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ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF AIR TRANSPORTATION IN TERMS OF UNFAIR COMPETITION AND NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES: EVIDENCE FROM TURKISH COMMERCIAL LAW 从不公平竞争和负面外部性角度看航空运输的经济可持续性:来自土耳其商法的证据
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1332849
Öner GÜMÜŞ, Filiz EKİCİ, Gamze ORHAN
Air transportation is a more advantageous form of transportation compared to other types of transportation. This is because it provides economic growth, place, and time benefits. However, the realization of the economic sustainability of these benefits may become difficult in certain cases. It is possible to express these situations as negative externalities in the theory of public finance. The solution to negative externalities lies in their internalization. Unfair competition is also a negative externality for air transport enterprises. One of the sanctions applied for the internalization of this negative externality is compensation. While material compensation can internalize externalities, moral compensation cannot fully compensate for externalities in a number of cases. Such a situation may constitute a violation of the rule that externalities will not be reflected in market prices. In order to understand whether such a rule violation actually occurred judicial decisions were examined using the comparison method in the study. The conclusion reached in the study is that in a few cases externalities are likely to be reflected in market prices and reveal a violation of a rule related to the theory of public finance. To ensure economic sustainability of air transportation, moral compensation decisions that have the potential not to reflect externalities to market prices must be fully determined.
与其他运输方式相比,航空运输是一种更有利的运输方式。这是因为它提供了经济增长、地点和时间上的好处。然而,在某些情况下,实现这些利益的经济可持续性可能会变得困难。在公共财政理论中,可以将这些情况表述为负外部性。解决负外部性的关键在于其内部化。不正当竞争也是航空运输企业的负外部性。对这种负面外部性内部化所适用的制裁之一是补偿。虽然物质补偿可以内化外部性,但在许多情况下,道德补偿不能完全补偿外部性。这种情况可能违反了外部性不反映在市场价格上的规则。为了了解这种违反规则的行为是否实际发生,本研究采用比较的方法对司法判决进行了审查。研究得出的结论是,在少数情况下,外部性可能反映在市场价格上,并揭示违反与公共财政理论有关的规则。为了确保航空运输的经济可持续性,必须充分确定有可能不反映市场价格外部性的道德补偿决定。
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引用次数: 0
Full-service carrier (FSC) vs low-cost carrier (LCC): Purchasing decision-making process of passengers 全服务航空公司(FSC)与低成本航空公司(LCC):乘客购买决策过程
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1320304
Nuran KARAAĞAOĞLU, Şafak GÜNDÜZ
The demand for the aviation industry has grown as a result of the shift in people's travel preferences brought on by rising wealth and expanding trade in the world and in our nation. Air travel is now preferred due to state assistance, new airports, superior aircraft, and the relative drop in expenses. This study's main focus is on the consumer purchase patterns of two airline companies that operate in the very competitive aviation sector. Depending on whether the airline is a full-service carrier or a low-cost carrier, these variables change. The "Factors Affecting Airline Preferences Scale" was created and distributed to passengers of two airline organizations at Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen Airport (a full-service carrier (FSC) and a low-cost carrier (LCC) operating in Turkey) to assess the extent to which variables like airline reputation, advertising, frequent flyer programs, price, service quality, and digital marketing tools like websites, e-mails, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, and mobile applications have an impact on the process of ticket purchasing decision of passengers. It was shown that the passengers' purchasing decisions were influenced by reputation, service quality, frequent flyer programs, price, digital marketing initiatives, and advertisement. It was shown that depending on whether the airline is a full-service carrier or a low-cost carrier, the impact of these elements differs.
由于世界和我国财富的增长和贸易的扩大,人们的旅行偏好发生了变化,对航空业的需求也随之增长。由于国家援助、新机场、优质飞机和费用的相对下降,航空旅行现在更受欢迎。这项研究的主要重点是消费者购买模式的两家航空公司,这两家航空公司在竞争非常激烈的航空部门。根据航空公司是全服务航空公司还是低成本航空公司,这些变量会发生变化。“影响航空公司偏好的因素量表”是在伊斯坦布尔萨比哈Gökçen机场(一家全服务航空公司(FSC)和一家在土耳其运营的低成本航空公司(LCC))创建并分发给两家航空公司组织的乘客的,以评估航空公司声誉、广告、常旅客计划、价格、服务质量以及网站、电子邮件、Facebook、Twitter、Instagram、YouTube等数字营销工具,移动应用程序对乘客购票决策过程产生影响。研究表明,乘客的购买决策受到声誉、服务质量、常旅客计划、价格、数字营销活动和广告的影响。研究表明,根据航空公司是全服务航空公司还是低成本航空公司,这些因素的影响是不同的。
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引用次数: 0
Bibliometric Analysis of Postgraduate Theses on Civil Aviation 民航研究生论文文献计量学分析
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1318603
Volkan MAZIOĞLU, Engin KANBUR
This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric evaluation of 908 postgraduate theses in civil aviation that were approved, licensed, and published in the National Thesis Centre database. These theses were analysed based on specific parameters, including the year of publication, gender of the authors, universities where they were published, thesis topics, language of writing, number of pages, publication cities, supervisor titles, institutes, departmental affiliations, types of universities, and types of theses. The results revealed that most of these theses were published in 2019, and male researchers outnumbered female researchers. Moreover, many of the theses were written in Turkish and predominantly published at Anadolu University. The title of "assistant professor" was more commonly used in master's theses, while the title of "professor" was more frequently utilized in doctoral theses. Most of the theses were 101-200 pages long and were conducted in Istanbul. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that there were more master's theses than doctoral theses, with a predominant research focus on business management.
本研究旨在对国家论文中心数据库中经审定、许可和发表的908篇民航研究生论文进行文献计量学评估。这些论文是根据具体参数进行分析的,包括发表年份、作者性别、发表大学、论文主题、写作语言、页数、出版城市、导师头衔、研究所、系属、大学类型和论文类型。结果显示,这些论文大部分发表于2019年,男性研究人员多于女性研究人员。此外,许多论文都是用土耳其语写的,主要在阿纳多卢大学发表。“助理教授”在硕士论文中使用较多,“教授”在博士论文中使用较多。大部分论文长达101-200页,在伊斯坦布尔进行。根据研究结果,可以得出结论,硕士论文多于博士论文,研究重点主要集中在企业管理方面。
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引用次数: 0
PWM Controlled Servomechanism PWM控制的伺服机构
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1351782
Mehmet Ali SOYTÜRK
Precise control of aircraft flight control surfaces by the pilot is critical to flight safety. The joystick and control surface positions must be detected accurately and quickly, and the motion mechanism must be operated in such a way as to ensure synchronization between them. The analogue voltage value taken from the potentiometer, which is used as a position sensor in many small aircraft, can be used directly or by converting to digital. In this applied study, the analogue position knowledge received from the potentiometer on the joystick was converted into a PWM signal with an oscillator circuit. The PWM position signal applied to the IR (InfraRed) LED in the transmitter unit is sent as infrared light. The PWM position knowledge detected by the photodiode in the receiver unit was passed through the LPF (Low Pass Filter) and the voltage value of the joystick potentiometer was obtained again. With the mechanism controlled according to the difference between the potentiometer values of the joystick and the control surface, the synchronization between the joystick and the control surface is ensured. In this study, a wireless and stable servomechanism connection is obtained by transmitting PWM position knowledge as IR.
飞行员对飞机飞行控制面的精确控制对飞行安全至关重要。必须准确、快速地检测操纵杆和控制面位置,并且必须以保证它们之间同步的方式操作运动机构。在许多小型飞机上用作位置传感器的电位器的模拟电压值可以直接使用,也可以转换为数字电压值。& # x0D;在这个应用研究中,从操纵杆上的电位器接收到的模拟位置信息通过振荡器电路转换成PWM信号。将PWM位置信号加到发射单元的IR(红外)LED上,作为红外光发送。接收单元中的光电二极管检测到的PWM位置信息通过LPF(低通滤波器),重新获得操纵杆电位器的电压值。该机构根据操纵杆电位器值与控制面的差值进行控制,保证了操纵杆与控制面的同步。在本研究中,通过将PWM位置信息作为红外传输,实现了一种无线稳定的伺服机构连接。
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引用次数: 0
UNIT ROOT TESTS OF AIRLINE’S STOCK RETURNS CONSIDERING ALLIANCES 考虑联盟的航空公司股票回报的单位根检验
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1345665
Olcay ÖLÇEN
The purpose of this study is to make a unit root analysis of the stock return time series of 18 air carrier companies due to alliance membership in this paper because of the importance of the unit roots in the detection of time-related matters. Five important unit root tests, which can be classified as Fourier or classical utilized. According to the findings, there is no unit root in the stock return series regardless of airline alliances but there are differences on a regional basis depending on the test and test power, specific Asian airlines stocks’ return series show linearity. These results will shed more light on the efficient market hypothesis on aviation management in the next research.
考虑到单位根在时间相关事项检测中的重要性,本研究的目的是对18家航空公司因联盟成员关系而产生的股票收益时间序列进行单位根分析。五个重要的单位根检验,可分为傅里叶检验和经典检验。研究发现,各航空公司联盟的股票收益序列不存在单位根,但根据检验和检验功率的不同,在区域基础上存在差异,具体亚洲航空公司股票的收益序列呈现线性关系。这些研究结果将在后续的研究中为航空管理的有效市场假说提供更多的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Bibliometric Analysis of Sustainability in Civil Aviation 民航可持续发展的文献计量分析
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1358871
Salih AYGÜN, Murat SAĞBAŞ, Fahri Alp ERDOĞAN
As air travel has become a crucial part of modern life, concerns about its environmental impact, economic sustainability, and social responsibility have significantly grown. Sustainability in this context refers to the delicate balance between current needs and future aspirations, taking into consideration environmental, economic, and social factors. The aviation industry is a substantial contributor to worldwide carbon emissions, and its ongoing growth poses a threat to exacerbate climate change. But it also has a crucial role in promoting economic growth and global connectivity. Achieving a balance between these competing interests necessitates a collaborative approach involving governments, industry stakeholders, academia and the general public. The sustainability viewpoint in the aviation sector, as well as the research carried out in this field, is of great significance in advancing the sector. The objective of this research is to identify and analyze publications regarding sustainability in the aviation sector within the SSCI and SCI-Exp databases. Suggestions for future research are proposed. The study includes a bibliometric analysis of 123 scientific articles published between 2001 and 2023. The findings reveal significant trends, influential authors and leading institutions in aviation sustainability research whilst also identifying gaps in the literature. Keyword analysis revealed recurring themes such as energy efficiency, emissions reduction, and life cycle assessment. These findings highlight the aviation industry's increasing dedication to sustainability and the necessity for further research and practical measures to ensure a more environmentally sustainable future for civil aviation.
随着航空旅行成为现代生活的重要组成部分,人们对其环境影响、经济可持续性和社会责任的担忧也显著增加。在这种情况下,可持续性是指在考虑到环境、经济和社会因素的情况下,在当前需求和未来愿望之间取得微妙的平衡。航空业是全球碳排放的重要贡献者,其持续增长对加剧气候变化构成了威胁。但它在促进经济增长和全球互联互通方面也发挥着至关重要的作用。要在这些相互竞争的利益之间取得平衡,就必须采取政府、行业利益相关者、学术界和公众参与的合作方式。航空领域的可持续性观点,以及在该领域开展的研究,对于推动该领域的发展具有重要意义。本研究的目的是在SSCI和SCI-Exp数据库中识别和分析有关航空部门可持续性的出版物。并对今后的研究提出了建议。该研究包括对2001年至2023年间发表的123篇科学论文的文献计量学分析。调查结果揭示了航空可持续性研究的重要趋势、有影响力的作者和领先机构,同时也确定了文献中的空白。关键词分析揭示了诸如能源效率、减排和生命周期评估等反复出现的主题。这些研究结果突显了航空业对可持续发展的日益重视,以及进一步研究和采取实际措施以确保民用航空在环境上更具可持续性的未来的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Macroeconomic Determinants of Financial Failure Risk in Airlines 航空公司财务失败风险的宏观经济决定因素
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1349293
Abdulkadir ALICI
The objective of this study is to identify the macroeconomic factors that influence the risk of financial failure in the aviation industry. Within the parameters of the study, a sample of 11irline firms operating between 2009 and 2019 was analyzed to determine the factors influencing the likelihood of financial failure. The cost of fuel, interest rates, inflation rates, and currency rates were utilized as macroeconomic variables that could have an impact on airline enterprises' ability to meet ends. Financial data and macroeconomic data of the airline companies in the sample were obtained from Thomson Reuters Eikon Datastream. The methodology of the study consists of 2 stages. In the first stage, Altman Z'' Score method is used. Then, panel data analysis method is preferred to reveal the relationship between financial failure and macroeconomic factors. According to the findings of the random effects panel data study, exchange rates and interest rates have a negative impact on financial failure. The results of the changes in interest and exchange rates suggest that governments and airlines should concentrate on policies that will strengthen the aviation sector’s financial viability. To manage these risks more effectively, financial managers must closely examine the effects of rising macroeconomic risk and the corresponding financial failure effects. Airline managers, private and institutional investors should monitor policy uncertainty, assuming that exchange rate uncertainty is a driving force in financial failure. In addition, airline companies should review their hedging strategies against exchange rate risk.
本研究的目的是确定影响航空业财务失败风险的宏观经济因素。在研究的参数范围内,分析了2009年至2019年期间运营的11家航空公司的样本,以确定影响财务失败可能性的因素。燃料成本、利率、通货膨胀率和货币汇率被用作可能影响航空公司实现目标能力的宏观经济变量。样本中航空公司的财务数据和宏观经济数据来自汤森路透Eikon数据流。研究方法分为两个阶段。第一阶段采用Altman Z”Score法。其次,采用面板数据分析法揭示财务失败与宏观经济因素之间的关系。随机效应面板数据研究发现,汇率和利率对财务失败具有负向影响。利率和汇率变化的结果表明,各国政府和航空公司应把重点放在加强航空业财务可行性的政策上。为了更有效地管理这些风险,财务经理必须仔细研究不断上升的宏观经济风险和相应的金融失败效应的影响。航空公司经理、私人和机构投资者应该监控政策的不确定性,假设汇率的不确定性是导致财务失败的一个驱动因素。此外,航空公司应检讨其对冲汇率风险的策略。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Aviation Management Students’ Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) Levels on Unemployment Anxiety 航空管理专业学生错失恐惧(FoMO)水平对失业焦虑的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1315339
Onur TAYFUN
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the fear of missing out levels of aviation management undergraduate students have an impact on their unemployment anxiety. In this study, explanatory research method was applied. In this direction, a questionnaire was applied to the students of the aviation management department of a foundation university. The sample of the research consists of 137 undergraduate aviation management students. The data obtained as a result of the applied questionnaire were analyzed with the SPSS 25.0 package program. Exploratory factor analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA analysis, pearson correlation analysis and cluster analysis were used in the study. As a result of the analyzes carried out, it was concluded that aviation management students' fear of missing out has an effect on unemployment anxiety.
本研究的目的在于确定航空管理本科学生的失分恐惧水平是否对其失业焦虑有影响。本研究采用解释研究方法。在此方向上,我们对某基础大学航空管理系的学生进行了问卷调查。本研究的样本包括137名航空管理专业的本科生。采用SPSS 25.0软件包程序对问卷调查所得数据进行分析。研究采用探索性因素分析、独立t检验、单因素方差分析、pearson相关分析和聚类分析。通过分析得出,航空管理专业学生的错失恐惧对失业焦虑有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Customised Holiday Experiences through Artificial Intelligence: Case Studies from the Aviation and Hospitality Sectors 通过人工智能定制假日体验:航空和酒店业案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1351472
Cemil GÜNDÜZ
This article explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the aviation and hospitality industries, both of which are rapidly evolving due to technological advancements. It aims to understand the increasing importance of artificial intelligence by examining the various ways in which it is used in these sectors through qualitative research. The research included an analysis of online sources such as airport and hotel websites, booking platforms, and social media accounts of travel-related businesses. This comprehensive data collection provides insight into the various applications of artificial intelligence in tourism. Thematic analysis was then used to categorise the data according to similar uses, providing a detailed understanding of the role of AI in these areas. It compares and examines artificial intelligence applications adopted by aviation and hospitality organisations, evaluating their effectiveness and differences. The study reveals the various ways in which AI is being integrated into these industries and highlights its significant contributions across various dimensions. It also highlights how AI can deliver competitive advantage, improve customer experiences, and introduce innovative paradigms to the aviation and hospitality industries. One important aspect of the research is its ability to provide a deeper understanding of emerging AI trends in these sectors and lay a strong foundation for future research. Ultimately, this study provides valuable insight to stakeholders in aviation and hospitality, equipping them with an informed perspective on leveraging AI for growth and long-term sustainability in their respective industries
本文探讨了人工智能(AI)对航空和酒店业的影响,由于技术进步,这两个行业都在迅速发展。它旨在通过定性研究来研究人工智能在这些领域中使用的各种方式,从而了解人工智能日益增长的重要性。该研究包括对机场和酒店网站、预订平台以及旅游相关企业的社交媒体账户等在线资源的分析。这种全面的数据收集提供了对人工智能在旅游业中的各种应用的见解。然后使用主题分析来根据类似的用途对数据进行分类,提供对AI在这些领域中的作用的详细理解。它比较和检查了航空和酒店组织采用的人工智能应用,评估了它们的有效性和差异。该研究揭示了人工智能融入这些行业的各种方式,并强调了其在各个方面的重大贡献。它还强调了人工智能如何提供竞争优势,改善客户体验,并为航空和酒店业引入创新模式。这项研究的一个重要方面是它能够更深入地了解这些领域的新兴人工智能趋势,并为未来的研究奠定坚实的基础。最终,本研究为航空和酒店业的利益相关者提供了宝贵的见解,使他们能够了解如何利用人工智能促进各自行业的增长和长期可持续发展
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引用次数: 0
Machine vs. Deep Learning for the UK air passenger short-term demand forecasting: A Destination Insight approach 英国航空旅客短期需求预测的机器与深度学习:目的地洞察方法
Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.30518/jav.1351229
Bahri Baran KOÇAK
Web search queries become essential drivers to forecast air passenger demand for operational benefits. Scholars and marketing experts. Forecasting passenger demand is one of the most important marketing problems that experts frequently encounter, but there are very few studies in the literature using search queries. The main novelty of this study is to show that Destination Insight (DI) can be useful as an air passenger demand proxy in the UK. To prove this primary objective, this work uses several machine and deep learning multi-layer perceptron (MLP) methods based on a big-data framework. The findings indicate that DI is a crucial predictor of the UK air passenger demand. Besides, popular error metrics (RMSE, MAPE, MAD and AIC) were compared to find the best model in this study. Specifically, results indicate that MLP following feed forward neural networks works better for the UK air passenger market.
网络搜索查询成为预测航空乘客对运营利益需求的重要驱动因素。学者和营销专家。预测乘客需求是专家们经常遇到的最重要的营销问题之一,但文献中很少有使用搜索查询的研究。这项研究的主要新颖之处在于,它表明目的地洞察(DI)可以作为英国航空乘客需求的代理。为了证明这一主要目标,这项工作使用了基于大数据框架的几种机器和深度学习多层感知器(MLP)方法。研究结果表明,DI是英国航空乘客需求的重要预测指标。此外,比较了常用的误差度量(RMSE, MAPE, MAD和AIC),以寻找本研究的最佳模型。具体而言,结果表明MLP跟随前馈神经网络对英国航空客运市场效果更好。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
The Journal of aviation medicine
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