Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.367685
Lia Meilawati, R. Dewi, A. Tasfiyati, A. Septama, L. Antika
Cancer is considered a leading cause of death worldwide due to its high morbidity and mortality rate. Conventional treatments for cancer therapy, such as chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have been hampered by their side effects. Natural product-derived plants have been used for decades to treat diseases. Compared to conventional therapy, natural product has the potential to be effective against cancer with fewer side effects. This current review discussed the potential of scopoletin, a coumarin present in many edible plants, which elicits anticancer properties through multiple mechanisms, including modulating cell cycle arrest, inducing apoptosis, and regulating multiple signaling pathways. Understanding these mechanisms highlights the potential of scopoletin as a candidate for chemoprevention and chemotherapy.
{"title":"Scopoletin: Anticancer potential and mechanism of action","authors":"Lia Meilawati, R. Dewi, A. Tasfiyati, A. Septama, L. Antika","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.367685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.367685","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is considered a leading cause of death worldwide due to its high morbidity and mortality rate. Conventional treatments for cancer therapy, such as chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have been hampered by their side effects. Natural product-derived plants have been used for decades to treat diseases. Compared to conventional therapy, natural product has the potential to be effective against cancer with fewer side effects. This current review discussed the potential of scopoletin, a coumarin present in many edible plants, which elicits anticancer properties through multiple mechanisms, including modulating cell cycle arrest, inducing apoptosis, and regulating multiple signaling pathways. Understanding these mechanisms highlights the potential of scopoletin as a candidate for chemoprevention and chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43163598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.367688
Salwa S Younis, I. Abou-El-Naga, K. Radwan
Objective: To assess the molluscicidal effect of the eco-friendly green synthesized neem silver nanoparticles (neem-Ag NPs) against Biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni, and their cercaricidal potential. Methods: Methanol extracts from neem fruits were used for green synthesis of neem-Ag NPs. The neem-Ag NPs were characterized using UV-visible absorption spectra, dynamic laser light scattering technique, and transmission electron microscopy. The potential molluscicidal effect against adult and juvenile Biomphalaria alexandrina and the effect of the sub-lethal concentration on hatching of snail eggs and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae were evaluated. Results: The surface plasmon resonance of neem-Ag NPs showed a sharp absorption peak at λmax = 518 nm together with multiple peaks. The hydrodynamic diameter was (77.15±34.53) nm, the polydispersity index (0.338±0.000) and the zeta-potential −14.07 mV. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy showed that the average size of the nanoparticles was (27±2) nm. Agglomeration was evident and a light-colored capping layer could be seen coating the nanoparticles. Juvenile snails (LC50: 0.83 ppm) were more susceptible to neem-Ag NPs than adults (LC50: 1.07 ppm). In addition, neem-Ag NPs and neem at LC50 concentrations inhibited the egg-hatching of snails and showed cercaricidal activity in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions: Neem-Ag NPs have lethal activities against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and their eggs, as well as Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Hence, neem-Ag NPs could be a potential agent to control schistosomiasis.
目的：评价环保绿色合成的neem-Ag纳米颗粒（neem-Ag-NPs）对曼氏血吸虫中间宿主亚历山大虫的灭螺效果及其灭尾蚴的潜力。方法：采用印楝果实甲醇提取物进行印楝Ag纳米粒子的绿色合成。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、动态激光散射技术和透射电子显微镜对neem-Ag纳米颗粒进行了表征。评估了对成年和幼年亚历山大虫的潜在杀螺作用，以及亚致死浓度对蜗牛卵和曼氏血吸虫尾蚴孵化的影响。结果：neem-Ag纳米粒子的表面等离子体共振在λmax=518nm处呈现出一个尖锐的吸收峰，并伴有多个峰。流体动力学直径为（77.15±34.53）nm，多分散指数为（0.338±0.000），ζ电位为−14.07mV。此外，透射电子显微镜显示纳米颗粒的平均尺寸为（27±2）nm。团聚是明显的，可以看到浅色的覆盖层覆盖纳米颗粒。幼蜗牛（LC50:0.83ppm）比成虫（LC50:1.07ppm）更容易感染印楝Ag NPs。此外，在LC50浓度下，印楝-Ag NPs和印楝抑制了蜗牛的卵孵化，并表现出与时间相关的杀尾蚴活性。结论：Neem Ag NPs对亚历山大蜗牛及其卵和曼氏血吸虫尾蚴具有杀伤活性。因此，neem-Ag-NPs可能是一种潜在的血吸虫病防治剂。
{"title":"Molluscicidal effect of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica on Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae","authors":"Salwa S Younis, I. Abou-El-Naga, K. Radwan","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.367688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.367688","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the molluscicidal effect of the eco-friendly green synthesized neem silver nanoparticles (neem-Ag NPs) against Biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni, and their cercaricidal potential. Methods: Methanol extracts from neem fruits were used for green synthesis of neem-Ag NPs. The neem-Ag NPs were characterized using UV-visible absorption spectra, dynamic laser light scattering technique, and transmission electron microscopy. The potential molluscicidal effect against adult and juvenile Biomphalaria alexandrina and the effect of the sub-lethal concentration on hatching of snail eggs and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae were evaluated. Results: The surface plasmon resonance of neem-Ag NPs showed a sharp absorption peak at λmax = 518 nm together with multiple peaks. The hydrodynamic diameter was (77.15±34.53) nm, the polydispersity index (0.338±0.000) and the zeta-potential −14.07 mV. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy showed that the average size of the nanoparticles was (27±2) nm. Agglomeration was evident and a light-colored capping layer could be seen coating the nanoparticles. Juvenile snails (LC50: 0.83 ppm) were more susceptible to neem-Ag NPs than adults (LC50: 1.07 ppm). In addition, neem-Ag NPs and neem at LC50 concentrations inhibited the egg-hatching of snails and showed cercaricidal activity in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions: Neem-Ag NPs have lethal activities against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and their eggs, as well as Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Hence, neem-Ag NPs could be a potential agent to control schistosomiasis.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"35 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43273293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.367689
A. Oryan, E. Bemani, S. Bahrami
Objective: To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of quercetin and its immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative activity against Leishmania major (L. major). Methods: L. major promastigotes and amastigotes were incubated with different concentrations of quercetin to estimate EC50. For in vivo study, the base of tails of mice was infected with L. major. After developing ulcers in the inoculation site, mice were treated with 50 mg/kg quercetin orally for 28 consecutive days. The wound-healing potential of quercetin was evaluated by histopathological analysis of tissue sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin as well as Masson′s trichrome. In addition, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, malondialdehyde, and adiponectin, the ferric reducing ability of plasma, as well as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were measured. Results: The EC50 values of quercetin against L. major promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes were 0.27 and 0.85 μM, respectively. Histopathological analysis showed that fewer inflammatory cells, more fibroblasts, and more collagen deposition were observed in tissue sections of quercetin-treated mice. In addition, treatment with quercetin markedly increased glutathione peroxidase activity, the ferric reducing ability of plasma and adiponectin levels while decreasing malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels. Conclusions: Quercetin shows anti-leishmanial activity, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, it may be further explored as an effective drug in treating leishmaniasis.
{"title":"Anti-leishmanial, immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative activity of quercetin against cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major","authors":"A. Oryan, E. Bemani, S. Bahrami","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.367689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.367689","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of quercetin and its immunomodulatory and anti-oxidative activity against Leishmania major (L. major). Methods: L. major promastigotes and amastigotes were incubated with different concentrations of quercetin to estimate EC50. For in vivo study, the base of tails of mice was infected with L. major. After developing ulcers in the inoculation site, mice were treated with 50 mg/kg quercetin orally for 28 consecutive days. The wound-healing potential of quercetin was evaluated by histopathological analysis of tissue sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin as well as Masson′s trichrome. In addition, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, malondialdehyde, and adiponectin, the ferric reducing ability of plasma, as well as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were measured. Results: The EC50 values of quercetin against L. major promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes were 0.27 and 0.85 μM, respectively. Histopathological analysis showed that fewer inflammatory cells, more fibroblasts, and more collagen deposition were observed in tissue sections of quercetin-treated mice. In addition, treatment with quercetin markedly increased glutathione peroxidase activity, the ferric reducing ability of plasma and adiponectin levels while decreasing malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels. Conclusions: Quercetin shows anti-leishmanial activity, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, it may be further explored as an effective drug in treating leishmaniasis.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"26 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48128448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To explore the combinatorial effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and calorie restriction on activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor involved in the antioxidant defense system of aged rats. Methods: Aged male Wistar rats were calorie-restricted and treated with EGCG orally for 45 days. The initial body weight of aged rats was recorded, and the final body weight was measured at the end of the experimental period. Serum lipid and lipoprotein status, oxidative stress markers such as free radicals and malondialdehyde levels, and reduced glutathione were assessed. In addition, RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses were performed. Results: Calorie restriction potentiated the effect of EGCG on enhancing antioxidant status, improving the levels of serum lipid and lipoproteins, upregulating Nrf2 and Bcl2, and downregulating Keap1, cullin3, Bax and cytochrome c in aged rats. Conclusions: Calorie restriction can promote EGCG-mediated Nrf2 activation in aged rats. This preliminary finding paves the way for a combinatory approach to replenishing the antioxidant status during aging, thereby reducing the risk for age-associated degenerative diseases.
{"title":"Calorie restriction potentiates epigallocatechin-3-gallate-mediated Nrf2 activation in hepatocytes of aged rats","authors":"Kalaiselvi Periandavan, Rajeswari Ravindran, Malathi Manuel, Thangarajeswari Mohan, Ravindran Jaganathan","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.387748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.387748","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the combinatorial effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and calorie restriction on activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor involved in the antioxidant defense system of aged rats. Methods: Aged male Wistar rats were calorie-restricted and treated with EGCG orally for 45 days. The initial body weight of aged rats was recorded, and the final body weight was measured at the end of the experimental period. Serum lipid and lipoprotein status, oxidative stress markers such as free radicals and malondialdehyde levels, and reduced glutathione were assessed. In addition, RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses were performed. Results: Calorie restriction potentiated the effect of EGCG on enhancing antioxidant status, improving the levels of serum lipid and lipoproteins, upregulating Nrf2 and Bcl2, and downregulating Keap1, cullin3, Bax and cytochrome c in aged rats. Conclusions: Calorie restriction can promote EGCG-mediated Nrf2 activation in aged rats. This preliminary finding paves the way for a combinatory approach to replenishing the antioxidant status during aging, thereby reducing the risk for age-associated degenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135210808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.387750
MohammedAbdalla Hussein, Ayman Eldourghamy, Toka Hossam, Amal Abdel-Aziz, SamirA. El-masry
Objective: To investigate the cardioprotective effect of naringenin against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups: the normal group, the ISO group (85 mg/kg b.w.); the ISO+naringenin (50 mg/kg b.w.) group, the ISO+naringenin (100 mg/kg b.w.) group and the ISO+propranolol (10 mg/kg b.w.) group. Plasma creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin T, lactate dehydrogenase, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and IL-10, as well as cardiac transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined. In addition, NLRP3 and mRNA-208a expressions were evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. Histopathological examination was also performed to assess cardiac damages. Results: Naringenin treatment significantly decreased plasma lactate dehydrogenase, CK-MB, cardiac troponin T, BNP, and IL-10, as well as cardiac TGF-β1, VEGF, and MDA while increasing p-Akt and superoxide dismutase in ISO-administered rats. It also reduced NLRP3 and mRNA-208a gene expression levels. Furthermore, naringenin improved ISO-induced cardiac damage. Conclusions: Naringenin attenuates myocardial dysfunction in ISO-treated rats by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing cardiac endogenous antioxidant system, which may be modulated partly by improvement of NLRP3 and mRNA-208a gene expression.
{"title":"Naringenin suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the mRNA-208a signaling pathway in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction","authors":"MohammedAbdalla Hussein, Ayman Eldourghamy, Toka Hossam, Amal Abdel-Aziz, SamirA. El-masry","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.387750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.387750","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the cardioprotective effect of naringenin against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups: the normal group, the ISO group (85 mg/kg b.w.); the ISO+naringenin (50 mg/kg b.w.) group, the ISO+naringenin (100 mg/kg b.w.) group and the ISO+propranolol (10 mg/kg b.w.) group. Plasma creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin T, lactate dehydrogenase, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and IL-10, as well as cardiac transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined. In addition, NLRP3 and mRNA-208a expressions were evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. Histopathological examination was also performed to assess cardiac damages. Results: Naringenin treatment significantly decreased plasma lactate dehydrogenase, CK-MB, cardiac troponin T, BNP, and IL-10, as well as cardiac TGF-β1, VEGF, and MDA while increasing p-Akt and superoxide dismutase in ISO-administered rats. It also reduced NLRP3 and mRNA-208a gene expression levels. Furthermore, naringenin improved ISO-induced cardiac damage. Conclusions: Naringenin attenuates myocardial dysfunction in ISO-treated rats by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing cardiac endogenous antioxidant system, which may be modulated partly by improvement of NLRP3 and mRNA-208a gene expression.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134979978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metabolomics has emerged as a valuable tool in drug discovery and development, providing new insights into the mechanisms of action and toxicity of potential therapeutic agents. Metabolomics focuses on the comprehensive analysis of primary as well as secondary metabolites, within biological systems. Metabolomics provides a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic changes that occur within microbial pathogens when exposed to therapeutic agents, thus allowing for the identification of unique metabolic targets that can be exploited for therapeutic intervention. This approach can also uncover key metabolic pathways essential for survival, which can serve as potential targets for novel antibiotics. By analyzing the metabolites produced by diverse microbial communities, metabolomics can guide the discovery of previously unexplored sources of antibiotics. This review explores some examples that enable medicinal chemists to optimize drug structure, enhancing efficacy and minimizing toxicity via metabolomic approaches.
{"title":"Metabolomics in drug discovery: Restoring antibiotic pipeline","authors":"Faiza Azhar, Mariam Busharat, Shah RukhArshad Chaudhary, Zainab Waheed, MuhammadNauman Jamil","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.385568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.385568","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolomics has emerged as a valuable tool in drug discovery and development, providing new insights into the mechanisms of action and toxicity of potential therapeutic agents. Metabolomics focuses on the comprehensive analysis of primary as well as secondary metabolites, within biological systems. Metabolomics provides a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic changes that occur within microbial pathogens when exposed to therapeutic agents, thus allowing for the identification of unique metabolic targets that can be exploited for therapeutic intervention. This approach can also uncover key metabolic pathways essential for survival, which can serve as potential targets for novel antibiotics. By analyzing the metabolites produced by diverse microbial communities, metabolomics can guide the discovery of previously unexplored sources of antibiotics. This review explores some examples that enable medicinal chemists to optimize drug structure, enhancing efficacy and minimizing toxicity via metabolomic approaches.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135798699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.367686
A. Neisy, F. Koohpeyma, Majid J. Khorchani, Fatemeh Karimi, F. Zal
Objective: To examine the effect of quercetin on stereological parameters and autophagy-related genes in ovaries of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats. Methods: Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the ethanol group, the quercetin group (15 mg/kg/day), the PCOS group, as well as the PCOS + quercetin group. After the induction of PCOS, quercetin was administered orally for 30 days. Histological, stereological and real-time PCR analyses were carried out to evaluate the effect of quercetin on PCOS rats. Results: Stereological analysis revealed that quercetin significantly increased the number of ovarian follicles and the volume of corpus luteum and induced a significant decrease in atretic follicles in comparison to the PCOS group. In addition, quercetin markedly increased mTOR gene expression while decreasing Beclin-1 and LC3 gene expression. Conclusions: Quercetin strongly modulates the expression of ovarian autophagy-related genes and stereological parameters in PCOS rats. Therefore, it can be considered as an ameliorative component for ovarian follicular impairments.
{"title":"Quercetin modulates ovarian autophagy–related molecules and stereological parameters in a rat model of PCOS","authors":"A. Neisy, F. Koohpeyma, Majid J. Khorchani, Fatemeh Karimi, F. Zal","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.367686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.367686","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To examine the effect of quercetin on stereological parameters and autophagy-related genes in ovaries of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats. Methods: Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the ethanol group, the quercetin group (15 mg/kg/day), the PCOS group, as well as the PCOS + quercetin group. After the induction of PCOS, quercetin was administered orally for 30 days. Histological, stereological and real-time PCR analyses were carried out to evaluate the effect of quercetin on PCOS rats. Results: Stereological analysis revealed that quercetin significantly increased the number of ovarian follicles and the volume of corpus luteum and induced a significant decrease in atretic follicles in comparison to the PCOS group. In addition, quercetin markedly increased mTOR gene expression while decreasing Beclin-1 and LC3 gene expression. Conclusions: Quercetin strongly modulates the expression of ovarian autophagy-related genes and stereological parameters in PCOS rats. Therefore, it can be considered as an ameliorative component for ovarian follicular impairments.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"9 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46321378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.367687
Victor Arokia Doss, Anitha Nagarajan
Objective: To explore the therapeutic efficacy of L-carvone from Mentha spicataL. leaf extracts against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Methods: Isoproterenol (5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into rats for one month to induce cardiac hypertrophy. L-carvone (25 and 100 mg/kg) was administered orally to treat cardiac hypertrophy. The cardioprotective activity of L-carvone was evaluated by electrocardiogram, histopathological analysis as well as determination of biochemical parameters and enzymatic markers. Results: L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. at 25 and 100 mg/kg ameliorated isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy, as evidenced by reduced QRS interval on electrocardiogram, and decreased heart weight and heart index. In addition, both doses of L-carvone markedly lowered the levels of glucose, total protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase MB, troponin-I, N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide and triglycerides while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipase level (P<0.05). Moreover, L-carvone alleviated contraction band necrosis, and reorganized the myofibrils with normal striations and myocytes as well as normal nuclei in cardiac histoarchitecture of rats with isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusions: L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. leaf extract can restore abnormal cardiac function and may be further explored as a therapeutic agent against the deleterious effects of cardiac hypertrophy after further evaluation.
{"title":"L-carvone attenuates myocardial injury and dyslipidemia in rats with isoproterenolinduced cardiac hypertrophy","authors":"Victor Arokia Doss, Anitha Nagarajan","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.367687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.367687","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the therapeutic efficacy of L-carvone from Mentha spicataL. leaf extracts against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Methods: Isoproterenol (5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into rats for one month to induce cardiac hypertrophy. L-carvone (25 and 100 mg/kg) was administered orally to treat cardiac hypertrophy. The cardioprotective activity of L-carvone was evaluated by electrocardiogram, histopathological analysis as well as determination of biochemical parameters and enzymatic markers. Results: L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. at 25 and 100 mg/kg ameliorated isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy, as evidenced by reduced QRS interval on electrocardiogram, and decreased heart weight and heart index. In addition, both doses of L-carvone markedly lowered the levels of glucose, total protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase MB, troponin-I, N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide and triglycerides while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipase level (P<0.05). Moreover, L-carvone alleviated contraction band necrosis, and reorganized the myofibrils with normal striations and myocytes as well as normal nuclei in cardiac histoarchitecture of rats with isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusions: L-carvone from Mentha spicata L. leaf extract can restore abnormal cardiac function and may be further explored as a therapeutic agent against the deleterious effects of cardiac hypertrophy after further evaluation.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"17 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46972648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.385570
Hong Chen, Wei Feng, Zheng-Yong Cao, Fu-Min Guan
Objective: To explore the regulatory mechanism of transient receptor potential melastatin-7 (TRPM7) in high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury. Methods: The expression of TRPM7 in the serum of diabetic nephropathy patients and high glucose-induced HK-2 cells was detected by RT-qPCR. Then, the TRPM7 interference vector was constructed, and the downstream high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway proteins were detected. Next, in addition to interference with TRPM7 expression, overexpression of HMGB1 in high glucose-induced HK-2 cells was performed. Cell activity, apoptosis, oxidative stress levels, and inflammation levels were determined by CCK8, TUNEL, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and related kits. Results: TRPM7 expression was upregulated in the serum of diabetic nephropathy patients and high glucose-induced HK-2 cells. Interference with TRPM7 reduced cell damage, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in high glucose-induced HK-2 cells via inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway. However, the effects induced by TRPM7 silencing were abrogated by HMGB1 overexpression. Conclusions: Decreased TRPM7 alleviates high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway. Further animal experiments and clinical trials are warranted to verify its effect.
{"title":"Decreased TRPM7 alleviates high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway","authors":"Hong Chen, Wei Feng, Zheng-Yong Cao, Fu-Min Guan","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.385570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.385570","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the regulatory mechanism of transient receptor potential melastatin-7 (TRPM7) in high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury. Methods: The expression of TRPM7 in the serum of diabetic nephropathy patients and high glucose-induced HK-2 cells was detected by RT-qPCR. Then, the TRPM7 interference vector was constructed, and the downstream high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway proteins were detected. Next, in addition to interference with TRPM7 expression, overexpression of HMGB1 in high glucose-induced HK-2 cells was performed. Cell activity, apoptosis, oxidative stress levels, and inflammation levels were determined by CCK8, TUNEL, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and related kits. Results: TRPM7 expression was upregulated in the serum of diabetic nephropathy patients and high glucose-induced HK-2 cells. Interference with TRPM7 reduced cell damage, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in high glucose-induced HK-2 cells via inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway. However, the effects induced by TRPM7 silencing were abrogated by HMGB1 overexpression. Conclusions: Decreased TRPM7 alleviates high glucose-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway. Further animal experiments and clinical trials are warranted to verify its effect.","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135798413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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