Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00042
Rishabh Aggarwal, Anuj Nautiyal, Yogesh Joshi
In the late 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s, thalidomide was a medication that was frequently used to relieve nausea in pregnant women. Thalidomide treatment was shown to cause severe birth abnormalities in thousands of children in the 1960s. Thalidomide was an effective treatment for leprosy and later multiple myeloma, even though its usage was outlawed in the majority of nations at the time. Thalidomid treatment of pregnant leprosy patients has continued to result in deformities in rural areas of the world without major medical surveillance measures. Understanding of molecular targets is being improved through research into the mechanisms of thalidomide action. Safer medications might be created with a deeper understanding of these molecular targets. The thalidomide tragedy marked a turning point in toxicity testing because it compelled American and international regulatory agencies to create systematic toxicity testing protocols. In addition, the use of thalidomide as a developmental biology tool resulted in significant advancements in our understanding of the biochemical mechanisms underlying limb development. It is fitting to review the lessons learnt from the 1960s thalidomide disaster in honour of the Society of Toxicology's 50th anniversary, which also happens to be the same year that thalidomide was removed from the market.
{"title":"Thalidomide - The Disastrous Drug","authors":"Rishabh Aggarwal, Anuj Nautiyal, Yogesh Joshi","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00042","url":null,"abstract":"In the late 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s, thalidomide was a medication that was frequently used to relieve nausea in pregnant women. Thalidomide treatment was shown to cause severe birth abnormalities in thousands of children in the 1960s. Thalidomide was an effective treatment for leprosy and later multiple myeloma, even though its usage was outlawed in the majority of nations at the time. Thalidomid treatment of pregnant leprosy patients has continued to result in deformities in rural areas of the world without major medical surveillance measures. Understanding of molecular targets is being improved through research into the mechanisms of thalidomide action. Safer medications might be created with a deeper understanding of these molecular targets. The thalidomide tragedy marked a turning point in toxicity testing because it compelled American and international regulatory agencies to create systematic toxicity testing protocols. In addition, the use of thalidomide as a developmental biology tool resulted in significant advancements in our understanding of the biochemical mechanisms underlying limb development. It is fitting to review the lessons learnt from the 1960s thalidomide disaster in honour of the Society of Toxicology's 50th anniversary, which also happens to be the same year that thalidomide was removed from the market.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00035
Sakshi D. Dandgawal, Rahul Y. Pagar, Dhananjay M. Patil
Before inhibitors of the proton pump and antagonists of the H2 receptor, the mainstay of therapy was antacids for acid-peptic diseases. In this work different tests for characterization of different brands of antacid granules were carried out. This study set out to compare the quality of five antacid brands. Angle of repose, Bulk density, Tapped density, Carr's index, Hausner's ratio, Effervescent duration, Preliminary Antacid Test, Acid Neutralizing Capacity, Reheis Test, and Rosette Rice Test were used to compare the antacid granules. In the examination of several antacid granules available in the market, the values of bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, carr's index, and hausner's ratio reveal that Brands A, B, and D have good flow property, Brand C has fair property, and Brand E has passable flow property. Brand A has a shorter effervescent time than other brands, while Brand D has a longer one. Because the antacid-acid (HCl) solution's pH for each brand is found to be greater than pH 3.5, all of the brands are considered to be antacids. The acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) test reveals that none of the antacid products meet the US FDA's requirement that they have an acid neutralizing capacity of at least 5 mEq. The Reheis test revealed that Brand B needed more time than other brands to neutralize, but Brand D needed less time. Brand A required less time than other brands to maintain the pH level between 3 and 5, while Brand D required more time, according to the Rosette rice test.
{"title":"Comparative Characterization of Marketed Antacid Granules","authors":"Sakshi D. Dandgawal, Rahul Y. Pagar, Dhananjay M. Patil","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00035","url":null,"abstract":"Before inhibitors of the proton pump and antagonists of the H2 receptor, the mainstay of therapy was antacids for acid-peptic diseases. In this work different tests for characterization of different brands of antacid granules were carried out. This study set out to compare the quality of five antacid brands. Angle of repose, Bulk density, Tapped density, Carr's index, Hausner's ratio, Effervescent duration, Preliminary Antacid Test, Acid Neutralizing Capacity, Reheis Test, and Rosette Rice Test were used to compare the antacid granules. In the examination of several antacid granules available in the market, the values of bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, carr's index, and hausner's ratio reveal that Brands A, B, and D have good flow property, Brand C has fair property, and Brand E has passable flow property. Brand A has a shorter effervescent time than other brands, while Brand D has a longer one. Because the antacid-acid (HCl) solution's pH for each brand is found to be greater than pH 3.5, all of the brands are considered to be antacids. The acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) test reveals that none of the antacid products meet the US FDA's requirement that they have an acid neutralizing capacity of at least 5 mEq. The Reheis test revealed that Brand B needed more time than other brands to neutralize, but Brand D needed less time. Brand A required less time than other brands to maintain the pH level between 3 and 5, while Brand D required more time, according to the Rosette rice test.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00045
Nandakumar R. Kadam, Poonam M. Kasar
The cellular components are called cell organelles. These cell organelles include both membrane and non-membrane bound organelles, present within the cells and are distinct in their structures and functions. They coordinate and function efficiently for the normal functioning of the cell. The cellular components are called cell organelles. These cell organelles include both membrane and non-membrane bound organelles, present within the cells and are distinct in their structures and functions. They coordinate and function efficiently for the normal functioning of the cell. A few of them function by providing shape and support, whereas some are involved in the locomotion and reproduction of a cell. There are various organelles present within the cell and are classified into three categories based on the presence or absence of membrane.
{"title":"Cell Organelles: DNA","authors":"Nandakumar R. Kadam, Poonam M. Kasar","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00045","url":null,"abstract":"The cellular components are called cell organelles. These cell organelles include both membrane and non-membrane bound organelles, present within the cells and are distinct in their structures and functions. They coordinate and function efficiently for the normal functioning of the cell. The cellular components are called cell organelles. These cell organelles include both membrane and non-membrane bound organelles, present within the cells and are distinct in their structures and functions. They coordinate and function efficiently for the normal functioning of the cell. A few of them function by providing shape and support, whereas some are involved in the locomotion and reproduction of a cell. There are various organelles present within the cell and are classified into three categories based on the presence or absence of membrane.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00044
Poonam M Kasar, Chetan Sahebrao Salunke, Krishna Pralhad Patil
Effective patient counseling makes the patient understand his/her illness, necessary lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy in a better way and thus enhance patient compliance. The pharmacist has immense responsibility in counseling the patients. The counseling pharmacist should possess adequate knowledge and should be an effective communicator, making use of the verbal and non-verbal communication skills. The act of assisting a client in seeing everything clearly, potentially from a unique perspective. This might assist the client in focusing on feelings, experiences, or behaviour with the goal of achieving positive change and establishing a trusting connection. Confidentiality is essential for successful counselling.
{"title":"Patient Counseling – Role of Pharmacist","authors":"Poonam M Kasar, Chetan Sahebrao Salunke, Krishna Pralhad Patil","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00044","url":null,"abstract":"Effective patient counseling makes the patient understand his/her illness, necessary lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy in a better way and thus enhance patient compliance. The pharmacist has immense responsibility in counseling the patients. The counseling pharmacist should possess adequate knowledge and should be an effective communicator, making use of the verbal and non-verbal communication skills. The act of assisting a client in seeing everything clearly, potentially from a unique perspective. This might assist the client in focusing on feelings, experiences, or behaviour with the goal of achieving positive change and establishing a trusting connection. Confidentiality is essential for successful counselling.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00041
P. Usha Lakshmi, K. Tejaswini, B. Hemalatha, K. Padmalatha
Microspheres play a very important role as particulate drug delivery system because of their small size and other efficient properties. Microspheres have been proved to be a suitable bridge to scale the distance over to formulate an effective dosage form, to simulate controlled drug release. Microspheres are characteristically free flowing solid powders, which consist of proteins or synthetic polymer, which are biodegradable in nature. Microspheres having particle size in range between 0.1 - 200μm, can be delivered by several routes like oral, parentral, nasal, ophthalmic, transdermal, colonal etc. Various recent advancement in case of microspheres like mucoadhesive, hollow, floating, microballons, magnetic have been contributed to overcome the various problems that are associated with the use of microspheres, which includes site specific targeting and improved release kinetics. In future by combining various new strategies, microspheres will find a central place in novel drug delivery, particularly in diseased cell sorting, genetic materials, safe, targeting and effective drug delivery.
{"title":"Microspheres: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"P. Usha Lakshmi, K. Tejaswini, B. Hemalatha, K. Padmalatha","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00041","url":null,"abstract":"Microspheres play a very important role as particulate drug delivery system because of their small size and other efficient properties. Microspheres have been proved to be a suitable bridge to scale the distance over to formulate an effective dosage form, to simulate controlled drug release. Microspheres are characteristically free flowing solid powders, which consist of proteins or synthetic polymer, which are biodegradable in nature. Microspheres having particle size in range between 0.1 - 200μm, can be delivered by several routes like oral, parentral, nasal, ophthalmic, transdermal, colonal etc. Various recent advancement in case of microspheres like mucoadhesive, hollow, floating, microballons, magnetic have been contributed to overcome the various problems that are associated with the use of microspheres, which includes site specific targeting and improved release kinetics. In future by combining various new strategies, microspheres will find a central place in novel drug delivery, particularly in diseased cell sorting, genetic materials, safe, targeting and effective drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colocasia esculenta is a widely cultivated plant belonging to the family Araceae. It is commonly known as “Taro” the name was given to this family’s tubers and roots. It is an annual herbaceous plant with a long history of uses in traditional medicine and as a food in several countries. Taro is an extremely valuable source of carbohydrates as an energy source. It is rich in mucilage and starch granules. Traditionally, it has been employed in the treatment of asthma, arthritis, diarrhea, neuro disorders, and skin disorders. It possesses ingredients having antitumor, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-hepatotoxic, and anti-melanogenic properties. The literature survey carried out revealed that taro can serve as a potential film-forming agent, disintegrant, diluent, and granulating agent. The review revealed that taro can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for its various properties. Taro mucilage was found to be a suitable alternative to conventional mucilage’s in formulations and development. Also in this review, we described different extraction techniques used to extract mucilage from the corms of the taro plant. The review concluded that all parts of the taro plant are useful and have a variety of health benefits. The starch and the gum obtained from the corms of C. esculenta can be used in the pharmaceutical industries for its various properties such as in the form of binder, matrix forming agent etc.
{"title":"Pharmaceutical approach of Taro (Colocasia esculenta)","authors":"Kirti Kubal, Kunal Dikwalkar, Akshay Rane, Palisha Hodawadekar, Amita Bhalekar, Nikita Dhuri, Shubham Chavan, Rohan Barse, Vijay Jagtap","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00040","url":null,"abstract":"Colocasia esculenta is a widely cultivated plant belonging to the family Araceae. It is commonly known as “Taro” the name was given to this family’s tubers and roots. It is an annual herbaceous plant with a long history of uses in traditional medicine and as a food in several countries. Taro is an extremely valuable source of carbohydrates as an energy source. It is rich in mucilage and starch granules. Traditionally, it has been employed in the treatment of asthma, arthritis, diarrhea, neuro disorders, and skin disorders. It possesses ingredients having antitumor, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-hepatotoxic, and anti-melanogenic properties. The literature survey carried out revealed that taro can serve as a potential film-forming agent, disintegrant, diluent, and granulating agent. The review revealed that taro can be used in the pharmaceutical industry for its various properties. Taro mucilage was found to be a suitable alternative to conventional mucilage’s in formulations and development. Also in this review, we described different extraction techniques used to extract mucilage from the corms of the taro plant. The review concluded that all parts of the taro plant are useful and have a variety of health benefits. The starch and the gum obtained from the corms of C. esculenta can be used in the pharmaceutical industries for its various properties such as in the form of binder, matrix forming agent etc.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00038
C. Muralikrishna Goud, G. N. Pramodini, Raja Rajeshwari Kamisetti
The present work focuses on providing awareness to the users of dietary supplement containing hordenine an unapproved dietary ingredient causing severe side effects. Hordenine is a new dietary ingredient that hasn’t been submitted to FDA to establish its safety. Hordinine is an ingredient without GRAS status. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently determined hordenine to be a “new dietary ingredient (NDI) for which an NDI notification is required and has not yet been submitted” and not an approved dietary ingredient under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). Therefore, any product containing hordenine is considered “adulterated”. Rapid heart rates and high blood pressure are the side effects of hordenine that are more likely to occur in sensitive sub-populations of people such as pregnant women and consumers with cardiovascular disease. Usage of hordenine should be avoided during surgeries because of its side effects i.e rapid heart rates and high blood pressure. Dietary supplement products containing hordinine are not safe for weight loss and improving athletic performances and should be avoided for consuming.
{"title":"Hordenine - Unapproved Dietary Ingredient","authors":"C. Muralikrishna Goud, G. N. Pramodini, Raja Rajeshwari Kamisetti","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00038","url":null,"abstract":"The present work focuses on providing awareness to the users of dietary supplement containing hordenine an unapproved dietary ingredient causing severe side effects. Hordenine is a new dietary ingredient that hasn’t been submitted to FDA to establish its safety. Hordinine is an ingredient without GRAS status. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently determined hordenine to be a “new dietary ingredient (NDI) for which an NDI notification is required and has not yet been submitted” and not an approved dietary ingredient under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). Therefore, any product containing hordenine is considered “adulterated”. Rapid heart rates and high blood pressure are the side effects of hordenine that are more likely to occur in sensitive sub-populations of people such as pregnant women and consumers with cardiovascular disease. Usage of hordenine should be avoided during surgeries because of its side effects i.e rapid heart rates and high blood pressure. Dietary supplement products containing hordinine are not safe for weight loss and improving athletic performances and should be avoided for consuming.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fast dissolving films for oral administration were a novel treatment option for individuals who had trouble swallowing pills or tablets. Hydrophilic polymers are used to create a film that quickly dissolves on the tongue. Upto 50-60% of all dosage forms, the traditional dosage forms (tablet and capsule) are widely accepted. For condition such as trigeminal neuralgia, Meniere’s disease and addiction, any buccal administration solutions have been commercialized or are being suggested. The type of drug delivery system known as an orally fast dissolving film dissolves or disintegrates in the oral cavity after being placed there in a matter of seconds without the need for water. Films are unconstructive, excellent mucoadhesion. Methods used for manufacturing of Fast dissolving films are solvent casting method, rolling. Evaluation test for fast dissolving films are hardness, friability. A new drug delivery technology for oral drug administration is fast-dissolving film. It was created using the transdermal patch's technology. The methods employed for Spray drying and freeze-drying are used to make fast-dissolving tablets. By creating an easy-to-use dosage form, Novel Pharmacological Delivery System (NDDS), a recent advancement, promises to improve the safety and effectiveness of currently used drug molecules improved patient compliance and better administration. To create a chemical entity, it takes a lot of money, effort, and time are necessary. Beneficial in situations where an extra quick onset of action is necessary, such as motion sickness, severe discomfort, allergic reactions, or coughing.
{"title":"Fast Dissolving Films: A Review","authors":"Mansi Thakur, Isha Sharma, Michi Moda, Neha Sharma","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00037","url":null,"abstract":"Fast dissolving films for oral administration were a novel treatment option for individuals who had trouble swallowing pills or tablets. Hydrophilic polymers are used to create a film that quickly dissolves on the tongue. Upto 50-60% of all dosage forms, the traditional dosage forms (tablet and capsule) are widely accepted. For condition such as trigeminal neuralgia, Meniere’s disease and addiction, any buccal administration solutions have been commercialized or are being suggested. The type of drug delivery system known as an orally fast dissolving film dissolves or disintegrates in the oral cavity after being placed there in a matter of seconds without the need for water. Films are unconstructive, excellent mucoadhesion. Methods used for manufacturing of Fast dissolving films are solvent casting method, rolling. Evaluation test for fast dissolving films are hardness, friability. A new drug delivery technology for oral drug administration is fast-dissolving film. It was created using the transdermal patch's technology. The methods employed for Spray drying and freeze-drying are used to make fast-dissolving tablets. By creating an easy-to-use dosage form, Novel Pharmacological Delivery System (NDDS), a recent advancement, promises to improve the safety and effectiveness of currently used drug molecules improved patient compliance and better administration. To create a chemical entity, it takes a lot of money, effort, and time are necessary. Beneficial in situations where an extra quick onset of action is necessary, such as motion sickness, severe discomfort, allergic reactions, or coughing.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00034
Jubershaha Fakir, Khemchand R. Surana, Dhananjay M. Patil, Deepak D. Sonawane
Background: Millions of individuals worldwide have been impacted by COVID-19, which has put a tremendous strain on global economies and healthcare systems. Vaccines are the only way to stop this pandemic, unfortunately. The COVID-19 vaccines were developed more swiftly than previous immunizations and have received global Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) approval. Therefore, our goal was to assess any short-term negative consequences following vaccination. The purpose of this study is to determine the negative effects linked to three different COVID-19 vaccination types. The questionnaire asked questions on COVID-19 infection and the adverse effects of the COVID-19 vaccine after receiving the first, second, or booster dose. Method: With the help of questionnaires from different districts, a cross-sectional study was done. We made the questionnaire and used it to find out things like which side effects happen most often after the first, second, and booster doses of a vaccine. We also find out how many people get the Corona virus after getting the vaccine. Result: People often experience bad side effects like fever, nausea, diarrhoea, weakness, headache, chills with shivering, pain at the injection site, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Even though many people don't have any problems after getting a vaccine, Most of the time, we found that only 4% of people who got the vaccine got the Corona virus. Conclusion: As more people get sick after getting the Covishield vaccine, it may not work as well as the Covaxin and Sputnik V vaccines.
{"title":"Survey Based Assessment of Adverse Effect in Covid-19 Vaccination Breakthrough Infections","authors":"Jubershaha Fakir, Khemchand R. Surana, Dhananjay M. Patil, Deepak D. Sonawane","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00034","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Millions of individuals worldwide have been impacted by COVID-19, which has put a tremendous strain on global economies and healthcare systems. Vaccines are the only way to stop this pandemic, unfortunately. The COVID-19 vaccines were developed more swiftly than previous immunizations and have received global Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) approval. Therefore, our goal was to assess any short-term negative consequences following vaccination. The purpose of this study is to determine the negative effects linked to three different COVID-19 vaccination types. The questionnaire asked questions on COVID-19 infection and the adverse effects of the COVID-19 vaccine after receiving the first, second, or booster dose. Method: With the help of questionnaires from different districts, a cross-sectional study was done. We made the questionnaire and used it to find out things like which side effects happen most often after the first, second, and booster doses of a vaccine. We also find out how many people get the Corona virus after getting the vaccine. Result: People often experience bad side effects like fever, nausea, diarrhoea, weakness, headache, chills with shivering, pain at the injection site, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Even though many people don't have any problems after getting a vaccine, Most of the time, we found that only 4% of people who got the vaccine got the Corona virus. Conclusion: As more people get sick after getting the Covishield vaccine, it may not work as well as the Covaxin and Sputnik V vaccines.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00039
Karishma. P. Bhadane, Rutuja. T. Bedse, Rajesh. D. Ahire, D. A. Patil
In India, a significant portion of the population has settled in dry rain-fed areas that need perennial vegetation to protect them from erosion. The use of drought tolerant and economically viable plants appears to be an option to sustain livelihoods, reduce poverty and create employment opportunities. Prickly pear is drought tolerant due to its carbon dioxide fixation pathway (CAM), well suited to dry zones where it can be used as an alternative food and fodder as well as a hedge to protect agricultural fields. In the seventh century, the British introduced cacti to India to produce cochineal dye, but these plantations gradually disappeared due to pests and flooding of the areas. Recent attempts to introduce the cultivated cactus pear began in the late 1980s. In addition to the adaptation trials, some other aspects have been studied in the country: plant productivity, nutritional aspects, salinity tolerance, fruit quality, etc., which are briefly described in this article.
{"title":"A Short Review on Prickly Pear Fruit Opuntia spp","authors":"Karishma. P. Bhadane, Rutuja. T. Bedse, Rajesh. D. Ahire, D. A. Patil","doi":"10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00039","url":null,"abstract":"In India, a significant portion of the population has settled in dry rain-fed areas that need perennial vegetation to protect them from erosion. The use of drought tolerant and economically viable plants appears to be an option to sustain livelihoods, reduce poverty and create employment opportunities. Prickly pear is drought tolerant due to its carbon dioxide fixation pathway (CAM), well suited to dry zones where it can be used as an alternative food and fodder as well as a hedge to protect agricultural fields. In the seventh century, the British introduced cacti to India to produce cochineal dye, but these plantations gradually disappeared due to pests and flooding of the areas. Recent attempts to introduce the cultivated cactus pear began in the late 1980s. In addition to the adaptation trials, some other aspects have been studied in the country: plant productivity, nutritional aspects, salinity tolerance, fruit quality, etc., which are briefly described in this article.","PeriodicalId":8545,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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