Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-77
C. Bisagni
Abstract. In aeronautics, buckling has long been considered as a structural phenomenon to be avoided, because characterized by large out-of-plane displacements and therefore by losing the ability to sustain the designed loads. Several recent studies show the possibility to allow composite stiffened panels of primary aeronautical components to work in the post-buckling field so to potentially reduce the structural weight. The present study aims to control buckling behavior of composite structural components for future adaptive wings using novel tailorable and effective mechanisms. Instead of the traditional design against buckling, the idea is to use the nonlinear post-buckling response to control stiffness changes which redistribute the load in the wing structure. Numerical studies are at first conducted on a composite plate and then implemented in a simplified thin-walled composite wing box, where stiffness changes is controlled using buckling.
{"title":"Can we use buckling to design adaptive composite wings?","authors":"C. Bisagni","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-77","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In aeronautics, buckling has long been considered as a structural phenomenon to be avoided, because characterized by large out-of-plane displacements and therefore by losing the ability to sustain the designed loads. Several recent studies show the possibility to allow composite stiffened panels of primary aeronautical components to work in the post-buckling field so to potentially reduce the structural weight. The present study aims to control buckling behavior of composite structural components for future adaptive wings using novel tailorable and effective mechanisms. Instead of the traditional design against buckling, the idea is to use the nonlinear post-buckling response to control stiffness changes which redistribute the load in the wing structure. Numerical studies are at first conducted on a composite plate and then implemented in a simplified thin-walled composite wing box, where stiffness changes is controlled using buckling.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"199 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135116714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-105
M.C. Noviello
Abstract. Due to the potential possibility of changing the dynamics of the New Space Economy, In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) is acquiring more and more importance within the Space Exploration scenario. Indeed, the closest space missions will return humans to the Moon, while planning the long-term stay. This aspect opens the way to the need for employment and processing of local resources, with the aim of reducing the dependence on Earth-based resources, also ensuring the financial sustainability of the space exploration programs. ISRU technologies will demand for energy values likely to be in the Megawatt range and, eventually, at Gigawatt levels, to be ensured in the harsh hazardous environmental conditions of the celestial bodies (e.g. Moon, Mars, Near Earth Asteroids). This work, performed by the CIRA TEES Laboratory, provides the CIRA approach to the feasibility study concerning the Laser Power Transmission (LPT) technologies for Moon assets empowering. The aim is to evaluate whether LPT can be a potentially efficient solution for continuous power delivery from an orbiting source device, considering long-distance wireless employments and severe environmental conditions, to drive ISRU Moon assets (habitats, rovers, local industrial plants, conveyance facilities, et cetera). For the purpose of this study, starting from the space mission identification, an increasing complexity multi-step approach was properly conceived by CIRA to design the dedicated LPT system responding to the evaluated mission requirements.
{"title":"Continuous empowering with laser power transmission technologies for ISRU moon assets: CIRA approach","authors":"M.C. Noviello","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-105","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Due to the potential possibility of changing the dynamics of the New Space Economy, In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) is acquiring more and more importance within the Space Exploration scenario. Indeed, the closest space missions will return humans to the Moon, while planning the long-term stay. This aspect opens the way to the need for employment and processing of local resources, with the aim of reducing the dependence on Earth-based resources, also ensuring the financial sustainability of the space exploration programs. ISRU technologies will demand for energy values likely to be in the Megawatt range and, eventually, at Gigawatt levels, to be ensured in the harsh hazardous environmental conditions of the celestial bodies (e.g. Moon, Mars, Near Earth Asteroids). This work, performed by the CIRA TEES Laboratory, provides the CIRA approach to the feasibility study concerning the Laser Power Transmission (LPT) technologies for Moon assets empowering. The aim is to evaluate whether LPT can be a potentially efficient solution for continuous power delivery from an orbiting source device, considering long-distance wireless employments and severe environmental conditions, to drive ISRU Moon assets (habitats, rovers, local industrial plants, conveyance facilities, et cetera). For the purpose of this study, starting from the space mission identification, an increasing complexity multi-step approach was properly conceived by CIRA to design the dedicated LPT system responding to the evaluated mission requirements.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"180 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135116728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-31
M. Petrolo
Abstract. This study examines the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to determine the optimal structural theories to adopt for the modeling of composite shells, to combine accuracy and computational efficiency. The use of the Axiomatic/Asymptotic Method (AAM) on higher-order theories (HOT) based on polynomial expansions can be cumbersome due to the amount of Finite Element Models (FEM) virtually available and the problem-dependency of a theory’s performance. Adopting the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) can mitigate this obstacle through its procedural and lean derivation of the required structural results. At the same time, the CNN can act as a surrogate model to guide the selection process. The network can inform on the convenience of a specific set of generalized variables after being trained with just a small percentage of the results typically required by the AAM. The CNN capabilities are compared to the AAM through the Best Theory Diagram (BTD) obtained using different selection criteria: errors over natural frequencies or failure indexes.
{"title":"Refinement of structural theories for composite shells through convolutional neural networks","authors":"M. Petrolo","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study examines the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to determine the optimal structural theories to adopt for the modeling of composite shells, to combine accuracy and computational efficiency. The use of the Axiomatic/Asymptotic Method (AAM) on higher-order theories (HOT) based on polynomial expansions can be cumbersome due to the amount of Finite Element Models (FEM) virtually available and the problem-dependency of a theory’s performance. Adopting the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) can mitigate this obstacle through its procedural and lean derivation of the required structural results. At the same time, the CNN can act as a surrogate model to guide the selection process. The network can inform on the convenience of a specific set of generalized variables after being trained with just a small percentage of the results typically required by the AAM. The CNN capabilities are compared to the AAM through the Best Theory Diagram (BTD) obtained using different selection criteria: errors over natural frequencies or failure indexes.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"185 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135117025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-157
G. Mazzeo
Abstract. The use of wind tunnels for studying the vibrational response of structures subjected to turbulent flows presents various challenges, such as background noise and complex setup requirements. This work introduces an alternative experimental method called X-PEDEm (eXperimental Pseudo-Equivalent Deterministic Excitation) that aims to reproduce an equivalent structural response to a Turbulent Boundary Layer (TBL) excitation without the need for a wind tunnel. X-PEDEm involves coupling the experimental acquisition of the structure's vibrational response with deterministic forces, such as an impulse force from a hammer, followed by post-processing. The method has been validated for different boundary conditions and flow speeds, offering versatility in recreating various types of TBL. While not an exact reproduction of turbulent flow-induced responses, X-PEDEm provides an optimal approximation with low time and resource requirements, making it easy to implement experimentally.
{"title":"Experimental application of pseudo-equivalent deterministic excitation method for the reproduction of a structural response to a turbulent boundary layer excitation","authors":"G. Mazzeo","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-157","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The use of wind tunnels for studying the vibrational response of structures subjected to turbulent flows presents various challenges, such as background noise and complex setup requirements. This work introduces an alternative experimental method called X-PEDEm (eXperimental Pseudo-Equivalent Deterministic Excitation) that aims to reproduce an equivalent structural response to a Turbulent Boundary Layer (TBL) excitation without the need for a wind tunnel. X-PEDEm involves coupling the experimental acquisition of the structure's vibrational response with deterministic forces, such as an impulse force from a hammer, followed by post-processing. The method has been validated for different boundary conditions and flow speeds, offering versatility in recreating various types of TBL. While not an exact reproduction of turbulent flow-induced responses, X-PEDEm provides an optimal approximation with low time and resource requirements, making it easy to implement experimentally.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135117463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-8
L. Marchetti
Abstract. Increasing the wing aspect ratio is one way to improve aircraft aerodynamic efficiency. This reduces the induced drag term but, at the same time, produces an increment of the wing loads, hence an increase of the structural weight. One design solution to reduce the wing root bending moment, which is the main driver of the weight of the wing, is the addition of a strut. This work deals with the experimental identification of the flutter behavior of an ultra-high aspect ratio (19) strut-braced wing in a wind tunnel. The inherent non-linear behavior of such a structure that has two different effects on the wing when loaded in compression and in tension is coupled with large deformations due to its extreme flexibility. From here derives the extreme importance of experimental tests to understand how different parameters of such a design can impact its aeroelastic behavior.
{"title":"Wind tunnel flutter tests of a strut-braced high aspect ratio wing","authors":"L. Marchetti","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Increasing the wing aspect ratio is one way to improve aircraft aerodynamic efficiency. This reduces the induced drag term but, at the same time, produces an increment of the wing loads, hence an increase of the structural weight. One design solution to reduce the wing root bending moment, which is the main driver of the weight of the wing, is the addition of a strut. This work deals with the experimental identification of the flutter behavior of an ultra-high aspect ratio (19) strut-braced wing in a wind tunnel. The inherent non-linear behavior of such a structure that has two different effects on the wing when loaded in compression and in tension is coupled with large deformations due to its extreme flexibility. From here derives the extreme importance of experimental tests to understand how different parameters of such a design can impact its aeroelastic behavior.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"207 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135117687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-50
G. Pezzella
Abstract. Unmanned flying-test bed aircraft are fundamental to experimentally prove and validate next generation high-speed technologies, such as aeroshape design, thermal protection material and strategy; flight mechanics and guidance-navigation and control. During the test, the aircraft will encounter realistic flight conditions to assess accuracy of new design choices and solutions. In this framework, the paper focuses on the longitudinal aerodynamic analysis of an experimental aircraft, with a spatuled body aeroshape, from subsonic up to hypersonic speeds. Computational flowfield analyses are carried out at several angles of attack ranging from 0 to 15 deg and for Mach numbers from 0.1 to 7. Results are detailed reported and discussed in the paper.
{"title":"Aerodynamic analysis of a high-speed aircraft from hypersonic down to subsonic speeds","authors":"G. Pezzella","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-50","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Unmanned flying-test bed aircraft are fundamental to experimentally prove and validate next generation high-speed technologies, such as aeroshape design, thermal protection material and strategy; flight mechanics and guidance-navigation and control. During the test, the aircraft will encounter realistic flight conditions to assess accuracy of new design choices and solutions. In this framework, the paper focuses on the longitudinal aerodynamic analysis of an experimental aircraft, with a spatuled body aeroshape, from subsonic up to hypersonic speeds. Computational flowfield analyses are carried out at several angles of attack ranging from 0 to 15 deg and for Mach numbers from 0.1 to 7. Results are detailed reported and discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"192 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135117701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-160
M. Rossi
Abstract. In the field of noise and vibrations control inside the cabin, passive noise solutions coupled with the development of new unconventional materials, called Acoustic Metamaterials (AMMs) can be very promising to stop incoming noise and guarantee the passenger’s comfort without an increase in aircraft weight. Within the framework of Carrera’s Unified Formulation (CUF), we study the acoustic properties of double pierced AMM plate printed with Fused deposition modelling technique (FDM). The influence of several geometrical parameters is investigated, such as the size and location of the holes and the perforation ratio. The properties of this AMM are derived from vibro-acoustic analyses of the finite element software, Mul2, developed by Politecnico di Torino, that exploits the CUF. In order to study the AMM complex structure in the CUF framework, the Adaptive finite elements are exploited. This new class of 2D elements, recently developed, allows us to model with shell elements the AMM structure, which presents several discontinuities in the mid-surface due to the presence of corners and internal cavities.
{"title":"Vibro-acoustic analysis of additively manufactured acoustic metamaterial via CUF adaptive finite elements","authors":"M. Rossi","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-160","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the field of noise and vibrations control inside the cabin, passive noise solutions coupled with the development of new unconventional materials, called Acoustic Metamaterials (AMMs) can be very promising to stop incoming noise and guarantee the passenger’s comfort without an increase in aircraft weight. Within the framework of Carrera’s Unified Formulation (CUF), we study the acoustic properties of double pierced AMM plate printed with Fused deposition modelling technique (FDM). The influence of several geometrical parameters is investigated, such as the size and location of the holes and the perforation ratio. The properties of this AMM are derived from vibro-acoustic analyses of the finite element software, Mul2, developed by Politecnico di Torino, that exploits the CUF. In order to study the AMM complex structure in the CUF framework, the Adaptive finite elements are exploited. This new class of 2D elements, recently developed, allows us to model with shell elements the AMM structure, which presents several discontinuities in the mid-surface due to the presence of corners and internal cavities.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-30
F. Trevisi
Abstract. Airborne wind energy (AWE) is the second generation of wind energy systems, an innovative technology which accesses the large untapped wind resource potential at high altitudes. It enables to harvest wind power at lower carbon intensity and, eventually, at lower costs compared to conventional wind technologies. The design of such systems is still uncertain and companies and research institutions are focusing on multiple concepts. To explore the design space, a new multidisciplinary design, analysis and optimization framework for fixed-wing airborne wind energy systems (T-GliDe) is being developed. In this work, the framework of T-GliDe and its problem formulation are introduced.
{"title":"Multidisciplinary design, analysis and optimization of fixed-wing airborne wind energy systems","authors":"F. Trevisi","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-30","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Airborne wind energy (AWE) is the second generation of wind energy systems, an innovative technology which accesses the large untapped wind resource potential at high altitudes. It enables to harvest wind power at lower carbon intensity and, eventually, at lower costs compared to conventional wind technologies. The design of such systems is still uncertain and companies and research institutions are focusing on multiple concepts. To explore the design space, a new multidisciplinary design, analysis and optimization framework for fixed-wing airborne wind energy systems (T-GliDe) is being developed. In this work, the framework of T-GliDe and its problem formulation are introduced.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"75 23","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-24
G.B. Palmerini
Abstract. Very large satellite constellations in Low Earth Orbits (LEO) devoted to data broadcast could also help in providing navigation services. Lacking a specific payload onboard, the downlink can be exploited as a signal of opportunity, as an example looking at the carrier’s Doppler shift. The number of sources and the short distance to users, enabling indoor positioning, are significant advantages of this option. However, recent studies confirmed that commercially-oriented designs partly miss the advantage on the number of sources by directing just one or two beams at a given time to any area on the Earth: it is enough for communication services, it is not for navigation when several signals need to be received by the user at the same time. Looking at a possible service combining downlinks from more than one system to achieve the requested minimum of four signals, this work focusses on the dilution of precision proper to the novel concept. Therefore, the paper updates previous studies - concerning the effects of the orbital configuration of a single LEO system - extending the results to the new scenario.
{"title":"Navigation services from large constellations in low earth orbit","authors":"G.B. Palmerini","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-24","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Very large satellite constellations in Low Earth Orbits (LEO) devoted to data broadcast could also help in providing navigation services. Lacking a specific payload onboard, the downlink can be exploited as a signal of opportunity, as an example looking at the carrier’s Doppler shift. The number of sources and the short distance to users, enabling indoor positioning, are significant advantages of this option. However, recent studies confirmed that commercially-oriented designs partly miss the advantage on the number of sources by directing just one or two beams at a given time to any area on the Earth: it is enough for communication services, it is not for navigation when several signals need to be received by the user at the same time. Looking at a possible service combining downlinks from more than one system to achieve the requested minimum of four signals, this work focusses on the dilution of precision proper to the novel concept. Therefore, the paper updates previous studies - concerning the effects of the orbital configuration of a single LEO system - extending the results to the new scenario.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"76 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21741/9781644902813-69
A. Pagani
Abstract. Variable stiffness composites broaden the design space, in comparison with straight-fiber composites, to meet fixed mechanical performance. Nevertheless, the manufacturing of these advanced composites incurs into the presence of undesired fabrication defects such as gaps and overlaps, which alter the mechanical behavior of the laminated parts. In this work, the authors couple the Defect Layer Method, utilized to model defects, with the Carrera Unified Formulation in order to study how the manufacturing signature affects the fundamental frequency of variable stiffness laminates.
{"title":"Analysis of the manufacturing signature on AFP-manufactures variable stiffness composite panels","authors":"A. Pagani","doi":"10.21741/9781644902813-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-69","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Variable stiffness composites broaden the design space, in comparison with straight-fiber composites, to meet fixed mechanical performance. Nevertheless, the manufacturing of these advanced composites incurs into the presence of undesired fabrication defects such as gaps and overlaps, which alter the mechanical behavior of the laminated parts. In this work, the authors couple the Defect Layer Method, utilized to model defects, with the Carrera Unified Formulation in order to study how the manufacturing signature affects the fundamental frequency of variable stiffness laminates.","PeriodicalId":87445,"journal":{"name":"Materials Research Society symposia proceedings. Materials Research Society","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135370365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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