6 animals). Group 1 received vehicle control, Group 2 received Haloperidol (1mg/kg, i.p.), Group 3receivedstandard drug Sinemet (125mg/kg p.o.), Group4andGroup5treated with lower (100mg/kg, p.o.) and higher (250mg/kg, p.o.) doses of AEMPL respectively for 14 days. Later motor co-ordination (rota-rod), locomotor activity (actophotometer) and catalepsy bar test was performed and also brain histopathological examination was also done. Both the lower and higher doses of aqueous extract of Mentha piperita leaves showed dose dependent, extremely significant increases in locomotor activity by increasing number of cuts, decreases fall off time and also decreases in latency period in metal bar test, histopathological examination shows reduction in neuronal loss and normal brain architecture was observed when compared haloperidol treated group. Hence Mentha piperita shows neuroprotective activity because of potential anti-oxidant property. The obtained result was comparable with that of the standard drug levodopa+carbidopa (Sinemet). The outcome of the present study provides the evidence that the aqueous extract of Mentha piperita leaves reported that it has dose dependent beneficial neuroprotective effect against haloperidol induced Parkinson’s disease in experimental rats.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00031
Malay Paul, H. S Keerthy, Mukesh Sharma, Pradeep Kumar Patel, Sowmya TP
Microspheres play a totally critical function as a particulate drug transport machine due to theirtiny size and different properties. Microspheres proved an appropriate bridge to scale the gap over to formulate a powerful dosage form, to managed drug release, to simulate controlled drug release. Microspheres are often free-flowing stable powders, which include proteins or artificial polymers, which can be biodegradable. Microspheres having a particle size in the range of 0.1-800µm, can be delivered by several routes like oral, parenteral, nasal, ophthalmic, transdermal, colonal, etc. Various recent advancements in the case of microspheres like mucoadhesive, hollow, floating, micro balloons, and magnetic have contributed to overcoming the diverse troubles which might be related to using microspheres, which incorporates site-precise focused on and stepped forward release. In the future by combining various new designing, planning’s, and strategies, microspheres will find a central place in novel drug delivery, especially in diseased molecular sorting, genetic materials, safe, targeting, and powerful drug delivery.
{"title":"A Review on Microspheres as Controlled Release Drug Delivery","authors":"Malay Paul, H. S Keerthy, Mukesh Sharma, Pradeep Kumar Patel, Sowmya TP","doi":"10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00031","url":null,"abstract":"Microspheres play a totally critical function as a particulate drug transport machine due to theirtiny size and different properties. Microspheres proved an appropriate bridge to scale the gap over to formulate a powerful dosage form, to managed drug release, to simulate controlled drug release. Microspheres are often free-flowing stable powders, which include proteins or artificial polymers, which can be biodegradable. Microspheres having a particle size in the range of 0.1-800µm, can be delivered by several routes like oral, parenteral, nasal, ophthalmic, transdermal, colonal, etc. Various recent advancements in the case of microspheres like mucoadhesive, hollow, floating, micro balloons, and magnetic have contributed to overcoming the diverse troubles which might be related to using microspheres, which incorporates site-precise focused on and stepped forward release. In the future by combining various new designing, planning’s, and strategies, microspheres will find a central place in novel drug delivery, especially in diseased molecular sorting, genetic materials, safe, targeting, and powerful drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":8537,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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