Pub Date : 2012-03-01DOI: 10.1179/136132812805253730
Ruying Qi, K. Tsukada, Zhu Hua
This study examined bilinguals’ acquisition of subphonemic features in English and Mandarin to investigate whether and how their two languages are differentiated and at what linguistic level. The production of wordinitial voiceless stops (/p t k/) by two Mandarin-English bilingual children was analyzed for the measure of voice onset time (VOT), which shows a substantial overlap in two languages. Both children produced English and
本研究考察了双语者在英语和普通话中对次音位特征的习得情况，以探讨两种语言是否、如何以及在何种语言水平上存在差异。本文分析了两名中英双语儿童的无音顿音(/p t k/)的产生，以测量两种语言的发音时间(VOT)。两个孩子都会说英语和英语
{"title":"An Acoustic Phonetic Analysis of Word-Initial Stop Production by Young Simultaneous Mandarin- English Bilingual Children","authors":"Ruying Qi, K. Tsukada, Zhu Hua","doi":"10.1179/136132812805253730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/136132812805253730","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined bilinguals’ acquisition of subphonemic features in English and Mandarin to investigate whether and how their two languages are differentiated and at what linguistic level. The production of wordinitial voiceless stops (/p t k/) by two Mandarin-English bilingual children was analyzed for the measure of voice onset time (VOT), which shows a substantial overlap in two languages. Both children produced English and","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"61 1","pages":"73 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84478730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-01DOI: 10.1179/136132812805253703
Brett E. Kemker, E. Goshorn, H. Kaplan
Purpose: The relationship between a time-based measure of hearing instrument operation and self-reported ratings of hearing instrument use/ satisfaction were investigated. The ratings and measures were taken at the initial fitting, at 6 weeks, and at one year postfitting. The purpose of the study was to identify measures or ratings that would be indicative of hearing instrument user’s satisfaction and/or usage. Method: Twenty male veterans, aged 60 to 80 years with no prior hearing aid experience underwent hearing testing, prescription, and fitting with in-the-ear hearing instruments. The Hearing Instrument Operation Checklist (HIOC; Kemker, 1999) was used to evaluate participants’ operation of their hearing instrument at the initial fitting and at 1-year postfitting. A questionnaire gathered information regarding hours of use and user satisfaction at 6-weeks and 1-year postfitting. Results: Results indicated that HIOC measures are a good indicator of usage and satisfaction after one year. Conclusions: HIOC measures of elapsed time to complete hearing instrument tasks on
{"title":"Analysis of Hearing Instrument Use, Satisfaction, and Operation in Independent Elderly Male Veterans","authors":"Brett E. Kemker, E. Goshorn, H. Kaplan","doi":"10.1179/136132812805253703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/136132812805253703","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The relationship between a time-based measure of hearing instrument operation and self-reported ratings of hearing instrument use/ satisfaction were investigated. The ratings and measures were taken at the initial fitting, at 6 weeks, and at one year postfitting. The purpose of the study was to identify measures or ratings that would be indicative of hearing instrument user’s satisfaction and/or usage. Method: Twenty male veterans, aged 60 to 80 years with no prior hearing aid experience underwent hearing testing, prescription, and fitting with in-the-ear hearing instruments. The Hearing Instrument Operation Checklist (HIOC; Kemker, 1999) was used to evaluate participants’ operation of their hearing instrument at the initial fitting and at 1-year postfitting. A questionnaire gathered information regarding hours of use and user satisfaction at 6-weeks and 1-year postfitting. Results: Results indicated that HIOC measures are a good indicator of usage and satisfaction after one year. Conclusions: HIOC measures of elapsed time to complete hearing instrument tasks on","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"10 1","pages":"19 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87623842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-01DOI: 10.1179/136132812805253686
R. Bettagere
The objective of the present study was to examine the acoustic characteristics of syllable stress of the spondees in terms of fundamental frequency (f0), duration, and amplitude and to determine whether the spondee syllables were equally stressed. Q/Mass Speech Audiometry, Volume 1, 1988 recording of CID Auditory Test List W-1 Spondees was used as the stimulus material for the present study. The procedure consisted of two tasks. In Task 1, all the spondee syllables were acoustically analyzed using a Computerized Speech Lab (CSL) for f0, duration, and amplitude measurements. In Task 2, a group of 12 trained adult participants was asked to perceptually judge the syllable stress of the same spondee words. In Task 1, the acoustic analyses showed a statistically significant difference between the first and second syllables of the spondees for duration and f0, respectively, but not for amplitude. In Task 2, the participants rated the spondee syllables as “not equally stressed.” The spondees configured in the recorded CD were not equally stressed either acoustically or perceptually. The findings of the study warrant a need for this version of the CD to be corrected and/or swift development and production of better CDs.
{"title":"Acoustic Characteristics of Spondee Syllable Stress","authors":"R. Bettagere","doi":"10.1179/136132812805253686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/136132812805253686","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to examine the acoustic characteristics of syllable stress of the spondees in terms of fundamental frequency (f0), duration, and amplitude and to determine whether the spondee syllables were equally stressed. Q/Mass Speech Audiometry, Volume 1, 1988 recording of CID Auditory Test List W-1 Spondees was used as the stimulus material for the present study. The procedure consisted of two tasks. In Task 1, all the spondee syllables were acoustically analyzed using a Computerized Speech Lab (CSL) for f0, duration, and amplitude measurements. In Task 2, a group of 12 trained adult participants was asked to perceptually judge the syllable stress of the same spondee words. In Task 1, the acoustic analyses showed a statistically significant difference between the first and second syllables of the spondees for duration and f0, respectively, but not for amplitude. In Task 2, the participants rated the spondee syllables as “not equally stressed.” The spondees configured in the recorded CD were not equally stressed either acoustically or perceptually. The findings of the study warrant a need for this version of the CD to be corrected and/or swift development and production of better CDs.","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"95 1","pages":"29 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86091068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-01DOI: 10.1179/136132812805253758
P. Prabhu, V. Avilala, P. Manjula
The aim of the study was to find possible predisposing factors that would result in the condition of late-onset auditory dys-synchrony. A detailed case history of the possible risk factors and the symptoms were recorded from two groups. The two groups consisted of 30 participants each diagnosed as late-onset auditory dys-synchrony and late onset cochlear hearing loss respectively. The results showed that factors such as low socioeconomic status, exposure to toxic chemicals, family history of the condition, and onset at the pubertal age could be the possible predisposing factors of late-onset auditory dys-synchrony. Most of the participants of the study with auditory dys-synchrony reported difficulty in understanding speech, and tinnitus was found to be one of the major complaints. The study shows that the predisposing factors for late-onset auditory dys-synchrony were not similar to those reported in the literature for congenital auditory dys-synchrony. Future studies should focus on understanding
{"title":"Predisposing Factors in Individuals with Late-Onset Auditory Dys-Synchrony","authors":"P. Prabhu, V. Avilala, P. Manjula","doi":"10.1179/136132812805253758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/136132812805253758","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to find possible predisposing factors that would result in the condition of late-onset auditory dys-synchrony. A detailed case history of the possible risk factors and the symptoms were recorded from two groups. The two groups consisted of 30 participants each diagnosed as late-onset auditory dys-synchrony and late onset cochlear hearing loss respectively. The results showed that factors such as low socioeconomic status, exposure to toxic chemicals, family history of the condition, and onset at the pubertal age could be the possible predisposing factors of late-onset auditory dys-synchrony. Most of the participants of the study with auditory dys-synchrony reported difficulty in understanding speech, and tinnitus was found to be one of the major complaints. The study shows that the predisposing factors for late-onset auditory dys-synchrony were not similar to those reported in the literature for congenital auditory dys-synchrony. Future studies should focus on understanding","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"333 1","pages":"41 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73173842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-01DOI: 10.1179/136132812805253749
{"title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing","authors":"","doi":"10.1179/136132812805253749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/136132812805253749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"53 1","pages":"vii - viii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86196986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.197
Ramandeep Kaur, M. Hegde, Shruthi T. S., S. Kumaraswamy, T. Rao
Abstract Mazes are defined as a series of words, initial parts of words, or unattached fragments of an utterance that do not contribute meaning to the ongoing flow of language. Maze production is considered as an important variable to investigate and identify problems underlying formulation of speech and language and is influenced by the speaker's linguistic knowledge. The present study focused on comparison of types and percentage of maze words over total words produced by typically developing monolingual (functionally) Kannada and Kannada-English bilingual children in the age range of 6 to 8 years. The Kannada-English bilingual group obtained higher mean percentage scores when compared to the monolingual group. Within-group comparison reported overall mazes to be higher for Kannada monolinguals in the Kannada monolingual context. However, bilingual children demonstrated a higher percentage of mazes in the English context.
{"title":"Mazes in Typically Developing Bilingual Children","authors":"Ramandeep Kaur, M. Hegde, Shruthi T. S., S. Kumaraswamy, T. Rao","doi":"10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.197","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mazes are defined as a series of words, initial parts of words, or unattached fragments of an utterance that do not contribute meaning to the ongoing flow of language. Maze production is considered as an important variable to investigate and identify problems underlying formulation of speech and language and is influenced by the speaker's linguistic knowledge. The present study focused on comparison of types and percentage of maze words over total words produced by typically developing monolingual (functionally) Kannada and Kannada-English bilingual children in the age range of 6 to 8 years. The Kannada-English bilingual group obtained higher mean percentage scores when compared to the monolingual group. Within-group comparison reported overall mazes to be higher for Kannada monolinguals in the Kannada monolingual context. However, bilingual children demonstrated a higher percentage of mazes in the English context.","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"101 1","pages":"197 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88964628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.187
N. Jahangiri, M. Azarpazhooh, M. Ghaleh, Farzaneh Seifhashemi
Abstract In the present study, the linguistic performances of 8 bilingual aphasics with subcortical lesions in striatocapsular or thalamic areas have been assessed by means of Bilingual Aphasia Test. Based on this limited collected data, it is suggested that: (1) The thalamus and striatocapsular area have a more important role in production than comprehension and also in the processing of grammatically complex structures; (2) Speech production and comprehension are more severely impaired following striatocapsular lesions than thalamic lesions, whereas “naming” might be more impaired as a result of thalamic lesions; (3) Degree of proficiency and the language of patient's environment may not correlate with the pattern of recovery, whereas the age of second language acquisition might correlate with the pattern of recovery in subcortical bilingual aphasia; (4) It is likely that the second language acquired at an older age is represented more subcortically than the first language; and (5) In bilinguals, language is subcortically lateralized in the left striatocapsular and thalamic areas.
{"title":"Thalamic and Striatocapsular Bilingual Aphasia","authors":"N. Jahangiri, M. Azarpazhooh, M. Ghaleh, Farzaneh Seifhashemi","doi":"10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.187","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present study, the linguistic performances of 8 bilingual aphasics with subcortical lesions in striatocapsular or thalamic areas have been assessed by means of Bilingual Aphasia Test. Based on this limited collected data, it is suggested that: (1) The thalamus and striatocapsular area have a more important role in production than comprehension and also in the processing of grammatically complex structures; (2) Speech production and comprehension are more severely impaired following striatocapsular lesions than thalamic lesions, whereas “naming” might be more impaired as a result of thalamic lesions; (3) Degree of proficiency and the language of patient's environment may not correlate with the pattern of recovery, whereas the age of second language acquisition might correlate with the pattern of recovery in subcortical bilingual aphasia; (4) It is likely that the second language acquired at an older age is represented more subcortically than the first language; and (5) In bilinguals, language is subcortically lateralized in the left striatocapsular and thalamic areas.","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"7 1","pages":"187 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88411596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.205
M. Tsai, Hsiu-Ching Lee, S. Tseng
Abstract This study investigated the effect of providing a communication partners' training program to caregivers and paraprofessionals in a residential home on the frequency of communicative opportunities provided by the caregivers and paraprofessionals. In addition, its effect on the frequency of the observable communication initiation behavior and the frequency of functional use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) by individuals with verbal expression difficulties was studied. Four groups of participants in a residential home were recruited. A communication partners' training program was administered by a certificated speech-language pathologist. This program was conducted on a weekly basis for 10 weeks. The results of this study showed that the number of communication opportunities provided, the number of the initiating communication behaviors, and the number of functional use of AAC increased across all four groups. It was concluded that communication partners after receiving the training program were able to provide more communication opportunities, and the individuals who use AAC more frequently used his or her AAC device or system to initiate communication. Several potential explanations are discussed.
{"title":"The Effect of Communication Partners' Training on the Functional Use of Augmented Devices in a Residential Home","authors":"M. Tsai, Hsiu-Ching Lee, S. Tseng","doi":"10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.205","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the effect of providing a communication partners' training program to caregivers and paraprofessionals in a residential home on the frequency of communicative opportunities provided by the caregivers and paraprofessionals. In addition, its effect on the frequency of the observable communication initiation behavior and the frequency of functional use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) by individuals with verbal expression difficulties was studied. Four groups of participants in a residential home were recruited. A communication partners' training program was administered by a certificated speech-language pathologist. This program was conducted on a weekly basis for 10 weeks. The results of this study showed that the number of communication opportunities provided, the number of the initiating communication behaviors, and the number of functional use of AAC increased across all four groups. It was concluded that communication partners after receiving the training program were able to provide more communication opportunities, and the individuals who use AAC more frequently used his or her AAC device or system to initiate communication. Several potential explanations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"14 1","pages":"205 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76757603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.211
M. Hegde, D. Alva, Susan Oommen, Sapna Bhat
Abstract Code-switching is a complete shift to another language for a word, phrase, sentence, or utterance or borrowing a word from another language and integrating it into the base language. Munhoa (1997) studied pragmatic functions among normal Basque-Spanish bilinguals and concluded that Basque-Spanish bilinguals use code-switching for a wide variety of purposes. The present study focuses on the discourse functions of code-switching among normal Kannada-English and Malayalam-English bilingual adults. Six Kannada-English and 6 Malayalam-English bilingual speakers were studied. Speech samples were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for the presence of different code-switching patterns, such as intersentential code-switching, intrasentential code-switching, tag-switching, and borrowing. Results revealed intrasentential code-switching is commonly seen among the subjects followed by borrowing, tag-switching, and intersentential switching. These types of switching to L2 could be due to the English educational background of subjects, linguistic motivation, lack of technical terms in native languages, and the fact that English might express the message better. The present study contributes to a better understanding of code-switching as a bilingual phenomenon in general and gives an overview of Kannada-English and Malayalam-English bilingualism. To validate these results, more bilinguals should be studied across various Indian languages.
{"title":"Discourse Functions of Code-Switching Among Normal Kannada-English and Malayalam-English Bilinguals—A Pilot Study","authors":"M. Hegde, D. Alva, Susan Oommen, Sapna Bhat","doi":"10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.211","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Code-switching is a complete shift to another language for a word, phrase, sentence, or utterance or borrowing a word from another language and integrating it into the base language. Munhoa (1997) studied pragmatic functions among normal Basque-Spanish bilinguals and concluded that Basque-Spanish bilinguals use code-switching for a wide variety of purposes. The present study focuses on the discourse functions of code-switching among normal Kannada-English and Malayalam-English bilingual adults. Six Kannada-English and 6 Malayalam-English bilingual speakers were studied. Speech samples were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for the presence of different code-switching patterns, such as intersentential code-switching, intrasentential code-switching, tag-switching, and borrowing. Results revealed intrasentential code-switching is commonly seen among the subjects followed by borrowing, tag-switching, and intersentential switching. These types of switching to L2 could be due to the English educational background of subjects, linguistic motivation, lack of technical terms in native languages, and the fact that English might express the message better. The present study contributes to a better understanding of code-switching as a bilingual phenomenon in general and gives an overview of Kannada-English and Malayalam-English bilingualism. To validate these results, more bilinguals should be studied across various Indian languages.","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"4 1","pages":"211 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87431961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.179
M. Tsai, J. Scherz, Anthony Dilollo
Abstract This study investigated a difference in conversations between individuals who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and typically speaking partners by using contrasting methods of counting conversation turns and counting attributed speaking roles (i.e., animator, author, and principal) (Goffman, 1981). Three individuals who use speech-generating AAC devices and 27 typically speaking conversation partners were recruited. Each AAC user had conversations with nine typically speaking partners. The findings showed that counting numbers of attributed speaking roles showed a significantly greater symmetry of conversations than counting numbers of conversation turns. The value of the measurement of speaking roles was highlighted and discussed.
{"title":"Conversation of Augmented and Typical Speakers—Speaking Roles Versus Conversation Turns","authors":"M. Tsai, J. Scherz, Anthony Dilollo","doi":"10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jslh.2011.14.4.179","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated a difference in conversations between individuals who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and typically speaking partners by using contrasting methods of counting conversation turns and counting attributed speaking roles (i.e., animator, author, and principal) (Goffman, 1981). Three individuals who use speech-generating AAC devices and 27 typically speaking conversation partners were recruited. Each AAC user had conversations with nine typically speaking partners. The findings showed that counting numbers of attributed speaking roles showed a significantly greater symmetry of conversations than counting numbers of conversation turns. The value of the measurement of speaking roles was highlighted and discussed.","PeriodicalId":88385,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific journal of speech, language, and hearing","volume":"14 1","pages":"179 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84877061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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