Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-30
F. Trevisi
Abstract. Airborne wind energy (AWE) is the second generation of wind energy systems, an innovative technology which accesses the large untapped wind resource potential at high altitudes. It enables to harvest wind power at lower carbon intensity and, eventually, at lower costs compared to conventional wind technologies. The design of such systems is still uncertain and companies and research institutions are focusing on multiple concepts. To explore the design space, a new multidisciplinary design, analysis and optimization framework for fixed-wing airborne wind energy systems (T-GliDe) is being developed. In this work, the framework of T-GliDe and its problem formulation are introduced.
{"title":"Multidisciplinary design, analysis and optimization of fixed-wing airborne wind energy systems","authors":"F. Trevisi","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-30","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Airborne wind energy (AWE) is the second generation of wind energy systems, an innovative technology which accesses the large untapped wind resource potential at high altitudes. It enables to harvest wind power at lower carbon intensity and, eventually, at lower costs compared to conventional wind technologies. The design of such systems is still uncertain and companies and research institutions are focusing on multiple concepts. To explore the design space, a new multidisciplinary design, analysis and optimization framework for fixed-wing airborne wind energy systems (T-GliDe) is being developed. In this work, the framework of T-GliDe and its problem formulation are introduced.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-24
G.B. Palmerini
Abstract. Very large satellite constellations in Low Earth Orbits (LEO) devoted to data broadcast could also help in providing navigation services. Lacking a specific payload onboard, the downlink can be exploited as a signal of opportunity, as an example looking at the carrier’s Doppler shift. The number of sources and the short distance to users, enabling indoor positioning, are significant advantages of this option. However, recent studies confirmed that commercially-oriented designs partly miss the advantage on the number of sources by directing just one or two beams at a given time to any area on the Earth: it is enough for communication services, it is not for navigation when several signals need to be received by the user at the same time. Looking at a possible service combining downlinks from more than one system to achieve the requested minimum of four signals, this work focusses on the dilution of precision proper to the novel concept. Therefore, the paper updates previous studies - concerning the effects of the orbital configuration of a single LEO system - extending the results to the new scenario.
{"title":"Navigation services from large constellations in low earth orbit","authors":"G.B. Palmerini","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-24","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Very large satellite constellations in Low Earth Orbits (LEO) devoted to data broadcast could also help in providing navigation services. Lacking a specific payload onboard, the downlink can be exploited as a signal of opportunity, as an example looking at the carrier’s Doppler shift. The number of sources and the short distance to users, enabling indoor positioning, are significant advantages of this option. However, recent studies confirmed that commercially-oriented designs partly miss the advantage on the number of sources by directing just one or two beams at a given time to any area on the Earth: it is enough for communication services, it is not for navigation when several signals need to be received by the user at the same time. Looking at a possible service combining downlinks from more than one system to achieve the requested minimum of four signals, this work focusses on the dilution of precision proper to the novel concept. Therefore, the paper updates previous studies - concerning the effects of the orbital configuration of a single LEO system - extending the results to the new scenario.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-69
A. Pagani
Abstract. Variable stiffness composites broaden the design space, in comparison with straight-fiber composites, to meet fixed mechanical performance. Nevertheless, the manufacturing of these advanced composites incurs into the presence of undesired fabrication defects such as gaps and overlaps, which alter the mechanical behavior of the laminated parts. In this work, the authors couple the Defect Layer Method, utilized to model defects, with the Carrera Unified Formulation in order to study how the manufacturing signature affects the fundamental frequency of variable stiffness laminates.
{"title":"Analysis of the manufacturing signature on AFP-manufactures variable stiffness composite panels","authors":"A. Pagani","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-69","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Variable stiffness composites broaden the design space, in comparison with straight-fiber composites, to meet fixed mechanical performance. Nevertheless, the manufacturing of these advanced composites incurs into the presence of undesired fabrication defects such as gaps and overlaps, which alter the mechanical behavior of the laminated parts. In this work, the authors couple the Defect Layer Method, utilized to model defects, with the Carrera Unified Formulation in order to study how the manufacturing signature affects the fundamental frequency of variable stiffness laminates.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-118
S. Galleani
Abstract Close proximity operations demand an accurate control in a micro-gravity environment, hence they must be reproduced and simulated systematically. Consequently, laboratory tests are a crucial aspect to validate the performances of space systems. This paper presents the development of a floating pneumatic module, whose dimensions and mass are representative of a 12U CubeSat. The vehicle has been designed to perform planar low friction motion over a levelled table for docking experiments. The paper focuses on the pneumatic and mechanical designs and on the laboratory tests of the module. The pneumatic design regards the air-compressed pneumatic system. The major specifics have been determined by the requirement of performing a docking procedure by starting from a distance of 500 mm. The mechanical design has been guided by two main requirements. The first is the possibility to accommodate different docking systems (e.g.: docking port). The second is the possibility to control the position of the centre of mass of the module. Several tests have been performed to verify the capabilities of the vehicle, such as: (1) pneumatic tests to evaluate the thrust of the propulsion system through the execution of linear motions and (2) mechanical measurements with dedicated setups to improve the estimation of the position of the centre of mass from the CAD model of the system.
{"title":"Mechanical and pneumatic design and testing of a floating module for zero-gravity motion simulation","authors":"S. Galleani","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-118","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Close proximity operations demand an accurate control in a micro-gravity environment, hence they must be reproduced and simulated systematically. Consequently, laboratory tests are a crucial aspect to validate the performances of space systems. This paper presents the development of a floating pneumatic module, whose dimensions and mass are representative of a 12U CubeSat. The vehicle has been designed to perform planar low friction motion over a levelled table for docking experiments. The paper focuses on the pneumatic and mechanical designs and on the laboratory tests of the module. The pneumatic design regards the air-compressed pneumatic system. The major specifics have been determined by the requirement of performing a docking procedure by starting from a distance of 500 mm. The mechanical design has been guided by two main requirements. The first is the possibility to accommodate different docking systems (e.g.: docking port). The second is the possibility to control the position of the centre of mass of the module. Several tests have been performed to verify the capabilities of the vehicle, such as: (1) pneumatic tests to evaluate the thrust of the propulsion system through the execution of linear motions and (2) mechanical measurements with dedicated setups to improve the estimation of the position of the centre of mass from the CAD model of the system.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-124
L.J. Azzalini
Abstract. Early detection and tracking of ejecta in the vicinity of small solar system bodies is crucial to guarantee spacecraft safety and support scientific observation. During the visit of active asteroid Bennu, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft relied on the analysis of images captured by onboard navigation cameras to detect particle ejection events, which ultimately became one of the mission’s scientific highlights. To increase the scientific return of similar time-constrained missions, this work proposes an event-based solution that is dedicated to the detection and tracking of centimetre-sized particles. Unlike a standard frame-based camera, the pixels of an event-based camera independently trigger events indicating whether the scene brightness has increased or decreased at that time and location in the sensor plane. As a result of the sparse and asynchronous spatiotemporal output, event cameras combine very high dynamic range and temporal resolution with low-power consumption, which could complement existing onboard imaging techniques. This paper motivates the use of a scientific event camera by reconstructing the particle ejection episodes reported by the OSIRIS-REx mission in a photorealistic scene generator and in turn, simulating event-based observations. The resulting streams of spatiotemporal data support future work on event-based multi-object tracking.
{"title":"Tracking particles ejected from active asteroid Bennu with event-based vision","authors":"L.J. Azzalini","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-124","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Early detection and tracking of ejecta in the vicinity of small solar system bodies is crucial to guarantee spacecraft safety and support scientific observation. During the visit of active asteroid Bennu, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft relied on the analysis of images captured by onboard navigation cameras to detect particle ejection events, which ultimately became one of the mission’s scientific highlights. To increase the scientific return of similar time-constrained missions, this work proposes an event-based solution that is dedicated to the detection and tracking of centimetre-sized particles. Unlike a standard frame-based camera, the pixels of an event-based camera independently trigger events indicating whether the scene brightness has increased or decreased at that time and location in the sensor plane. As a result of the sparse and asynchronous spatiotemporal output, event cameras combine very high dynamic range and temporal resolution with low-power consumption, which could complement existing onboard imaging techniques. This paper motivates the use of a scientific event camera by reconstructing the particle ejection episodes reported by the OSIRIS-REx mission in a photorealistic scene generator and in turn, simulating event-based observations. The resulting streams of spatiotemporal data support future work on event-based multi-object tracking.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-158
G. Catapane
Abstract. Anthropogenic noise from navigation is a major contributor to the disturbance of the acoustic soundscape in underwater environments. The noise generated by ship’s machinery exhibits energetic tonal harmonic peaks at multiples of the rotating and firing frequency, that occur in the 20-200 Hz frequency range and difficult to control with classical soundproofing materials. Quarter wavelength tubes (QWT) can be a concrete solution since their absorption peaks are harmonic odd integers of the first resonance frequency. The main issue of QWT is their tuning length, which equals 1.43 m for a 60 Hz resonator. The problem is solved by coiling the tube into a labyrinth. Three labyrinth quarter wavelength tubes are tuned respectively at 60, 90 and 120 Hz. Samples are printed with filament 3D additive manufacturing techniques using PLA and tested with a square impedance tube designed for low-frequency measurements. Measurement results are in good agreement with analytical and numerical predictions. An array including four 60 Hz, four 90 Hz and four 120 Hz labyrinths QWTs is finally tested.
{"title":"Labyrinth quarter-wavelength tubes array for the reduction of machinery noise","authors":"G. Catapane","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-158","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Anthropogenic noise from navigation is a major contributor to the disturbance of the acoustic soundscape in underwater environments. The noise generated by ship’s machinery exhibits energetic tonal harmonic peaks at multiples of the rotating and firing frequency, that occur in the 20-200 Hz frequency range and difficult to control with classical soundproofing materials. Quarter wavelength tubes (QWT) can be a concrete solution since their absorption peaks are harmonic odd integers of the first resonance frequency. The main issue of QWT is their tuning length, which equals 1.43 m for a 60 Hz resonator. The problem is solved by coiling the tube into a labyrinth. Three labyrinth quarter wavelength tubes are tuned respectively at 60, 90 and 120 Hz. Samples are printed with filament 3D additive manufacturing techniques using PLA and tested with a square impedance tube designed for low-frequency measurements. Measurement results are in good agreement with analytical and numerical predictions. An array including four 60 Hz, four 90 Hz and four 120 Hz labyrinths QWTs is finally tested.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-47
A. Esposito
Abstract. This paper reports on the development of a new Blowdown-Induction Facility driven by two different Oxy-Fueled Guns. The facility is conceived and realized to simulate different phenomenologies and flow conditions related to hypersonic sustained flight.
{"title":"A combustion-driven facility to study phenomenologies related to hypersonic sustained flight","authors":"A. Esposito","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-47","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This paper reports on the development of a new Blowdown-Induction Facility driven by two different Oxy-Fueled Guns. The facility is conceived and realized to simulate different phenomenologies and flow conditions related to hypersonic sustained flight.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-100
M. Filippi
Abstract. This paper presents the application of low- and high-fidelity finite beam elements to analyze the dynamic response of aerospace structures subjected to random excitations. The refined structural models are developed with the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF), enabling arbitrary finite element solutions to be easily generated. The solution scheme uses power spectral densities and the modal reduction strategy to reduce the computational burden. The response of an aluminum box beam is studied and compared with a solution obtained by a commercial code. Considering the root-mean-square value of the axial stress, an estimation of the fatigue life of the structure is obtained.
{"title":"Refined structural theories for dynamic and fatigue analyses of structure subjected to random excitations","authors":"M. Filippi","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-100","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This paper presents the application of low- and high-fidelity finite beam elements to analyze the dynamic response of aerospace structures subjected to random excitations. The refined structural models are developed with the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF), enabling arbitrary finite element solutions to be easily generated. The solution scheme uses power spectral densities and the modal reduction strategy to reduce the computational burden. The response of an aluminum box beam is studied and compared with a solution obtained by a commercial code. Considering the root-mean-square value of the axial stress, an estimation of the fatigue life of the structure is obtained.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-85
M. Lo Cascio
Abstract. Additively-manufactured metallic lattice materials are a class of architectured solids that is becoming increasingly popular due to their unique cellular structure, which can be engineered to meet specific design requirements. Understanding and modelling the damage in these innovative materials is a significant challenge that must be addressed for their effective use in aerospace applications. The Virtual Element Method (VEM) is a numerical technique recently introduced as a generalisation of the FEM capable of handling meshes comprising an assemblage of generic polytopes. This advantage in creating domain discretisation has already been used to model the behaviour of materials with complex microstructures. This work employs a numerical framework based on a nonlinear VEM formulation combined with a continuum damage model to study the fracture behaviour of two-dimensional metallic lattice material under static loading. VEM's effectiveness in modelling lattice failure behaviour is assessed through several numerical tests. The influence of micro-architecture on the material's failure behaviour and macroscopic mechanical performance is discussed.
{"title":"Virtual element method for damage modelling of two-dimensional metallic lattice materials","authors":"M. Lo Cascio","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-85","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Additively-manufactured metallic lattice materials are a class of architectured solids that is becoming increasingly popular due to their unique cellular structure, which can be engineered to meet specific design requirements. Understanding and modelling the damage in these innovative materials is a significant challenge that must be addressed for their effective use in aerospace applications. The Virtual Element Method (VEM) is a numerical technique recently introduced as a generalisation of the FEM capable of handling meshes comprising an assemblage of generic polytopes. This advantage in creating domain discretisation has already been used to model the behaviour of materials with complex microstructures. This work employs a numerical framework based on a nonlinear VEM formulation combined with a continuum damage model to study the fracture behaviour of two-dimensional metallic lattice material under static loading. VEM's effectiveness in modelling lattice failure behaviour is assessed through several numerical tests. The influence of micro-architecture on the material's failure behaviour and macroscopic mechanical performance is discussed.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-154
M. Massironi
Abstract. PANGAEA (Planetary ANalogue Geological and Astrobiological Exercise for Astronauts) is a field training course designed by the European Space Agency (ESA) that, since 2016, has imparted to ESA and NASA astronauts, and Roscosmos cosmonauts the basic theoretical and practical knowledge of geology and astrobiology and trained them in the field. Hence developing independent field skills, including working with a remotely located science team, is a key part of the training. For this reason, classroom and field lessons are tightly interwoven so that the concepts introduced in the classroom are shown in the field soon afterwards. The primary field sites selected for the course are the Permo-Triassic sedimentary sequences in the Italian Dolomites, analogue to the Martian alluvial plains ones, the impact geological environment of the Ries Crater, Germany, a comprehensive suite of volcanic emplacements and deposits in Lanzarote, Spain, and the anorthosite outcrops, analogue to lunar highlands rocks, in Lofoten, Norway. Each site is used as a base to deliver the main learning sessions, respectively: 1) Earth geology, rock recognition and sedimentology on Earth and Mars, 2) Lunar geology and impact cratering, 3) volcanism on Earth, Moon, and Mars, and astrobiology 4) intrusive rocks and lunar primordial crustal evolution. The four sessions are designed to increase the trainees’ autonomy in the field up to autonomously executed geological traverses including sampling activities. Whilst PANGAEA’s primary focus is astronaut training, where appropriate, technologies being developed for future missions are used to evaluate their performances in analogue field envi-ronments and to train the astronauts in using technologies that might support future missions.
{"title":"The ESA PANGAEA programme: training astronauts in field science","authors":"M. Massironi","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-154","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. PANGAEA (Planetary ANalogue Geological and Astrobiological Exercise for Astronauts) is a field training course designed by the European Space Agency (ESA) that, since 2016, has imparted to ESA and NASA astronauts, and Roscosmos cosmonauts the basic theoretical and practical knowledge of geology and astrobiology and trained them in the field. Hence developing independent field skills, including working with a remotely located science team, is a key part of the training. For this reason, classroom and field lessons are tightly interwoven so that the concepts introduced in the classroom are shown in the field soon afterwards. The primary field sites selected for the course are the Permo-Triassic sedimentary sequences in the Italian Dolomites, analogue to the Martian alluvial plains ones, the impact geological environment of the Ries Crater, Germany, a comprehensive suite of volcanic emplacements and deposits in Lanzarote, Spain, and the anorthosite outcrops, analogue to lunar highlands rocks, in Lofoten, Norway. Each site is used as a base to deliver the main learning sessions, respectively: 1) Earth geology, rock recognition and sedimentology on Earth and Mars, 2) Lunar geology and impact cratering, 3) volcanism on Earth, Moon, and Mars, and astrobiology 4) intrusive rocks and lunar primordial crustal evolution. The four sessions are designed to increase the trainees’ autonomy in the field up to autonomously executed geological traverses including sampling activities. Whilst PANGAEA’s primary focus is astronaut training, where appropriate, technologies being developed for future missions are used to evaluate their performances in analogue field envi-ronments and to train the astronauts in using technologies that might support future missions.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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