David Jago, Emma E. Gaschk, George A. Koutsantonis
Photochromic molecules reversibly change their colour upon exposure to light. The increasing need for smart materials in the real world, coupled with progress in synthetic chemistry, fast spectroscopic techniques, and theoretical power in research laboratories, have seen research in organic photochromism accelerate over the past few decades. In this Primer Review, the topic of organic photochromism is introduced. The fundamental concepts and histories are given to contextualise this field. Moreover, key photochromic molecules and selected applications are showcased to provide the interested reader with an entry to this fascinating field of science and emerging technology.
{"title":"History and fundamentals of molecular photochromism","authors":"David Jago, Emma E. Gaschk, George A. Koutsantonis","doi":"10.1071/ch23115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ch23115","url":null,"abstract":"Photochromic molecules reversibly change their colour upon exposure to light. The increasing need for smart materials in the real world, coupled with progress in synthetic chemistry, fast spectroscopic techniques, and theoretical power in research laboratories, have seen research in organic photochromism accelerate over the past few decades. In this Primer Review, the topic of organic photochromism is introduced. The fundamental concepts and histories are given to contextualise this field. Moreover, key photochromic molecules and selected applications are showcased to provide the interested reader with an entry to this fascinating field of science and emerging technology.","PeriodicalId":8575,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78958773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madeleine Schultz, Daniel C. Southam, Mark Buntine, Kay Colthorpe, Susan Howitt, Elizabeth Johnson, Susan Jones, Jo-Anne Kelder, Sally Kift, Wendy A. Loughlin, Glennys A. O’Brien, Simon Pyke, John Rice, Susan Rowland, Robyn Yucel
The Science Threshold Learning Outcomes (TLOs) are a consensus set of academic standards for Australian university Science education. They were developed by Prof. Brian Yates and Prof. Sue Jones, supported by Dr Jo-Anne Kelder, during 2010–2011. The co-authors of this paper are key figures in Australian Science education, and in this manuscript, we have used a reflective semi-structured interview approach to describe the process of developing the Science TLOs and consider their subsequent effect on tertiary science education in Australia. This manuscript documents Sue and Brian’s impact on science curriculum through the lenses of leadership, community and practice. We have a twofold aim: first to draw lessons for harnessing consensus in scientific communities on the value and purpose of a tertiary science education, and second to celebrate the success of these influential and impactful leaders in our community. We demonstrate how work to develop the TLOs has transformed tertiary science education in Australia.
{"title":"‘Transformative’: the threshold learning outcomes for science","authors":"Madeleine Schultz, Daniel C. Southam, Mark Buntine, Kay Colthorpe, Susan Howitt, Elizabeth Johnson, Susan Jones, Jo-Anne Kelder, Sally Kift, Wendy A. Loughlin, Glennys A. O’Brien, Simon Pyke, John Rice, Susan Rowland, Robyn Yucel","doi":"10.1071/ch23137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ch23137","url":null,"abstract":"The Science Threshold Learning Outcomes (TLOs) are a consensus set of academic standards for Australian university Science education. They were developed by Prof. Brian Yates and Prof. Sue Jones, supported by Dr Jo-Anne Kelder, during 2010–2011. The co-authors of this paper are key figures in Australian Science education, and in this manuscript, we have used a reflective semi-structured interview approach to describe the process of developing the Science TLOs and consider their subsequent effect on tertiary science education in Australia. This manuscript documents Sue and Brian’s impact on science curriculum through the lenses of leadership, community and practice. We have a twofold aim: first to draw lessons for harnessing consensus in scientific communities on the value and purpose of a tertiary science education, and second to celebrate the success of these influential and impactful leaders in our community. We demonstrate how work to develop the TLOs has transformed tertiary science education in Australia.","PeriodicalId":8575,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Chemistry","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brett Pollard, Xin Liu, Luke A. Connal, Martin G. Banwell, Michael G. Gardiner
Diels–Alder cycloaddition reactions between the biomass-derived platform molecule levoglucosenone (2) and various cyclic dienes such as α-terpinene produced a range of adducts, including compound 28. Manipulation of these adducts then afforded a series of derivatives. So, for example, reductions of the associated carbonyl groups delivered the corresponding alcohols including compound 29 and on reaction of these with diethylaminosulfur trifluoride rearranged fluorination products such as tetracycle 30 were obtained. An analogous suite of compounds was obtained by manipulation of the Diels–Alder adducts derived from reacting the same dienes with iso-levoglucosenone that was itself obtained through simple manipulation of levoglucosenone. Our earlier studies suggest that various of these derivatives could be used in the production, via ring-opening metathesis polymerisation (ROMP), of new bio-based polymers.
{"title":"The synthesis and manipulation of certain Diels–Alder adducts of levoglucosenone and iso-levoglucosenone","authors":"Brett Pollard, Xin Liu, Luke A. Connal, Martin G. Banwell, Michael G. Gardiner","doi":"10.1071/ch23130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ch23130","url":null,"abstract":"Diels–Alder cycloaddition reactions between the biomass-derived platform molecule levoglucosenone (2) and various cyclic dienes such as α-terpinene produced a range of adducts, including compound 28. Manipulation of these adducts then afforded a series of derivatives. So, for example, reductions of the associated carbonyl groups delivered the corresponding alcohols including compound 29 and on reaction of these with diethylaminosulfur trifluoride rearranged fluorination products such as tetracycle 30 were obtained. An analogous suite of compounds was obtained by manipulation of the Diels–Alder adducts derived from reacting the same dienes with iso-levoglucosenone that was itself obtained through simple manipulation of levoglucosenone. Our earlier studies suggest that various of these derivatives could be used in the production, via ring-opening metathesis polymerisation (ROMP), of new bio-based polymers.","PeriodicalId":8575,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136052490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rowan McDonough, Daniel Mangos, Chris Hassam, Jonathan Campbell, David A. Lewis
The homogeneous addition of functional silanes dissolved in a co-solvent such as ethanol has been shown to change particle growth mechanisms as well as control over particle size and dispersity, especially for non-polar silanes. Highly monodisperse size-controlled silica particles from 50 to over 1000nm bearing thiol, vinyl, phenyl, propyl, cyanopropyl and chloropropyl R group functionality were synthesised directly from the corresponding single organosilane source. Observing particle growth over time revealed that it proceeded by a conventional Stöber process, where silane monomers and oligomers add to nucleation sites, resulting in particle growth. Scale-up of the homogeneous mixing approach produced gram quantities of particles without affecting size, size dispersion or functionality under good mixing. The presence and functionality of the surface R groups were confirmed by a simple second addition of reactive molecules to the particle synthesis liquor, resulting in theoretical maximum attachment densities.
{"title":"Approach to achieve controlled particle size synthesis of non-polar functionalised siloxane particles using a one-pot synthesis","authors":"Rowan McDonough, Daniel Mangos, Chris Hassam, Jonathan Campbell, David A. Lewis","doi":"10.1071/ch23128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ch23128","url":null,"abstract":"The homogeneous addition of functional silanes dissolved in a co-solvent such as ethanol has been shown to change particle growth mechanisms as well as control over particle size and dispersity, especially for non-polar silanes. Highly monodisperse size-controlled silica particles from 50 to over 1000nm bearing thiol, vinyl, phenyl, propyl, cyanopropyl and chloropropyl R group functionality were synthesised directly from the corresponding single organosilane source. Observing particle growth over time revealed that it proceeded by a conventional Stöber process, where silane monomers and oligomers add to nucleation sites, resulting in particle growth. Scale-up of the homogeneous mixing approach produced gram quantities of particles without affecting size, size dispersion or functionality under good mixing. The presence and functionality of the surface R groups were confirmed by a simple second addition of reactive molecules to the particle synthesis liquor, resulting in theoretical maximum attachment densities.","PeriodicalId":8575,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Chemistry","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a 3-D-printable device for continuous measuring of heavy metal ion concentrations","authors":"C. de Villiers, M. Wajrak, A. Lubansky","doi":"10.1071/ch23112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ch23112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8575,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Chemistry","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86751440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring colorimetric detection of perfluorooctane sulfonate using micelle solubilised porphyrin†","authors":"C. M. Taylor, M. Breadmore, N. Kilah","doi":"10.1071/ch23061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ch23061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8575,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Chemistry","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81934430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigating natural product-related patents in Australia and beyond","authors":"Claire Gregg, Michael Caine","doi":"10.1071/ch22254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ch22254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8575,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Chemistry","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88294137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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