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Extending the Research Data Toolkit: Data Curation Primers 扩展研究数据工具箱:数据管理入门
Pub Date : 2020-08-19 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.713
Cynthia Hudson-Vitale, H. Hadley, Jennifer E. Moore, L. Johnston, Wendy A. Kozlowski, J. Carlson, Mara Blake, Joel Herndon
Niche and proprietary data formats used in cutting-edge research and technology have specific curation considerations and challenges. The increased demand for subject liaisons, library archivists, and digital curators to curate this variety of data types created locally at an institution or organization poses difficulties. Subject liaisons possess discipline knowledge and expertise for a given domain or discipline and digital curation experts know how to properly steward data assets generally. Yet, a gap often exists between the expertise available within the organization and local curation needs. While many institutions and organizations have expertise in certain domains and areas, oftentimes the heterogeneous data types received for deposit extend beyond this expertise. Additionally, evolving research methods and new, cutting-edge technology used in research often result in unfamiliar and niche data formats received for deposit. Knowing how to ‘get-started’ in curating these file types and formats can be a particular challenge. To address this need, the data curation community have been developing a new set of tools - data curation primers. These primers are evolving documents that detail a specific subject, disciplinary area or curation task, and that can be used as a reference or jump-start to curating research data. This paper will provide background on the data curation primers and their content detail the process of their development, highlight the data curation primers published to date, emphasize how curators can incorporate these resources into workflows, and show curators how they can get involved and share their own expertise.
前沿研究和技术中使用的利基和专有数据格式具有特定的策展考虑和挑战。对学科联络员、图书馆档案管理员和数字管理员的需求增加,以管理机构或组织在本地创建的各种数据类型,这带来了困难。主题联络员拥有特定领域或学科的学科知识和专业知识,数字管理专家知道如何正确管理数据资产。然而,组织内部可用的专业知识与当地策展需求之间往往存在差距。虽然许多机构和组织在某些领域和领域具有专门知识,但通常接收到的用于存储的异构数据类型超出了这种专门知识。此外,不断发展的研究方法和研究中使用的新的尖端技术往往导致接收到的数据格式不熟悉和小众。知道如何“开始”管理这些文件类型和格式可能是一个特别的挑战。为了满足这一需求,数据管理社区一直在开发一套新的工具——数据管理入门。这些引物是不断发展的文档,详细说明了特定的主题,学科领域或策展任务,可以用作参考或启动策展研究数据。本文将提供数据策展入门的背景及其内容,详细介绍其开发过程,重点介绍迄今为止出版的数据策展入门,强调策展人如何将这些资源纳入工作流程,并向策展人展示他们如何参与并分享自己的专业知识。
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引用次数: 0
Inter-Organisational Coordination Work in Digital Curation: the Case of Eurobarometer 数字策展的组织间协调工作:以Eurobarometer为例
Pub Date : 2020-08-12 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.707
K. Eschenfelder, K. Shankar
Open research is predicated upon seamless access to curated research data. Major national and European funding schemes, such as Horizon Europe, strongly encourage or require publicly funded data to be FAIR  - that is, Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (Wilkinson, 2016). What underpins such initiatives are the many data organizations and repositories working with their stakeholders and each other to establish policies and practices, implement them, and do the curatorial work to increase the available, discoverability, and accessibility of high quality research data. However, such work has often been invisible and underfunded, necessitating creative and collaborative solutions. In this paper, we briefly describe how one such case from social science data: the processing of the Eurobarometer data set. Using content analysis of administrative documents and interviews, we detail how European data archives managed the tensions of curatorial work across borders and jurisdictions from the 1970s to the mid-2000s, the challenges that they faced in distributing work, and the solutions they found. In particular, we look at the interactions of the Council of European Social Science Data Archives (CESSDA) and social science data organizations (DO) like UKDA, ICPSR, and GESIS and the institutional and organizational collaborations that made Eurobarometer “too big to fail”. We describe some of the invisible work that they underwent in the past in making data in Europe findable, accessible, interoperable, and conclude with implications for “frictionless” data access and reuse today.  
开放研究是基于对精心策划的研究数据的无缝访问。主要的国家和欧洲资助计划,如Horizon Europe,强烈鼓励或要求公共资助的数据是公平的——即可查找、可访问、可互操作、可重用(Wilkinson, 2016)。支持这些举措的是许多数据组织和存储库与其利益相关者以及彼此合作,建立政策和实践,实施这些政策和实践,并进行管理工作,以增加高质量研究数据的可用性、可发现性和可访问性。然而,这些工作往往是无形的,资金不足,需要创造性和协作性的解决方案。在本文中,我们简要地描述了如何从社会科学数据的一个这样的案例:处理欧洲晴雨表数据集。通过对行政文件和访谈的内容分析,我们详细介绍了从20世纪70年代到21世纪头十年中期,欧洲数据档案馆如何管理跨国界和司法管辖区的策展工作的紧张关系,他们在分配工作时面临的挑战,以及他们找到的解决方案。我们特别关注了欧洲社会科学数据档案委员会(CESSDA)和社会科学数据组织(DO)(如UKDA、ICPSR和GESIS)之间的相互作用,以及使欧洲晴雨表“大到不能倒”的机构和组织合作。我们描述了他们过去为使欧洲的数据可查找、可访问、可互操作所做的一些无形的工作,并总结了今天对“无摩擦”数据访问和重用的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Co-Creating Autonomy: Group Data Protection and Individual Self-determination within a Data Commons 共同创造自治:数据共享中的群体数据保护和个人自决
Pub Date : 2020-08-11 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.714
Janis Wong, Tristan Henderson
Recent privacy scandals such as Cambridge Analytica and the Nightingale Project show that data sharing must be carefully managed and regulated to prevent data misuse. Data protection law, legal frameworks, and technological solutions tend to focus on controller responsibilities as opposed to protecting data subjects from the beginning of the data collection process. Using a case study of how data subjects can be better protected during data curation, we propose that a co-created data commons can protect individual autonomy over personal data through collective curation and rebalance power between data subjects and controllers.  
最近的隐私丑闻,如剑桥分析公司和南丁格尔项目表明,必须仔细管理和监管数据共享,以防止数据滥用。数据保护法、法律框架和技术解决方案倾向于关注控制者的责任,而不是从数据收集过程的一开始就保护数据主体。通过对数据主体如何在数据管理过程中得到更好保护的案例研究,我们提出共同创建的数据公地可以通过集体管理保护个人数据的自主权,并重新平衡数据主体和控制者之间的权力。
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引用次数: 2
"You say potato, I say potato" Mapping Digital Preservation and Research Data Management Concepts towards Collective Curation and Preservation Strategies “你说土豆,我说土豆”:将数字保存和研究数据管理概念映射到集体策展和保存策略
Pub Date : 2020-08-09 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.728
Michelle Lindlar, Pia Rudnik, Sarah Jones, Laurence Horton
This paper explores models, concepts and terminology used in the Research Data Management and Digital Preservation communities. In doing so we identify several overlaps and mutual concerns where the advancements of one professional field can apply to and assist another. By focusing on what unites rather than divides us, and by adopting a more holistic approach we advance towards collective curation and preservation strategies.  
本文探讨了研究数据管理和数字保存社区中使用的模型、概念和术语。在这样做的过程中,我们确定了几个重叠和共同关注的问题,其中一个专业领域的进步可以应用并帮助另一个专业领域。通过关注团结而不是分裂我们的东西,通过采用更全面的方法,我们向集体策展和保存策略迈进。
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引用次数: 0
Extending Support for Publishing Sensitive Research Data at the University of Bristol 扩展对布里斯托尔大学出版敏感研究数据的支持
Pub Date : 2020-08-07 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.712
Zosia Beckles
The University of Bristol Research Data Service was set up in 2014 to provide support and training for academic staff and postgraduate researchers in all aspects of research data management. As part of this, the data.bris Research Data Repository was developed to provide a publication platform for research data generated at the University of Bristol. Initially launched in 2015 to provide open access to data, since 2017 it has also been possible to publish access-controlled datasets containing sensitive data via this platform. The vast majority (90%) of datasets published are openly accessible, but there has been steady demand for access-controlled release of datasets containing information that is ethically or commercially sensitive. These cases require careful management of additional risk: for example, where datasets contain information on human participants, balancing the risk of re-identification with the need to provide robust data that maximises research value through re-use. Many groups within the University of Bristol (for example, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) have extensive experience and expertise in this area, but it became apparent that there was a need to provide additional support for researchers who were not able to draw on the experience of these established groups. This practice paper describes the process of setting up a dedicated service to provide training and basic disclosure risk assessments in order to address these skills gaps, and outlines lessons learnt and future directions for the service.
布里斯托大学研究数据服务成立于2014年,为学术人员和研究生研究人员提供研究数据管理各方面的支持和培训。作为其中的一部分,数据。bris研究数据存储库的开发是为了为布里斯托尔大学生成的研究数据提供一个出版平台。最初于2015年推出,旨在提供对数据的开放访问,自2017年以来,也可以通过该平台发布包含敏感数据的访问控制数据集。绝大多数(90%)已发布的数据集是可公开访问的,但对于包含道德或商业敏感信息的数据集的访问控制发布一直存在稳定的需求。这些情况需要仔细管理额外的风险:例如,当数据集包含有关人类参与者的信息时,需要平衡重新识别的风险与提供通过重用最大化研究价值的可靠数据的需要。布里斯托尔大学的许多小组(例如,雅芳父母和孩子的纵向研究)在这一领域有丰富的经验和专业知识,但很明显,有必要为那些无法利用这些既定小组经验的研究人员提供额外的支持。本实践文件描述了建立专门服务以提供培训和基本披露风险评估的过程,以解决这些技能差距,并概述了该服务的经验教训和未来方向。
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引用次数: 0
Three Approaches to Documenting Database Migrations 记录数据库迁移的三种方法
Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.726
A. Thomer, A. J. Rayburn, Allison R. B. Tyler
Database migration is a crucial aspect of digital collections management, yet there are few best practices to guide practitioners in this work. There is also limited research on the patterns of use and processes motivating database migrations. In the “Migrating Research Data Collections” project, we are developing these best practices through a multi-case study of database and digital collections migration. We find that a first and fundamental problem faced by collection staff is a sheer lack of documentation about past database migrations. We contribute a discussion of ways information professionals can reconstruct missing documentation, and some three approaches that others might take for documenting migrations going forward. [This paper is a conference pre-print presented at IDCC 2020 after lightweight peer review.]
数据库迁移是数字馆藏管理的一个关键方面,但是很少有最佳实践来指导从业者进行这项工作。关于数据库迁移的使用模式和过程的研究也很有限。在“迁移研究数据集合”项目中,我们正在通过对数据库和数字集合迁移的多案例研究来开发这些最佳实践。我们发现,收集人员面临的第一个基本问题是完全缺乏关于过去数据库迁移的文档。我们讨论了信息专业人员重建缺失文档的方法,以及其他人可能采用的用于记录迁移的三种方法。[本文是经过轻量级同行评审后在IDCC 2020上发表的会议预印本。]
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引用次数: 2
Identifying Opportunities for Collective Curation During Archaeological Excavations 发掘考古发掘中集体策展的机会
Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.699
Ixchel M. Faniel, A. Austin, S. Kansa, Eric C. Kansa, Jennifer Jacobs, Phoebe France
Archaeological excavations are comprised of interdisciplinary teams that create, manage, and share data as they unearth and analyse material culture. These team-based settings are ripe for collective curation during these data lifecycle stages. However, findings from four excavation sites show that the data interdisciplinary teams create are not well integrated. Knowing this, we recommended opportunities for collective curation to improve use and reuse of the data within and outside of the team.
考古发掘由跨学科团队组成,他们在挖掘和分析物质文化时创造、管理和共享数据。在这些数据生命周期阶段,这些基于团队的设置适合进行集体管理。然而,来自四个发掘地点的发现表明,跨学科团队创造的数据并没有很好地整合。了解到这一点后,我们推荐了集体管理的机会,以改进团队内外数据的使用和重用。
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引用次数: 6
Role of Content Analysis in Improving the Curation of Experimental Data 内容分析在改进实验数据整理中的作用
Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.705
João Aguiar Castro, Cristiana Sofia Pereira Landeira, J. Silva, Cristina Ribeiro
As researchers are increasingly seeking tools and specialized support to perform research data management activities, the collaboration with data curators can be fruitful. Yet, establishing a timely collaboration between researchers and data curators, grounded in sound communication, is often demanding. In this paper we propose manual content analysis as an approach to streamline the data curator workflow. With content analysis curators can obtain domain-specific concepts used to describe experimental configurations in scientific publications, to make it easier for researchers to understand the notion of metadata and for the development of metadata tools. We present three case studies from experimental domains, one related to sustainable chemistry, one to photovoltaic generation and another to nanoparticle synthesis. The curator started by performing content analysis in research publications, proceeded to create a metadata template based on the extracted concepts, and then interacted with researchers. The approach was validated by the researchers with a high rate of accepted concepts, 84 per cent. Researchers also provide feedback on how to improve some proposed descriptors. Content analysis has the potential to be a practical, proactive task, which can be extended to multiple experimental domains and bridge the communication gap between curators and researchers. [This paper is a conference pre-print presented at IDCC 2020 after lightweight peer review.]
随着研究人员越来越多地寻求工具和专业支持来执行研究数据管理活动,与数据管理员的合作可以取得丰硕成果。然而,在研究人员和数据管理员之间建立基于良好沟通的及时合作,往往是需要的。在本文中,我们提出手动内容分析作为一种简化数据管理员工作流程的方法。通过内容分析,管理员可以获得用于描述科学出版物中实验配置的特定领域概念,从而使研究人员更容易理解元数据的概念并开发元数据工具。我们从实验领域提出了三个案例研究,一个与可持续化学有关,一个与光伏发电有关,另一个与纳米颗粒合成有关。策展人首先对研究出版物进行内容分析,然后根据提取的概念创建元数据模板,然后与研究人员进行互动。该方法得到了研究人员的验证,概念的接受率很高,达到84%。研究人员还就如何改进一些提议的描述符提供了反馈。内容分析有可能成为一项实际的、主动的任务,它可以扩展到多个实验领域,并弥合策展人和研究人员之间的沟通差距。[本文是经过轻量级同行评审后在IDCC 2020上发表的会议预印本。]
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引用次数: 1
Tool Selection Among Qualitative Data Reusers 定性数据重用者的工具选择
Pub Date : 2020-08-05 DOI: 10.2218/ijdc.v15i1.710
Rebecca D. Frank, Kara Suzuka, Eric E. Johnson, E. Yakel
This paper explores the tension between the tools that data reusers in the field of education prefer to use when working with qualitative video data and the tools that repositories make available to data reusers. Findings from this mixed-methods study show that data reusers utilizing qualitative video data did not use repository-based tools. Rather, they valued common, widely available tools that were collaborative and easy to use.  
本文探讨了教育领域的数据重用者在处理定性视频数据时喜欢使用的工具与存储库为数据重用者提供的工具之间的紧张关系。这项混合方法研究的结果表明,使用定性视频数据的数据重用者没有使用基于存储库的工具。相反,他们看重的是共同的、广泛可用的、协作性强、易于使用的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Curated Archiving of Research Software Artifacts: Lessons Learned from the French Open Archive (HAL) 研究软件工件的策划归档:从法国公开赛档案(HAL)学到的教训
Pub Date : 2020-08-05 DOI: 10.2218/IJDC.V15I1.698
R. D. Cosmo, Morane Gruenpeter, B. Marmol, Alain Monteil, Laurent Romary, J. Sadowska
Software has become an indissociable support of technical and scientific knowledge. The preservation of this universal body of knowledge is as essential as preserving research articles and data sets. In the quest to make scientific results reproducible, and pass knowledge to future generations, we must preserve these three main pillars:  research articles that describe the results, the data sets used or produced, and the software that embodies the logic of the data transformation. The collaboration between Software Heritage (SWH), the Center for Direct Scientific Communication (CCSD) and the scientific and technical information services (IES) of The French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (Inria) has resulted in a specified moderation and curation workflow for research software artifacts deposited in the HAL the French global open access repository. The curation workflow was developed to help digital librarians and archivists handle this new and peculiar artifact - software source code. While implementing the workflow, a set of guidelines has emerged from the challenges and the solutions put in place to help all actors involved in the process.
软件已经成为技术和科学知识不可分割的支撑。保存这一普遍的知识体系与保存研究文章和数据集一样重要。在追求科学成果的可重复性,并将知识传递给后代的过程中,我们必须保留这三个主要支柱:描述结果的研究文章,使用或产生的数据集,以及体现数据转换逻辑的软件。软件遗产(SWH)、直接科学交流中心(CCSD)和法国计算机科学与自动化研究所(Inria)的科学技术信息服务(IES)之间的合作,为存放在法国全球开放存取存储库HAL中的研究软件工件提供了一个特定的审核和管理工作流程。管理工作流程的开发是为了帮助数字图书管理员和档案管理员处理这个新的、特殊的工件——软件源代码。在实现工作流的过程中,从挑战和解决方案中产生了一组指导方针,以帮助过程中涉及的所有参与者。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
International journal of digital curation
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