Pub Date : 2011-11-30DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.623096
Donald R. DuRousseau, G. Mindlin, Joseph S. Insler, I. I. Levin
The objective of this study was to determine if a music-based intervention could be successfully used by a group of law enforcement officers and firefighters to improve measures of sleep quality, mood, and daytime function. The Wellness Program Study included 41 male and female first responders who volunteered to participate in the 8-week study investigating the use of a music-based neurofeedback therapy known as Brain Music (BM). Creating the individualized BM recordings required 5 min of brain wave activity from 4 sensors located at F3, F4, C3 and C4 sites. The music consisted of two MP3 files, one for activating and the other for relaxing, where the ratios of peak frequencies in the delta (1–4 Hz) through beta (up to 30 Hz) EEG bands were used to select the notes used and their characteristics (e.g., duration, pitch, amplitude, and symmetry) as a means to individualize the compositions for each subject. Results of the study indicated statistically significant improvements in 4 behavioral measures: slee...
{"title":"Operational Study to Evaluate Music-Based Neurotraining at Improving Sleep Quality, Mood, and Daytime Function in a First Responder Population","authors":"Donald R. DuRousseau, G. Mindlin, Joseph S. Insler, I. I. Levin","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.623096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.623096","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine if a music-based intervention could be successfully used by a group of law enforcement officers and firefighters to improve measures of sleep quality, mood, and daytime function. The Wellness Program Study included 41 male and female first responders who volunteered to participate in the 8-week study investigating the use of a music-based neurofeedback therapy known as Brain Music (BM). Creating the individualized BM recordings required 5 min of brain wave activity from 4 sensors located at F3, F4, C3 and C4 sites. The music consisted of two MP3 files, one for activating and the other for relaxing, where the ratios of peak frequencies in the delta (1–4 Hz) through beta (up to 30 Hz) EEG bands were used to select the notes used and their characteristics (e.g., duration, pitch, amplitude, and symmetry) as a means to individualize the compositions for each subject. Results of the study indicated statistically significant improvements in 4 behavioral measures: slee...","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"389-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.623096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-30DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.623088
M. Arns, R. Lyle
{"title":"Neurofeedback and QEEG: The Space-Race …","authors":"M. Arns, R. Lyle","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.623088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.623088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"289-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.623088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-30DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.623092
E. Angelakis, E. Liouta
Low-intensity transcranial current stimulation is a rapidly growing field of research. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is the dominant paradigm of this new field, with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) just emerging. Anodal stimulation with tDCS has excitatory effects on the underlying cortex, whereas cathodal stimulation has inhibitory effects. Because both electrodes have significant brain effects when placed at cephalic areas, the term “reference” electrode should be avoided. Most studies have applied tDCS to the motor cortex, the prefrontal cortex, and the occipital cortex. Applications of tDCS include modulation of electrophysiological and hemodynamic brain activity, symptom reduction in neurological and psychiatric pathology, and cognitive improvement in healthy volunteers or clinical populations. There is evidence of motor improvement in patients with stroke, pain reduction in fibromyalgia, improved mood in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression, and reduced c...
{"title":"Transcranial Electrical Stimulation: Methodology and Applications","authors":"E. Angelakis, E. Liouta","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.623092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.623092","url":null,"abstract":"Low-intensity transcranial current stimulation is a rapidly growing field of research. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is the dominant paradigm of this new field, with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) just emerging. Anodal stimulation with tDCS has excitatory effects on the underlying cortex, whereas cathodal stimulation has inhibitory effects. Because both electrodes have significant brain effects when placed at cephalic areas, the term “reference” electrode should be avoided. Most studies have applied tDCS to the motor cortex, the prefrontal cortex, and the occipital cortex. Applications of tDCS include modulation of electrophysiological and hemodynamic brain activity, symptom reduction in neurological and psychiatric pathology, and cognitive improvement in healthy volunteers or clinical populations. There is evidence of motor improvement in patients with stroke, pain reduction in fibromyalgia, improved mood in patients with unipolar or bipolar depression, and reduced c...","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"337-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.623092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-30DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.623093
Rex L. Cannon, Cynthia Kerson, A. Hampshire
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental psychiatric disorder thought to affect approximately 5 to 10% of school-age children, of whom 30 to 65% continue to exhibit symptoms into adulthood. The prevalence of ADHD in adults is also an estimated 4%, second only to depression. Across studies there appear to be significant network dysfunctions involved in ADHD. Typically the foci of interest in ADHD included the insular cortices, frontal lobes, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. More recently, attention has been directed to the default network of the brain and its functional integrity in ADHD with focus on the precuneus and parietal lobes and interactions with medial prefrontal cortices. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures neurovascular coupling as measured by the blood oxygenated level dependent signal (BOLD). Electroencephalogram (EEG) measures brain electrical information. Because fMRI is an indirect measure of neuronal activity and EEG is a direct measure, combining...
{"title":"sLORETA and fMRI Detection of Medial Prefrontal Default Network Anomalies in Adult ADHD","authors":"Rex L. Cannon, Cynthia Kerson, A. Hampshire","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.623093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.623093","url":null,"abstract":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental psychiatric disorder thought to affect approximately 5 to 10% of school-age children, of whom 30 to 65% continue to exhibit symptoms into adulthood. The prevalence of ADHD in adults is also an estimated 4%, second only to depression. Across studies there appear to be significant network dysfunctions involved in ADHD. Typically the foci of interest in ADHD included the insular cortices, frontal lobes, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. More recently, attention has been directed to the default network of the brain and its functional integrity in ADHD with focus on the precuneus and parietal lobes and interactions with medial prefrontal cortices. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures neurovascular coupling as measured by the blood oxygenated level dependent signal (BOLD). Electroencephalogram (EEG) measures brain electrical information. Because fMRI is an indirect measure of neuronal activity and EEG is a direct measure, combining...","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"358-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.623093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-08-25DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.597260
Bill Scott
It stands to reason that the better the extracted information from the electroencephalogram (EEG), the better the data analysis and subsequent EEG biofeedback. At the core of digital signal processing used in our field is a linear filtering technology that discards significant EEG features. Brainwaves are nonlinear, nonstationary, and noisy signals. The purpose of this letter to the editor is to illuminate the Hilbert-Huang Transform's (HHT's) (Huang et al., 1998) ability to empirically quantify nonlinear, nonstationary signals such as the EEG. I demonstrate how this technique can detect and extract a tiny noisy complex waveform from a raw signal while preserving the majority of the important information from the original source. I contrast and compare the HHT to other quantitative techniques.
因此，从脑电图中提取的信息越好，数据分析和后续的脑电图生物反馈就越好。在我们的领域中使用的数字信号处理的核心是线性滤波技术，该技术丢弃了重要的EEG特征。脑电波是非线性的、非平稳的、有噪声的信号。这封致编辑的信的目的是阐明Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT) (Huang et al.， 1998)经验量化非线性、非平稳信号(如脑电图)的能力。我演示了这种技术如何从原始信号中检测和提取微小的噪声复杂波形，同时保留原始信号中的大部分重要信息。我将HHT与其他定量技术进行对比和比较。
{"title":"Developments in EEG Analysis, Protocol Selection, and Feedback Delivery","authors":"Bill Scott","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.597260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.597260","url":null,"abstract":"It stands to reason that the better the extracted information from the electroencephalogram (EEG), the better the data analysis and subsequent EEG biofeedback. At the core of digital signal processing used in our field is a linear filtering technology that discards significant EEG features. Brainwaves are nonlinear, nonstationary, and noisy signals. The purpose of this letter to the editor is to illuminate the Hilbert-Huang Transform's (HHT's) (Huang et al., 1998) ability to empirically quantify nonlinear, nonstationary signals such as the EEG. I demonstrate how this technique can detect and extract a tiny noisy complex waveform from a raw signal while preserving the majority of the important information from the original source. I contrast and compare the HHT to other quantitative techniques.","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"262-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.597260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-08-25DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.597267
R. Lyle
{"title":"A Review of: “Neuroanatomy for Students of Behavioral Disorders. Ronald L. Green, MD and Robyn L. Ostander, MD.”","authors":"R. Lyle","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.597267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.597267","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"268-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.597267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-08-25DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.595298
E. Sokhadze, Christopher Stewart, A. Tasman, R. Daniels, D. Trudeau
Neurofeedback is a type of operant conditioning in which an individual modifies the frequency, amplitude, or other characteristic of his or her own brain activity as measured by EEG. Neurofeedback-training-based neurotherapy is one of the potentially efficacious nonpharmacological treatment options for substance use disorders (SUD) in adults, but it is also a very promising as a treatment modality for adolescents, especially those with stimulant abuse and attention and conduct problems. There is practically no literature on the use of neurofeedback in adolescent drug abusers. Treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with neurofeedback has already gained substantial empirical support in recent years. Short-term effects were shown to be comparable to those of stimulant medication at the behavioral and neuropsychological level, leading to significant decreases of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. In addition, neurofeedback results in concomitant improvement and normalizations o...
{"title":"Review of Rationale for Neurofeedback Application in Adolescent Substance Abusers with Comorbid Disruptive Behavioral Disorders","authors":"E. Sokhadze, Christopher Stewart, A. Tasman, R. Daniels, D. Trudeau","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.595298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.595298","url":null,"abstract":"Neurofeedback is a type of operant conditioning in which an individual modifies the frequency, amplitude, or other characteristic of his or her own brain activity as measured by EEG. Neurofeedback-training-based neurotherapy is one of the potentially efficacious nonpharmacological treatment options for substance use disorders (SUD) in adults, but it is also a very promising as a treatment modality for adolescents, especially those with stimulant abuse and attention and conduct problems. There is practically no literature on the use of neurofeedback in adolescent drug abusers. Treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with neurofeedback has already gained substantial empirical support in recent years. Short-term effects were shown to be comparable to those of stimulant medication at the behavioral and neuropsychological level, leading to significant decreases of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. In addition, neurofeedback results in concomitant improvement and normalizations o...","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"232-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.595298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-08-25DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.597255
George H. Green, John C. Lemay
There are numerous scholarly documents with accurate and thorough explanations of the basis of the mathematical processes that have become essential to the field of psychophysiology. Review of many of these has revealed a pervasive emphasis on the technical and theoretical aspects of these formulae and theories with little or no emphasis on the primary and basic understanding of their development and application. This article specifically bridges the gap between the introduction of several cogent mathematical concepts and their ultimate applications within the field of applied psychophysiology, biofeedback, and neurofeedback. Special attention is given to the distinction between transforms and calculations and some of the statistical methods used to analyze them. Because the focus of this article is to enhance conceptual comprehension, integral, differential, and matrix mathematics are not referenced in any of the examples or explanations with the primary reliance on some algebra with verbal and pictorial...
{"title":"Transforms and Calculations: Behind the Mathematics of Psychophysiology","authors":"George H. Green, John C. Lemay","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.597255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.597255","url":null,"abstract":"There are numerous scholarly documents with accurate and thorough explanations of the basis of the mathematical processes that have become essential to the field of psychophysiology. Review of many of these has revealed a pervasive emphasis on the technical and theoretical aspects of these formulae and theories with little or no emphasis on the primary and basic understanding of their development and application. This article specifically bridges the gap between the introduction of several cogent mathematical concepts and their ultimate applications within the field of applied psychophysiology, biofeedback, and neurofeedback. Special attention is given to the distinction between transforms and calculations and some of the statistical methods used to analyze them. Because the focus of this article is to enhance conceptual comprehension, integral, differential, and matrix mathematics are not referenced in any of the examples or explanations with the primary reliance on some algebra with verbal and pictorial...","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"214-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.597255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-08-25DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.595295
A. Clarke, R. Barry, R. McCarthy, M. Selikowitz
The aim of this study was to determine whether EEG activity in specific bands correlated with the core behavioral symptoms of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). Sixty boys diagnosed with AD/HD Combined type and 60 age-matched male controls participated in this study. An EEG was recorded during an eyes-closed resting condition and relative power estimates in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands, and the theta/beta ratio, were calculated. The EEG measures of the AD/HD group were converted to z scores relative to the controls, and these were correlated with scores on the Conners' Rating Scale obtained from a parent. The AD/HD group had global increases in theta activity and the theta/beta ratio, increased frontal delta, with reduced global alpha and frontal beta activity. Frontal theta activity correlated with inattention, the theta/beta ratio correlated with hyperactivity-impulsivity, and both measures correlated with a Combined type diagnosis. EEG power anomalies in AD/HD ar...
{"title":"Correlation Between EEG Activity and Behavior in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"A. Clarke, R. Barry, R. McCarthy, M. Selikowitz","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.595295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.595295","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine whether EEG activity in specific bands correlated with the core behavioral symptoms of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). Sixty boys diagnosed with AD/HD Combined type and 60 age-matched male controls participated in this study. An EEG was recorded during an eyes-closed resting condition and relative power estimates in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands, and the theta/beta ratio, were calculated. The EEG measures of the AD/HD group were converted to z scores relative to the controls, and these were correlated with scores on the Conners' Rating Scale obtained from a parent. The AD/HD group had global increases in theta activity and the theta/beta ratio, increased frontal delta, with reduced global alpha and frontal beta activity. Frontal theta activity correlated with inattention, the theta/beta ratio correlated with hyperactivity-impulsivity, and both measures correlated with a Combined type diagnosis. EEG power anomalies in AD/HD ar...","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"193-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.595295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-20DOI: 10.1080/10874208.2011.570690
M. Arns, D. Ridder
{"title":"Neurofeedback 2.0","authors":"M. Arns, D. Ridder","doi":"10.1080/10874208.2011.570690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10874208.2011.570690","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":"91-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10874208.2011.570690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59805471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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