Yuliang Sheng, Yuxiang Chen, Jian-Feng Qiu, Xi Yang, Ru-Liang Zhang, Ying-Lun Sun
Benefiting from the unique advantages of superior biocompatibility, strong stability, good biodegradability, and adjustable mechanical properties, hydrogels have attracted extensive research interests in bioelectronics. However, due to the existence of an interface between hydrogels and human tissues, the transmission of electrical signals from the human tissues to the hydrogel electronic devices will be hindered. The adhesive hydrogels with adhesive properties can tightly combine with the human tissue, which can enhance the contact between the electronic devices and human tissues and reduce the contact resistance, thereby improving the performance of hydrogel electronic devices. In this review, we will discuss in detail the adhesion mechanism of adhesive hydrogels and elaborate on the design principles of adhesive hydrogels. After that, we will introduce some methods of performance evaluation for adhesive hydrogels. Finally, we will provide a perspective on the development of adhesive hydrogel bioelectronics.
{"title":"Adhesive hydrogels for bioelectronics","authors":"Yuliang Sheng, Yuxiang Chen, Jian-Feng Qiu, Xi Yang, Ru-Liang Zhang, Ying-Lun Sun","doi":"10.53388/bmec2023016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53388/bmec2023016","url":null,"abstract":"Benefiting from the unique advantages of superior biocompatibility, strong stability, good biodegradability, and adjustable mechanical properties, hydrogels have attracted extensive research interests in bioelectronics. However, due to the existence of an interface between hydrogels and human tissues, the transmission of electrical signals from the human tissues to the hydrogel electronic devices will be hindered. The adhesive hydrogels with adhesive properties can tightly combine with the human tissue, which can enhance the contact between the electronic devices and human tissues and reduce the contact resistance, thereby improving the performance of hydrogel electronic devices. In this review, we will discuss in detail the adhesion mechanism of adhesive hydrogels and elaborate on the design principles of adhesive hydrogels. After that, we will introduce some methods of performance evaluation for adhesive hydrogels. Finally, we will provide a perspective on the development of adhesive hydrogel bioelectronics.","PeriodicalId":8862,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88323568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Yi, Mark Johnson, L. Bramlage, Zifeng Yang, B. Ludwig
{"title":"Hemodynamic investigations in intracranial aneurysms: a commentary","authors":"H. Yi, Mark Johnson, L. Bramlage, Zifeng Yang, B. Ludwig","doi":"10.53388/bmec2023001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53388/bmec2023001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8862,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86054439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Xu, Jia-Yi Li, Yu-Rong Wang, Ling-Jun Li, Hong-yang Li
{"title":"Progress in construction and application of skin tissue engineering","authors":"Jing Xu, Jia-Yi Li, Yu-Rong Wang, Ling-Jun Li, Hong-yang Li","doi":"10.53388/bmec2023005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53388/bmec2023005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8862,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88725174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate the effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the proliferation and secretion of IgM, IgG and IL-2 in spleen lymphocytes (L) of aging rats. Methods: BMSCs were isolated by the whole bone marrow adherence method and characterized. A rat model of aging was produced by daily subcutaneous injection of D-galactose into the back of the neck. Rat spleen lymphocyte isolate kit to isolate spleen lymphocytes from aging rats and young rats. In vitro , the co-culture system of BMSCs and aging rats lymphocytes was established, and under the induction of mitogen LPS and ConA, the proliferative activity of lymphocytes in each group was detected by CCK-8 assay, the levels of IgM and IgG in the culture supernatant of each group was detected by ELISA, and the IL-2 radioimmunoassay kits were used to detect the content of IL-2 in the supernatant of each group. Results: (1) The isolated adherent cells showed the characteristics of BMSCs, including spindle-shaped morphology, high expression of CD29, CD44, low expression of CD34 and CD45, and osteogenic/adipogenic ability. (2) Under LPS induction, lymphocyte proliferative activity and secretion of immunoglobulin IgG were reduced in the aging group compared with the young group, and co-culture with BMSCs reversed this trend. (3) Under ConA induction, the IL-2 content of BMSCs co-cultured with aging lymphocytes was higher than that of aging lymphocytes alone ( P < 0.0001); the IL-2 content of CsA co-cultured with aging lymphocytes was lower than that of aging lymphocytes alone ( P < 0.0001). Conclusion: BMSCs have immunomodulatory effects on the spleen lymphocytes of aging rats in vitro .
{"title":"The immunomodulatory effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on lymphocyte in spleens of aging rats","authors":"Zhi-Hong Wang, Zhi-Feng Lin, Yi-Ting Lai, Ling Ding, Huaibin Wang, Xin-gui Chen, Xiao-Ye Chen, Hua-Ke Zeng","doi":"10.53388/bmec2023013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53388/bmec2023013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the proliferation and secretion of IgM, IgG and IL-2 in spleen lymphocytes (L) of aging rats. Methods: BMSCs were isolated by the whole bone marrow adherence method and characterized. A rat model of aging was produced by daily subcutaneous injection of D-galactose into the back of the neck. Rat spleen lymphocyte isolate kit to isolate spleen lymphocytes from aging rats and young rats. In vitro , the co-culture system of BMSCs and aging rats lymphocytes was established, and under the induction of mitogen LPS and ConA, the proliferative activity of lymphocytes in each group was detected by CCK-8 assay, the levels of IgM and IgG in the culture supernatant of each group was detected by ELISA, and the IL-2 radioimmunoassay kits were used to detect the content of IL-2 in the supernatant of each group. Results: (1) The isolated adherent cells showed the characteristics of BMSCs, including spindle-shaped morphology, high expression of CD29, CD44, low expression of CD34 and CD45, and osteogenic/adipogenic ability. (2) Under LPS induction, lymphocyte proliferative activity and secretion of immunoglobulin IgG were reduced in the aging group compared with the young group, and co-culture with BMSCs reversed this trend. (3) Under ConA induction, the IL-2 content of BMSCs co-cultured with aging lymphocytes was higher than that of aging lymphocytes alone ( P < 0.0001); the IL-2 content of CsA co-cultured with aging lymphocytes was lower than that of aging lymphocytes alone ( P < 0.0001). Conclusion: BMSCs have immunomodulatory effects on the spleen lymphocytes of aging rats in vitro .","PeriodicalId":8862,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72694432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuxiang Zhuang, Yumei Fu, Sheng-Chia Huang, Shuai Gong
The rapid advancement of biomedicine in the twenty-first century has been facilitated by the constant innovation in biomedical technology. The most crucial issue in the field of medicine is to use sensor technology to gather information from primitive organisms, particularly the human body. Design, development, and application of biomedical sensors in the study of clinical diseases’ diagnosis and therapy have all been significantly aided by the advancement of medicine. The interest in creating sensors significantly increased in the 1960s. Chemical and biological sensors have been swiftly created in response to an urgent practical necessity, enabling the creation of selective sensors for the direct detection of diverse ions and compounds. The traditional large-size sensors are quickly turning into miniature sensors and are rapidly applied in biological and medical fields. Currently, wearable electronic blood pressure monitors, home blood glucose meters, and quick body surface digital thermometers are commonly used. The advent of a wide variety of medical-grade wearable sensors that will enable real-time biometric data tracking of a large range of physiological characteristics will likely be one of the most revolutionary, exciting, and difficult changes to come to medicine over the next several years. For possible uses in the entertainment, health monitoring, and medical care industries, high-performance flexible strain sensors connected to clothing or human skin are necessary. The use of sensors in the development of biomedical diagnostic tools and medical equipment will enhance human quality of life in the twenty-first century. This article will introduce the current medical sensor field related to sensors for physical quantities, sensors for chemical quantities, sensors for biological quantities such as electronic nose
{"title":"The application of intelligent sensors in medical research: a review","authors":"Yuxiang Zhuang, Yumei Fu, Sheng-Chia Huang, Shuai Gong","doi":"10.53388/bmec2023017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53388/bmec2023017","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid advancement of biomedicine in the twenty-first century has been facilitated by the constant innovation in biomedical technology. The most crucial issue in the field of medicine is to use sensor technology to gather information from primitive organisms, particularly the human body. Design, development, and application of biomedical sensors in the study of clinical diseases’ diagnosis and therapy have all been significantly aided by the advancement of medicine. The interest in creating sensors significantly increased in the 1960s. Chemical and biological sensors have been swiftly created in response to an urgent practical necessity, enabling the creation of selective sensors for the direct detection of diverse ions and compounds. The traditional large-size sensors are quickly turning into miniature sensors and are rapidly applied in biological and medical fields. Currently, wearable electronic blood pressure monitors, home blood glucose meters, and quick body surface digital thermometers are commonly used. The advent of a wide variety of medical-grade wearable sensors that will enable real-time biometric data tracking of a large range of physiological characteristics will likely be one of the most revolutionary, exciting, and difficult changes to come to medicine over the next several years. For possible uses in the entertainment, health monitoring, and medical care industries, high-performance flexible strain sensors connected to clothing or human skin are necessary. The use of sensors in the development of biomedical diagnostic tools and medical equipment will enhance human quality of life in the twenty-first century. This article will introduce the current medical sensor field related to sensors for physical quantities, sensors for chemical quantities, sensors for biological quantities such as electronic nose","PeriodicalId":8862,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78304126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All over the world, cancer has become the leading cause of human death and a major obstacle to improving life expectancy [1]. Although the survival rate of cancer has been improved significantly thanks to the continued efforts of researchers, there is still a long way to go before cancer is completely cured [2, 3]. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are still the mainstays of cancer therapy [4, 5]. However, limitations and side effects mean that these methods do not meet the current clinical need for cancer therapy [6–8]. For example, (i) surgery has a high risk, low success rate, and various complications; (ii) as a topical treatment, radiotherapy requires to be highly sensitive to tumors and damages healthy tissue; (iii) chemotherapy leads to a sharp reduction in the number of immune cells and the damage of visceral function [9–11]. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new treatment strategies to solve these problems, improving the therapeutic effect of cancer [12]. Supramolecular chemistry is a frontier science proposed by J.M. Lehn, a Nobel laureate chemist in 1987, which intersected with biology, physics, materials science, information science, and environmental science [13–19]. The main research directions of supramolecular chemistry can be divided into host–guest chemistry and supramolecular assembly chemistry [20–25]. Among them, supramolecular polymers based on macrocyclic hosts (such as cyclodextrins, calixarenes, cucurbiturils, and pillararenes) are a new type of polymers that combines the advantages of supramolecules and polymers (Figure 1) [26–36]. Compared with traditional polymers, macrocyclic hosts-based supramolecular polymers are mainly formed by connecting multiple repeating units through host–guest interactions [37–42]. The reversibility and dynamics of host–guest interactions give supramolecular polymeric materials unparalleled advantages, such as sensitive stimuli-responsiveness, good biocompatibility, and high biodegradability [43–47]. Based on these advantages, macrocyclic hosts-based supramolecular polymeric materials provide a new strategy for cancer therapy [48–52]. At present, macrocyclic hosts-based supramolecular polymeric materials have been widely used in cancer therapy [53–59]. For example, Huang and co-workers developed an amphiphilic supramolecular diblock polymer based on the host–guest interaction between pillar[5]arene and viologen derivative (Figure 2a) [60]. The polymer was further self-assembled into polymeric vesicles in water to deliver doxorubicin (DOX), which improved the therapeutic effect of DOX and reduced the side effects on healthy tissues. Additionally, Zhang and co-workers constructed a cucurbit[7]uril-based supramolecular polymer to load oxaliplatin (OxPt) and mitochondrial targeting peptide (N-Ph-KLAK) effectively (Figure 2b) [61]. In the tumor microenvironment, OxPt and N-Ph-KLAK were competitively released to destroy the nucleus and mitochondria, respectively, successfully inhibiting the
{"title":"Supramolecular polymeric materials based on macrocyclic hosts for cancer therapy","authors":"Shan Wu, Miaomiao Yan, Jiong Zhou","doi":"10.53388/bmec2023015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53388/bmec2023015","url":null,"abstract":"All over the world, cancer has become the leading cause of human death and a major obstacle to improving life expectancy [1]. Although the survival rate of cancer has been improved significantly thanks to the continued efforts of researchers, there is still a long way to go before cancer is completely cured [2, 3]. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are still the mainstays of cancer therapy [4, 5]. However, limitations and side effects mean that these methods do not meet the current clinical need for cancer therapy [6–8]. For example, (i) surgery has a high risk, low success rate, and various complications; (ii) as a topical treatment, radiotherapy requires to be highly sensitive to tumors and damages healthy tissue; (iii) chemotherapy leads to a sharp reduction in the number of immune cells and the damage of visceral function [9–11]. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new treatment strategies to solve these problems, improving the therapeutic effect of cancer [12]. Supramolecular chemistry is a frontier science proposed by J.M. Lehn, a Nobel laureate chemist in 1987, which intersected with biology, physics, materials science, information science, and environmental science [13–19]. The main research directions of supramolecular chemistry can be divided into host–guest chemistry and supramolecular assembly chemistry [20–25]. Among them, supramolecular polymers based on macrocyclic hosts (such as cyclodextrins, calixarenes, cucurbiturils, and pillararenes) are a new type of polymers that combines the advantages of supramolecules and polymers (Figure 1) [26–36]. Compared with traditional polymers, macrocyclic hosts-based supramolecular polymers are mainly formed by connecting multiple repeating units through host–guest interactions [37–42]. The reversibility and dynamics of host–guest interactions give supramolecular polymeric materials unparalleled advantages, such as sensitive stimuli-responsiveness, good biocompatibility, and high biodegradability [43–47]. Based on these advantages, macrocyclic hosts-based supramolecular polymeric materials provide a new strategy for cancer therapy [48–52]. At present, macrocyclic hosts-based supramolecular polymeric materials have been widely used in cancer therapy [53–59]. For example, Huang and co-workers developed an amphiphilic supramolecular diblock polymer based on the host–guest interaction between pillar[5]arene and viologen derivative (Figure 2a) [60]. The polymer was further self-assembled into polymeric vesicles in water to deliver doxorubicin (DOX), which improved the therapeutic effect of DOX and reduced the side effects on healthy tissues. Additionally, Zhang and co-workers constructed a cucurbit[7]uril-based supramolecular polymer to load oxaliplatin (OxPt) and mitochondrial targeting peptide (N-Ph-KLAK) effectively (Figure 2b) [61]. In the tumor microenvironment, OxPt and N-Ph-KLAK were competitively released to destroy the nucleus and mitochondria, respectively, successfully inhibiting the ","PeriodicalId":8862,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82510220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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