Objective: To assess the effects of nebulized inhaled Mycobacterium vaccae on allergic airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and Th1/Th2 cell imbalance in mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Methods: Mice received OVA sensitization and challenge for establishment of the asthmatic model. For intervention, mice received Mycobacterium vaccae nebulization once every other day from the first day of sensitization to the day before challenge. After challenge, pulmonary histological analysis and airway responsiveness measurement were performed. In addition, Th1/Th2 cytokines and OVA-specific IgE levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured by ELISA. Th1/Th2 subset ratios and the expression of interferon-regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), IRF8 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in dendritic cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results: Severe inflammatory infiltration and airway hyperresponsiveness were observed in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Asthmatic mice showed higher Th2 cytokine concentration and increased percentage of Th2 cells, along with lower Th1 cytokine concentration and reduced percentage of Th1 cells compared with the normal control. Moreover, an imbalance of IRF4+ and IRF8+ in dendritic cells was found in asthmatic mice. Nebulized inhaled Mycobacterium vaccae reduced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. In addition, nebulized inhaled Mycobacterium vaccae enhanced TLR4 and IRF8 expression, and alleviated the imbalance of Th1/Th2 as well as IRF4+ and IRF8+ in dendritic cells. Conclusions: Nebulized inhaled Mycobacterium vaccae protects against asthma by alleviating the imbalance of Th1/Th2 and IRF4/ IRF8 in OVA-induced asthmatic mice.
{"title":"Nebulized Mycobacterium vaccae protects against asthma by attenuating the imbalance of IRF4/IRF8 expression in dendritic cells","authors":"Qixiang Sun, Si-Yue Xu, Laodong Li, Huan Xiao, Qian-Nan Zhang, Chaoqian Li","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.363878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.363878","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the effects of nebulized inhaled Mycobacterium vaccae on allergic airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and Th1/Th2 cell imbalance in mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Methods: Mice received OVA sensitization and challenge for establishment of the asthmatic model. For intervention, mice received Mycobacterium vaccae nebulization once every other day from the first day of sensitization to the day before challenge. After challenge, pulmonary histological analysis and airway responsiveness measurement were performed. In addition, Th1/Th2 cytokines and OVA-specific IgE levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured by ELISA. Th1/Th2 subset ratios and the expression of interferon-regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), IRF8 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in dendritic cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results: Severe inflammatory infiltration and airway hyperresponsiveness were observed in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Asthmatic mice showed higher Th2 cytokine concentration and increased percentage of Th2 cells, along with lower Th1 cytokine concentration and reduced percentage of Th1 cells compared with the normal control. Moreover, an imbalance of IRF4+ and IRF8+ in dendritic cells was found in asthmatic mice. Nebulized inhaled Mycobacterium vaccae reduced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. In addition, nebulized inhaled Mycobacterium vaccae enhanced TLR4 and IRF8 expression, and alleviated the imbalance of Th1/Th2 as well as IRF4+ and IRF8+ in dendritic cells. Conclusions: Nebulized inhaled Mycobacterium vaccae protects against asthma by alleviating the imbalance of Th1/Th2 and IRF4/ IRF8 in OVA-induced asthmatic mice.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"520 - 529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46630733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.363875
A. Anaeigoudari
Medicinal plants and their ingredients have beneficial effects on human health. Nigella sativa is a herbal plant with multiple biological and pharmacological activities. Previous studies demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Nigella sativa and its main constituent thymoquinone significantly contributes to the antidepressant and anti-nociception effects of this plant. It has been reported that thymoquinone may achieve its antidepressant effect by preventing the elimination of brain neurotransmitters affecting depression such as serotonin. The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factors in the antidepressant effects of thymoquinone has also been documented. Additionally, thymoquinone can attenuate pain by upregulation of intracellular signaling pathways related to nitric oxide and K+ATP channels. The present review summarizes the antidepressant and anti-nociceptive activity of Nigella sativa and its main constituent thymoquinone by searching literature on electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar from the beginning of 2010 until the end of August 2022.
药用植物及其成分对人体健康有益。黑草是一种具有多种生物活性和药理活性的中草药植物。以往的研究表明，黑草及其主要成分百里醌的抗炎和抗氧化作用是该植物抗抑郁和抗伤害作用的重要组成部分。据报道，百里醌的抗抑郁作用可能是通过阻止影响抑郁症的脑神经递质(如血清素)的消除来实现的。脑源性神经营养因子在百里醌抗抑郁作用中的作用也有文献记载。此外，百里醌可以通过上调与一氧化氮和K+ATP通道相关的细胞内信号通路来减轻疼痛。本文通过检索PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、谷歌Scholar等电子数据库2010年初至2022年8月底的文献，对黑草及其主要成分百里醌的抗抑郁和抗伤害活性进行了综述。
{"title":"Antidepressant and anti-nociceptive effects of Nigella sativa and its main constituent, thymoquinone: A literature review","authors":"A. Anaeigoudari","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.363875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.363875","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants and their ingredients have beneficial effects on human health. Nigella sativa is a herbal plant with multiple biological and pharmacological activities. Previous studies demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Nigella sativa and its main constituent thymoquinone significantly contributes to the antidepressant and anti-nociception effects of this plant. It has been reported that thymoquinone may achieve its antidepressant effect by preventing the elimination of brain neurotransmitters affecting depression such as serotonin. The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factors in the antidepressant effects of thymoquinone has also been documented. Additionally, thymoquinone can attenuate pain by upregulation of intracellular signaling pathways related to nitric oxide and K+ATP channels. The present review summarizes the antidepressant and anti-nociceptive activity of Nigella sativa and its main constituent thymoquinone by searching literature on electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar from the beginning of 2010 until the end of August 2022.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"495 - 503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44592623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.363879
S. Samal, R. Meher, Debasmita Dubey, S. Mir, B. Nayak, M. Sahu, P. Naik, Goutam Rath, S. Swain
Objective: To investigate the interaction of p53 with docetaxel and berberine and their anticancer activities against oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: The interaction between p53 with docetaxel and berberine was investigated and their mechanisms of action against oral squamous cell carcinoma were studied. Toxicity studies were performed to determine any toxic impact of the drugs on the vital organs of tested animals. Results: In silico results revealed the molecular interaction of docetaxel and berberine with p53 and the molecules were found to be potential p53 inducers. Docetaxel and berberine inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that docetaxel and berberine at IC50 concentrations upregulated the expression of p53 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, thus triggering apoptotic cell death. In addition, no toxicity was observed in the liver and kidney tissues of mice after docetaxel and berberine treatment. Conclusions: Docetaxel and berberine significantly suppressed the proliferation of oral cancer cells by activating p53 expression and causing apoptotic cell death. Both compounds can be potential agents for the treatment of oral cancer, with little to no toxicity at the tissue level.
{"title":"In-silico and in-vitro evaluation of docetaxel and berberine as potential p53 modulating apoptotic inducers in oral squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"S. Samal, R. Meher, Debasmita Dubey, S. Mir, B. Nayak, M. Sahu, P. Naik, Goutam Rath, S. Swain","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.363879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.363879","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the interaction of p53 with docetaxel and berberine and their anticancer activities against oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: The interaction between p53 with docetaxel and berberine was investigated and their mechanisms of action against oral squamous cell carcinoma were studied. Toxicity studies were performed to determine any toxic impact of the drugs on the vital organs of tested animals. Results: In silico results revealed the molecular interaction of docetaxel and berberine with p53 and the molecules were found to be potential p53 inducers. Docetaxel and berberine inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that docetaxel and berberine at IC50 concentrations upregulated the expression of p53 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, thus triggering apoptotic cell death. In addition, no toxicity was observed in the liver and kidney tissues of mice after docetaxel and berberine treatment. Conclusions: Docetaxel and berberine significantly suppressed the proliferation of oral cancer cells by activating p53 expression and causing apoptotic cell death. Both compounds can be potential agents for the treatment of oral cancer, with little to no toxicity at the tissue level.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"530 - 540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42096043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.363876
L. Pal, S. Agrawal, Arti Gautam
Objective: To evaluate the ethanol extract of Voacanga grandifolia for hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential against ethanolinduced liver toxicity in rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were administered ethanol (7 g/kg) and then treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg of Voacanga grandifolia extract. The phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of Voacanga grandifolia extract were evaluated by GC-MS and in vitro antioxidant assays. Biochemical indicators for liver damage and proapoptotic and antiapoptotic gene expression were determined using biochemical kits, ELISA, and qRT-PCR, respectively. Additionally, histopathological study of the liver was performed. Results: GC-MS identified propanoic acid, meso-erythritol, D-pinitol, myo-inositol, and hexadecanoic acid in Voacanga grandifolia extract. Voacanga grandifolia extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) increased the concentration of enzymatic antioxidants while diminishing the levels of inflammatory cytokines and biochemical indicators. qRT-PCR assay showed that Voacanga grandifolia extracts upregulated antiapoptotic gene expression while downregulating pro-apoptotic gene expression. Furthermore, the plant extract improved the hepatic architecture of ethanol-intoxicated rats. Conclusions: Voacanga grandifolia extract demonstrates hepatoprotective activity against alcohol-induced liver injury in rats and could be a potential hepatoprotective agent.
{"title":"Voacanga grandifolia (Miq.) Rolfe protects against alcohol-induced liver toxicity in rats","authors":"L. Pal, S. Agrawal, Arti Gautam","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.363876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.363876","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the ethanol extract of Voacanga grandifolia for hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential against ethanolinduced liver toxicity in rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were administered ethanol (7 g/kg) and then treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg of Voacanga grandifolia extract. The phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of Voacanga grandifolia extract were evaluated by GC-MS and in vitro antioxidant assays. Biochemical indicators for liver damage and proapoptotic and antiapoptotic gene expression were determined using biochemical kits, ELISA, and qRT-PCR, respectively. Additionally, histopathological study of the liver was performed. Results: GC-MS identified propanoic acid, meso-erythritol, D-pinitol, myo-inositol, and hexadecanoic acid in Voacanga grandifolia extract. Voacanga grandifolia extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) increased the concentration of enzymatic antioxidants while diminishing the levels of inflammatory cytokines and biochemical indicators. qRT-PCR assay showed that Voacanga grandifolia extracts upregulated antiapoptotic gene expression while downregulating pro-apoptotic gene expression. Furthermore, the plant extract improved the hepatic architecture of ethanol-intoxicated rats. Conclusions: Voacanga grandifolia extract demonstrates hepatoprotective activity against alcohol-induced liver injury in rats and could be a potential hepatoprotective agent.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"504 - 511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44877966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.363877
Qifeng Huang, Bo-chen Wang, Y. Weng, Tang Deng, Li-Hua Li, Jin Qian, Qi Li, Kai-Wen Lin, Dongmei Sun, Shuangqing Xu, Hangfei Wang, Xinxin Wu, Yuanping Sun, Xiaoran Liu
Objective: To evaluate the effect of midkine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Methods: LPS-stimulated acute lung injury model was used to analyze the effect of midkine on ASMCs in vitro. Recombinant midkine and midkine siRNA were used to investigate the role of Notch2 signaling pathway. Cell proliferation was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Additionally, apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and protein and mRNA expression of midkine and Notch2 was assessed by Western blotting and qPCR, respectively. Immunofluorescence analysis was also conducted. Results: LPS increased the mRNA and protein expression of midkine and Notch2. Midkine silencing reduced LPS-induced midkine and Notch2 expression. In addition, midkine silencing further reduced the viability and increased apoptosis of ASMCs induced by LPS, which was attenuated by recombinant midkine. Conclusions: The midkine/Notch2 signaling pathway plays a regulatory role in ASMC proliferation and apoptosis in airway inflammation.
{"title":"Midkine ameliorates LPS-induced apoptosis of airway smooth muscle cells via the Notch2 pathway","authors":"Qifeng Huang, Bo-chen Wang, Y. Weng, Tang Deng, Li-Hua Li, Jin Qian, Qi Li, Kai-Wen Lin, Dongmei Sun, Shuangqing Xu, Hangfei Wang, Xinxin Wu, Yuanping Sun, Xiaoran Liu","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.363877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.363877","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the effect of midkine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). Methods: LPS-stimulated acute lung injury model was used to analyze the effect of midkine on ASMCs in vitro. Recombinant midkine and midkine siRNA were used to investigate the role of Notch2 signaling pathway. Cell proliferation was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Additionally, apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and protein and mRNA expression of midkine and Notch2 was assessed by Western blotting and qPCR, respectively. Immunofluorescence analysis was also conducted. Results: LPS increased the mRNA and protein expression of midkine and Notch2. Midkine silencing reduced LPS-induced midkine and Notch2 expression. In addition, midkine silencing further reduced the viability and increased apoptosis of ASMCs induced by LPS, which was attenuated by recombinant midkine. Conclusions: The midkine/Notch2 signaling pathway plays a regulatory role in ASMC proliferation and apoptosis in airway inflammation.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"512 - 519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42130223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.360563
Deepjyoti Dev, Ashish Sarkar, B. Roy
Objective: To evaluate the in vivo wound healing activity of Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts using an excision wound model in mice. Methods: Mice were divided into two groups of six animals in each group: the control group and the Acanthus leucostachyus extract-treated group. Healing potential was evaluated by determination of physical parameters (contraction rate, epithelialization period, and tensile strength), biochemical parameters (protein, DNA, and hydroxyproline content), the expression of growth factor and proinflammatory cytokines, as well as histological and ultrastructural observations. Results: Treatment with Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts markedly increased the rate of wound contraction, tensile strength, the concentrations of protein, DNA, and hydroxyproline, and the expression of growth factor, as well as promoted epithelialization, compared to the control. In addition, Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Histological and ultrastructural studies revealed the presence of thicker epithelial layer and smoother surface topography in the extract-treated group compared to the control. Conclusions: Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts show potent wound-healing activity and can be used as a wound healing agent.
{"title":"Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts promote excision wound healing in mice","authors":"Deepjyoti Dev, Ashish Sarkar, B. Roy","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.360563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.360563","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the in vivo wound healing activity of Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts using an excision wound model in mice. Methods: Mice were divided into two groups of six animals in each group: the control group and the Acanthus leucostachyus extract-treated group. Healing potential was evaluated by determination of physical parameters (contraction rate, epithelialization period, and tensile strength), biochemical parameters (protein, DNA, and hydroxyproline content), the expression of growth factor and proinflammatory cytokines, as well as histological and ultrastructural observations. Results: Treatment with Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts markedly increased the rate of wound contraction, tensile strength, the concentrations of protein, DNA, and hydroxyproline, and the expression of growth factor, as well as promoted epithelialization, compared to the control. In addition, Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Histological and ultrastructural studies revealed the presence of thicker epithelial layer and smoother surface topography in the extract-treated group compared to the control. Conclusions: Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts show potent wound-healing activity and can be used as a wound healing agent.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"475 - 482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47795832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.360562
M. Ramezani, Nahid Zainodini, Reza Nosratabadi, Yaser Yousefpoor, Z. Taghipour, M. Abbasifard, M. Rahmani
Objective: To explore the effects of a nano-formulation of curcumin (phytosomal curcumin) on the clinical and pathological symptoms of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were immunized with an emulsion containing bovine type II collagen and incomplete Freund's adjuvant and then administered phytosomal curcumin post-immunization. Clinical symptoms and histological analysis of the synovial tissues were performed. The effect of phytosomal curcumin on Th17 and Treg parameters was also evaluated. Results: Phytosomal curcumin reduced the clinical severity and paw swelling in CIA-induced rats, which was accompanied by a reduction in the number of inflammatory cell infiltration in the synovial tissue. Additionally, treatment with phytosomal curcumin significantly inhibited CIA-associated mediators as well as increased the anti-inflammatory mediators in comparison to the control groups. Conclusions: Phytosomal curcumin could improve CIA autoimmune responses and can be considered a potential candidate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
{"title":"Phytosomal curcumin alleviates collagen-induced arthritis by downregulating Th17 and upregulating Treg cell responses in rats","authors":"M. Ramezani, Nahid Zainodini, Reza Nosratabadi, Yaser Yousefpoor, Z. Taghipour, M. Abbasifard, M. Rahmani","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.360562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.360562","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the effects of a nano-formulation of curcumin (phytosomal curcumin) on the clinical and pathological symptoms of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were immunized with an emulsion containing bovine type II collagen and incomplete Freund's adjuvant and then administered phytosomal curcumin post-immunization. Clinical symptoms and histological analysis of the synovial tissues were performed. The effect of phytosomal curcumin on Th17 and Treg parameters was also evaluated. Results: Phytosomal curcumin reduced the clinical severity and paw swelling in CIA-induced rats, which was accompanied by a reduction in the number of inflammatory cell infiltration in the synovial tissue. Additionally, treatment with phytosomal curcumin significantly inhibited CIA-associated mediators as well as increased the anti-inflammatory mediators in comparison to the control groups. Conclusions: Phytosomal curcumin could improve CIA autoimmune responses and can be considered a potential candidate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"466 - 474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43250819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.360564
Nurul Hana Zainal Baharin, Nur Fadhilah Khairil Mokhtar, M. M. Mohd Desa, N. Dzaraly, AbdulRahman Muthanna, Mazen S. A. AL-Obaidi, M. Yuswan, S. Abbasiliasi, N. Rahmad, Wan Wan Nur Ismah, A. Hashim, S. Mustafa
Objective: To determine the inhibition mechanisms of secretome protein extracted from Paenibacillus polymyxa Kp10 (Kp10) and Lactococcus lactis Gh1 (Gh1) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Methods: The sensitivity and viability of MRSA and VRE treated with secretome proteins of Kp10 and Gh1 were determined using minimal inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and time-to-kill assays. The morphological changes were observed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. To elucidate the antimicrobial mechanism of secretome protein of Kp10 and Gh1 against MRSA and VRE, 2D gel proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was run by comparing upregulated and downregulated proteins, and the proton motive force study including the efflux of ATP, pH gradient, and the membrane potential study were conducted. Results: MRSA and VRE were sensitive to Kp10 and Gh1 secretome protein extracts and displayed apparent morphological and internal composition changes. Several proteins associated with cellular component functions were either downregulated or upregulated in treated MRSA and VRE by changing the membrane potential gradient. Conclusions: Kp10 and Gh1 secretome proteins reduce the growth of VRE and MRSA by damaging the cell membrane. Cell division, cell wall biosynthesis, and protein synthesis are involved in the inhibition mechanism.
{"title":"Inhibition mechanisms of secretome proteins from Paenibacillus polymyxa Kp10 and Lactococcus lactis Gh1 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus","authors":"Nurul Hana Zainal Baharin, Nur Fadhilah Khairil Mokhtar, M. M. Mohd Desa, N. Dzaraly, AbdulRahman Muthanna, Mazen S. A. AL-Obaidi, M. Yuswan, S. Abbasiliasi, N. Rahmad, Wan Wan Nur Ismah, A. Hashim, S. Mustafa","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.360564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.360564","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the inhibition mechanisms of secretome protein extracted from Paenibacillus polymyxa Kp10 (Kp10) and Lactococcus lactis Gh1 (Gh1) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Methods: The sensitivity and viability of MRSA and VRE treated with secretome proteins of Kp10 and Gh1 were determined using minimal inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and time-to-kill assays. The morphological changes were observed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. To elucidate the antimicrobial mechanism of secretome protein of Kp10 and Gh1 against MRSA and VRE, 2D gel proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was run by comparing upregulated and downregulated proteins, and the proton motive force study including the efflux of ATP, pH gradient, and the membrane potential study were conducted. Results: MRSA and VRE were sensitive to Kp10 and Gh1 secretome protein extracts and displayed apparent morphological and internal composition changes. Several proteins associated with cellular component functions were either downregulated or upregulated in treated MRSA and VRE by changing the membrane potential gradient. Conclusions: Kp10 and Gh1 secretome proteins reduce the growth of VRE and MRSA by damaging the cell membrane. Cell division, cell wall biosynthesis, and protein synthesis are involved in the inhibition mechanism.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"483 - 494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47684241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.360561
Brian K Beseni, K. Olofinsan, V. Salau, O. Erukainure, Md. Islam
Objective: To explore the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of Rhus longipes (R. longipes) leaf and stem bark aqueous infusions. Methods: R. longipes leaf and stem bark infusions were characterized via gas-chromatography mass-spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. In vitro antioxidant and carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzyme inhibitory activities of R. longipes infusions were determined. Additionally, the modulatory effects of R. longipes infusions on intestinal glucose absorption, muscle glucose uptake, and biomarkers of renal oxidative injury were evaluated. Molecular docking was performed to determine the binding affinities of the identified compounds from the leaf and stem bark infusions on carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzymes. Results: GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several phytocompounds, including palmitoleic acid, octadecanamide, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and L-ascorbic acid. The bark infusion had significantly higher total phenolic contents compared with the leaf infusion, with better DPPH scavenging [IC50: (10.50±1.03) ±g/mL] and ferric reducing [IC50: (9.85±0.32) ±g/mL] activities (P<0.05). Both R. longipes infusions at their highest concentrations significantly increased glucose uptake in yeast suspension and rat psoas muscle with marked suppression of glucose absorption in the rat jejunum (P<0.05). With no cytotoxicity on Vero cells, the infusions lowered lipid peroxidation, increased cellular reduced glutathione concentration, and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in renal homogenate treated with FeSO4. Conclusions: R. longipes shows antioxidant and antidiabetic activities and could be a potential therapeutic candidate for diabetes.
{"title":"Rhus longipes (Engl.) infusions improve glucose metabolism and mitigate oxidative biomarkers in ferrous sulfate-induced renal injury","authors":"Brian K Beseni, K. Olofinsan, V. Salau, O. Erukainure, Md. Islam","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.360561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.360561","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of Rhus longipes (R. longipes) leaf and stem bark aqueous infusions. Methods: R. longipes leaf and stem bark infusions were characterized via gas-chromatography mass-spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. In vitro antioxidant and carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzyme inhibitory activities of R. longipes infusions were determined. Additionally, the modulatory effects of R. longipes infusions on intestinal glucose absorption, muscle glucose uptake, and biomarkers of renal oxidative injury were evaluated. Molecular docking was performed to determine the binding affinities of the identified compounds from the leaf and stem bark infusions on carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzymes. Results: GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several phytocompounds, including palmitoleic acid, octadecanamide, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and L-ascorbic acid. The bark infusion had significantly higher total phenolic contents compared with the leaf infusion, with better DPPH scavenging [IC50: (10.50±1.03) ±g/mL] and ferric reducing [IC50: (9.85±0.32) ±g/mL] activities (P<0.05). Both R. longipes infusions at their highest concentrations significantly increased glucose uptake in yeast suspension and rat psoas muscle with marked suppression of glucose absorption in the rat jejunum (P<0.05). With no cytotoxicity on Vero cells, the infusions lowered lipid peroxidation, increased cellular reduced glutathione concentration, and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in renal homogenate treated with FeSO4. Conclusions: R. longipes shows antioxidant and antidiabetic activities and could be a potential therapeutic candidate for diabetes.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"453 - 465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42167008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.357743
Xiu-Yun Tian, R. Han, Qing-yang Huang, M. Zhou, Bin Luo, Xin-Ru Chen, Jincheng Xu
Objective: To evaluate the effect of erianin on the viability, migration, and invasion of KB cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays were used to determine the proliferation, migration, and invasion of oral cancer KB cells. Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined. Fluorescent probes were used to detect changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species and iron ions. Additionally, the expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were analyzed by Western blotting assays. Results: Erianin induced ferroptosis and inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of KB cells. Moreover, erianin decreased GSH level, increased MDA level, elevated intracellular ROS and Fe2+ contents, and downregulated the expression of the ferroptosis-related proteins Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4, and FTH1 in KB cells. These effects of erianin were effectively reversed by a ferroptosis inhibitor, ferrostatin-1. Conclusions: Erianin inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of oral cancer cells and induces ferroptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway. Therefore, erianin may be a potential candidate for the treatment of oral cancer.
{"title":"Erianin inhibits oral cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion via the Nrf2/HO-1/ GPX4 pathway","authors":"Xiu-Yun Tian, R. Han, Qing-yang Huang, M. Zhou, Bin Luo, Xin-Ru Chen, Jincheng Xu","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.357743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.357743","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the effect of erianin on the viability, migration, and invasion of KB cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays were used to determine the proliferation, migration, and invasion of oral cancer KB cells. Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined. Fluorescent probes were used to detect changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species and iron ions. Additionally, the expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were analyzed by Western blotting assays. Results: Erianin induced ferroptosis and inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of KB cells. Moreover, erianin decreased GSH level, increased MDA level, elevated intracellular ROS and Fe2+ contents, and downregulated the expression of the ferroptosis-related proteins Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4, and FTH1 in KB cells. These effects of erianin were effectively reversed by a ferroptosis inhibitor, ferrostatin-1. Conclusions: Erianin inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of oral cancer cells and induces ferroptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway. Therefore, erianin may be a potential candidate for the treatment of oral cancer.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":" 43","pages":"437 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41311144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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