J. Madaki, M. Gyang, D. Salihu, N. Ndam-Lar, S. Malomo
Mobile phones are common and have robust features which have promoted their use in training and health service delivery in developed countries. Health indices in Nigeria are poor and any opportunity to improve efficiency in health care delivery with regards to mobile phone technology should be explored. The objectives of this study were to determine Family Medicine Resident doctors' ownership, type of mobile cellphone; knowledge of cellphones functions and their use in patient care. The study also determined mobile cellphone patient care related cost and challenges with cellphone use in patient care. A survey of 250 Family Medicine residents in training centres in Nigeria was carried out to ascertain ownership, type, knowledge, use of mobile phone in patient care and mobile phone patient related care cost. Of the two hundred and fifty (250) self-administered questionnaires distributed with 164 returned, only 155 found suitable were analyzed to ascertain proportions of these variables and their implications for postgraduate residency training. All the 155 (100%) Family Medicine residency doctors had mobile cell phone with 96.8 % of them having smartphones. About 95% of doctors had high self-reported knowledge of Cell phone functions and experience in the use of mobile cell phone in selfeducation and provision of patient related care. However, 76% of doctors provided Cellphone related patient care to less than 10% of their patients monthly. Resident doctors spent on average N5,000-6,000 (USD$ 20-24) on mobile cell phone use monthly. All residents had mobile phones with 96.8% of them having smartphones. About 95% of Residents provide cellphone related patient care. Family Medicine training institutions in Nigeria should leverage on residents' cellphones use to advance both training and patient care. Keywords: Resident Doctors' Mobile phone related education and Patient care
{"title":"Ownership, knowledge, patient care cost and use of mobile cell phones by family physician resident doctors in Nigeria","authors":"J. Madaki, M. Gyang, D. Salihu, N. Ndam-Lar, S. Malomo","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V70I3-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V70I3-4","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile phones are common and have robust features which have promoted their use in training and health service delivery in developed countries. Health indices in Nigeria are poor and any opportunity to improve efficiency in health care delivery with regards to mobile phone technology should be explored. The objectives of this study were to determine Family Medicine Resident doctors' ownership, type of mobile cellphone; knowledge of cellphones functions and their use in patient care. The study also determined mobile cellphone patient care related cost and challenges with cellphone use in patient care. A survey of 250 Family Medicine residents in training centres in Nigeria was carried out to ascertain ownership, type, knowledge, use of mobile phone in patient care and mobile phone patient related care cost. Of the two hundred and fifty (250) self-administered questionnaires distributed with 164 returned, only 155 found suitable were analyzed to ascertain proportions of these variables and their implications for postgraduate residency training. All the 155 (100%) Family Medicine residency doctors had mobile cell phone with 96.8 % of them having smartphones. About 95% of doctors had high self-reported knowledge of Cell phone functions and experience in the use of mobile cell phone in selfeducation and provision of patient related care. However, 76% of doctors provided Cellphone related patient care to less than 10% of their patients monthly. Resident doctors spent on average N5,000-6,000 (USD$ 20-24) on mobile cell phone use monthly. All residents had mobile phones with 96.8% of them having smartphones. About 95% of Residents provide cellphone related patient care. Family Medicine training institutions in Nigeria should leverage on residents' cellphones use to advance both training and patient care. Keywords: Resident Doctors' Mobile phone related education and Patient care","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"118 1 1","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88479982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bukbuk Dn, B. Denue, Iy Ngoshe, J. Dawurung, S. Oderinde
Hepatitis B Virus infection is ranked the 10th leading cause of death worldwide. Mortality and morbidity attributable to it in the hyper-endemic sub Saharan African nations such as Nigeria is unarguably high. We postulated that the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is uneven across sex, age groups and perceived risks. We determined the HBsAg among six defined groups stratified as low risk (Age < 10 years), average risk (Pregnant antenatal care attendee), moderate risk (parturient women, STD clinic attendee) and high risk (commercial sex workers, CSW and long truck drivers). A total of 838 subjects from birth to age 56 years were screened for HBsAg using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) technique. The overall prevalence was 16.5%. It was higher in males (25.6%) than females (13.5%) (p <0.001). The seroprevalence rate was highest among children aged < 10 years with 25%. Parturient women and long truck drivers had a similar seroprevalence of 23.3% and 23.2% respectively. STD clinic attendee had 17.4%, while Antenatal care attendee had 11.3%. CSW had the least seroprevalence rate of 8%. Seroprevalent rate decreased with age (p=0.023), but it increased with parity = 4. Fifteen motherchild pairs (out of the 73 mother-child pairs) had HBsAg positive; mother-child concordance for HBsAg of 20.5%. Hepatitis B virus infection is common, and it is of hyperendemic magnitude in our environment. Although it commoner among children, it is likely acquired horizontally. This finding underscores the need for early childhood vaccination. Advocacy on discouraging prevalent harmful traditional practices such as genital mutilation, circumcision, cupping and tribal mark using unsterilized instruments and paraphernalia is expedient in our environment.
{"title":"Hepatitis B surface antigenaemia among high risk groups in northeastern Nigeria","authors":"Bukbuk Dn, B. Denue, Iy Ngoshe, J. Dawurung, S. Oderinde","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V69I6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V69I6","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B Virus infection is ranked the 10th leading cause of death worldwide. Mortality and morbidity attributable to it in the hyper-endemic sub Saharan African nations such as Nigeria is unarguably high. We postulated that the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is uneven across sex, age groups and perceived risks. We determined the HBsAg among six defined groups stratified as low risk (Age < 10 years), average risk (Pregnant antenatal care attendee), moderate risk (parturient women, STD clinic attendee) and high risk (commercial sex workers, CSW and long truck drivers). A total of 838 subjects from birth to age 56 years were screened for HBsAg using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) technique. The overall prevalence was 16.5%. It was higher in males (25.6%) than females (13.5%) (p <0.001). The seroprevalence rate was highest among children aged < 10 years with 25%. Parturient women and long truck drivers had a similar seroprevalence of 23.3% and 23.2% respectively. STD clinic attendee had 17.4%, while Antenatal care attendee had 11.3%. CSW had the least seroprevalence rate of 8%. Seroprevalent rate decreased with age (p=0.023), but it increased with parity = 4. Fifteen motherchild pairs (out of the 73 mother-child pairs) had HBsAg positive; mother-child concordance for HBsAg of 20.5%. Hepatitis B virus infection is common, and it is of hyperendemic magnitude in our environment. Although it commoner among children, it is likely acquired horizontally. This finding underscores the need for early childhood vaccination. Advocacy on discouraging prevalent harmful traditional practices such as genital mutilation, circumcision, cupping and tribal mark using unsterilized instruments and paraphernalia is expedient in our environment.","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"45 1","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72836219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malaria infestation in pregnancy is a major public health concern in Nigeria . Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) is a key recommendation in the National guideline for malaria control in Nigeria. Previous data from this hospital reported a very low implementation of this guideline . Scale up of services and training were thereafter implemented. This study assessed the current level of prescription of intermittent preventive therapy with Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine for pregnant women among doctors practicing in the 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos, Nigeria. This was a retrospective study of records of pregnant women seen at antenatal clinic of 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos, Nigeria from January, 2013 to December, 2013. Information on antenatal attendance and IPTp prescription extracted and analysis was done using EPI INFO 2002. A total of 684 case notes were retrieved from the antenatal clinic record. A good proportion of the women (82.1%) registered for antenatal clinic within the first and second trimesters of pregnancy while 75.5% of the doctors prescribed intermittent preventive therapy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. This was an improvement on previous IPTp prescription data (3.7%). None of the doctors prescribed weekly pyrimethamine. This study shows good implementation and adoption of the national malaria prevention guidelines by doctors practicing at 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos, Nigeria. The malaria programme should ensure education of all health workers in both public and private health facilities on prevention guidelines to increase coverage .Keywords: National guidelines, Intermittent Preventive therapy, Malaria in pregnancy, Nigeria
妊娠期疟疾感染是尼日利亚一个主要的公共卫生问题。妊娠期疟疾间歇预防治疗(IPTp)是尼日利亚国家疟疾控制指南中的一项重要建议。该医院以前的数据显示，该指南的执行率非常低。此后，扩大了服务和培训。本研究评估了目前在尼日利亚亚巴拉各斯的68家尼日利亚陆军参考医院执业的医生对孕妇使用磺胺嘧啶-乙胺嘧啶间歇预防治疗的处方水平。本研究对2013年1月至2013年12月在尼日利亚亚巴拉各斯68家尼日利亚陆军参考医院产前门诊就诊的孕妇进行回顾性研究。利用EPI INFO 2002提取和分析产前出勤和IPTp处方信息。从产前门诊记录中共检索到684份病例记录。大部分妇女(82.1%)在怀孕的前三个月和中期到产前诊所登记，而75.5%的医生开了磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶间歇性预防治疗。这比以前的IPTp处方数据(3.7%)有所改善。没有一个医生每周开一次乙胺嘧啶的处方。这项研究表明，在尼日利亚亚巴拉各斯的68家尼日利亚陆军参考医院执业的医生很好地实施和采用了国家疟疾预防指南。疟疾方案应确保对公共和私营卫生机构的所有卫生工作者进行预防指导方针的教育，以增加覆盖率。关键词:国家指导方针，间歇性预防治疗，妊娠期疟疾，尼日利亚
{"title":"Improved Prescription of Intermittent Preventive Therapy for Malaria in Pregnancy (IPTp) among doctors practicing in 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"N. Harrison, O. Nwaiwu, N. Odunukwe","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V70I1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V70I1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria infestation in pregnancy is a major public health concern in Nigeria . Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) is a key recommendation in the National guideline for malaria control in Nigeria. Previous data from this hospital reported a very low implementation of this guideline . Scale up of services and training were thereafter implemented. This study assessed the current level of prescription of intermittent preventive therapy with Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine for pregnant women among doctors practicing in the 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos, Nigeria. This was a retrospective study of records of pregnant women seen at antenatal clinic of 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos, Nigeria from January, 2013 to December, 2013. Information on antenatal attendance and IPTp prescription extracted and analysis was done using EPI INFO 2002. A total of 684 case notes were retrieved from the antenatal clinic record. A good proportion of the women (82.1%) registered for antenatal clinic within the first and second trimesters of pregnancy while 75.5% of the doctors prescribed intermittent preventive therapy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. This was an improvement on previous IPTp prescription data (3.7%). None of the doctors prescribed weekly pyrimethamine. This study shows good implementation and adoption of the national malaria prevention guidelines by doctors practicing at 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital Yaba Lagos, Nigeria. The malaria programme should ensure education of all health workers in both public and private health facilities on prevention guidelines to increase coverage .Keywords: National guidelines, Intermittent Preventive therapy, Malaria in pregnancy, Nigeria","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"5 1","pages":"8-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87069790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
lA Oreagba, K. Ade-Abolade, Ic Ogunleye, O. Ogunleye, A. Osakwe, M. Yusuf, Ka Osikoya
Safe and effective vaccines have been successful in reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. A study of routine immunization in a private clinic was undertaken to evaluate vaccine utilization. A retrospective evaluation of attendance at a private clinic routine immunization center was done. Quantity of vaccines received was compared to the number of children who attended immunization sessions over a three year period. There is a high utilization of immunization services in the private clinic with steady yearly increase in vaccine utilization of all antigens except OPVO and BeG. Vaccines utilization data is important in micro planning and deployment of resources and the private sector is fast becoming important stake holders. Private clinics who offer immunization services should embark on outreach campaigns in communities where they are located and immunization centers (both private and public) too close to each other could be merged to maximize utilization. Key Words ; Vaccine utilization, routine immunization, private health sector, Lagos,Nigeria
{"title":"Educational Intervention to Improve the Practice of Pharmacovigilance among Traditional Medicine Practitioners in Lagos Nigeria.","authors":"lA Oreagba, K. Ade-Abolade, Ic Ogunleye, O. Ogunleye, A. Osakwe, M. Yusuf, Ka Osikoya","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V69I1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V69I1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Safe and effective vaccines have been successful in reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. A study of routine immunization in a private clinic was undertaken to evaluate vaccine utilization. A retrospective evaluation of attendance at a private clinic routine immunization center was done. Quantity of vaccines received was compared to the number of children who attended immunization sessions over a three year period. There is a high utilization of immunization services in the private clinic with steady yearly increase in vaccine utilization of all antigens except OPVO and BeG. Vaccines utilization data is important in micro planning and deployment of resources and the private sector is fast becoming important stake holders. Private clinics who offer immunization services should embark on outreach campaigns in communities where they are located and immunization centers (both private and public) too close to each other could be merged to maximize utilization. Key Words ; Vaccine utilization, routine immunization, private health sector, Lagos,Nigeria","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"37 4","pages":"19-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72479296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Irurhe, Mn Ibeabuchi, O. Adekola, Ci Yakubu, O. Toyobo, A. Adewoye
{"title":"An Evaluation of the Quality of Consent Taking for Elective Maxillofacial Surgical Cases in a Tertiary Hospital.","authors":"N. Irurhe, Mn Ibeabuchi, O. Adekola, Ci Yakubu, O. Toyobo, A. Adewoye","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V67I1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V67I1-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"245 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84728676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Nwannadi, G. Jombo, M. Onoja, O. Alao, R. Okoli
Meticulous completion of the haematology request forms is an essential component of pre-analytical protocol. This process that contributes to the quality of laboratory results is critical for patient management. We set out to determine the level and adequacy of information provided when haematological investigations are requested and its impact on patient management.Requests forms submitted for haematological examinations were checked for completeness. The number of times items on the forms that were properly filled and omitted were recorded. The rate of compliance with filling in each item was determined. Comparisons were made between physicians and surgeons and among departments. Descriptive analysis of the data generated was carried out. Four thousand request forms were analyzed for completeness. 26.5 % (1060) were completely filled while 73.5% (2940) had one or more omissions. Client's name was filled in 100% of the forms while the item with the lowest level of compliance (56.3%) was the time of specimen collection. On the average, the rate of completeness of the forms was 86.6%. Physicians significantly completed the request forms more than the surgeons (32.8% vs 19.2%, p=0.0001). Department of Medicine had the highest completion rate of 43.7%, followed by Paediatrics 20.6%, Obstetrics and Gynaecology was 19.5% and the least was Surgery 18.8%. Incomplete information on the request forms lead to non-interpretation of 21.5% of the laboratory requests by the laboratory physicians. This study revealed low compliance with the supply of information required in the request form at the Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi. This negatively impacted on the interpretation of the laboratory results. Modification of medical curriculum, education of clinicians, introduction of electronic requesting and rejection of request forms lacking critical items are being recommended.Keywords: Haematology request form, Evaluation, Nigeria, and Tertiary Hospital
仔细填写血液学申请表是分析前程序的重要组成部分。这一过程有助于提高实验室结果的质量，对患者管理至关重要。我们着手确定要求血液学调查时提供的信息的水平和充分性及其对患者管理的影响。对提交的血液学检查申请表的完整性进行了检查。记录表格上正确填写和遗漏的项目的次数。确定了每个项目的填写符合率。医师与外科医师之间、科室之间进行比较。对所产生的数据进行描述性分析。为了完整性，分析了4000个请求表单。26.5%(1060例)完全填充，73.5%(2940例)有一个或多个遗漏。客户姓名填写率为100%，标本采集时间填写率最低(56.3%)。表格的平均完成率为86.6%。内科医生明显多于外科医生(32.8% vs 19.2%， p=0.0001)。内科完成率最高，为43.7%，其次为儿科20.6%，妇产科19.5%，外科18.8%。请求表格上的信息不完整导致实验室医生无法解释21.5%的实验室请求。这项研究表明，马库尔迪贝努埃州立大学教学医院对提供申请表所需信息的遵守程度较低。这对实验室结果的解释产生了负面影响。建议修改医学课程、对临床医生进行教育、采用电子请求和拒绝缺少关键项目的请求表格。关键词:血液学申请单，评价，尼日利亚，三级医院
{"title":"Haematology Request Forms at a New Tertiary Health Institution in North central, Nigeria: Evaluation of Level of Compliance with Entries and the Impact on Results","authors":"I. Nwannadi, G. Jombo, M. Onoja, O. Alao, R. Okoli","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V68I1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V68I1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Meticulous completion of the haematology request forms is an essential component of pre-analytical protocol. This process that contributes to the quality of laboratory results is critical for patient management. We set out to determine the level and adequacy of information provided when haematological investigations are requested and its impact on patient management.Requests forms submitted for haematological examinations were checked for completeness. The number of times items on the forms that were properly filled and omitted were recorded. The rate of compliance with filling in each item was determined. Comparisons were made between physicians and surgeons and among departments. Descriptive analysis of the data generated was carried out. Four thousand request forms were analyzed for completeness. 26.5 % (1060) were completely filled while 73.5% (2940) had one or more omissions. Client's name was filled in 100% of the forms while the item with the lowest level of compliance (56.3%) was the time of specimen collection. On the average, the rate of completeness of the forms was 86.6%. Physicians significantly completed the request forms more than the surgeons (32.8% vs 19.2%, p=0.0001). Department of Medicine had the highest completion rate of 43.7%, followed by Paediatrics 20.6%, Obstetrics and Gynaecology was 19.5% and the least was Surgery 18.8%. Incomplete information on the request forms lead to non-interpretation of 21.5% of the laboratory requests by the laboratory physicians. This study revealed low compliance with the supply of information required in the request form at the Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi. This negatively impacted on the interpretation of the laboratory results. Modification of medical curriculum, education of clinicians, introduction of electronic requesting and rejection of request forms lacking critical items are being recommended.Keywords: Haematology request form, Evaluation, Nigeria, and Tertiary Hospital","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"44 1","pages":"23-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74014718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) is a major public health problem worldwide and is present in 50-60% of full term and 80% of preterm newborns. It contributes to the high neonatal morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America. Various studies in Lagos have reported higher rates compared to other parts of Nigeria and the developing world. This study set out to determine the perinatal correlates of neonatal jaundice among mothers of infants attending immunization clinics in Surulere local government area (LGA) of Lagos State. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study among mothers attending selected immunization clinics in Surulere local government area. Multistage sampling was used to select four immunization clinics from three wards in the LGA. Using astructured interviewer-administered questionnaire, data were obtained from 394 mothers on their socio-demographic characteristics, ANC and birth history, history of neonatal jaundice and how it was managed. Data obtained was analyzed using IBMSPSS and presented as frequencies and percentages Associations were tested statistically using Chisquare at a significance level of p 12 hours. Seventy-nine mothers (20.1%) noticed NNJ; 31.6% in <24 hours, 39.2% in 24-72 hours and 29.1% after 72 hours. Almost all mothers (97.7%) were still breastfeeding and 63.4% reported exclusively breastfeeding their babies. History of NNJ in previous baby and illness during pregnancy were significantly associated with NNJ. The proportion of babies in whom the mothers reported neonatal jaundice was19.5%. NNJ was significantly associated with illness during pregnancy and previous history of NNJ. The authors recommend strengthening the implementation of postnatal examination of newborns prior to discharge and early return for re-examination of those newborns discharged earlier than 72 hours of birth. Key words : Neonatal jaundice, perinatal correlates, antenatal care practices, delivery practices and Infant feeding
{"title":"Neonatal Jaundice: A Survey of Perinatal Correlates among Mothers of Infants Attending Immunization Clinic in Surulere Local Government Area","authors":"A. Roberts, Afr Alabede, F. Olatona","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V65I5-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V65I5-6","url":null,"abstract":"Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) is a major public health problem worldwide and is present in 50-60% of full term and 80% of preterm newborns. It contributes to the high neonatal morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America. Various studies in Lagos have reported higher rates compared to other parts of Nigeria and the developing world. This study set out to determine the perinatal correlates of neonatal jaundice among mothers of infants attending immunization clinics in Surulere local government area (LGA) of Lagos State. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study among mothers attending selected immunization clinics in Surulere local government area. Multistage sampling was used to select four immunization clinics from three wards in the LGA. Using astructured interviewer-administered questionnaire, data were obtained from 394 mothers on their socio-demographic characteristics, ANC and birth history, history of neonatal jaundice and how it was managed. Data obtained was analyzed using IBMSPSS and presented as frequencies and percentages Associations were tested statistically using Chisquare at a significance level of p 12 hours. Seventy-nine mothers (20.1%) noticed NNJ; 31.6% in <24 hours, 39.2% in 24-72 hours and 29.1% after 72 hours. Almost all mothers (97.7%) were still breastfeeding and 63.4% reported exclusively breastfeeding their babies. History of NNJ in previous baby and illness during pregnancy were significantly associated with NNJ. The proportion of babies in whom the mothers reported neonatal jaundice was19.5%. NNJ was significantly associated with illness during pregnancy and previous history of NNJ. The authors recommend strengthening the implementation of postnatal examination of newborns prior to discharge and early return for re-examination of those newborns discharged earlier than 72 hours of birth. Key words : Neonatal jaundice, perinatal correlates, antenatal care practices, delivery practices and Infant feeding","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"30 1","pages":"16-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80178932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes and thyroid disorders have been shown to mutually influence each other and associations between both conditions have long been reported. Thyroid dysfunction has been found to be chiefly hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Recent findings have evidenced the intricate bond between subclinical hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus that contributes to major complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy. Insulin resistance has also been shown to play an indispensable role in connecting type 2 diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction. Failure to recognize the presence of abnormal thyroid hormone levels in diabetes may be a primary cause of poor management sometimes encountered in some diabetics on treatment. This review seeks to bring to awareness of clinicians the evidence based relationship between diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction and need for early detection and management of both conditions. Keywords : diabetes mellitus; thyroid dysfunction; relationship
{"title":"Relationship Between Diabetes Mellitus And Thyroid Disease: Importance Of Screening","authors":"N. Azinge, C. Anizor","doi":"10.4314/nmp.v65i3-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/nmp.v65i3-4","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes and thyroid disorders have been shown to mutually influence each other and associations between both conditions have long been reported. Thyroid dysfunction has been found to be chiefly hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Recent findings have evidenced the intricate bond between subclinical hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus that contributes to major complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy. Insulin resistance has also been shown to play an indispensable role in connecting type 2 diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction. Failure to recognize the presence of abnormal thyroid hormone levels in diabetes may be a primary cause of poor management sometimes encountered in some diabetics on treatment. This review seeks to bring to awareness of clinicians the evidence based relationship between diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction and need for early detection and management of both conditions. Keywords : diabetes mellitus; thyroid dysfunction; relationship","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"20 1","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75481229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Adefuye, P. Adefuye, O. Odusan, S. Ogun, O. Ogunsemi, T. Olunuga
Churg – Strauss Syndrome (CSS) is a rare idiopathic, multisystemic, autoimmune disease, characterized by diffuse eosinophilic infiltration and necrotizing vasculitis of small to medium sized vessels. Late onset asthma and/or allergic rhinitis are frequent clinical manifestations with fever and loss of weight as systemic symptoms at presentation. Mononeuritis multiplex, myalgia, skin involvement (purpura, skin nodules, urticarial rash, livedo reticularis), arthralgia, gastro intestinal tract (GIT) involvement, pericardial, myocardial, central nervous system (CNS) and renal involvements are other manifestations of CSS. Diagnostic hallmarks include Blood and tissue eosinophilia, histology revealing eosinophilic granulomas and/or necrotizing vasculitides in tissue biopsy. Although not a criterion of CSS diagnosis, presence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA), especially antimyeloperoxidase (ANCA MPO), is associated with CSS. This is present in more than 40% (40 - 66 - 73%) of CSS patients. Pathogenesis varies from ANCA activation of neutrophils and resultant systemic endothetial damage (in ANCA positive CSS), on one hand, and tissue infiltration by eosinophils with resultant tissue damage by toxic products of eosinophils (in ANCA negative CSS), on the other hand. There are also the varying B and T cell dysfunctions. Diffuse organ involvement, especially cardiovascular (CVS), GIT, rare involvement of CNS and renal system suggest poorer prognosis and possible fatal outcome. Patients with these poor prognostic outlooks, especially cardiac, receive aggressive treatment using corticosteroids combined with immunosuppresants (chiefly cyclophosphamide). Patients with refractory CSS have been successfully treated, adding TNF – alpha blockers to a combination of glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide. Antithymocyte globulin or pooled intravenous globulin have been found effective alternative therapy in resistant cases and most especially in pregnant patients. Keywords: Churg-Strauss syndrome, Eosinophilia, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies, Immunosuppressants
{"title":"Churg-Strauss's Syndrome; Review of literature","authors":"B. Adefuye, P. Adefuye, O. Odusan, S. Ogun, O. Ogunsemi, T. Olunuga","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V65I1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V65I1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Churg – Strauss Syndrome (CSS) is a rare idiopathic, multisystemic, autoimmune disease, characterized by diffuse eosinophilic infiltration and necrotizing vasculitis of small to medium sized vessels. Late onset asthma and/or allergic rhinitis are frequent clinical manifestations with fever and loss of weight as systemic symptoms at presentation. Mononeuritis multiplex, myalgia, skin involvement (purpura, skin nodules, urticarial rash, livedo reticularis), arthralgia, gastro intestinal tract (GIT) involvement, pericardial, myocardial, central nervous system (CNS) and renal involvements are other manifestations of CSS. Diagnostic hallmarks include Blood and tissue eosinophilia, histology revealing eosinophilic granulomas and/or necrotizing vasculitides in tissue biopsy. Although not a criterion of CSS diagnosis, presence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA), especially antimyeloperoxidase (ANCA MPO), is associated with CSS. This is present in more than 40% (40 - 66 - 73%) of CSS patients. Pathogenesis varies from ANCA activation of neutrophils and resultant systemic endothetial damage (in ANCA positive CSS), on one hand, and tissue infiltration by eosinophils with resultant tissue damage by toxic products of eosinophils (in ANCA negative CSS), on the other hand. There are also the varying B and T cell dysfunctions. Diffuse organ involvement, especially cardiovascular (CVS), GIT, rare involvement of CNS and renal system suggest poorer prognosis and possible fatal outcome. Patients with these poor prognostic outlooks, especially cardiac, receive aggressive treatment using corticosteroids combined with immunosuppresants (chiefly cyclophosphamide). Patients with refractory CSS have been successfully treated, adding TNF – alpha blockers to a combination of glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide. Antithymocyte globulin or pooled intravenous globulin have been found effective alternative therapy in resistant cases and most especially in pregnant patients. Keywords: Churg-Strauss syndrome, Eosinophilia, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies, Immunosuppressants","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"43 1","pages":"16-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81519163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Operative vaginal delivery by vacuum extraction plays a very important role in modern day obstetrics and there has been a progressive shift away from the use of forceps in favour of the vacuum extractor as the instrument of choice overtime. The objective of this study was to evaluate the indications and outcome of assisted vaginal deliveries with the aid of vacuum extraction in a Nigerian tertiary health institution. This was a retrospective study involving 376 patients who had vacuum deliveries from January 2004 to December 2013 at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria. There were a total of 376 assisted vacuum deliveries out of a total of 7833 deliveries giving an overall vacuum delivery rate of 4.8%. The commonest indication was delayed second stage (81.4%) followed by foetal distress (9.3%). There were 34 perinatal deaths giving a perinatal mortality rate of 9.0%. Perinatal morbidity with foetal injury was 2.9%. Postpartum haemorrhage and perineal laceration each accounted for 2.9% of the maternal outcome while 2.4% of the parturients had cervical laceration. Vacuum deliveries are relevant in modern day obstetric practice despite the associated complications. In carefully selected patients, it is safe and has favourable outcome. It is also a means of reducing caesarean section rate. Keywords : Instrumental vaginal delivery, Vacuum delivery, Foetal injuries, Foeto-maternal outcome.
{"title":"Abdominal Hysterectomy for Benign Gynaecological Conditions in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital","authors":"M. Abah, A. Umoh","doi":"10.4314/NMP.V66I3-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/NMP.V66I3-6","url":null,"abstract":"Operative vaginal delivery by vacuum extraction plays a very important role in modern day obstetrics and there has been a progressive shift away from the use of forceps in favour of the vacuum extractor as the instrument of choice overtime. The objective of this study was to evaluate the indications and outcome of assisted vaginal deliveries with the aid of vacuum extraction in a Nigerian tertiary health institution. This was a retrospective study involving 376 patients who had vacuum deliveries from January 2004 to December 2013 at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria. There were a total of 376 assisted vacuum deliveries out of a total of 7833 deliveries giving an overall vacuum delivery rate of 4.8%. The commonest indication was delayed second stage (81.4%) followed by foetal distress (9.3%). There were 34 perinatal deaths giving a perinatal mortality rate of 9.0%. Perinatal morbidity with foetal injury was 2.9%. Postpartum haemorrhage and perineal laceration each accounted for 2.9% of the maternal outcome while 2.4% of the parturients had cervical laceration. Vacuum deliveries are relevant in modern day obstetric practice despite the associated complications. In carefully selected patients, it is safe and has favourable outcome. It is also a means of reducing caesarean section rate. Keywords : Instrumental vaginal delivery, Vacuum delivery, Foetal injuries, Foeto-maternal outcome.","PeriodicalId":85759,"journal":{"name":"The Nigerian medical practitioner","volume":"6 1","pages":"31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83189691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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