Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth最新文献

英文中文

Does Alcohol Use Among Sexually Active College Students Moderate HIV Risk Behavior? 性活跃大学生饮酒是否能降低HIV风险?

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-04-30 DOI: 10.1080/15538340902824084

J. Lewis, R. Malow, L. Norman

ABSTRACT College students frequently use alcohol and are very sexually active, but do the two behaviors result in greater HIV risk? We employed the AIDS Risk Reduction Model to assess condom use during vaginal intercourse for sexually active college students using and not using alcohol proximal to sex. Students reported multiple lifetime sex partners and used condoms inconsistently during vaginal intercourse. According to the model, condom use was slightly better among sexually active alcohol users than among sexually active nonusers. Similar rates in condom use among both groups may be a reflection of the prevailing attitudes toward condoms, rather than indicative of the effect of alcohol use on preventive behaviors.

大学生饮酒频繁，性行为活跃，但这两种行为是否会导致更大的艾滋病风险?我们采用艾滋病风险降低模型来评估性活跃的大学生在阴道性交中使用避孕套和不使用酒精的情况。学生报告说，他们一生中有多个性伴侣，并且在阴道性交时不一致地使用避孕套。根据该模型，性活跃的酒精使用者使用避孕套的情况略好于性活跃的非酒精使用者。两组人使用避孕套的比率相似，这可能反映了对避孕套的普遍态度，而不是表明饮酒对预防行为的影响。

引用次数: 3

Adolescent Use of Two Types of HIV Prevention Agencies 青少年使用两种类型的艾滋病预防机构

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-04-30 DOI: 10.1080/15538340902824100

M. Hohman, A. Shillington, J. Min, J. Clapp, Kristin Mueller, M. Hovell

ABSTRACT This study compared two groups of adolescents seeking help at HIV prevention drop-in agencies. The first group attended agencies in low-income Hispanic neighborhoods which recruited within the locale. The second group of youth attended agencies that recruited based upon a specific population—they targeted homeless and LGBQ youth. We explored the characteristics of adolescents who sought initial services, the types of services requested, and attitudes toward the centers. Results indicated that those who utilized the population-based agencies were more likely to be homeless, have higher depression scores, and be older. They reported coming to the agency to find a safe place, whereas those who utilized the neighborhood-based agencies came specifically for concrete services. Implications are discussed.

本研究比较了两组在艾滋病预防救助机构寻求帮助的青少年。第一组参加了低收入西班牙裔社区的机构，这些机构在当地招募人员。第二组青年参加的机构是根据特定人群招募的——他们的目标是无家可归者和LGBQ青年。我们探讨了寻求初始服务的青少年的特点，所要求的服务类型，以及对中心的态度。结果表明，那些利用人口为基础的机构的人更有可能无家可归，抑郁得分更高，年龄更大。他们报告说，他们来该机构是为了寻找一个安全的地方，而那些利用社区机构的人是专门为具体服务而来的。讨论了影响。

引用次数: 4

Intimate Partner Violence, Condom Use and HIV Risk for Adolescent Girls 亲密伴侣暴力、避孕套使用和青春期女孩的艾滋病毒风险

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-02-22 DOI: 10.1300/J499v08n02_05

A. Teitelman, M. Dichter, J. Cederbaum, Jacquelyn C. Campbell

ABSTRACT Adolescent girls account for a growing number of new cases of HIV in the United States, primarily transmitted through heterosexual sex. The principal method of HIV prevention for heterosexually-active girls is condom use by their male partners. Most HIV prevention interventions aimed at adolescent girls have focused on promoting the girls' individual behavior change and are most effective in situations that are under girls' control. A growing body of literature indicates the importance of recognizing partner influence on girls' condom use and negotiation strategies, and a beginning recognition of the role that intimate partner violence (IPV) may play in the decision-making control within the dyad. To better understand these linkages, this paper examines the association between IPV and girls' HIV risk through condom non-use with a systematic review of the literature and a theory-informed conceptual background. Six studies with adolescent girls were found that reported an association between intimate partner violence and increased risk for HIV (indicated by condom non-use). Gaps in the literature and implications for future research and prevention strategies are described. Findings highlight the need for more research to further elucidate the mechanisms linking intimate partner violence to condom non-use and to identify common precursors (proximal and/or distal) to explain these often co-occurring health risks. Prevention strategies that address the influence of interpersonal power dynamics and gender norms on sexual decision-making, and also incorporate ways to reduce risk for exposure to abusive relationships, hold promise for increasing effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for adolescent girls. Such interventions need to be youth-informed and include tailored strategies for at-risk groups.

在美国，少女感染艾滋病的新病例越来越多，主要是通过异性性行为传播的。异性恋活跃女孩预防艾滋病毒的主要方法是其男性伴侣使用避孕套。大多数针对少女的艾滋病毒预防干预措施侧重于促进女孩的个人行为改变，在女孩控制的情况下最有效。越来越多的文献表明，必须认识到伴侣对女孩使用避孕套和谈判策略的影响，并开始认识到亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)在二人组内部的决策控制中可能发挥的作用。为了更好地理解这些联系，本文通过对文献的系统回顾和理论知情的概念背景，研究了IPV与不使用避孕套的女孩感染艾滋病毒风险之间的关系。发现有六项针对少女的研究报告了亲密伴侣暴力与艾滋病毒感染风险增加之间的关联(不使用避孕套表明)。描述了文献中的空白和对未来研究和预防策略的影响。调查结果强调需要进行更多的研究，以进一步阐明亲密伴侣暴力与不使用避孕套之间的联系机制，并确定共同的前体(近端和/或远端)，以解释这些经常同时发生的健康风险。处理人际权力动态和性别规范对性决策的影响的预防战略，并纳入减少遭受虐待关系风险的方法，有望提高对少女的艾滋病毒预防干预措施的效力。这种干预措施需要了解青年人的情况，并包括针对高危群体的量身定制的战略。

{"title":"Intimate Partner Violence, Condom Use and HIV Risk for Adolescent Girls","authors":"A. Teitelman, M. Dichter, J. Cederbaum, Jacquelyn C. Campbell","doi":"10.1300/J499v08n02_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J499v08n02_05","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adolescent girls account for a growing number of new cases of HIV in the United States, primarily transmitted through heterosexual sex. The principal method of HIV prevention for heterosexually-active girls is condom use by their male partners. Most HIV prevention interventions aimed at adolescent girls have focused on promoting the girls' individual behavior change and are most effective in situations that are under girls' control. A growing body of literature indicates the importance of recognizing partner influence on girls' condom use and negotiation strategies, and a beginning recognition of the role that intimate partner violence (IPV) may play in the decision-making control within the dyad. To better understand these linkages, this paper examines the association between IPV and girls' HIV risk through condom non-use with a systematic review of the literature and a theory-informed conceptual background. Six studies with adolescent girls were found that reported an association between intimate partner violence and increased risk for HIV (indicated by condom non-use). Gaps in the literature and implications for future research and prevention strategies are described. Findings highlight the need for more research to further elucidate the mechanisms linking intimate partner violence to condom non-use and to identify common precursors (proximal and/or distal) to explain these often co-occurring health risks. Prevention strategies that address the influence of interpersonal power dynamics and gender norms on sexual decision-making, and also incorporate ways to reduce risk for exposure to abusive relationships, hold promise for increasing effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for adolescent girls. Such interventions need to be youth-informed and include tailored strategies for at-risk groups.","PeriodicalId":87475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth","volume":"8 1","pages":"65 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J499v08n02_05","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66356708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

The Influence of Knowing Someone with AIDS on Youth HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors 认识艾滋病患者对青少年艾滋病性危险行为的影响

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-02-22 DOI: 10.1300/J499v08n02_03

J. Cederbaum, S. Marcus, M. Hutchinson

ABSTRACT Research indicates that knowing someone with HIV/ AIDS is associated with greater perceived risk of contracting HIV and changes in sexual risk behaviors. The current study with a sample of 1,172 examined whether knowing someone with HIV/AIDS influenced sexual risk communication and youth engagement in sexual intercourse using the Philadelphia Educational Longitudinal Study (PELS). Adolescents who reported personally knowing someone with AIDS were more likely to be female (p < .001) and Black (p < .007) or Hispanic (p < .019). These adolescents were 1.5 times more likely to report ever having had sex and 1.3 times more likely to have ever talked to their parent about how to avoid STDs and AIDS compared to youth who did not know someone with AIDS. Understanding if and how knowing someone with HIV/AIDS influences sexual activity may be an important approach in reducing new HIV infections.

研究表明，知道某人感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病与更大的感染艾滋病毒的感知风险和性风险行为的改变有关。目前的研究使用费城教育纵向研究(PELS)对1172人的样本进行了调查，了解某人患有艾滋病毒/艾滋病是否会影响性风险沟通和青少年的性行为。报告自己认识艾滋病患者的青少年更可能是女性(p < 0.001)、黑人(p < 0.007)或西班牙裔(p < 0.019)。与不认识艾滋病患者的青少年相比，这些青少年报告有过性行为的可能性高出1.5倍，与父母谈论如何避免性传播疾病和艾滋病的可能性高出1.3倍。了解艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者是否以及如何影响性行为可能是减少新发艾滋病毒感染的重要途径。

引用次数: 3

Barriers and Incentives to Orphan Care in a Time of AIDS and Economic Crisis 艾滋病和经济危机时期孤儿护理的障碍和动机

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-02-22 DOI: 10.1300/J499v08n02_07

B. Howard, C. Phillips, Nelia Matinhure, K. Goodman, S. McCurdy, Cary Johnson

ABSTRACT Background: Africa is in an orphan-care crisis. In Zimbabwe, where one-fourth of adults are HIV-positive and one-fifth of children are orphans, AIDS and economic decline are straining society's ability to care for orphans within their extended families. Lack of stable care is putting thousands of children at heightened risk of malnourishment, emotional underdevelopment, illiteracy, poverty, sexual exploitation, and HIV infection, endangering the future health of the society they are expected to sustain. Methods: To explore barriers and possible incentives to orphan care, a quantitative cross-sectional survey in rural eastern Zimbabwe asked 371 adults caring for children, including 212 caring for double orphans, about their well-being, needs, resources, and perceptions and experiences of orphan care. Results: Survey responses indicate that: (1) foster caregivers are disproportionately female, older, poor, and without a spouse; (2) 98% of non-foster caregivers are willing to foster orphans, many from outside their kinship network; (3) poverty is the primary barrier to fostering; (4) financial, physical, and emotional stress levels are high among current and potential fosterers; (5) financial need may be greatest in single-orphan AIDS-impoverished households; and (6) struggling families lack external support. Conclusions: Incentives for sustainable orphan care should focus on financial assistance, starting with free schooling, and development of community mechanisms to identify and support children in need, to evaluate and strengthen families' capacity to provide orphan care, and to initiate and support placement outside the family when necessary.

背景:非洲正处于孤儿护理危机之中。在津巴布韦，四分之一的成年人艾滋病毒呈阳性，五分之一的儿童是孤儿，艾滋病和经济衰退使社会无法照顾大家庭中的孤儿。由于缺乏稳定的照料，数以千计的儿童面临营养不良、情感发育不全、文盲、贫困、性剥削和艾滋病毒感染的更大风险，危及他们所期望维持的社会未来的健康。方法:为了探索孤儿护理的障碍和可能的激励因素，在津巴布韦东部农村进行了一项定量横断面调查，询问了371名照顾儿童的成年人，包括212名照顾双孤儿的成年人，了解他们的福祉、需求、资源以及对孤儿护理的看法和经验。结果:调查结果表明:(1)寄养照顾者中年龄较大、贫困、无配偶的女性比例过高;(2) 98%的非寄养照顾者愿意收养孤儿，其中许多孤儿来自他们的亲属网络之外;(3)贫困是阻碍寄养的主要障碍;(4)当前和潜在养育者的经济、身体和情绪压力水平较高;(5)单亲孤儿艾滋病贫困家庭的经济需求可能最大;(6)挣扎的家庭缺乏外部支持。结论:可持续孤儿护理的激励措施应侧重于财政援助，从免费教育开始，并发展社区机制，以确定和支持有需要的儿童，评估和加强家庭提供孤儿护理的能力，并在必要时启动和支持家庭外安置。

{"title":"Barriers and Incentives to Orphan Care in a Time of AIDS and Economic Crisis","authors":"B. Howard, C. Phillips, Nelia Matinhure, K. Goodman, S. McCurdy, Cary Johnson","doi":"10.1300/J499v08n02_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J499v08n02_07","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Africa is in an orphan-care crisis. In Zimbabwe, where one-fourth of adults are HIV-positive and one-fifth of children are orphans, AIDS and economic decline are straining society's ability to care for orphans within their extended families. Lack of stable care is putting thousands of children at heightened risk of malnourishment, emotional underdevelopment, illiteracy, poverty, sexual exploitation, and HIV infection, endangering the future health of the society they are expected to sustain. Methods: To explore barriers and possible incentives to orphan care, a quantitative cross-sectional survey in rural eastern Zimbabwe asked 371 adults caring for children, including 212 caring for double orphans, about their well-being, needs, resources, and perceptions and experiences of orphan care. Results: Survey responses indicate that: (1) foster caregivers are disproportionately female, older, poor, and without a spouse; (2) 98% of non-foster caregivers are willing to foster orphans, many from outside their kinship network; (3) poverty is the primary barrier to fostering; (4) financial, physical, and emotional stress levels are high among current and potential fosterers; (5) financial need may be greatest in single-orphan AIDS-impoverished households; and (6) struggling families lack external support. Conclusions: Incentives for sustainable orphan care should focus on financial assistance, starting with free schooling, and development of community mechanisms to identify and support children in need, to evaluate and strengthen families' capacity to provide orphan care, and to initiate and support placement outside the family when necessary.","PeriodicalId":87475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth","volume":"8 1","pages":"117 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J499v08n02_07","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66356891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Results from an Empirical Study of School Principals' Decisions About Disclosure of HIV Status 学校校长HIV状况披露决策之实证研究结果

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-02-22 DOI: 10.1300/J499v08n02_02

T. Chenneville

ABSTRACT Elementary school principals' decisions about disclosure of school age children's confidential medical information was empirically studied. Participants included a stratified sample of 339 elementary school principals from the seven largest school districts in Florida. Each participant received one of six vignettes describing a student with HIV, Hepatitis C, or Leukemia who was either symptomatic or asymptomatic. After reading the vignette, participants completed a 10-item Disclosure scale and a 16-itemHIV Knowledge scale. Data were analyzed using a 3 × 2 factorial MANOVA. Scores on the disclosure scale varied significantly based on diagnosis and the presence of symptomatology. Knowledge about HIV was relatively high among participants, and there were no significant correlations between level of knowledge and decisions about disclosure.

摘要对小学校长对学龄儿童保密医疗信息披露的决策进行实证研究。参与者包括佛罗里达州七个最大学区的339名小学校长的分层样本。每个参与者都收到了六个描述有症状或无症状的HIV、丙型肝炎或白血病学生的小短文中的一个。在阅读完小短文后，参与者完成了10项披露量表和16项艾滋病毒知识量表。数据分析采用3 × 2因子方差分析。披露量表的得分根据诊断和症状的存在而显著变化。被试对HIV的了解程度相对较高，对HIV的了解程度与是否公开的决定之间没有显著的相关性。

引用次数: 2

Teens in the Twenty-First Century Still Prefer People Over Machines 21世纪的青少年仍然更喜欢人而不是机器

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-02-22 DOI: 10.1300/J499v08n02_06

Sara Pendleton, B. Stanton, L. Cottrell, S. Marshall, R. Pack, James J. Burns, Catherine Gibson, Ying Wu, Xiaoming Li, M. Cole

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess and compare youth satisfaction with two delivery approaches to a HIV/STD risk reduction intervention targeting adolescents: an on-site, face-to-face (FTF) approach versus a long distance interactive televised (DIT) approach. Methods: A convenience sample of 571 rural adolescents ages 12–16 years who participated in an HIV/STD risk reduction program were assessed by an anonymous, written, process evaluation questionnaire. Factor analysis and reliability testing evaluated psychometric properties. Student's t tests evaluated differences between the two intervention approaches for individual items and the four factors. Results: Factor analysis identified four underlying factors: (1) Interventionist Leadership Characteristics, (2) Interventionist Warmth, (3) Connection, and (4) Programmatic Assessment/Clarity: Student's t tests demonstrated that all four factors consistently favored the FTF over the DIT approach (p < .05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that participants randomized to the FTF conditions were significantly more satisfied than the DIT-based group. These findings highlight the need for research regarding program implementation that may alter acceptability of the adolescent HIV risk reduction intervention approach.

摘要:目的:评估并比较针对青少年的两种降低HIV/STD风险干预方式的青少年满意度:现场面对面(FTF)方式与远程互动电视(DIT)方式。方法:采用匿名、书面、过程性评价问卷对571名参加艾滋病/性病风险降低项目的12-16岁农村青少年进行方便抽样。因子分析和信度测试评估了心理测量的特性。学生t检验评估了两种干预方法在单个项目和四个因素上的差异。结果:因子分析确定了四个潜在因素:(1)干预主义者的领导特征，(2)干预主义者的热情，(3)联系，(4)计划评估/清晰度:学生t检验表明，这四个因素一致地倾向于FTF方法而不是DIT方法(p < 0.05)。结论:这些研究结果表明，随机分配到FTF条件的参与者明显比基于dit的组更满意。这些发现强调了对项目实施进行研究的必要性，这可能会改变青少年艾滋病风险降低干预方法的可接受性。

{"title":"Teens in the Twenty-First Century Still Prefer People Over Machines","authors":"Sara Pendleton, B. Stanton, L. Cottrell, S. Marshall, R. Pack, James J. Burns, Catherine Gibson, Ying Wu, Xiaoming Li, M. Cole","doi":"10.1300/J499v08n02_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J499v08n02_06","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess and compare youth satisfaction with two delivery approaches to a HIV/STD risk reduction intervention targeting adolescents: an on-site, face-to-face (FTF) approach versus a long distance interactive televised (DIT) approach. Methods: A convenience sample of 571 rural adolescents ages 12–16 years who participated in an HIV/STD risk reduction program were assessed by an anonymous, written, process evaluation questionnaire. Factor analysis and reliability testing evaluated psychometric properties. Student's t tests evaluated differences between the two intervention approaches for individual items and the four factors. Results: Factor analysis identified four underlying factors: (1) Interventionist Leadership Characteristics, (2) Interventionist Warmth, (3) Connection, and (4) Programmatic Assessment/Clarity: Student's t tests demonstrated that all four factors consistently favored the FTF over the DIT approach (p < .05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that participants randomized to the FTF conditions were significantly more satisfied than the DIT-based group. These findings highlight the need for research regarding program implementation that may alter acceptability of the adolescent HIV risk reduction intervention approach.","PeriodicalId":87475,"journal":{"name":"Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth","volume":"8 1","pages":"115 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J499v08n02_06","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66356792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Randomized Clinical Trial of Motivational Enhancement of Substance Use Treatment Among Incarcerated Adolescents: Post-Release Condom Non-Use. 被监禁青少年药物使用治疗动机强化随机临床试验》（Randomized Clinical Trial of Motivational Enhancement of Substance Use Treatment Among Incarcerated Adolescents：释放后不使用安全套。

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-02-01 DOI: 10.1300/J499v08n02_04

Cynthia Rosengard, L A R Stein, Nancy P Barnett, Peter M Monti, Charles Golembeske, Rebecca Lebeau-Craven, Robert Miranda

Evaluated impact of motivational enhancement (ME) of substance abuse treatment compared to relaxation training (RT) on sex without condoms (overall and involving substance use) 3 months following release among incarcerated adolescents. This randomized clinical trial involved 114 incarcerated adolescents from the Northeast. Regression analyses determined if treatment condition, baseline levels of depressive symptoms, and their interaction predicted condom non-use 3 months post-release, controlling for baseline condom non-use. Among those who reported fewer baseline depressive symptoms, those in ME condition reported significantly less condom non-use, in general and involving marijuana use compared with those in RT condition. Periods of incarceration represent opportunities to help juvenile detainees reduce behaviors that impact their health and the health of those with whom they interact in the community.

评估药物滥用治疗动机增强疗法（ME）与放松训练疗法（RT）相比，对被监禁青少年获释 3 个月后不使用安全套的性行为（总体性行为和涉及药物使用的性行为）的影响。这项随机临床试验涉及来自美国东北部的 114 名被监禁青少年。回归分析确定了治疗条件、基线抑郁症状水平以及它们之间的交互作用是否能预测释放后 3 个月不使用安全套的情况，并对基线不使用安全套的情况进行了控制。在基线抑郁症状较少的人群中，与 RT 条件下的人群相比，ME 条件下的人群在一般情况下和涉及大麻使用的情况下不使用安全套的情况明显较少。监禁期是帮助青少年被拘留者减少影响其健康和社区中与之交往的人的健康的行为的机会。

引用次数: 0

Adjustment of Adolescents of Parents Living with HIV. 父母携带艾滋病毒的青少年的适应。

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10698370802124076

Nancy Wu, Suzanne Slocum, Scott Comulada, Patricia Lester, Alan Semaan, Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus

Family environment and rates of mental health and behavioral problems in HIV-negative adolescents and their parents living with HIV (PWH) were compared to adolescents and parents from non HIV-affected families living in similar inner-city neighborhoods. Adolescents and their parents were interviewed and a case-control sample was constructed. Data on sixty-two matched pairs of adolescents of PWH and those of neighborhood parents and forty-six matched pairs of PWH and HIV-negative parents were examined. Compared to neighborhood controls, adolescents of PWH experienced greater life stressors and family conflict and reported lower self-esteem. PWH reported greater emotional distress and substance use. However, there were no significant differences in emotional distress or externalized problem behaviors between the two adolescent groups. Clinical implications are discussed.

将艾滋病毒阴性青少年及其父母感染艾滋病毒(PWH)的家庭环境、心理健康和行为问题的发生率与生活在类似城市社区的非艾滋病毒感染家庭的青少年和父母进行比较。对青少年及其父母进行访谈，构建病例对照样本。对62对PWH青少年及其邻居父母和46对PWH与hiv阴性父母的配对数据进行了分析。与社区对照组相比，PWH青少年经历了更大的生活压力和家庭冲突，并报告了更低的自尊。PWH报告了更大的情绪困扰和药物使用。然而，两组青少年在情绪困扰和外化问题行为方面没有显著差异。讨论了临床意义。

引用次数: 5

An Ecological Model of Stressors Experienced by Youth Newly Diagnosed With HIV. 新诊断为HIV的青少年所经历的压力源生态模型。

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15538340902824118

Sybil G Hosek, Gary W Harper, Diana Lemos, Jaime Martinez

This study qualitatively examined the social-ecological stressors that youth experience during the first year following an HIV diagnosis. Thirty HIV-positive youth (16 males, 14 females) between the ages of 16-24 participated in either focus groups or individual interviews. All sessions were transcribed and themes were identified through cross-case and comparative analyses. Participants reported experiencing stressors within multiple social-ecological systems, including interactions with their families, sexual partners, health care providers, work, and school. The results from this study highlight the need for youth-focused services that assist with multiple layers of stressors during the first year following an HIV diagnosis.

本研究定性地考察了青少年在HIV诊断后第一年所经历的社会生态压力源。30名年龄在16-24岁之间的艾滋病毒阳性青年(16名男性，14名女性)参加了焦点小组或个人访谈。所有会议都进行了记录，并通过跨案例和比较分析确定了主题。参与者报告了来自多个社会生态系统的压力源，包括与家人、性伴侣、卫生保健提供者、工作和学校的互动。这项研究的结果强调了需要以青年为重点的服务，在艾滋病毒诊断后的第一年帮助解决多层压力源。

引用次数: 66

首页上一页

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Journal of HIV/AIDS prevention in children & youth

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀