Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-10
I. Matveeva, T. A. Skotnikova, L. A. Neminushchaia, N. K. Eremets, V. I. Eremets, E. Markova, P. Krasochko
One of the branches of domestic biotechnology is the production of immunobiological drugs, including vaccines for medical and veterinary purposes. Despite the general decline observed in the global economy in recent years, the pharmaceutical market is developing. In 2020, the biological drug market could exceed $250 billion. In the Russian Federation and the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, serious actions are being taken to harmonize national regulatory requirements with international rules and foreign control systems in the field of the production of immunobiological drugs and quality control. It should be noted the price availability of domestic vaccines, their high adaptation to the Russian epizootic situation, since they were created on the basis of strains characteristic of the territory of the country and the Eurasian continent. For the prevention of diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, anthrax, trichophytia, microsporia, brucellosis, domestic vaccines are used in Russia. The main component of the strategy for the production of veterinary vaccines to increase competition of products is ensuring their quality. Products of Russian companies that do not have the practice of applying international standards cannot be competitive. This leads to the loss of the domestic market. Currently, regulatory documents of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union have established uniform requirements for the organization of the production and quality control of medicines for medical and veterinary use. Within the framework of these documents, areas related to the development and certification of standard samples of various levels are actively developing, the purpose of which is to quantify the specific activity of drugs and the metrological characteristics of the methods used to evaluate quality, stability indicators, as well as control of auxiliary substances. The use of auxiliary substances and pharmaceutical substances is regulated by regulatory documentation: GF, FFS, FS, FSP or industry standards. This is necessary, since heterogeneity of drug quality parameters is possible due to various factors, including uncontrolled and uncontrolled.
{"title":"Requirements for standard viral vaccine samples for veterinary medicine","authors":"I. Matveeva, T. A. Skotnikova, L. A. Neminushchaia, N. K. Eremets, V. I. Eremets, E. Markova, P. Krasochko","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-10","url":null,"abstract":"One of the branches of domestic biotechnology is the production of immunobiological drugs, including vaccines for medical and veterinary purposes. Despite the general decline observed in the global economy in recent years, the pharmaceutical market is developing. In 2020, the biological drug market could exceed $250 billion. In the Russian Federation and the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, serious actions are being taken to harmonize national regulatory requirements with international rules and foreign control systems in the field of the production of immunobiological drugs and quality control. It should be noted the price availability of domestic vaccines, their high adaptation to the Russian epizootic situation, since they were created on the basis of strains characteristic of the territory of the country and the Eurasian continent. For the prevention of diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, anthrax, trichophytia, microsporia, brucellosis, domestic vaccines are used in Russia. The main component of the strategy for the production of veterinary vaccines to increase competition of products is ensuring their quality. Products of Russian companies that do not have the practice of applying international standards cannot be competitive. This leads to the loss of the domestic market. Currently, regulatory documents of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union have established uniform requirements for the organization of the production and quality control of medicines for medical and veterinary use. Within the framework of these documents, areas related to the development and certification of standard samples of various levels are actively developing, the purpose of which is to quantify the specific activity of drugs and the metrological characteristics of the methods used to evaluate quality, stability indicators, as well as control of auxiliary substances. The use of auxiliary substances and pharmaceutical substances is regulated by regulatory documentation: GF, FFS, FS, FSP or industry standards. This is necessary, since heterogeneity of drug quality parameters is possible due to various factors, including uncontrolled and uncontrolled.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47527165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-5
V. Klyukina, L. S. Lyulkova, O. V. Anisina, K. A. Glinsky, V. Lobanova, M. S. Svyatenko
This article presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies conjugated with fluorescein, freeze-dried. Immunobiological products lyophilization is one of the most reliable ways to preserve their physicochemical and biological properties, since this is a soft drying method, in which the dried product is frozen, then it is placed in a vacuum chamber, where the solvent is sublimated. Lyophilization allows you to get drugs without losing their shape, structural integrity and more importantly, without losing their biological activity. The study aimed to standardize methods for the purification of FITC conjugates, as well as reagents used in the production and drying of FITC conjugates. We used conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies labeled with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITZ) obtained by hyperimmunization of sheep and rams using an immunostimulant. We tested the ability of various concentrations of dextran T-70 to retain the specific activity of fluorescent conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies when added dextran T-70 to them before the lyophilization. To determine the optimal amount of T-70 dextran filler, prepared 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% solutions in 10mm phosphate-salt solution. We found that the effectiveness of dextran T-70 as a filler substance in the lyophilization of FITC conjugates depends on its concentration. The optimal stabilizing vehicle for lyophilization of both fluorescent conjugates is 2-3% concentration of dextran T-70 in 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline. Analysis of the results of the quality of FITZ-conjugates allows us to conclude about the high quality of biological products prepared during freeze-drying of the material in the developed temperature regime using dextran T-70 as a filler substance. As a result of the studies, the technology for the preparation of lyophilized FITC conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies for diagnostic test systems was optimized. The specific activity and stability of the physicochemical characteristics of the preparations after lyophilization and during subsequent storage for two years were observed.
{"title":"Efficiency of fluorescein-conjugated anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies freeze-dried","authors":"V. Klyukina, L. S. Lyulkova, O. V. Anisina, K. A. Glinsky, V. Lobanova, M. S. Svyatenko","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies conjugated with fluorescein, freeze-dried. Immunobiological products lyophilization is one of the most reliable ways to preserve their physicochemical and biological properties, since this is a soft drying method, in which the dried product is frozen, then it is placed in a vacuum chamber, where the solvent is sublimated. Lyophilization allows you to get drugs without losing their shape, structural integrity and more importantly, without losing their biological activity. The study aimed to standardize methods for the purification of FITC conjugates, as well as reagents used in the production and drying of FITC conjugates. We used conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies labeled with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITZ) obtained by hyperimmunization of sheep and rams using an immunostimulant. We tested the ability of various concentrations of dextran T-70 to retain the specific activity of fluorescent conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies when added dextran T-70 to them before the lyophilization. To determine the optimal amount of T-70 dextran filler, prepared 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% solutions in 10mm phosphate-salt solution. We found that the effectiveness of dextran T-70 as a filler substance in the lyophilization of FITC conjugates depends on its concentration. The optimal stabilizing vehicle for lyophilization of both fluorescent conjugates is 2-3% concentration of dextran T-70 in 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline. Analysis of the results of the quality of FITZ-conjugates allows us to conclude about the high quality of biological products prepared during freeze-drying of the material in the developed temperature regime using dextran T-70 as a filler substance. As a result of the studies, the technology for the preparation of lyophilized FITC conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies for diagnostic test systems was optimized. The specific activity and stability of the physicochemical characteristics of the preparations after lyophilization and during subsequent storage for two years were observed.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44792117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-1
A. Zaberezhny
The main activities of FGBNU VNITIBP are the development and improvement of industrial production technologies for effective means of prevention and treatment of animal diseases, the creation of test systems for rapid indication and identification of biological agents for the prevention and treatment of animal diseases, including birds. The Institute is responsible for scientific and technological progress in the field of biotechnological production. The article analyzes the achievements of the Institute over 50 years and outlines a program for further research.
{"title":"Scientific basis for the development and production of biologics in VNITIBP","authors":"A. Zaberezhny","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"The main activities of FGBNU VNITIBP are the development and improvement of industrial production technologies for effective means of prevention and treatment of animal diseases, the creation of test systems for rapid indication and identification of biological agents for the prevention and treatment of animal diseases, including birds. The Institute is responsible for scientific and technological progress in the field of biotechnological production. The article analyzes the achievements of the Institute over 50 years and outlines a program for further research.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44237386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-2
A. I. Albulov, M. Frolova, A. V. Grin, A. Eliseev, A. Abramov
From the point of view of solving the problem of feed supply in fur farming, the use of biologically active additives that normalize the protein balance is of great interest. The hydrolyzate obtained by the technology developed by us from the waste of fur farming is a highly digestible protein, is characterized by a high content of amine nitrogen, and contains all non-replaceable amino acids. The introduction of hydrolyzate from sable muscle tissue into the main diet of minks allowed to reduce by 1.3 times the number of missing female minks, to increase the yield of mink puppies per main female, increase the viability of the offspring. The efficiency of feeding the protein hydrolyzate in the diet of caged minks was assessed by the commercial properties of the skins. The most important indicators are the thickness of the skin and the ratio of its layers, on which the duration of processing of raw materials during production operations and indicators of the physical and mechanical properties of the skins depend. Analysis of the obtained measurements made it possible to conclude that feeding with protein hydrolyzate led to an increase in the thickness of the skin of various topographic areas of mink skins. The maximum value of the epidermis thickness was observed on the rump part, the minimum - on the spinal region, while the maximum number of guard hairs was noted on the spinal part, the minimum - on the lateral part of the mink skins. Thus, the results obtained indicate the effectiveness of using a protein hydrolyzate to stimulate the reproductive function of minks and improve the commercial properties of animal skins.
{"title":"The efficiency of using protein hydro-lyzate to stimulate the reproductive function of minks and improve the commercial properties of animal skins","authors":"A. I. Albulov, M. Frolova, A. V. Grin, A. Eliseev, A. Abramov","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"From the point of view of solving the problem of feed supply in fur farming, the use of biologically active additives that normalize the protein balance is of great interest. The hydrolyzate obtained by the technology developed by us from the waste of fur farming is a highly digestible protein, is characterized by a high content of amine nitrogen, and contains all non-replaceable amino acids. The introduction of hydrolyzate from sable muscle tissue into the main diet of minks allowed to reduce by 1.3 times the number of missing female minks, to increase the yield of mink puppies per main female, increase the viability of the offspring. The efficiency of feeding the protein hydrolyzate in the diet of caged minks was assessed by the commercial properties of the skins. The most important indicators are the thickness of the skin and the ratio of its layers, on which the duration of processing of raw materials during production operations and indicators of the physical and mechanical properties of the skins depend. Analysis of the obtained measurements made it possible to conclude that feeding with protein hydrolyzate led to an increase in the thickness of the skin of various topographic areas of mink skins. The maximum value of the epidermis thickness was observed on the rump part, the minimum - on the spinal region, while the maximum number of guard hairs was noted on the spinal part, the minimum - on the lateral part of the mink skins. Thus, the results obtained indicate the effectiveness of using a protein hydrolyzate to stimulate the reproductive function of minks and improve the commercial properties of animal skins.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44903198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-17
Y. P. Yaromchyk, P. Krasochko, P. Krasochko, V. M. Eremets, T. A. Skotnikova
The main rules for choosing the means of specific prophylactic against colibacillosis (escherichiosis) in cattle is the need to match the antigenic spectrum of the vaccine strains with epizootic strains isolated by diagnostic veteri-nary institutions from pathological material taken from dead calves. Only in this case one should expect high results of the preventive efficacy of the applied vac-cines. The design of vaccines based on pathogenicity factors of bacterias is the most promising direction in the development of new bioproducts of specific pre-vention of infectious diseases of farm animals. Researchs in the areas to choice the optimal doses and ratios of monocompo-nents, determining the optimal immunizing dose, and choosing a adjuvant is an im-portant part of research work on the creation of vaccines. We completed work to establish the optimal dose when using the associated vaccine against rota-, coronavirus infection and colibacillosis of cattle by vaccinat-ing cows in different doses of the test vaccine. Subsequently, serological studies of the blood of animals were carried out, according to the results of which the indica-tors of the best immune response were determined by comparing the established levels of biosynthesis of specific antibodies from animals of the experimental and control groups. A number of indicators of possible reactogenicity of the tested vac-cine were also studied. When conducting studies of blood serum of cows, the indi-rect hemagglutination reaction and agglutination reaction were performed. Serolog-ical blood tests carried out were accompanied by the necessary controls to ensure the reliability of the results. According to the results of studies of blood serum of cows in the experimental groups, immunization of cows with an associated vaccine against rota-, coronavirus infection and colibacillosis of cattle in different volumes led to a significant level of antiviral and antibacterial antibodies. The optimum dose for virus antigens with infectious titres from 7,0 lg and 5,5-TCI50/sm3 for vaccinated cows forms 1,5 sm3 for each viral monocomponents. The optimum dose for each vaccine strains E.coli F4, F5, Аtt25, F41 and 987P forms from 1,5-2,5 milliard bacterial cells for each bacterial monocomponents.
{"title":"Selection the optimal dose of application associated vaccine against rota-, coronavirus infection and colibacillosis in calves","authors":"Y. P. Yaromchyk, P. Krasochko, P. Krasochko, V. M. Eremets, T. A. Skotnikova","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-17","url":null,"abstract":"The main rules for choosing the means of specific prophylactic against colibacillosis (escherichiosis) in cattle is the need to match the antigenic spectrum of the vaccine strains with epizootic strains isolated by diagnostic veteri-nary institutions from pathological material taken from dead calves. Only in this case one should expect high results of the preventive efficacy of the applied vac-cines. The design of vaccines based on pathogenicity factors of bacterias is the most promising direction in the development of new bioproducts of specific pre-vention of infectious diseases of farm animals. Researchs in the areas to choice the optimal doses and ratios of monocompo-nents, determining the optimal immunizing dose, and choosing a adjuvant is an im-portant part of research work on the creation of vaccines. We completed work to establish the optimal dose when using the associated vaccine against rota-, coronavirus infection and colibacillosis of cattle by vaccinat-ing cows in different doses of the test vaccine. Subsequently, serological studies of the blood of animals were carried out, according to the results of which the indica-tors of the best immune response were determined by comparing the established levels of biosynthesis of specific antibodies from animals of the experimental and control groups. A number of indicators of possible reactogenicity of the tested vac-cine were also studied. When conducting studies of blood serum of cows, the indi-rect hemagglutination reaction and agglutination reaction were performed. Serolog-ical blood tests carried out were accompanied by the necessary controls to ensure the reliability of the results. According to the results of studies of blood serum of cows in the experimental groups, immunization of cows with an associated vaccine against rota-, coronavirus infection and colibacillosis of cattle in different volumes led to a significant level of antiviral and antibacterial antibodies. The optimum dose for virus antigens with infectious titres from 7,0 lg and 5,5-TCI50/sm3 for vaccinated cows forms 1,5 sm3 for each viral monocomponents. The optimum dose for each vaccine strains E.coli F4, F5, Аtt25, F41 and 987P forms from 1,5-2,5 milliard bacterial cells for each bacterial monocomponents.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42333640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-11
R. Melnik, N. S. Klyushentseva, N. Melnik
The article is devoted to the problems of diagnostics of poultry typhoid fever and the development of a technology for the manufacture of diagnosticum against this disease. A method of making erythrocyte diagnosticum for the diagnosis of poultry typhoid fever is shown, including obtaining the bacterial mass of Salmonella pullorum-gallinarum, isolating the antigenic fraction from it by treating the bacterial mass with a surfactant with the addition of soda or alkali in distilled water at 93-96 °C, followed by sensitization of formalinized erythrocytes, their purification and obtaining the target product in the form of 10% suspension, characterized in that 1-1.5% aqueous solution of Desmol is used as a surfactant to isolate the antigenic fraction, taken in a final weight concentration of 0, 1-0.3%, and the sensitization of formalinized erythrocytes is carried out in the presence of the sodium salt of chitosan succinate taken in a final weight concentration of 0.5-1.5%. In the industrial production of the diagnosticum at the initial stage, the bacterial suspension was necessarily mixed and the optical concentration was measured photometrically. The concentration of the surfactant solution was adjusted to 25 ml of microbial cells in 1 ml. At the second stage, antigen-sensitin was obtained and stored at 4 ° C. Sheep erythrocytes were used for sensitization. At the third stage, 20% formalized ram erythrocytes were obtained. Formalized erythrocytes were washed five times until the supernatant was completely cleared and sensitized. At the fourth stage, 300-500 ml was added to 1 liter of erythrocyte suspension for sensitization. sensitin and kept in a water bath at a temperature of 600С. At the fifth stage, the sensitized erythrocytes were washed to remove residual sensitin not associated with erythrocytes. Obtaining highly effective erythrocyte diagnostics for the diagnosis of avian pullorosis typhoid is an urgent problem. We have produced, improved and optimized the technology of industrial production of erythrocyte pullor antigen from the Salmonella pullorum-gallinarum strain for the diagnosis of avian pullorosis-typhus. We have theoretically substantiated and tested in production conditions a new method of resuspension, extraction, clarification of the bacterial mass. Used surfactants (surfactants) to obtain sensitin.
{"title":"Development and manufacture of erythrocyte pullorosis diagnosticum for the diagnosis of avian pullorosis typhoid","authors":"R. Melnik, N. S. Klyushentseva, N. Melnik","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-11","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problems of diagnostics of poultry typhoid fever and the development of a technology for the manufacture of diagnosticum against this disease. A method of making erythrocyte diagnosticum for the diagnosis of poultry typhoid fever is shown, including obtaining the bacterial mass of Salmonella pullorum-gallinarum, isolating the antigenic fraction from it by treating the bacterial mass with a surfactant with the addition of soda or alkali in distilled water at 93-96 °C, followed by sensitization of formalinized erythrocytes, their purification and obtaining the target product in the form of 10% suspension, characterized in that 1-1.5% aqueous solution of Desmol is used as a surfactant to isolate the antigenic fraction, taken in a final weight concentration of 0, 1-0.3%, and the sensitization of formalinized erythrocytes is carried out in the presence of the sodium salt of chitosan succinate taken in a final weight concentration of 0.5-1.5%. In the industrial production of the diagnosticum at the initial stage, the bacterial suspension was necessarily mixed and the optical concentration was measured photometrically. The concentration of the surfactant solution was adjusted to 25 ml of microbial cells in 1 ml. At the second stage, antigen-sensitin was obtained and stored at 4 ° C. Sheep erythrocytes were used for sensitization. At the third stage, 20% formalized ram erythrocytes were obtained. Formalized erythrocytes were washed five times until the supernatant was completely cleared and sensitized. At the fourth stage, 300-500 ml was added to 1 liter of erythrocyte suspension for sensitization. sensitin and kept in a water bath at a temperature of 600С. At the fifth stage, the sensitized erythrocytes were washed to remove residual sensitin not associated with erythrocytes. Obtaining highly effective erythrocyte diagnostics for the diagnosis of avian pullorosis typhoid is an urgent problem. We have produced, improved and optimized the technology of industrial production of erythrocyte pullor antigen from the Salmonella pullorum-gallinarum strain for the diagnosis of avian pullorosis-typhus. We have theoretically substantiated and tested in production conditions a new method of resuspension, extraction, clarification of the bacterial mass. Used surfactants (surfactants) to obtain sensitin.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43597685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-12
A. Prytychenko, P. Krasochko, N. K. Eremets, O. V. Provotorova
Infectious diseases of young farm animals are a serious problem for the livestock industry. Modern industrial technology of keeping animals, contributing to the emergence of viral diseases, often leads to a decrease in the immunological reactivity of their body, due to the underdevelopment of the immune system of young animals (primary immunodeficiency), food toxicosis, insufficient and unbalanced in various components feeding, as well as the impact of stress factors inherent in industrial technology – rearing animals, transportation, microclimate changing, forming large groups of animals, small feeding area, intensive exploitation. These factors negatively affect the immune system and metabolic processes, which leads to a significant decrease in their resistance to infectious diseases. In turn, the causative agents of viral respiratory diseases inhibit the cellular and humoral components of the immune system. Epizootological monitoring shows that viruses of infectious rhinotracheitis, viral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3 and respiratory syncytial infection in cattle are the main cause of pathological processes in respiratory diseases of young animals. Animal specific prophylactic methods are effective in preventing infectious diseases. Immunization of a pregnant herd promotes the birth of young animals with a full-fledged immune system. In mixed infections, it is difficult to determine the leading role of a particular infectious agent, therefore the most effective method for preventing such diseases is associated vaccines. In the process of designing a vaccine, the selection of antigens and an adjuvant is of great importance, contributing to the formation of a specific and long-term immunity. We studied the comparative efficacy of adjuvants and the antigenic activity of the selected viral strains of infectious rhinotracheitis, viral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3 and respiratory syncytial infection of cattle. The dynamics of biosynthesis of antiviral antibodies after immunization in cows were determined.
{"title":"Selection of adjuvants in the design of an inactivated vaccine against respiratory infections of cattle","authors":"A. Prytychenko, P. Krasochko, N. K. Eremets, O. V. Provotorova","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-12","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases of young farm animals are a serious problem for the livestock industry. Modern industrial technology of keeping animals, contributing to the emergence of viral diseases, often leads to a decrease in the immunological reactivity of their body, due to the underdevelopment of the immune system of young animals (primary immunodeficiency), food toxicosis, insufficient and unbalanced in various components feeding, as well as the impact of stress factors inherent in industrial technology – rearing animals, transportation, microclimate changing, forming large groups of animals, small feeding area, intensive exploitation. These factors negatively affect the immune system and metabolic processes, which leads to a significant decrease in their resistance to infectious diseases. In turn, the causative agents of viral respiratory diseases inhibit the cellular and humoral components of the immune system. Epizootological monitoring shows that viruses of infectious rhinotracheitis, viral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3 and respiratory syncytial infection in cattle are the main cause of pathological processes in respiratory diseases of young animals. Animal specific prophylactic methods are effective in preventing infectious diseases. Immunization of a pregnant herd promotes the birth of young animals with a full-fledged immune system. In mixed infections, it is difficult to determine the leading role of a particular infectious agent, therefore the most effective method for preventing such diseases is associated vaccines. In the process of designing a vaccine, the selection of antigens and an adjuvant is of great importance, contributing to the formation of a specific and long-term immunity. We studied the comparative efficacy of adjuvants and the antigenic activity of the selected viral strains of infectious rhinotracheitis, viral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3 and respiratory syncytial infection of cattle. The dynamics of biosynthesis of antiviral antibodies after immunization in cows were determined.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47033532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-14
E. S. Serbis, Matveeva I.N., V. I. Eremets
Тhe aseptic process of industrial production of sterile lyophilized biological products is completed by one of the critical stages of the technological process, the freeze-drying. GOST R ISO 13408-3-2011 defines the term lyophilization as a synonym for the sublimation. Sublimation - the physical process on which the freeze-drying method is based. This paper discusses the issues of freeze drying that engineers and biologists, production technologist, designers of dry preparations, and quality specialists face with. Freeze-drying consists of three stages: freezing, freeze-drying and drying. Each stage has its own critical points, input and output parameters. The task of the developer of freeze-drying technology is to determine the need for each parameter and the sufficiency of their quantity. Equipment, technology and regulatory documents are considered as interdependent elements that make up freeze drying as a system. An integrated approach to the freeze-drying process includes the development of modes, equipment control, and internal documentation. The key parameters of the process are the qualitative and quantitative characteristics (reference values, measurement procedures, acceptable range of values) of the semi-finished liquid product and the finished freeze-dried product. Characteristics of the semi-finished liquid product are the temperature of complete crystallization; upper and lower eutectic temperatures; maximum permissible heating temperature (thermo-lability); density; specific (biological) activity. Freeze-drying process characteristics are: at the freezing stage - reaching the temperature of complete crystallization in the entire volume of the material received for drying; at the sublimation stage - maintaining the temperature in the dried material in the range between the lower and upper eutectic temperatures (without going beyond the upper); at the drying stage - reaching the maximum temperature in the material. The duration of each stage depends on the vial in which the dried material is packed, the volume of packaging, and the features of heat, mass, and energy exchange in the sublimation plant. Standard operating procedures (SOPs) should be designed with these features in mind. For example, for different packages (2ml or 10ml) in vials of the same volume, or for the same packaging in vials of different volumes, for example, 2ml in vial of 10-ml or 20-ml, separate SOPs are required in each case. In the current practice of industrial production, the quality of the lyophilized product is evaluated by humidity (GOST 24061-2012). In our work, to assess the quality of the process, we measured the decrease in the mass of liquid material during drying. We recommend measure both indicators, since they complement each other.
无菌冻干生物制品工业生产的无菌过程是由工艺过程的关键阶段之一——冷冻干燥完成的。GOST R ISO 13408-3-2011将术语冷冻干燥定义为升华的同义词。升华-冷冻干燥方法所基于的物理过程。本文讨论了工程师和生物学家、生产技术专家、干燥制剂设计师和质量专家面临的冷冻干燥问题。冷冻干燥包括三个阶段：冷冻、冷冻干燥和干燥。每个阶段都有自己的临界点、输入和输出参数。冷冻干燥技术开发人员的任务是确定每个参数的需求及其数量的充足性。设备、技术和监管文件被视为构成冷冻干燥系统的相互依存的要素。冷冻干燥过程的综合方法包括开发模式、设备控制和内部文件。该过程的关键参数是液体半成品和冻干成品的定性和定量特征（参考值、测量程序、可接受的值范围）。液体半成品的特征是完全结晶的温度；上下共晶温度；最大允许加热温度（热不稳定性）；密集特异性（生物）活性。冷冻干燥工艺的特点是：在冷冻阶段-达到完全结晶的温度，在整个体积的材料中接受干燥；在升华阶段-将干燥材料的温度保持在低共晶温度和高共晶温度之间的范围内（不超过上限）；在干燥阶段-达到材料的最高温度。每个阶段的持续时间取决于干燥材料包装的小瓶、包装的体积以及升华装置中的热量、质量和能量交换的特征。标准操作程序（SOP）的设计应考虑到这些特点。例如，对于相同体积小瓶中的不同包装（2ml或10ml），或者对于不同体积小瓶中相同包装，例如，10ml或20ml小瓶中的2ml，在每种情况下都需要单独的SOP。在目前的工业生产实践中，冻干产品的质量通过湿度进行评估（GOST 24061-2012）。在我们的工作中，为了评估过程的质量，我们测量了干燥过程中液体材料质量的下降。我们建议衡量这两个指标，因为它们相辅相成。
{"title":"Lyophilization biologicals products. Equipment. Technology. Validation.","authors":"E. S. Serbis, Matveeva I.N., V. I. Eremets","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-14","url":null,"abstract":"Тhe aseptic process of industrial production of sterile lyophilized biological products is completed by one of the critical stages of the technological process, the freeze-drying. GOST R ISO 13408-3-2011 defines the term lyophilization as a synonym for the sublimation. Sublimation - the physical process on which the freeze-drying method is based. This paper discusses the issues of freeze drying that engineers and biologists, production technologist, designers of dry preparations, and quality specialists face with. Freeze-drying consists of three stages: freezing, freeze-drying and drying. Each stage has its own critical points, input and output parameters. The task of the developer of freeze-drying technology is to determine the need for each parameter and the sufficiency of their quantity. Equipment, technology and regulatory documents are considered as interdependent elements that make up freeze drying as a system. An integrated approach to the freeze-drying process includes the development of modes, equipment control, and internal documentation. The key parameters of the process are the qualitative and quantitative characteristics (reference values, measurement procedures, acceptable range of values) of the semi-finished liquid product and the finished freeze-dried product. Characteristics of the semi-finished liquid product are the temperature of complete crystallization; upper and lower eutectic temperatures; maximum permissible heating temperature (thermo-lability); density; specific (biological) activity. Freeze-drying process characteristics are: at the freezing stage - reaching the temperature of complete crystallization in the entire volume of the material received for drying; at the sublimation stage - maintaining the temperature in the dried material in the range between the lower and upper eutectic temperatures (without going beyond the upper); at the drying stage - reaching the maximum temperature in the material. The duration of each stage depends on the vial in which the dried material is packed, the volume of packaging, and the features of heat, mass, and energy exchange in the sublimation plant. Standard operating procedures (SOPs) should be designed with these features in mind. For example, for different packages (2ml or 10ml) in vials of the same volume, or for the same packaging in vials of different volumes, for example, 2ml in vial of 10-ml or 20-ml, separate SOPs are required in each case. In the current practice of industrial production, the quality of the lyophilized product is evaluated by humidity (GOST 24061-2012). In our work, to assess the quality of the process, we measured the decrease in the mass of liquid material during drying. We recommend measure both indicators, since they complement each other.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42476125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-16
M. Frolova, A. I. Albulov, E. Kovaleva, A. Eliseev, A. V. Grin
Unfavorable environmental factors: pesticides, chemicals, poor nutrition of bee colonies lead to a decrease in the bee's immune defense. Currently, there is a continuous search for biologically active substances that stimulate the vital activity of bees and increase the egg-laying of queens. Analysis of scientific sources data has shown high efficiency for stimulating the viability and increasing the productivity of bees of such biologically active additives as chitosan and its derivatives, probiotic strains of bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus Lichineformis, as well as sources of vital amino acids. The experience accumulated to date in the use of chitosan and its derivatives in veterinary medicine makes it possible to classify chitosan as an effective adaptogen with multifunctional properties capable of providing the body's resistance to numerous adverse environmental factors and pathogens of various diseases. Due to the excess positive charge, chitosan acquires the properties of a highly active anionite. It binds and firmly holds ions of various heavy metals, radioactive isotopes, toxic elements with their subsequent removal from the body of animals, including bees. Chitosan and its derivatives have high antibacterial, sorption, fungicidal, antiviral activity, being a natural biocompatible product that is biodegradable to CO2 and H2O and does not pollute the environment. To stimulate the vital activity of bees and increase the egg-laying of queens, stimulating protein supplements are needed to cover the lack of vital amino acids, probiotic preparations that improve the microbiocenosis of the intestines of bees, sugar syrup. Earlier, at the preliminary stage of research, we developed a recipe for stimulating feeding for bees "BiChit", which includes low molecular weight chitosan, chitosan succinate, dry bacterial mass of Bacillus subtilis VKM B-2716D and Bacillus licheniformis VKM B-2717D, lactose-free edible glucose hydrolyzate, lactose-free whey. In this work, the influence of the multifunctional stimulating feeding "BiHit" on the economically useful traits of bee colonies based on private apiaries in the Moscow region and the Republic of Crimea has been studied. Studies have shown a positive effect of feeding on family strength, brood and honey production.
{"title":"Experience of using stimulating feeding for honey bees \"BiHit\" in the Moscow region and the Republic of Crimea","authors":"M. Frolova, A. I. Albulov, E. Kovaleva, A. Eliseev, A. V. Grin","doi":"10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/ATT-VK-1814-9588-2021-1-16","url":null,"abstract":"Unfavorable environmental factors: pesticides, chemicals, poor nutrition of bee colonies lead to a decrease in the bee's immune defense. Currently, there is a continuous search for biologically active substances that stimulate the vital activity of bees and increase the egg-laying of queens. Analysis of scientific sources data has shown high efficiency for stimulating the viability and increasing the productivity of bees of such biologically active additives as chitosan and its derivatives, probiotic strains of bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus Lichineformis, as well as sources of vital amino acids. The experience accumulated to date in the use of chitosan and its derivatives in veterinary medicine makes it possible to classify chitosan as an effective adaptogen with multifunctional properties capable of providing the body's resistance to numerous adverse environmental factors and pathogens of various diseases. Due to the excess positive charge, chitosan acquires the properties of a highly active anionite. It binds and firmly holds ions of various heavy metals, radioactive isotopes, toxic elements with their subsequent removal from the body of animals, including bees. Chitosan and its derivatives have high antibacterial, sorption, fungicidal, antiviral activity, being a natural biocompatible product that is biodegradable to CO2 and H2O and does not pollute the environment. To stimulate the vital activity of bees and increase the egg-laying of queens, stimulating protein supplements are needed to cover the lack of vital amino acids, probiotic preparations that improve the microbiocenosis of the intestines of bees, sugar syrup. Earlier, at the preliminary stage of research, we developed a recipe for stimulating feeding for bees \"BiChit\", which includes low molecular weight chitosan, chitosan succinate, dry bacterial mass of Bacillus subtilis VKM B-2716D and Bacillus licheniformis VKM B-2717D, lactose-free edible glucose hydrolyzate, lactose-free whey. In this work, the influence of the multifunctional stimulating feeding \"BiHit\" on the economically useful traits of bee colonies based on private apiaries in the Moscow region and the Republic of Crimea has been studied. Studies have shown a positive effect of feeding on family strength, brood and honey production.","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46842197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2020-7-11
G. Nadtochey, S. Vangeli
{"title":"Chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids - a prion epizootic threatening the Northern territories of Russia","authors":"G. Nadtochey, S. Vangeli","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2020-7-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2020-7-11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8625,"journal":{"name":"Athletic Therapy Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49059672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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