Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248601136
R A Nasyrov, V A Galichina, V N Timchenko, O L Krasnogorskaya, A S Chepelev, E P Fedotova, N A Sidorova, A A Agafonnikova, N M Anichkov
New coronavirus infection is registered less frequently in children than in adults. Among all patients with COVID-19, the share of children is 8.6%. Clinical practice shows that in children, COVID-19 can be severe and even fatal. Articles have been published reflecting the clinical manifestations of Long Covid in children, while data on pathomorphological examination of the lungs during long-term COVID-19 in children are not available in the literature. On the basis of the Department of Pathological Anatomy with a course of Forensic Medicine and the Pathological-Anatomical Department of the Clinic of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, an analysis of medical documentation was carried out, autopsy materials were selected from 3 observations of the death of children from COVID-19. The selection criterion was the duration of the disease. A histological examination using standard methods and IHC analysis using antibodies to the nucleocapsid of SARS-Cov-2, CD95, CD31 were carried out on the lung tissue of 3 children aged 2 months to 2 years who died from a new coronavirus infection. Microscopically, all three patients showed microvessels damage, their thrombosis, angiogenesis, as well as signs of diffuse alveolar damage The combination of expression of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and the apoptosis marker on the vascular endothelium of the MCR is of interest.
Conclusion: The data obtained indicate infection with coronavirus and death of endothelial cells due to apoptosis. Endothelial damage in the microvessels of the lungs is the initiating factor in the development of capillary-alveolar block, tissue hypoxia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, leading in some cases to respiratory/multiple organ failure and death.
{"title":"[Lung pathology in children with a long-term novel coronavirus infection COVID-19].","authors":"R A Nasyrov, V A Galichina, V N Timchenko, O L Krasnogorskaya, A S Chepelev, E P Fedotova, N A Sidorova, A A Agafonnikova, N M Anichkov","doi":"10.17116/patol20248601136","DOIUrl":"10.17116/patol20248601136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New coronavirus infection is registered less frequently in children than in adults. Among all patients with COVID-19, the share of children is 8.6%. Clinical practice shows that in children, COVID-19 can be severe and even fatal. Articles have been published reflecting the clinical manifestations of Long Covid in children, while data on pathomorphological examination of the lungs during long-term COVID-19 in children are not available in the literature. On the basis of the Department of Pathological Anatomy with a course of Forensic Medicine and the Pathological-Anatomical Department of the Clinic of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, an analysis of medical documentation was carried out, autopsy materials were selected from 3 observations of the death of children from COVID-19. The selection criterion was the duration of the disease. A histological examination using standard methods and IHC analysis using antibodies to the nucleocapsid of SARS-Cov-2, CD95, CD31 were carried out on the lung tissue of 3 children aged 2 months to 2 years who died from a new coronavirus infection. Microscopically, all three patients showed microvessels damage, their thrombosis, angiogenesis, as well as signs of diffuse alveolar damage The combination of expression of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and the apoptosis marker on the vascular endothelium of the MCR is of interest.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data obtained indicate infection with coronavirus and death of endothelial cells due to apoptosis. Endothelial damage in the microvessels of the lungs is the initiating factor in the development of capillary-alveolar block, tissue hypoxia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, leading in some cases to respiratory/multiple organ failure and death.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248602142
A V Shatskikh, A A Yarovoy, I M Gorshkov, Yu B Gorodetskaya
Vasoproliferative retinal tumor (VPT) is a term proposed by ophthalmologists in relation to the totality of manifestations of an intraocular volumetric process with involvement of the inner lining of the eye, an integral part of which is the active growth of blood vessels. The available literature data on the morphology of this process are very contradictory and ambiguous. The article presents two clinical cases of vasoproliferative retinal tumor with own illustration of morphological studies.
{"title":"[Morphological features of vasoproliferative tumor of the retina].","authors":"A V Shatskikh, A A Yarovoy, I M Gorshkov, Yu B Gorodetskaya","doi":"10.17116/patol20248602142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248602142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vasoproliferative retinal tumor (VPT) is a term proposed by ophthalmologists in relation to the totality of manifestations of an intraocular volumetric process with involvement of the inner lining of the eye, an integral part of which is the active growth of blood vessels. The available literature data on the morphology of this process are very contradictory and ambiguous. The article presents two clinical cases of vasoproliferative retinal tumor with own illustration of morphological studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248602172
M V Mnikhovich, P A Akhsanova, T N Sotnikova
Ippolit Vasilyevich Davydovsky was born in 1887 in Danilov, Yaroslavl province, into the family of a clergyman. He received his primary education in a parochial church school. After I.V. Davydovsky's family moved to Yaroslavl, he continued his education in a men's gymnasium. Having successfully graduated from the gymnasium, I.V. Davydovsky in 1905 entered the medical faculty of Moscow State University, where he studied and was influenced by Acad. A.I. Abrikosov formed his first scientific interests. After graduating from the university in 1910, I.V. Davydovsky worked as a sanitary doctor and then as a zemstvo doctor. In 1912. I.V. Davydovsky received the title of Doctor of Medicine and a year later became a prozektor of the Yauza Hospital, which today bears his name. At this time, under the influence of Prof. M.N. Nikiforov, I.V. Davydovsky began to be interested in infectious pathology, which was later reflected in a number of his scientific works on typhus, paratyphus, dysentery and other infectious diseases.
{"title":"[Ippolit Vasilyevich Davydovsky -academician, educator, healthcare organizer].","authors":"M V Mnikhovich, P A Akhsanova, T N Sotnikova","doi":"10.17116/patol20248602172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248602172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ippolit Vasilyevich Davydovsky was born in 1887 in Danilov, Yaroslavl province, into the family of a clergyman. He received his primary education in a parochial church school. After I.V. Davydovsky's family moved to Yaroslavl, he continued his education in a men's gymnasium. Having successfully graduated from the gymnasium, I.V. Davydovsky in 1905 entered the medical faculty of Moscow State University, where he studied and was influenced by Acad. A.I. Abrikosov formed his first scientific interests. After graduating from the university in 1910, I.V. Davydovsky worked as a sanitary doctor and then as a zemstvo doctor. In 1912. I.V. Davydovsky received the title of Doctor of Medicine and a year later became a prozektor of the Yauza Hospital, which today bears his name. At this time, under the influence of Prof. M.N. Nikiforov, I.V. Davydovsky began to be interested in infectious pathology, which was later reflected in a number of his scientific works on typhus, paratyphus, dysentery and other infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248604142
D S Abramov, A S Fedorova, E A Tuzova, N V Myakova, D M Konovalov
ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a rare T-cell lymphoma with ALK gene rearrangement that develops in children and young adults. The disease almost always affects the lymph nodes, and extranodal areas are also frequently involved. This article describes two cases of atypical localization of ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma with involvement of the paranasal sinuses.
{"title":"[ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma of paranasal sinuses: two cases report and literature review].","authors":"D S Abramov, A S Fedorova, E A Tuzova, N V Myakova, D M Konovalov","doi":"10.17116/patol20248604142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248604142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a rare T-cell lymphoma with ALK gene rearrangement that develops in children and young adults. The disease almost always affects the lymph nodes, and extranodal areas are also frequently involved. This article describes two cases of atypical localization of ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma with involvement of the paranasal sinuses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248604164
I V Maiborodin, I V Klimachev, B V Sheplev, S E Krasil'nikov, V I Maiborodina
A literature search was conducted to review papers on the results of studies of clear cell renal cancer (CCRC) vascularization. Numerous data on the relationship between tumor pathogenesis and its vascularization have been revealed, which indicates the multifactorial nature of CCRC development and the significant role of angiogenesis in this process. It should be taken into account that patients with CCRC may have impaired vessel formation even before tumor development. To evaluate normal and pathologic angiogenesis, a pathohistologic study using immunohistochemistry is certainly necessary. Due to the significant role of angiogenesis in the development and course of CCRC, the use of drugs that suppress the formation of the vascular network in the tumor is relevant and advisable. To date, many drugs have been developed and introduced into clinical practice to inhibit angiogenesis. However, such drugs have not lived up to the expectations placed due to the frequent and rapidly developing drug resistance. Timely detection of pre-tumor and tumor processes, as well as effective treatment of cancer, including CCRC, is possible only with close cooperation between pathomorphologists and oncologists.
{"title":"[Peculiarities of angiogenesis in clear cell renal cancer].","authors":"I V Maiborodin, I V Klimachev, B V Sheplev, S E Krasil'nikov, V I Maiborodina","doi":"10.17116/patol20248604164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248604164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A literature search was conducted to review papers on the results of studies of clear cell renal cancer (CCRC) vascularization. Numerous data on the relationship between tumor pathogenesis and its vascularization have been revealed, which indicates the multifactorial nature of CCRC development and the significant role of angiogenesis in this process. It should be taken into account that patients with CCRC may have impaired vessel formation even before tumor development. To evaluate normal and pathologic angiogenesis, a pathohistologic study using immunohistochemistry is certainly necessary. Due to the significant role of angiogenesis in the development and course of CCRC, the use of drugs that suppress the formation of the vascular network in the tumor is relevant and advisable. To date, many drugs have been developed and introduced into clinical practice to inhibit angiogenesis. However, such drugs have not lived up to the expectations placed due to the frequent and rapidly developing drug resistance. Timely detection of pre-tumor and tumor processes, as well as effective treatment of cancer, including CCRC, is possible only with close cooperation between pathomorphologists and oncologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248603146
E A Kogan, T A Demura, E E Shchelokova, A V Arablinsky, S N Avdeev, E A Tarabrin, I A Tarasova, N V Kovyazina, A A Kharlamova
Alveolar proteinosis is a rare lung disease characterized by the accumulation of protein-lipid complexes in the alveoli due to impaired surfactant utilization by alveolar macrophages. The frequency is from 2 to 4 cases per 1 million adult population. We present an observation of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a patient with a history of coronavirus pneumonia.
{"title":"[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with persistence of SARS-CoV2 virus].","authors":"E A Kogan, T A Demura, E E Shchelokova, A V Arablinsky, S N Avdeev, E A Tarabrin, I A Tarasova, N V Kovyazina, A A Kharlamova","doi":"10.17116/patol20248603146","DOIUrl":"10.17116/patol20248603146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alveolar proteinosis is a rare lung disease characterized by the accumulation of protein-lipid complexes in the alveoli due to impaired surfactant utilization by alveolar macrophages. The frequency is from 2 to 4 cases per 1 million adult population. We present an observation of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a patient with a history of coronavirus pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248603174
A V Berestova, S G Radenska-Lopovok, T P Nekrasova, T A Demura, Z O Krishtal
Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov is a Russian physiologist, a natural scientist, and the creator of the Russian physiological school. The classic work «Reflexes of the Brain», published in 1863, became revolutionary in its own way for medicine and society, since the reflex nature of conscious and unconscious activity was proved. Along with numerous well-known scientific works, there is an early student publication in the Moscow Medical Journal published by A. I. Polunin. It describes the medical history of a patient with a tumor who was unsuccessfully treated for a long time in accordance with the humoral theory of pathology. This publication makes it possible to understand why I. M. Sechenov became disillusioned with practical medicine, but found his vocation in the study of physiology. The article is devoted to the 195th anniversary of the birth of I. M. Sechenov.
伊万-米哈伊洛维奇-谢切诺夫是俄罗斯生理学家、自然科学家和俄罗斯生理学流派的开创者。1863 年出版的经典著作《大脑的反射》以其独特的方式成为医学和社会的革命性著作,因为它证明了有意识和无意识活动的反射性质。除了众多著名的科学著作外,阿-伊-波鲁宁(A. I. Polunin)还在《莫斯科医学杂志》上发表了一份早期的学生刊物。这篇文章描述了一位肿瘤患者的病史,根据体液病理学理论,他接受了很长时间的治疗,但都没有成功。通过这篇文章,我们可以理解为什么伊-米-谢切诺夫对实用医学感到失望,却在生理学研究中找到了自己的天职。这篇文章献给 I. M. 谢切诺夫诞辰 195 周年。
{"title":"[About the first publication of I.M. Sechenov. (To the 195th anniversary of his birth)].","authors":"A V Berestova, S G Radenska-Lopovok, T P Nekrasova, T A Demura, Z O Krishtal","doi":"10.17116/patol20248603174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248603174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov is a Russian physiologist, a natural scientist, and the creator of the Russian physiological school. The classic work «Reflexes of the Brain», published in 1863, became revolutionary in its own way for medicine and society, since the reflex nature of conscious and unconscious activity was proved. Along with numerous well-known scientific works, there is an early student publication in the Moscow Medical Journal published by A. I. Polunin. It describes the medical history of a patient with a tumor who was unsuccessfully treated for a long time in accordance with the humoral theory of pathology. This publication makes it possible to understand why I. M. Sechenov became disillusioned with practical medicine, but found his vocation in the study of physiology. The article is devoted to the 195th anniversary of the birth of I. M. Sechenov.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248602137
G A Raskin, M S Mukchina, A S Kaurtseva, O N Ponkina, N V Agurina
Primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with EWSR1-CREB1 fusion is an extremely rare tumor. Its clinical manifestation is unspecific and only molecular genetic method can proof this diagnosis. This paper describes an unusual clinical presentation of primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma in a 68-year-old patient with involvement of both lungs.
{"title":"[Primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with EWSR1-CREB1 fusion].","authors":"G A Raskin, M S Mukchina, A S Kaurtseva, O N Ponkina, N V Agurina","doi":"10.17116/patol20248602137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248602137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma with <i>EWSR1-CREB1</i> fusion is an extremely rare tumor. Its clinical manifestation is unspecific and only molecular genetic method can proof this diagnosis. This paper describes an unusual clinical presentation of primary pulmonary myxoid sarcoma in a 68-year-old patient with involvement of both lungs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140851300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248601152
A B Ponomarev, K R Pashayeva, N Yu Feyziyeva
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is a disease characterized by damage of small vessels and in some cases can be a manifestation of mixed cryoglobulinemia. Mixed cryoglobulinemia is a condition in which immunoglobulins in the blood serum form precipitates at temperatures below 37 °C and dissolve again when it rises. Currently, hepatitis C (HCV) is considered the most common etiological factor of mixed cryoglobulinemia. In addition, mixed cryoglobulinemia may be associated with other infectious agents, as well as autoimmune and lymphoproliferative diseases. In the absence of such association, we can talk about essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. To understand how different nosologies in their clinical and morphological picture lead to the development of mixed cryoglobulinemia, it is necessary to carefully analyze the mechanisms of the development of some of them, namely, HCV-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and Sjögren's syndrome. It is noteworthy that mixed cryoglobulinemia in relation to Sjögren's syndrome can be perceived both as its consequence and as a manifestation of the underlying disease. Such an ambiguous nature of mixed cryoglobulinemia makes it currently impossible to select clear diagnostic criteria. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out a comparison between different immunopathogenesis of mixed cryoglobulinemia in order to identify the features that form its classical manifestations.
{"title":"[Comparative analysis of the development mechanisms of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and Sjögren's syndrome].","authors":"A B Ponomarev, K R Pashayeva, N Yu Feyziyeva","doi":"10.17116/patol20248601152","DOIUrl":"10.17116/patol20248601152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is a disease characterized by damage of small vessels and in some cases can be a manifestation of mixed cryoglobulinemia. Mixed cryoglobulinemia is a condition in which immunoglobulins in the blood serum form precipitates at temperatures below 37 °C and dissolve again when it rises. Currently, hepatitis C (HCV) is considered the most common etiological factor of mixed cryoglobulinemia. In addition, mixed cryoglobulinemia may be associated with other infectious agents, as well as autoimmune and lymphoproliferative diseases. In the absence of such association, we can talk about essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. To understand how different nosologies in their clinical and morphological picture lead to the development of mixed cryoglobulinemia, it is necessary to carefully analyze the mechanisms of the development of some of them, namely, HCV-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and Sjögren's syndrome. It is noteworthy that mixed cryoglobulinemia in relation to Sjögren's syndrome can be perceived both as its consequence and as a manifestation of the underlying disease. Such an ambiguous nature of mixed cryoglobulinemia makes it currently impossible to select clear diagnostic criteria. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out a comparison between different immunopathogenesis of mixed cryoglobulinemia in order to identify the features that form its classical manifestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17116/patol20248601165
A G Talalaev, I S Davydov
The lecture is devoted to the morphological characteristics of the maturation of lung tissue structures in the fetal period. Fetal histology of the lungs presents the intrauterine development of lung tissue in four successive stages: pseudoglandular, canalicular, saccular and alveolar, each has specific morphological criteria. The following morphological features are predetermined: the development of alveolar epithelium, the ratio of mesenchyme towards the area in alveolar spaces, the degree of proliferation and location of vessels of the microcirculatory bed towards prealveolar partitions. During the fetal period the alveolar columnar epithelium is flattened and differentiates into alveolocytes type I and II, the area of the mesenchyme gradually decreases and by the birth of a full-term newborn kid it is present mainly in the thickness between the alveolar septa, microcirculation vessels, initially laying deep in the thickness of the mesenchymal tissue, gradually proliferate, approach the pre-alveolar epithelium, channeling it with the formation of alveolar capillary membranes. Air exchange in the lung tissue is mainly provided with two factors: the presence of second-order alveolocytes capable of producing surfactant, and a sufficient formation of alveoli as well. This work summarizes the basics of fetal lung histology with the demonstration of histological preparations of the lungs at different stages of intrauterine development.
本讲座主要介绍胎儿时期肺组织结构成熟的形态特征。胎儿肺组织学将肺组织的宫内发育分为四个连续阶段:假腺体期、管状期、囊状期和肺泡期,每个阶段都有特定的形态学标准。以下形态特征是预先确定的:肺泡上皮的发育、间质与肺泡间隙面积的比例、微循环床血管的增殖程度和位置与肺泡前分区的比例。在胎儿时期,肺泡柱状上皮变平,并分化成肺泡细胞 I 型和 II 型,间质的面积逐渐减少,到足月新生儿出生时,间质主要存在于肺泡间隔之间的厚度中,微循环血管最初位于间质组织厚度的深处,后来逐渐增殖,接近肺泡前上皮,并通过肺泡毛细血管膜的形成将其导入。肺组织中的空气交换主要取决于两个因素:能够产生表面活性剂的二阶肺泡细胞的存在,以及肺泡的充分形成。本研究通过展示宫内发育不同阶段的肺组织学制备,总结了胎儿肺组织学的基础知识。
{"title":"[Histology of fetal lungs at different gestational age].","authors":"A G Talalaev, I S Davydov","doi":"10.17116/patol20248601165","DOIUrl":"10.17116/patol20248601165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lecture is devoted to the morphological characteristics of the maturation of lung tissue structures in the fetal period. Fetal histology of the lungs presents the intrauterine development of lung tissue in four successive stages: pseudoglandular, canalicular, saccular and alveolar, each has specific morphological criteria. The following morphological features are predetermined: the development of alveolar epithelium, the ratio of mesenchyme towards the area in alveolar spaces, the degree of proliferation and location of vessels of the microcirculatory bed towards prealveolar partitions. During the fetal period the alveolar columnar epithelium is flattened and differentiates into alveolocytes type I and II, the area of the mesenchyme gradually decreases and by the birth of a full-term newborn kid it is present mainly in the thickness between the alveolar septa, microcirculation vessels, initially laying deep in the thickness of the mesenchymal tissue, gradually proliferate, approach the pre-alveolar epithelium, channeling it with the formation of alveolar capillary membranes. Air exchange in the lung tissue is mainly provided with two factors: the presence of second-order alveolocytes capable of producing surfactant, and a sufficient formation of alveoli as well. This work summarizes the basics of fetal lung histology with the demonstration of histological preparations of the lungs at different stages of intrauterine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}