Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.51955
Nur Jamila, Alief Putriana Rahman, Fauzan Humaidi
Jamu is one of the traditional medicines because most herbal medicine uses natural ingredients or plants. One of the safety of herbal medicine is the absence of abuse such as the addition of artificial sweeteners in the form of cyclamate. Cyclamate is one of the artificial sweeteners that has a sweetness level 30 times higher than natural sweeteners. Excessive use of cyclamate will cause cancer and tumors. The purpose of this study is to determine the presence or absence of cyclamate content and levels in ready-to-drink herbal medicine without a brand sold in the Pamekasan City market. This research was conducted qualitatively with precipitation methods and quantitative with gravimetric methods. From qualitative research, the results of sample A found a white precipitate which indicates a positive sample containing cyclamate. While samples B and C found no deposits indicating that the sample was negative cyclamate. Furthermore, a positive sample is carried out quantitative testing. In determining cyclamate levels, sodium cyclamate levels in sample A were obtained at 4.8047 g/kg. so that the serving rate or per 1 bottle of herbal medicine contains 115.312 g/0.6 kg and this exceeds the threshold determined by BPOM Regulations which is 1.25 g/kg. The conclusion of this study is that 1 out of 3 positive samples contains cyclamate with levels that exceed the threshold determined by BPOM RI No. 32 of 2019.
Jamu 是传统药物之一，因为大多数草药都使用天然成分或植物。草药的安全性之一是不会被滥用，如添加甜蜜素形式的人工甜味剂。甜蜜素是一种人工甜味剂，其甜度是天然甜味剂的 30 倍。过量使用甜蜜素会导致癌症和肿瘤。本研究的目的是确定在 Pamekasan 市市场上销售的无品牌即饮草药中是否含有环己基氨基甲酸酯及其含量。本研究采用沉淀法进行定性研究，采用重量法进行定量研究。定性研究结果显示，样品 A 发现了白色沉淀，表明样品中含有环己基氨基甲酸酯。而样品 B 和 C 没有发现沉淀物，表明样品中的甜蜜素为阴性。此外，还对阳性样品进行了定量检测。在确定甜蜜素含量时，A 样品中的甜蜜素含量为 4.8047 克/千克，因此每瓶中药的食用量或含量为 115.312 克/0.6 千克，超过了《口腔健康条例》规定的阈值（1.25 克/千克）。这项研究的结论是，在 3 个阳性样品中，有 1 个样品中的甜蜜素含量超过了 BPOM RI 2019 年第 32 号规定所确定的阈值。
{"title":"Analysis of Cyclamate Content in Unbranded Instant Herbal Medicinal Drink on Market in the City of Pamekasan","authors":"Nur Jamila, Alief Putriana Rahman, Fauzan Humaidi","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.51955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.51955","url":null,"abstract":"Jamu is one of the traditional medicines because most herbal medicine uses natural ingredients or plants. One of the safety of herbal medicine is the absence of abuse such as the addition of artificial sweeteners in the form of cyclamate. Cyclamate is one of the artificial sweeteners that has a sweetness level 30 times higher than natural sweeteners. Excessive use of cyclamate will cause cancer and tumors. The purpose of this study is to determine the presence or absence of cyclamate content and levels in ready-to-drink herbal medicine without a brand sold in the Pamekasan City market. This research was conducted qualitatively with precipitation methods and quantitative with gravimetric methods. From qualitative research, the results of sample A found a white precipitate which indicates a positive sample containing cyclamate. While samples B and C found no deposits indicating that the sample was negative cyclamate. Furthermore, a positive sample is carried out quantitative testing. In determining cyclamate levels, sodium cyclamate levels in sample A were obtained at 4.8047 g/kg. so that the serving rate or per 1 bottle of herbal medicine contains 115.312 g/0.6 kg and this exceeds the threshold determined by BPOM Regulations which is 1.25 g/kg. The conclusion of this study is that 1 out of 3 positive samples contains cyclamate with levels that exceed the threshold determined by BPOM RI No. 32 of 2019.","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"78 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.38479
Alief Putriana Rahman, Liana, Syaifiyatul H, Ach Faruk Alrosyidi
Face cream is a treatment cream used to treat facial skin. One of the natural plant ingredients that can be used as an active substance in cream preparations is soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) which have antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to formulate cream preparations from soursop leaf ethanol extract as well as the antioxidant activity of face cream preparations. Soursop leaves were extracted by maceration using a 96% ethanol solvent. Cream preparations in physical quality evaluation include organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, spread power, sticking power, centrifugation, determination of emulsion type, and antioxidant activity test with DPPH method at 𝜆 511,5 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results that organoleptic cream preparations had color differences. The pH of FI, FII, and FIII creams had an average yield of 6,0-6,6 and were homogeneous. All creams had a viscosity value of 49950 cPs and scatter power at 5,2-5,7 cm. FI, FII, and FIII creams fixed power test with an average value of 26,5-46,5 and physically stable at centrifugation tests with cream emulsion type of O/W. Based on the antioxidant activity, the facial creams of ethanol extract from soursop leaves of FI (3%), FII (5%), and FIII (7%) had IC50 values of 80,64, 46,06, and 10,91 ppm respectively. So this study concluded that the facial cream of ethanol extract from soursop leaves at FI, FII, and FIII meet the physical stability requirements based on organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, scatter power, clinging power, centrifugation, and emulsion type tests. FI cream had strong antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 80,64 ppm), then FII and FIII had very strong antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 46,06 and 10,91 ppm. Keywords: Cream, Formulation, Antioxidant, Ethanol extract, Soursop leaves
{"title":"Antioxidant Face Cream Formulation of Ethanol Extract from Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L)","authors":"Alief Putriana Rahman, Liana, Syaifiyatul H, Ach Faruk Alrosyidi","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.38479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.38479","url":null,"abstract":"Face cream is a treatment cream used to treat facial skin. One of the natural plant ingredients that can be used as an active substance in cream preparations is soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) which have antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to formulate cream preparations from soursop leaf ethanol extract as well as the antioxidant activity of face cream preparations. Soursop leaves were extracted by maceration using a 96% ethanol solvent. Cream preparations in physical quality evaluation include organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, spread power, sticking power, centrifugation, determination of emulsion type, and antioxidant activity test with DPPH method at 𝜆 511,5 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results that organoleptic cream preparations had color differences. The pH of FI, FII, and FIII creams had an average yield of 6,0-6,6 and were homogeneous. All creams had a viscosity value of 49950 cPs and scatter power at 5,2-5,7 cm. FI, FII, and FIII creams fixed power test with an average value of 26,5-46,5 and physically stable at centrifugation tests with cream emulsion type of O/W. Based on the antioxidant activity, the facial creams of ethanol extract from soursop leaves of FI (3%), FII (5%), and FIII (7%) had IC50 values of 80,64, 46,06, and 10,91 ppm respectively. So this study concluded that the facial cream of ethanol extract from soursop leaves at FI, FII, and FIII meet the physical stability requirements based on organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, scatter power, clinging power, centrifugation, and emulsion type tests. FI cream had strong antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 80,64 ppm), then FII and FIII had very strong antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 46,06 and 10,91 ppm. Keywords: Cream, Formulation, Antioxidant, Ethanol extract, Soursop leaves","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139204495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.46518
Denayu Pebrianti, Mikhael Ardi Kristiawan, Rima Hidayatul Qoiriyah, Siti Nur Kholisah, Aulia Hanin Fakhira, Laila Nur Azizah, Cindi Dia Rakhmawati, Muhammad Hilal Salim, Aviatus Solikhah, Rohana Ayu Pramesti, Rika Putri Septiawati, Melanny Ika Sulistyowati, Muh. Agus Syamsur Rijal
Skin is the part of the outer body that is most often exposed to external factors, especially ultraviolet radiation. The skin has an important role in supporting the appearance so that it can affect human social life. Skin aging is a process of decreasing the body's physiological functions that cannot be avoided. The aging process of the skin can be caused by a decrease in collagen density and replacement of essential structural proteins so that the skin loses its integrity and elasticity. Collagen is the most abundant protein in humans which can be found in bones, muscles, skin and tendons. Several studies have shown that damaged collagen fibers can be replaced by new fibers when collagen production is stimulated, which is why many cosmetic industries are competing to develop the use of collagen. Collagen has shown potential as an antioxidant, skin moisturizer, and anti-aging. Therefore, this article examines the benefits of collagen, especially in the cosmetic field. This article also discusses the sources of collagen with the best properties as active ingredients for skin care products
{"title":"Potential of Collagen as an Active Ingredient in Cosmetics","authors":"Denayu Pebrianti, Mikhael Ardi Kristiawan, Rima Hidayatul Qoiriyah, Siti Nur Kholisah, Aulia Hanin Fakhira, Laila Nur Azizah, Cindi Dia Rakhmawati, Muhammad Hilal Salim, Aviatus Solikhah, Rohana Ayu Pramesti, Rika Putri Septiawati, Melanny Ika Sulistyowati, Muh. Agus Syamsur Rijal","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.46518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.46518","url":null,"abstract":"Skin is the part of the outer body that is most often exposed to external factors, especially ultraviolet radiation. The skin has an important role in supporting the appearance so that it can affect human social life. Skin aging is a process of decreasing the body's physiological functions that cannot be avoided. The aging process of the skin can be caused by a decrease in collagen density and replacement of essential structural proteins so that the skin loses its integrity and elasticity. Collagen is the most abundant protein in humans which can be found in bones, muscles, skin and tendons. Several studies have shown that damaged collagen fibers can be replaced by new fibers when collagen production is stimulated, which is why many cosmetic industries are competing to develop the use of collagen. Collagen has shown potential as an antioxidant, skin moisturizer, and anti-aging. Therefore, this article examines the benefits of collagen, especially in the cosmetic field. This article also discusses the sources of collagen with the best properties as active ingredients for skin care products","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.47179
Aneu Aryani
Cefotaxime sodium is an antibiotic drug that is included in the third-generation cephalosporin group. The aims of this research is to validate the method used for the analysis of cefotaxime sodium injection powder using HPLC. Parameters performed in this study include system suitability, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, Limit of Detection (LOD), and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ). In this study, the mobile phase used was phosphate buffer pH 6,25 with methanol in the ratio of (30:70), (40:60), (50:50), (60:40) and (70:30) v/v. The analysis was carried out using a 150 × 4,6 mm 5µm C18 column and phosphate buffer pH 6,25 with methanol (40:60) v/v as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1 mL/min, detector at wavelength 235 nm. The results showed that the system suitability test results met the requirements, plate number of 2288, standard deviation 0,93% and tailing factor 1,3. The linearity results met the requirements of r ≥ 0,999 with LOD and LOQ value of 3,3894 ×10-4 mg/mL 1,0271 ×10-3 mg/mL respectively. The accuracy results obtained a recovery value 99,30%, RSD 0,48%, precision results of repeatability and intermediate with RSD 0,38% and 0,85%, respectively, robustness test results obtained a recovery value of 100,25% and RSD 0,85%. The results showed that the recovery values (98-102%) and RSD ≤ 1,5% were in accordance with the validation requirements. It can be concluded that the validation of the proposed method is recommended and can be used for routine analysis
{"title":"Validation of Analytical Method of Testing Cefotaxime Sodium in Injection Powder Preparation by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography","authors":"Aneu Aryani","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.47179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.47179","url":null,"abstract":"Cefotaxime sodium is an antibiotic drug that is included in the third-generation cephalosporin group. The aims of this research is to validate the method used for the analysis of cefotaxime sodium injection powder using HPLC. Parameters performed in this study include system suitability, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, Limit of Detection (LOD), and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ). In this study, the mobile phase used was phosphate buffer pH 6,25 with methanol in the ratio of (30:70), (40:60), (50:50), (60:40) and (70:30) v/v. The analysis was carried out using a 150 × 4,6 mm 5µm C18 column and phosphate buffer pH 6,25 with methanol (40:60) v/v as a mobile phase with a flow rate of 1 mL/min, detector at wavelength 235 nm. The results showed that the system suitability test results met the requirements, plate number of 2288, standard deviation 0,93% and tailing factor 1,3. The linearity results met the requirements of r ≥ 0,999 with LOD and LOQ value of 3,3894 ×10-4 mg/mL 1,0271 ×10-3 mg/mL respectively. The accuracy results obtained a recovery value 99,30%, RSD 0,48%, precision results of repeatability and intermediate with RSD 0,38% and 0,85%, respectively, robustness test results obtained a recovery value of 100,25% and RSD 0,85%. The results showed that the recovery values (98-102%) and RSD ≤ 1,5% were in accordance with the validation requirements. It can be concluded that the validation of the proposed method is recommended and can be used for routine analysis","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"368 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.51706
Trisiyana Sholika Sari, Idha Kusumawati, Isnaeni
The roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), is known as a potential functional food source because of its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Apart from that, it is also used as a natural dye because of its red color. Antioxidant compounds in roselle flowers include neo-chlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, routine, and isoquercitrin. The high content of these antioxidant compounds often causes color instability. For this reason, this research will analyze the effect of temperature and long storage on color changes and the antioxidant activity of a red roselle flower infusion. Storage conditions are carried out with three temperature variations, namely cold temperature (2–8 oC), cool temperature (8–15 oC), and room temperature (15–30oC), with a long storage of 8 days. The stability parameters used are color changes and activity as an antioxidant. Color changes were measured using a chromameter, while the antioxidant activity was measured by the IC50 value using the DPPH method. The principle of this method is that a purple color change reaction based, which fades, and then the inhibitory intensity against DPPH is measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. It was found that the color values have significant differences visible from the first day storage at the room temperature (30oC), cool temperature (11oC), and cold temperature (6 oC). So, there was an influence of temperature and long storage on the color change of boiled red roselle flower calyx. A significant decrease in activity was seen on the first day storage at room temperature (30 oC) and third day storage at cool temperature (11 oC). Meanwhile, at cold temperatures (6 oC), there was no significant effect on the reduction in activity from boiling red roselle flower calyx for up to 8 days of storage
{"title":"Color Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Red Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Calyx Infuse","authors":"Trisiyana Sholika Sari, Idha Kusumawati, Isnaeni","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.51706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i2.51706","url":null,"abstract":"The roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), is known as a potential functional food source because of its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Apart from that, it is also used as a natural dye because of its red color. Antioxidant compounds in roselle flowers include neo-chlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, routine, and isoquercitrin. The high content of these antioxidant compounds often causes color instability. For this reason, this research will analyze the effect of temperature and long storage on color changes and the antioxidant activity of a red roselle flower infusion. Storage conditions are carried out with three temperature variations, namely cold temperature (2–8 oC), cool temperature (8–15 oC), and room temperature (15–30oC), with a long storage of 8 days. The stability parameters used are color changes and activity as an antioxidant. Color changes were measured using a chromameter, while the antioxidant activity was measured by the IC50 value using the DPPH method. The principle of this method is that a purple color change reaction based, which fades, and then the inhibitory intensity against DPPH is measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. It was found that the color values have significant differences visible from the first day storage at the room temperature (30oC), cool temperature (11oC), and cold temperature (6 oC). So, there was an influence of temperature and long storage on the color change of boiled red roselle flower calyx. A significant decrease in activity was seen on the first day storage at room temperature (30 oC) and third day storage at cool temperature (11 oC). Meanwhile, at cold temperatures (6 oC), there was no significant effect on the reduction in activity from boiling red roselle flower calyx for up to 8 days of storage","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139207206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aimed to evaluate the activity of Vitamin E as an antioxidant in oral pharmaceutical preparations. Vitamin E is an essential nutrition soluble in fat that has the pharmacology effect as an antioxidant. Vitamin E consists of α, β, γ, δ-tocopherol and α, β, γ, δ-tocotrienol. The activity of vitamin E was observed for its ability to inhibit reduction using the DPPH method. The antioxidant activity is calculated as an inhibition concentration of 50% (IC50) which is the concentration of a sample that can reduce 50% of DPPH. It was known that IC50 of vitamin E was very strong with value of 42.86%. Based on the article review, it can be concluded that the activity of Vitamin E as an antioxidant in oral pharmaceutical preparations was very high and strong. Keywords: Vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol, antioxidant, activity, IC50, oral pharmaceutical preparations
本文旨在评估维生素 E 在口服药物制剂中作为抗氧化剂的活性。维生素 E 是一种可溶于脂肪的必需营养物质，具有抗氧化剂的药理作用。维生素 E 由 α、β、γ、δ-生育酚和α、β、γ、δ-生育三烯酚组成。维生素 E 的活性是通过 DPPH 法观察其抑制还原的能力。抗氧化活性是以 50%的抑制浓度（IC50）来计算的，即样品能减少 50%的 DPPH 的浓度。据了解，维生素 E 的 IC50 值为 42.86%，非常强大。根据文章综述，可以得出结论：维生素 E 作为一种抗氧化剂，在口服药物制剂中的活性非常高且强。关键词：维生素 E维生素 E、α-生育酚、抗氧化剂、活性、IC50、口服药物制剂
{"title":"Evaluation of Oral Preparations of Vitamin E as Antioxidant Using DPPH Method (Diphenyl picrylhydrazyl)","authors":"Broto Anung Laksono, Nawal Ariqoh, Rif’at, Tsabitah ‘Afiy, Arsyah, Erlisa Alya Hanifah, Evi, Wiela Astuti, Happy Rizki Rakhmawati, Clarisa Dian Cahyani, Hanun Najwa, Ariesta Yusuf Adyatama, Dena Septiyani, Zabrina Izatti Rachman, Agda Rismafuri, Mukti Kirana, Achmad Toto, Purnomo, Retno Sari","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.47115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.47115","url":null,"abstract":"This article aimed to evaluate the activity of Vitamin E as an antioxidant in oral pharmaceutical preparations. Vitamin E is an essential nutrition soluble in fat that has the pharmacology effect as an antioxidant. Vitamin E consists of α, β, γ, δ-tocopherol and α, β, γ, δ-tocotrienol. The activity of vitamin E was observed for its ability to inhibit reduction using the DPPH method. The antioxidant activity is calculated as an inhibition concentration of 50% (IC50) which is the concentration of a sample that can reduce 50% of DPPH. It was known that IC50 of vitamin E was very strong with value of 42.86%. Based on the article review, it can be concluded that the activity of Vitamin E as an antioxidant in oral pharmaceutical preparations was very high and strong. Keywords: Vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol, antioxidant, activity, IC50, oral pharmaceutical preparations","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Curcuma heyneana or Temu Giring contains curcumin which has anti-aging potential and is traditionally used as a body scrub. This potential comes from the active ingredient (curcumin) which can prevent premature aging with its activity as an antioxidant, inhibitor of the tyrosinase enzyme, and inhibitor of the collagenase enzyme. So, it can prevent hyperpigmentation and inhibit the breakdown of collagen which can have an impact on skin aging. Oral dosage forms for anti-aging are starting to be found on the market and becoming a trend because of their convenient use. However, it is known that curcumin as an active ingredient of Temugiring, has poor solubility and bioavailability. The bioavailability of curcumin is low when administered orally due to its low absorption and its stability which decreases significantly when the pH is above 7. This study is a literature review of national and international literature databases that aims to determine the potential for increasing the bioavailability of curcumin using solid dispersion techniques. The results obtained indicate that making Temu Giring extract tablets containing curcumin using the solid dispersion method can increase the bioavailability of curcumin by overcoming the poor solubility, permeability, absorption, and stability of curcumin. By designing the Temu Giring extract using a solid dispersion method, the curcumin can be completely dissolved and released into the stomach. Keywords: Curcuma heyneana, Temu Giring, anti-aging, tablet, curcuminoid, antioxidant, solid dispersion.
莪术或 Temu Giring 含有姜黄素，具有抗衰老的潜力，传统上被用作身体磨砂膏。姜黄素的抗衰老潜力来自其活性成分（姜黄素），姜黄素具有抗氧化、抑制酪氨酸酶和抑制胶原酶的活性，可以防止过早衰老。因此，它可以防止色素沉着，抑制胶原蛋白的分解，从而对皮肤老化产生影响。抗衰老口服剂型开始在市场上出现，并因其使用方便而成为一种趋势。然而，众所周知，姜黄素作为 Temugiring 的活性成分，其溶解性和生物利用度较差。姜黄素口服后的生物利用率很低，这是因为其吸收率低，而且当 pH 值高于 7 时，其稳定性会明显降低。本研究是对国内和国际文献数据库的一次文献综述，旨在确定利用固体分散技术提高姜黄素生物利用率的潜力。研究结果表明，利用固体分散法制作含有姜黄素的特木吉林提取物片剂，可以克服姜黄素溶解性、渗透性、吸收性和稳定性差的问题，从而提高姜黄素的生物利用率。通过采用固体分散法设计特木吉林提取物，姜黄素可以完全溶解并释放到胃中。关键词莪术 Temu Giring 抗衰老 片剂 姜黄素 抗氧化剂 固体分散剂
{"title":"Improving the Bioavailability of Curcumin in Curcuma heyneana by Preparing Solid Dispersion","authors":"Sudjarwo Sudjarwo, Jihan Bobsaid, Farhan Rizqi Windianto, Chaerini Rizkyah, Nurul Shaffiqa, Anggara Satria Putra, Mochammad Iqbal Jaelani, Yasmin Zulfah, Andwynanda Bhadra Nareswari, Septia Indah Fridayanti S, Nabilah Apsari Devitri, Nikolas Yakub, Yushalluuna Bekti Pasuka Putri, Retno Widyowati","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.44546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.44546","url":null,"abstract":"Curcuma heyneana or Temu Giring contains curcumin which has anti-aging potential and is traditionally used as a body scrub. This potential comes from the active ingredient (curcumin) which can prevent premature aging with its activity as an antioxidant, inhibitor of the tyrosinase enzyme, and inhibitor of the collagenase enzyme. So, it can prevent hyperpigmentation and inhibit the breakdown of collagen which can have an impact on skin aging. Oral dosage forms for anti-aging are starting to be found on the market and becoming a trend because of their convenient use. However, it is known that curcumin as an active ingredient of Temugiring, has poor solubility and bioavailability. The bioavailability of curcumin is low when administered orally due to its low absorption and its stability which decreases significantly when the pH is above 7. This study is a literature review of national and international literature databases that aims to determine the potential for increasing the bioavailability of curcumin using solid dispersion techniques. The results obtained indicate that making Temu Giring extract tablets containing curcumin using the solid dispersion method can increase the bioavailability of curcumin by overcoming the poor solubility, permeability, absorption, and stability of curcumin. By designing the Temu Giring extract using a solid dispersion method, the curcumin can be completely dissolved and released into the stomach. Keywords: Curcuma heyneana, Temu Giring, anti-aging, tablet, curcuminoid, antioxidant, solid dispersion.","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.51432
Zulfiyah Emaz, Amirudin Prawita
Quercetin is a flavonoid from Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. which has a variety of potential therapeutic. Therefore, this research is needed to determine the quercetin content in Averrhoa bilimbi L.’s extract powder. Method Validation is performed to ensure that an analytical method meets the criteria and requirements of a good analysis method. Method Validation used was the first category with parameters of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. The quercetin content in Averrhoa bilimbi L.’s leaf was small, requiring a parameter Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ). The analysis method was by TLC-Densitometry with Silica gel 60 F254, eluent of toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7:3:1) as mobile phase with a resolution of 1.67 and 1.60 respectively. The result showed linear regression of y = 8122.4899 x + 1181.9943 (r: 0.9976; Vxo 4.88%). The accuracy was 90.2 % (w/w) ± 5.89; the coefficient of variation of precision was 1.35%; LOD and LOQ were 0.0064 µg, and 0.0215 µg respectively. The determination result showed that quercetine content in the leaf extract in ethanol of Averrhoa bilimbi L. was 0.58% (w/w) ± 0.04 and the determination quercetin from 4.0 g extract powder of Averrhoa bilimbi L. leaf showed that average content of quercetine was 6.05 ± 0.09 mg. Keywords: Quercetin, Extract Powder, Averrhoa bilimbi L, TLC-Densitometry
{"title":"Determination of Queercetin Content in Preparation of Powder Extract of Starfruit Leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) by TLC-Densitometry","authors":"Zulfiyah Emaz, Amirudin Prawita","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.51432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.51432","url":null,"abstract":"Quercetin is a flavonoid from Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. which has a variety of potential therapeutic. Therefore, this research is needed to determine the quercetin content in Averrhoa bilimbi L.’s extract powder. Method Validation is performed to ensure that an analytical method meets the criteria and requirements of a good analysis method. Method Validation used was the first category with parameters of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. The quercetin content in Averrhoa bilimbi L.’s leaf was small, requiring a parameter Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ). The analysis method was by TLC-Densitometry with Silica gel 60 F254, eluent of toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (7:3:1) as mobile phase with a resolution of 1.67 and 1.60 respectively. The result showed linear regression of y = 8122.4899 x + 1181.9943 (r: 0.9976; Vxo 4.88%). The accuracy was 90.2 % (w/w) ± 5.89; the coefficient of variation of precision was 1.35%; LOD and LOQ were 0.0064 µg, and 0.0215 µg respectively. The determination result showed that quercetine content in the leaf extract in ethanol of Averrhoa bilimbi L. was 0.58% (w/w) ± 0.04 and the determination quercetin from 4.0 g extract powder of Averrhoa bilimbi L. leaf showed that average content of quercetine was 6.05 ± 0.09 mg. Keywords: Quercetin, Extract Powder, Averrhoa bilimbi L, TLC-Densitometry","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.45430
Denayu Pebrianti, J. Ekowati, Dhea Ananda Ainurrizma
Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the conditions that occur in Post-COVID Syndrome patients. Development of specific treatment as an agent to treat pulmonary fibrosis is still ongoing. Ferulic acid is a compound that has a potential lung antifibrotic agent through inhibition of TGF-β1-mediated signaling. Molecular docking studies using the AutoDock Tools program version 1.5.7 were conducted on ferulic acid and its analogs to determine the activity of compounds as antifibrotic. Furthermore, the interaction of the compound with the receptor was visualized using the Discovery Studio 2021 program. The results showed that ferulic acid and its analogs have lower free energy than pirphenidone which is a standard lung antifibrotic drug. 4- benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid is the compound that has the greatest activity. The group that contributes to the ligand-receptor interaction is the aromatic group with π interaction. Keywords: Molecular docking, AutoDock, antifibrotic, TGF-β1, ferulic acid
{"title":"Molecular Docking Study of Ferulic Acid Analog Compounds as Lung Antifibrotic at TGF-β1 Receptors","authors":"Denayu Pebrianti, J. Ekowati, Dhea Ananda Ainurrizma","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.45430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.45430","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the conditions that occur in Post-COVID Syndrome patients. Development of specific treatment as an agent to treat pulmonary fibrosis is still ongoing. Ferulic acid is a compound that has a potential lung antifibrotic agent through inhibition of TGF-β1-mediated signaling. Molecular docking studies using the AutoDock Tools program version 1.5.7 were conducted on ferulic acid and its analogs to determine the activity of compounds as antifibrotic. Furthermore, the interaction of the compound with the receptor was visualized using the Discovery Studio 2021 program. The results showed that ferulic acid and its analogs have lower free energy than pirphenidone which is a standard lung antifibrotic drug. 4- benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid is the compound that has the greatest activity. The group that contributes to the ligand-receptor interaction is the aromatic group with π interaction. Keywords: Molecular docking, AutoDock, antifibrotic, TGF-β1, ferulic acid","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.44242
Etik Wahyuningsih, Asri Darmawati, Annisa Kartika
Paracetamol and caffeine are chemical compounds that are suspected to be illegally added to the traditional herbs claimed as rheumatics drugs. Identification of paracetamol and caffeine has been done on five samples of jamu powder obtained from the Depot Jamu in Surabaya. This study aimed to simultaneously identify paracetamol and caffeine commonly found in traditional medicine one of which is jamu powder using thin-layer chromatography densitometry (TLC-Densitometry). Evaluate the presence of paracetamol and caffeine in the product of jamu was performed by thin layer chromatography with silica gel GF254 and chloroform-ethyl acetate (1:1) as the stationary and mobile phase respectively. The spots on the TLC plate were detected using a UV at 254 nm and the areas were measured by a Camag TLC scanner. The TLC profile demonstrated a good separation of paracetamol, caffein, and others substances that containing in the products. The retardation factor (Rf) of paracetamol and caffeine were 0,42 and 0,26 with a detection limit of 0,0125 µg/spot and 0,05 µg/spot respectively. The simultaneous identification of caffeine and paracetamol by using thin-layer chromatography densitometry revealed that none of the five samples were detected to contain paracetamol and caffeine. Keywords: Simultaneously, Identification, Paracetamol, Caffeine, Jamu Powder, TLC- Densitometry
{"title":"Identification of Paracetamol and Caffeine in Jamu Powders Simultaneously Using TLC-Densitometry","authors":"Etik Wahyuningsih, Asri Darmawati, Annisa Kartika","doi":"10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.44242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/bikfar.v10i1.44242","url":null,"abstract":"Paracetamol and caffeine are chemical compounds that are suspected to be illegally added to the traditional herbs claimed as rheumatics drugs. Identification of paracetamol and caffeine has been done on five samples of jamu powder obtained from the Depot Jamu in Surabaya. This study aimed to simultaneously identify paracetamol and caffeine commonly found in traditional medicine one of which is jamu powder using thin-layer chromatography densitometry (TLC-Densitometry). Evaluate the presence of paracetamol and caffeine in the product of jamu was performed by thin layer chromatography with silica gel GF254 and chloroform-ethyl acetate (1:1) as the stationary and mobile phase respectively. The spots on the TLC plate were detected using a UV at 254 nm and the areas were measured by a Camag TLC scanner. The TLC profile demonstrated a good separation of paracetamol, caffein, and others substances that containing in the products. The retardation factor (Rf) of paracetamol and caffeine were 0,42 and 0,26 with a detection limit of 0,0125 µg/spot and 0,05 µg/spot respectively. The simultaneous identification of caffeine and paracetamol by using thin-layer chromatography densitometry revealed that none of the five samples were detected to contain paracetamol and caffeine. Keywords: Simultaneously, Identification, Paracetamol, Caffeine, Jamu Powder, TLC- Densitometry","PeriodicalId":8835,"journal":{"name":"Berkala Ilmiah Kimia Farmasi","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139367079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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