Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_782_23
Zhen-Zhen Li, Min Liu, Xiong-Hui He, Zhen-Dong Liu, Zhan-Xiang Xiao, Hao Qian, You-Fei Qi, Cun-Chuan Wang
To explore the balance of peripheral blood T helper 17 cells/regulatory T cell (Th17/Treg) ratio and the polarization ratio of M1 and M2 macrophages in lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). A rat model of lower extremity ASO was established, and blood samples from patients with lower extremity ASO before and after surgery were obtained. ELISA was used to detect interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, and IL-17. Real-time RCR and Western blot analyses were used to detect Foxp3, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 expression. Moreover, flow cytometry was applied to detect the Th17/Treg ratio and M1/M2 ratio. Compared with the control group, the iliac artery wall of ASO rats showed significant hyperplasia, and the concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly increased (P<0.01), indicating the successful establishment of ASO. Moreover, the levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in ASO rats were pronouncedly increased (P<0.05), while the IL-10 level was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In addition to increased IL-6 and IL-17 levels, the mRNA and protein levels of Foxp3 and IL-10 in ASO rats were significantly decreased compared with the control group. The Th17/Treg and M1/M2 ratios in the ASO group were markedly increased (P<0.05). These alternations were also observed in ASO patients. After endovascular surgery (such as percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and arterial stenting), all these changes were significantly improved (P<0.05). The Th17/Treg and M1/M2 ratios were significantly increased in ASO, and surgery can effectively improve the balance of Th17/Treg, and reduce the ratio of M1/M2, and the expression of inflammatory factors.
{"title":"Th17/Treg balance and macrophage polarization ratio in lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans","authors":"Zhen-Zhen Li, Min Liu, Xiong-Hui He, Zhen-Dong Liu, Zhan-Xiang Xiao, Hao Qian, You-Fei Qi, Cun-Chuan Wang","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_782_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_782_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To explore the balance of peripheral blood T helper 17 cells/regulatory T cell (Th17/Treg) ratio and the polarization ratio of M1 and M2 macrophages in lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A rat model of lower extremity ASO was established, and blood samples from patients with lower extremity ASO before and after surgery were obtained. ELISA was used to detect interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, and IL-17. Real-time RCR and Western blot analyses were used to detect Foxp3, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 expression. Moreover, flow cytometry was applied to detect the Th17/Treg ratio and M1/M2 ratio.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Compared with the control group, the iliac artery wall of ASO rats showed significant hyperplasia, and the concentrations of cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly increased (P<0.01), indicating the successful establishment of ASO. Moreover, the levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in ASO rats were pronouncedly increased (P<0.05), while the IL-10 level was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In addition to increased IL-6 and IL-17 levels, the mRNA and protein levels of Foxp3 and IL-10 in ASO rats were significantly decreased compared with the control group. The Th17/Treg and M1/M2 ratios in the ASO group were markedly increased (P<0.05). These alternations were also observed in ASO patients. After endovascular surgery (such as percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and arterial stenting), all these changes were significantly improved (P<0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The Th17/Treg and M1/M2 ratios were significantly increased in ASO, and surgery can effectively improve the balance of Th17/Treg, and reduce the ratio of M1/M2, and the expression of inflammatory factors.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140398740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_887_23
ShimaaAbd El-Salam El-Sayed, Mohamed Z. Sayed-Ahmed, Shaimaa Ahmed Awad Ali, Nourah Alsadaan, Nawazish Alam, Mahmoud S. Alkhoudary, I. Igarashi, M. Rizk
To evaluate the combination therapy of pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate against Babesia in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using atom pair fingerprints. An in vitro combination test was performed against Babesia bovis and Theileria equi. Moreover, the in vivo chemotherapeutic efficacy of pyronaridine tetraphosphate in combination with diminazene aceturate was investigated against the growth of Babesia microti in mice using a fluorescence inhibitory assay. Pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate exhibited nearly similar molecular weights. The in vitro combination of pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate was synergistic on Babesia bovis and additive on Theileria equi. In addition, 5 mg/kg pyronaridine tetraphosphate combined with 10 mg/kg diminazene aceturate inhibited Babesia microti growth significantly compared with those observed after treatment with 25 mg/kg diminazene aceturate alone from day 6 post treatment to day 12 post treatment. The combination therapy also normalized the hematological parameters of infected mice. An oral dose of pyronaridine tetraphosphate combined with a subcutaneous dose of diminazene aceturate inhibits Babesia in vitro and in mice, suggesting it might be a new paradigm for the treatment of babesiosis.
{"title":"Pyronaridine combined with diminazene aceturate inhibits Babesia in vitro and in vivo","authors":"ShimaaAbd El-Salam El-Sayed, Mohamed Z. Sayed-Ahmed, Shaimaa Ahmed Awad Ali, Nourah Alsadaan, Nawazish Alam, Mahmoud S. Alkhoudary, I. Igarashi, M. Rizk","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_887_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_887_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To evaluate the combination therapy of pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate against Babesia in vitro and in vivo.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Bioinformatic analysis was performed using atom pair fingerprints. An in vitro combination test was performed against Babesia bovis and Theileria equi. Moreover, the in vivo chemotherapeutic efficacy of pyronaridine tetraphosphate in combination with diminazene aceturate was investigated against the growth of Babesia microti in mice using a fluorescence inhibitory assay.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate exhibited nearly similar molecular weights. The in vitro combination of pyronaridine tetraphosphate and diminazene aceturate was synergistic on Babesia bovis and additive on Theileria equi. In addition, 5 mg/kg pyronaridine tetraphosphate combined with 10 mg/kg diminazene aceturate inhibited Babesia microti growth significantly compared with those observed after treatment with 25 mg/kg diminazene aceturate alone from day 6 post treatment to day 12 post treatment. The combination therapy also normalized the hematological parameters of infected mice.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 An oral dose of pyronaridine tetraphosphate combined with a subcutaneous dose of diminazene aceturate inhibits Babesia in vitro and in mice, suggesting it might be a new paradigm for the treatment of babesiosis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140402086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_879_23
V. Abbasnia, Mohsen Foadoddini, D. Esfahani, M. Khazdair, S. Oryan
To evaluate the effect of rosmarinic acid on tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats. Rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control group, the asthmatic group, and the asthmatic groups treated with dexamethasone (1 mg/kg; oral gavage) or three doses of rosmarinic acid (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg; oral gavage). For induction of asthma, rats received intraperitoneal injections and inhalation of ovalbumin. After 21 days, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung samples were collected for histopathological analyses. Moreover, total and differential white blood cell counts were determined. The rosmarinic acid-treated group had significantly lower tracheal smooth muscle responses to methacholine than the asthmatic group. In addition, rosmarinic acid reduced white blood cell count and the percentages of eosinophils, monocytes, and neutrophils while increasing the percentage of lymphocytes. Ovalbumin-induced lung pathological changes were significantly improved by treatment with rosmarinic acid. Rosmarinic acid improves tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats.
{"title":"Rosmarinic acid improves tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats","authors":"V. Abbasnia, Mohsen Foadoddini, D. Esfahani, M. Khazdair, S. Oryan","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_879_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_879_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To evaluate the effect of rosmarinic acid on tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control group, the asthmatic group, and the asthmatic groups treated with dexamethasone (1 mg/kg; oral gavage) or three doses of rosmarinic acid (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg; oral gavage). For induction of asthma, rats received intraperitoneal injections and inhalation of ovalbumin. After 21 days, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung samples were collected for histopathological analyses. Moreover, total and differential white blood cell counts were determined.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The rosmarinic acid-treated group had significantly lower tracheal smooth muscle responses to methacholine than the asthmatic group. In addition, rosmarinic acid reduced white blood cell count and the percentages of eosinophils, monocytes, and neutrophils while increasing the percentage of lymphocytes. Ovalbumin-induced lung pathological changes were significantly improved by treatment with rosmarinic acid.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Rosmarinic acid improves tracheal smooth muscle responsiveness and lung pathological changes in ovalbumin-sensitized rats.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140405268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_865_23
S. Ji, EunJin Bang, Hyun Hwangbo, Min Yeong Kim, Da Hye Kim, S. Hong, S. Park, C. Kwon, Gi-Young Kim, You-Jin Jeon, Suengmok Cho, Yung Hyun Choi
To evaluate the effects of Capsosiphon fulvescens (C. fulvescens) ethanolic extract on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW296.7 macrophages. The protective effects of C. fulvescens ethanolic extract on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages were assessed using biochemical analysis, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. To examine reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, flow cytometry analysis, and immunofluorescence staining were used. Furthermore, the modulatory effect of C. fulvescens ethanolic extract on NF-κB activation was investigated. C. fulvescens ethanolic extract significantly attenuated LPS-induced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and notably reduced the secretion and mRNA levels of LPS-mediated matrix metalloproteinases. In addition, C. fulvescens ethanolic extract decreased ROS production and suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. C. fulvescens ethanolic extract alleviates inflammation as well as oxidative stress by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. C. fulvescens can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress-associated diseases.
{"title":"Capsosiphon fulvescens suppresses LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 murine macrophages","authors":"S. Ji, EunJin Bang, Hyun Hwangbo, Min Yeong Kim, Da Hye Kim, S. Hong, S. Park, C. Kwon, Gi-Young Kim, You-Jin Jeon, Suengmok Cho, Yung Hyun Choi","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_865_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_865_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To evaluate the effects of Capsosiphon fulvescens (C. fulvescens) ethanolic extract on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW296.7 macrophages.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The protective effects of C. fulvescens ethanolic extract on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages were assessed using biochemical analysis, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. To examine reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, flow cytometry analysis, and immunofluorescence staining were used. Furthermore, the modulatory effect of C. fulvescens ethanolic extract on NF-κB activation was investigated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 C. fulvescens ethanolic extract significantly attenuated LPS-induced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and notably reduced the secretion and mRNA levels of LPS-mediated matrix metalloproteinases. In addition, C. fulvescens ethanolic extract decreased ROS production and suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 C. fulvescens ethanolic extract alleviates inflammation as well as oxidative stress by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. C. fulvescens can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress-associated diseases.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140404487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_588_23
Wei Luo, Yi Lu, Jun Deng, Peng Liu, Yan Huang, Wan-Xi Liu, Chun-Li Huang
To explore the mechanism by which icariin alleviates viral myocarditis. CVB3-induced cardiomyocytes were used as an in vitro model of viral myocarditis to assess the effects of icariin treatment on cell viability, inflammation, and apoptosis. Moreover, the effects of icariin on ferroptosis and TLR4 signaling were assessed. After AC16 cells were transfected with TLR4 overexpression plasmids, the role of TLR4 in mediating the regulatory effect of icariin in viral myocarditis was investigated. Icariin significantly elevated cell viability and reduced inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. Flow cytometry revealed that icariin decreased apoptosis rate, and the protein expression of Bax and cleaved caspase 3 and 9 in CVB3-induced cardiomyocytes. Additionally, it suppressed ferroptosis including lipid peroxidation and ferrous ion, as well as the TLR4 signaling. However, TLR4 overexpression abrogated the modulatory effects of icariin. Icariin mitigates CVB3-induced myocardial injury by inhibiting TLR4-mediated ferroptosis. Further animal study is needed to verify its efficacy.
{"title":"Icariin ameliorates viral myocarditis by inhibiting TLR4-mediated ferroptosis","authors":"Wei Luo, Yi Lu, Jun Deng, Peng Liu, Yan Huang, Wan-Xi Liu, Chun-Li Huang","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_588_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_588_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To explore the mechanism by which icariin alleviates viral myocarditis.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 CVB3-induced cardiomyocytes were used as an in vitro model of viral myocarditis to assess the effects of icariin treatment on cell viability, inflammation, and apoptosis. Moreover, the effects of icariin on ferroptosis and TLR4 signaling were assessed. After AC16 cells were transfected with TLR4 overexpression plasmids, the role of TLR4 in mediating the regulatory effect of icariin in viral myocarditis was investigated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Icariin significantly elevated cell viability and reduced inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. Flow cytometry revealed that icariin decreased apoptosis rate, and the protein expression of Bax and cleaved caspase 3 and 9 in CVB3-induced cardiomyocytes. Additionally, it suppressed ferroptosis including lipid peroxidation and ferrous ion, as well as the TLR4 signaling. However, TLR4 overexpression abrogated the modulatory effects of icariin.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Icariin mitigates CVB3-induced myocardial injury by inhibiting TLR4-mediated ferroptosis. Further animal study is needed to verify its efficacy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140404441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_783_23
Ye-eun Kim, Jeonghye Hwang, Ki-Young Kim
To examine the inhibitory effect of Hydrangea serrata extract against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and its underlying mechanisms. The effects of Hydrangea serrata extract on growth inhibition of tumor cells and spheroids were assessed using MTT and 3D culture assays. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses were employed to investigate the changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of molecules related to cell cycle and apoptosis. Hydrangea serrata extract effectively inhibited the growth of both tumor cells and spheroids. The extract also significantly upregulated p27 mRNA expression and downregulated CDK2 mRNA expression, leading to cell cycle arrest. Moreover, increased BAX/Bcl-2 ratio as well as caspase-9 and - 3 were observed after treatment with Hydrangea serrata extract, indicating the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Hydrangea serrata extract has the potential to alleviate tumors by effectively modulating cell-cycle-related gene expressions and inducing apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor growth.
{"title":"Hydrangea serrata extract exerts tumor inhibitory activity against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells via inducing p27/CDK2-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis","authors":"Ye-eun Kim, Jeonghye Hwang, Ki-Young Kim","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_783_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_783_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To examine the inhibitory effect of Hydrangea serrata extract against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and its underlying mechanisms.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The effects of Hydrangea serrata extract on growth inhibition of tumor cells and spheroids were assessed using MTT and 3D culture assays. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses were employed to investigate the changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of molecules related to cell cycle and apoptosis.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Hydrangea serrata extract effectively inhibited the growth of both tumor cells and spheroids. The extract also significantly upregulated p27 mRNA expression and downregulated CDK2 mRNA expression, leading to cell cycle arrest. Moreover, increased BAX/Bcl-2 ratio as well as caspase-9 and - 3 were observed after treatment with Hydrangea serrata extract, indicating the induction of tumor cell apoptosis.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Hydrangea serrata extract has the potential to alleviate tumors by effectively modulating cell-cycle-related gene expressions and inducing apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor growth.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140464650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To examine the effect of icariin plus curcumol on prostate cancer cells PC3 and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We employed the Cell Counting Kit 8 assay and colony formation assay to assess cell viability and proliferation. Autophagy expression was analyzed using monodansylcadaverine staining. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses were used to evaluate protein expressions related to autophagy, pyroptosis, and the mTOR pathway. Cellular damage was examined using the lactate dehydrogenase assay. Moreover, cathepsin B and NLRP3 were detected by co-immunoprecipitation. Icariin plus curcumol led to a decrease in PC3 cell proliferation and an enhancement of autophagy. The levels of LC3-II/LC3-I and beclin-1 were increased, while the levels of p62 and mTOR were decreased after treatment with icariin plus curcumol. These changes were reversed upon overexpression of mTOR. Furthermore, 3-methyladenine resulted in a decrease in inflammatory cytokines, pyroptosis-related protein levels, and lactate dehydrogenase concentration, compared to the icariin plus curcumol group. Inhibiting cathepsin B reversed the regulatory effects of icariin plus curcumol. Icariin plus curcumol demonstrates great potential as a therapeutic agent for castration-resistant prostate cancer by enhancing autophagy via the mTOR pathway and promoting pyroptosis mediated by cathepsin B. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of icariin and curcumol for prostate cancer treatment.
为了研究冰片苷加姜黄醇对前列腺癌细胞 PC3 的影响并阐明其潜在机制。 我们采用了细胞计数试剂盒 8 检测法和集落形成检测法来评估细胞活力和增殖。自噬表达采用单丹参素染色法进行分析。免疫荧光和 Western 印迹分析用于评估与自噬、热昏迷和 mTOR 通路相关的蛋白质表达。乳酸脱氢酶测定法检测了细胞损伤。此外，还通过共免疫沉淀法检测了 cathepsin B 和 NLRP3。 淫羊藿苷和姜黄醇能减少 PC3 细胞的增殖，增强自噬作用。在使用冰片苷加姜黄酚处理后，LC3-II/LC3-I和beclin-1的水平升高，而p62和mTOR的水平降低。过表达 mTOR 后，这些变化被逆转。此外，与冰片苷加姜黄酚组相比，3-甲基腺嘌呤导致炎性细胞因子、热蛋白相关蛋白水平和乳酸脱氢酶浓度下降。抑制 cathepsin B 可逆转冰片苷加姜黄醇的调节作用。 这些发现为了解冰片苷和姜黄酚治疗前列腺癌的分子机制提供了宝贵的信息。
{"title":"Icariin plus curcumol enhances autophagy through the mTOR pathway and promotes cathepsin B-mediated pyroptosis of prostate cancer cells","authors":"Xu-Yun Wang, Wenjing Xu, Bonan Li, Tiansong Sun, Wen Sheng","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_649_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_649_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To examine the effect of icariin plus curcumol on prostate cancer cells PC3 and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We employed the Cell Counting Kit 8 assay and colony formation assay to assess cell viability and proliferation. Autophagy expression was analyzed using monodansylcadaverine staining. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses were used to evaluate protein expressions related to autophagy, pyroptosis, and the mTOR pathway. Cellular damage was examined using the lactate dehydrogenase assay. Moreover, cathepsin B and NLRP3 were detected by co-immunoprecipitation.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Icariin plus curcumol led to a decrease in PC3 cell proliferation and an enhancement of autophagy. The levels of LC3-II/LC3-I and beclin-1 were increased, while the levels of p62 and mTOR were decreased after treatment with icariin plus curcumol. These changes were reversed upon overexpression of mTOR. Furthermore, 3-methyladenine resulted in a decrease in inflammatory cytokines, pyroptosis-related protein levels, and lactate dehydrogenase concentration, compared to the icariin plus curcumol group. Inhibiting cathepsin B reversed the regulatory effects of icariin plus curcumol.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Icariin plus curcumol demonstrates great potential as a therapeutic agent for castration-resistant prostate cancer by enhancing autophagy via the mTOR pathway and promoting pyroptosis mediated by cathepsin B. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of icariin and curcumol for prostate cancer treatment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_779_23
Hoibin Jeong, Dong-joo Lee, Sung-Pil Kwon, SeonJu Park, Song-Rae Kim, Seung Hyun Kim, Jae-Il Park, Deug-chan Lee, Kyung-Min Choi, WonWoo Lee, Ji-Won Park, Bohyun Yun, Su-Hyeon Cho, Kil-Nam Kim
To evaluate the effects of Catalpa bignonioides fruit extract on the promotion of muscle growth and muscular capacity in vitro and in vivo. Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using a 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay kit. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expressions of related factors. The effects of Catalpa bignonioides extract were investigated in mice using the treadmill exhaustion test and whole-limb grip strength assay. Chemical composition analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Catalpa bignonioides extract increased the proliferation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. It also induced metabolic changes, increasing the number of mitochondria and glucose metabolism by phosphorylating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. In an in vivo study, the extract-treated mice showed improved motor abilities, such as muscular endurance and grip strength. Additionally, HPLC analysis showed that vanillic acid may be the main component of the Catalpa bignonioides extract that enhanced muscle strength. Catalpa bignonioides improves exercise performance through regulation of growth and metabolism in skeletal muscles, suggesting its potential as an effective natural agent for improving muscular strength.
{"title":"Catalpa bignonioides extract improves exercise performance through regulation of growth and metabolism in skeletal muscles","authors":"Hoibin Jeong, Dong-joo Lee, Sung-Pil Kwon, SeonJu Park, Song-Rae Kim, Seung Hyun Kim, Jae-Il Park, Deug-chan Lee, Kyung-Min Choi, WonWoo Lee, Ji-Won Park, Bohyun Yun, Su-Hyeon Cho, Kil-Nam Kim","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_779_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_779_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To evaluate the effects of Catalpa bignonioides fruit extract on the promotion of muscle growth and muscular capacity in vitro and in vivo.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using a 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay kit. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expressions of related factors. The effects of Catalpa bignonioides extract were investigated in mice using the treadmill exhaustion test and whole-limb grip strength assay. Chemical composition analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Catalpa bignonioides extract increased the proliferation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. It also induced metabolic changes, increasing the number of mitochondria and glucose metabolism by phosphorylating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. In an in vivo study, the extract-treated mice showed improved motor abilities, such as muscular endurance and grip strength. Additionally, HPLC analysis showed that vanillic acid may be the main component of the Catalpa bignonioides extract that enhanced muscle strength.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Catalpa bignonioides improves exercise performance through regulation of growth and metabolism in skeletal muscles, suggesting its potential as an effective natural agent for improving muscular strength.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140463347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_823_23
Tiasha Dasgupta, Venkatraman Manickam
To evaluate the protective effect of benzydamine hydrochloride against ethanol-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with ethanol (100 mM) and benzydamine hydrochloride (7.5 μM). The inflammatory status was confirmed by measuring pro-(TNF-α and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines through ELISA and RT-PCR assays. Reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated to study the protective role of benzydamine hydrochloride against ethanol-induced oxidative stress. Apoptosis detection was also investigated using flow cytometry and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Benzydamine hydrochloride significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6, as well as the generation of reactive oxygen species inside the cells, thereby stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing DNA fragmentation. The ethanol-induced cellular necrosis was also reversed by the administration of benzydamine hydrochloride. Benzydamine hydrochloride ameliorates ethanol-induced cell apoptosis and inflammation in RAW macrophages.
评估盐酸苄达明对乙醇诱导的 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞氧化应激和炎症的保护作用。 用乙醇（100 mM）和盐酸苄达明（7.5 μM）处理 RAW 264.7 巨噬细胞。通过酶联免疫吸附和 RT-PCR 法检测促炎细胞因子（TNF-α 和 IL-6）和抗炎细胞因子（IL-10），确认炎症状态。为了研究盐酸苄达明对乙醇诱导的氧化应激的保护作用，还对活性氧生成和线粒体膜电位进行了调查。此外，还使用流式细胞术和吖啶橙/溴化乙锭染色法检测了细胞凋亡。 盐酸苄达明明显减少了 TNF-α 和 IL-6 的分泌以及细胞内活性氧的生成，从而稳定了线粒体膜电位并减少了 DNA 断裂。服用盐酸苄达明还能逆转乙醇诱导的细胞坏死。 盐酸苄达明可改善乙醇诱导的 RAW 巨噬细胞细胞凋亡和炎症。
{"title":"Benzydamine hydrochloride ameliorates ethanol-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages by stabilizing redox homeostasis","authors":"Tiasha Dasgupta, Venkatraman Manickam","doi":"10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_823_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/apjtb.apjtb_823_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To evaluate the protective effect of benzydamine hydrochloride against ethanol-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with ethanol (100 mM) and benzydamine hydrochloride (7.5 μM). The inflammatory status was confirmed by measuring pro-(TNF-α and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines through ELISA and RT-PCR assays. Reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated to study the protective role of benzydamine hydrochloride against ethanol-induced oxidative stress. Apoptosis detection was also investigated using flow cytometry and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Benzydamine hydrochloride significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6, as well as the generation of reactive oxygen species inside the cells, thereby stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing DNA fragmentation. The ethanol-induced cellular necrosis was also reversed by the administration of benzydamine hydrochloride.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Benzydamine hydrochloride ameliorates ethanol-induced cell apoptosis and inflammation in RAW macrophages.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.393578
S. Koppula, Ramesh Alluri, S. R. Kopalli
To investigate the effect of Foeniculum vulgare extract against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation in vitro as well as cognitive behavioral deficits in mice. LPS-activated BV-2 cell viability was measured using MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied using DCF-DA assay. The antioxidative enzymes and pro-inflammatory mediators were analyzed using respective ELISA kits and Western blotting. For in vivo testing, LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was given daily for five days in male Swiss albino mice to produce chronic neuroinflammation. Cognitive and behavioral tests were performed using open-field, passive avoidance, and rotarod experiments in LPS-induced mice. Foeniculum vulgare extract (25, 50 and 100 μg/mL) significantly attenuated the LPS-activated increase in nitric oxide (NO), ROS, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible NO synthase, IL-6, and TNF-alpha (P < 0.05). Moreover, LPS-induced oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative enzyme levels were significantly improved by Foeniculum vulgare extract (P < 0.05). The extract also regulated the NF-κB/MAPK signaling in BV-2 cells. In an in vivo study, Foeniculum vulgare extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) markedly mitigated the LPS-induced cognitive and locomotor impairments in mice. The fingerprinting analysis showed distinctive peaks with rutin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and anethole as identifiable compounds. Foeniculum vulgare extract can ameliorate LPS-stimulated neuroinflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells and improve cognitive and locomotor performance in LPS-administered mice.
{"title":"Foeniculum vulgare Mill. inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation and ameliorates neuroinflammation-mediated behavioral deficits in mice","authors":"S. Koppula, Ramesh Alluri, S. R. Kopalli","doi":"10.4103/2221-1691.393578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2221-1691.393578","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To investigate the effect of Foeniculum vulgare extract against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation in vitro as well as cognitive behavioral deficits in mice.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 LPS-activated BV-2 cell viability was measured using MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied using DCF-DA assay. The antioxidative enzymes and pro-inflammatory mediators were analyzed using respective ELISA kits and Western blotting. For in vivo testing, LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was given daily for five days in male Swiss albino mice to produce chronic neuroinflammation. Cognitive and behavioral tests were performed using open-field, passive avoidance, and rotarod experiments in LPS-induced mice.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Foeniculum vulgare extract (25, 50 and 100 μg/mL) significantly attenuated the LPS-activated increase in nitric oxide (NO), ROS, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible NO synthase, IL-6, and TNF-alpha (P < 0.05). Moreover, LPS-induced oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative enzyme levels were significantly improved by Foeniculum vulgare extract (P < 0.05). The extract also regulated the NF-κB/MAPK signaling in BV-2 cells. In an in vivo study, Foeniculum vulgare extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) markedly mitigated the LPS-induced cognitive and locomotor impairments in mice. The fingerprinting analysis showed distinctive peaks with rutin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and anethole as identifiable compounds.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Foeniculum vulgare extract can ameliorate LPS-stimulated neuroinflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells and improve cognitive and locomotor performance in LPS-administered mice.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8560,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140524971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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