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Traditional and complementary medicine in Australia: Clinical practice, research, education, and regulation 澳大利亚的传统和补充医学:临床实践、研究、教育和监管
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijar.ijar_4_22
D. Bhuyan, I. Dissanayake, Kayla Jaye, Dennis Chang
Different modalities of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) are extensively used worldwide including Australia to treat ailments, maintain well-being either alone or in conjunction with conventional medicine. This wide prevalence also emphasizes the necessity for more research, education and regulation of different T&CM modalities to ensure their safety and efficacy. While several reports in the literature highlight different aspects of T&CM including clinical practice, research, education and regulation globally, recent comprehensive reviews on the current status of T&CM in Australia are limited. Therefore, this review was designed to critically analyze the literature on the present status of T&CM modalities including Traditional Chinese Medicine, chiropractic, naturopathy and Ayurveda in Australia and comprehensively summarize the key studies from an Australian perspective. Several key gaps in the evidence-based clinical practice (e.g., lack of patient-focused approach and communication between patients and health professionals), research (e.g., methodological flaws/inconsistencies, limited government funding, collaborative research, facilities, capability, and resources), education (e.g., lack of uniform minimum standard of education and limited courses) and regulation (e.g., self-regulated naturopathy) of T&CM in Australia were identified through this review. Furthermore, studies in the literature underlined that some T&CM modalities including naturopathy and Ayurveda require statutory and updated regulations, formal registration and proper training and education. A patient-focused approach in clinical practice and the generation of evidence through collaborative research (establishment of more practice-based research networks) among universities, T&CM industry and practitioners and more support from the government to conduct research and improve training and education are imperative for effective evidence-based practice of T&CM in Australia.
包括澳大利亚在内的世界各地广泛使用不同形式的传统和补充医学(T&CM)来治疗疾病,保持健康,无论是单独还是与传统医学结合使用。这种广泛的流行也强调有必要对不同的T&CM模式进行更多的研究、教育和监管,以确保其安全性和有效性。虽然文献中的一些报告强调了T&CM的不同方面,包括临床实践、研究、教育和全球监管,但最近对澳大利亚T&CM现状的全面审查是有限的。因此,本综述旨在批判性地分析澳大利亚中医、脊椎指压疗法、自然疗法和阿育吠陀疗法等T&CM疗法的现状,并从澳大利亚的角度全面总结关键研究。通过本综述,确定了澳大利亚中医循证临床实践(例如,缺乏以患者为中心的方法和患者与卫生专业人员之间的沟通)、研究(例如,方法缺陷/不一致、政府资助有限、合作研究、设施、能力和资源)、教育(例如,缺乏统一的最低教育标准和有限的课程)和监管(例如,自我调节的自然疗法)方面的几个关键差距。此外,文献研究强调,包括自然疗法和阿育吠陀在内的一些中医模式需要法定和更新的法规、正式注册和适当的培训和教育。在临床实践中采取以患者为中心的方法,并通过大学、T&CM行业和从业者之间的合作研究(建立更多基于实践的研究网络)来产生证据,以及政府更多地支持进行研究和改进培训和教育,这些都是澳大利亚T&CM有效的循证实践所必需的。
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引用次数: 2
National Education Policy 2020 and preparedness of Ayurveda Universities 2020年国家教育政策和阿育吠陀大学的准备
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijar.ijar_16_22
Abhimanyu Kumar
The New Education Policy 2020 intends to pave way for several transformational reforms in the education system of the country. Ayurveda education regulated by NCISM and implemented through Ayurveda Universities and other affiliating universities of the country have also implement it in phase-wise manner to address the challenges of Access, Equality, Quality, Affordability and Accountability.
《2020年新教育政策》旨在为该国教育体系的几项转型改革铺平道路。阿育吠陀教育由国家教育管理委员会管理,并通过阿育吠陀大学和该国其他附属大学实施,也分阶段实施,以解决获取、平等、质量、负担能力和问责制的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Need for reporting guidelines in Ayurveda research 阿育吠陀研究需要报告指南
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijar.ijar_5_22
A. Thakar
Traditional medicines have become progressively popular worldwide. The world apprehended the significance of Ayurvedic medicine during the COVID era. The surging exports of Ayurvedic herbs are indications of its rising popularity. Although the potency of pharmaceuticals is undeniable, Ayurvedic stakeholders still lag in terms of research quality. Basic requirements for quality research include a predetermined protocol and the dissemination of results as per appropriate reporting guidelines. Medical research studies have been categorized in a hierarchical manner, and every study design has distinct reporting standards. Reporting guidelines are the bare minimum set of details that research articles should constitute. The Equator network provides access to over a hundred reporting guidelines. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), PRISMA-P (for protocol) for systematic reviews of Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs), Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) for systematic reviews of observational studies, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT), Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials [SPIRIT (for protocol)] for RCTs, and STROBE for observational studies are a few important guidelines. On the basis of the extent to which the research articles adhere to their respective reporting guidelines, their veracity, transparency, and precision can be evaluated. To establish the credibility of Ayurvedic clinical management, researchers should be encouraged to adhere to it and one's adherence should be carefully reviewed.
传统药物在世界范围内日益流行。在新冠疫情期间,世界认识到了阿育吠陀医学的重要性。阿育吠陀草药的出口激增表明它越来越受欢迎。虽然药物的效力是不可否认的,但阿育吠陀的利益相关者在研究质量方面仍然落后。高质量研究的基本要求包括预先确定的方案和按照适当的报告准则传播结果。医学研究以等级方式分类,每个研究设计都有不同的报告标准。报告指南是研究文章应该包含的最基本的细节。赤道网络提供了一百多条报告准则。系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)、随机临床试验(rct)系统评价的首选报告项目(PRISMA - p)、观察性研究系统评价的流行病学观察性研究荟萃分析(MOOSE)、试验报告综合标准(CONSORT)、标准方案项目:介入试验建议(rct的SPIRIT(方案))和观察性研究的STROBE是一些重要的指南。根据研究文章遵守各自报告准则的程度,可以评估其真实性,透明度和准确性。为了建立阿育吠陀临床管理的可信度,应该鼓励研究人员坚持它,并且应该仔细审查一个人的坚持。
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引用次数: 0
Health of the humans, the society, and the planet 人类、社会和地球的健康
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijar.ijar_14_22
Gopal K. Basisht, Y. Deole
The pandemic COVID-19 has changed the global perspective and placed the health of humans and society on priority. The health-care systems across the world faced challenges and got engaged in finding solutions. However, individual responsibilities to take care of health by following advisories issued by government authorities were expected to prevent spread and illness. This provokes the thoughts on pivotal role of a person at a microlevel to help and reduce the global burden of diseases and preservation of health. It leads to a healthy society at macrolevel or development of universal health-care management. At this time, it becomes essential to review the concept of health in medical sciences and design a strategic action plan for its preservation at large scale. Ayurveda provides a deep insight into personalized approach toward health termed as “Swastha.” It is needed to understand and elaborate this approach in today's times to provide affordable, easily accessible, and convenient health care. This article describes the concept of health, clinical assessment, and its application to preserve and protect the health of humans, society, and ultimately the planet.
新冠肺炎大流行改变了全球视角,将人类和社会的健康放在首位。世界各地的卫生保健系统都面临着挑战,并着手寻找解决办法。但是,个人有责任按照政府当局发布的咨询意见照顾健康,以防止传播和疾病。这引发了人们对微观层面上的人在帮助和减轻全球疾病负担和维护健康方面的关键作用的思考。从宏观上讲,这有助于建立一个健康的社会或发展全民保健管理。此时,必须审查医学科学中的健康概念,并设计一项大规模保护健康的战略行动计划。阿育吠陀提供了一种深入了解个性化健康方法的方法,称为“Swastha”。在今天的时代,需要理解和详细阐述这种方法,以提供负担得起的、容易获得的和方便的医疗保健。本文介绍了健康的概念、临床评估及其在维护和保护人类、社会和最终地球健康方面的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Ayurveda drug usage pattern among rural and urban populations: A cross-sectional survey from Bengaluru, Karnataka 阿育吠陀药物在农村和城市人口中的使用模式:来自卡纳塔克邦班加罗尔的横断面调查
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijar.ijar_10_22
R. Naik, M. Shubhashree, C. Chandrasekharan, S. Bhat, R. Acharya
Background: Rational use of medicines by following the prescription guidelines is a primary determinant of treatment success. Rationality when using Ayurvedic prescriptions is even more critical, since the prescriptions are often individualized. Nonadherence to the medication guidelines both in clinical practice and research activity hinders the therapeutic efficacy and shows low clinical outcomes. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the Ayurveda drug usage pattern in urban and rural populations. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 participants, 200 each from urban and rural areas of Bengaluru, Karnataka. Results: It is observed that most participants followed the doctor's or pharmacist's directions, clarified their doubts about the medicines, and completed the course of treatment as per the doctor's advice. Only 30% of rural and 43.5% of the urban population reported that they follow advice regarding using a vehicle with the medicines. Comparatively, a more proportion of rural participants (11.50%) were always practicing self-medication compared to urban (5%). About 17% of rural and 23.50% of urban participants reported the practice of concurrent medication. Although more than half of the participants in the present study (52.5%) were storing the medicines in air-tight containers, inappropriate storage practices such as keeping the medication on open shelves (19.75%) and the table (4.5%) were also observed. Only 49% of rural and 70% of the urban population reported the practice of checking the expiry date. Inappropriate disposal practices such as throwing and storing unused/expired medicines were observed both in rural and urban regions. Conclusion: Although a fair medication usage pattern and behavior is noticed, both rural and urban communities have imperfections with drug use practices such as self-medication, medicine lending, storage, and disposal practices.
背景:遵循处方指南合理用药是治疗成功的主要决定因素。使用阿育吠陀处方时的合理性更为关键,因为处方通常是个性化的。在临床实践和研究活动中,不遵守用药指南阻碍了治疗效果,临床结果不佳。目的:研究阿育吠陀药物在城乡人群中的使用情况。材料和方法:对400名参与者进行了横断面调查,其中各200名来自卡纳塔克邦班加罗尔的城市和农村地区。结果:大部分患者遵守医生或药师的指导,澄清对药物的疑虑,并按照医嘱完成疗程。只有30%的农村人口和43.5%的城市人口报告说,他们遵循有关使用载药车辆的建议。相比之下,农村参与者(11.50%)经常进行自我药疗的比例高于城市参与者(5%)。约17%的农村和23.50%的城市参与者报告了同时用药的做法。虽然在本研究中超过一半的参与者(52.5%)将药物储存在气密容器中,但也观察到不适当的储存方法,例如将药物放在开放式架子上(19.75%)和桌子上(4.5%)。只有49%的农村人口和70%的城市人口报告有检查有效期的做法。在农村和城市地区都发现了诸如丢弃和储存未使用/过期药品等不当处置做法。结论:虽然农村和城市社区的用药模式和用药行为较为公平,但在自我用药、药物出借、储存和处置等用药实践方面存在不足。
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引用次数: 0
Grand rounds in Ayurvedic rheumatology: Fine-tuning the clinical precepts and appropriating the interventions for improving the outcome in Ayurvedic rheumatology clinics 阿育吠陀风湿病大查房:微调临床戒律和适当的干预措施,以改善阿育吠陀风湿病诊所的结果
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijar.ijar_3_22
Sanjeev Rastogi, Preeti Pandey
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引用次数: 1
Vaidya Saadhana: Professionalism in health care – Qualities of an ideal physician Vaidya Saadhana:医疗保健的专业精神——理想医生的品质
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijar.ijar_25_22
Y. Aswathy, P. Anandaraman
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引用次数: 0
Initiatives and achievements of the Ministry of Ayush toward its global propagationInitiatives and achievements of the Ministry of Ayush towards its global propagation 阿尤什部在全球宣传方面的举措和成就阿尤什部在全球宣传方面的举措和成就
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijar.ijar_19_22
V. Kotecha
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引用次数: 1
Authors’ reply 作者的回复
Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/230949901101900233
V. Jain, A. Rai, S. Misra, K. Singh
1. Mehta KV, Lee HC, Loh JS. Mechanical thromboprophylaxis for patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2010;18:287–9. 2. Kakkos SK, Caprini JA, Geroulakos G, Nicolaides AN, Stansby GP, Reddy DJ. Combined intermittent pneumatic leg compression and pharmacological prophylaxis for prevention of venous thromboembolism in high-risk patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;4:CD005258. 3. Kakkos SK, Caprini JA, Geroulakos G, Nicolaides AN, Stansby GP, Tsolakis IA, et al. Can combined (mechanical and pharmacological) modalities prevent fatal VTE? Int Angiol 2011;30:115–22. 4. Yokote R, Matsubara M, Hirasawa N, Hagio S, Ishii K, Takata C. Is routine chemical thromboprophylaxis after total hip replacement really necessary in a Japanese population? J Bone Joint Surg Br 2011;93:251–6. 5. Woolson ST, Watt JM. Intermittent pneumatic compression to prevent proximal deep venous thrombosis during and after total hip replacement. A prospective, randomized study of compression alone, compression and aspirin, and compression and low-dose warfarin. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1991;73:507–12. did not receive dual (mechanical and chemical) thromboprophylaxis. In a variety of patient groups (including orthopaedics), multimodal prophylaxis can reduce deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism rates more effectively than single modalities.2,3 However, in elective hip replacement, mechanical prophylaxis combined with enoxaparin,4 warfarin,5 or fondaparinux4 showed no significant reduction in deep vein thrombosis rates, compared to mechanical prophylaxis alone.
1. 梅塔千伏,李慧聪,陆家祥。髋部骨折手术患者的机械血栓预防。[J]中华骨科杂志,2010;18:28 - 9。2. Kakkos SK, capryini JA, Geroulakos G, Nicolaides AN, Stansby GP, Reddy DJ。间歇性气动腿部压迫联合药物预防高危患者静脉血栓栓塞。Cochrane数据库系统,2008;4:CD005258。3.Kakkos SK, capryini JA, Geroulakos G, Nicolaides AN, Stansby GP, Tsolakis IA等。机械和药物联合治疗能预防致死性静脉血栓栓塞吗?中华医学杂志2011;30:115-22。4. Yokote R, Matsubara M, Hirasawa N, Hagio S, Ishii K, Takata C.日本人群在全髋关节置换术后是否真的需要常规化学血栓预防?[J]中华骨外科杂志,2011;30(3):391 - 391。5. 伍尔森ST,瓦特JM。间歇气动加压预防全髋关节置换术中和术后近端深静脉血栓形成。一项前瞻性,随机研究,单独按压,按压和阿司匹林,按压和低剂量华法林。[J]中华骨外科杂志,2001;32(3):391 - 391。没有接受双重(机械和化学)血栓预防。在各种患者群体中(包括骨科),多模式预防比单一模式更有效地降低深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞率。然而,在选择性髋关节置换术中,与单独机械预防相比,机械预防联合依诺肝素、华法林、5或氟达aparinu4没有显著降低深静脉血栓发生率。
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引用次数: 0
Treatment of relapsed undifferentiated acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M0) with Ayurvedic therapy. 阿育吠陀疗法治疗复发性未分化急性髓性白血病(AML-M0)。
Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/0974-7788.83184
Balendu Prakash

A 16-year-old boy was detected with acute myeloid leukemia (AML - M0) with bone marrow pathology showing 85% blasts in February 07, 1997. He received two cycles of induction chemotherapy (3+7 protocol) with daunomycin and cytosar, following which he achieved incomplete remission with bone marrow aspirate showing 14% blasts. Subsequently, the patient received two cycles of high-dose cytosine arabinoside Ara-C and achieved remission. However, his disease relapsed on August 29, 1997. Peripheral blood smear showed 6% blast cells and bone marrow showed 40% blast cells. The patient refused further chemotherapy and/or bone marrow transplant and volunteered for Ayurvedic therapy (AYT) advocated by the author from September 09, 1997. Bone marrow studies done after six months of AYT indicated that the disease was in remission. The AYT was continued for five years and stopped. Thereafter, the patient received intermittent maintenance AYT for three months in the next two years. At present, the patient is normal and healthy and has completed 12 years of disease-free survival with AYT.

1997年2月7日,一名16岁的男孩被发现患有急性髓性白血病(AML - M0),骨髓病理显示85%的细胞。他接受了两个周期的诱导化疗(3+7方案),使用道诺霉素和细胞沙,之后他实现了不完全缓解,骨髓抽吸显示14%的细胞。随后,患者接受了两个周期的高剂量阿拉伯糖胞嘧啶Ara-C治疗并获得缓解。然而,他的疾病于1997年8月29日复发。外周血涂片示母细胞6%,骨髓示母细胞40%。患者拒绝进一步化疗和/或骨髓移植,自1997年9月9日起自愿接受作者倡导的阿育吠陀疗法(AYT)。接受AYT治疗6个月后进行的骨髓研究表明,病情有所缓解。AYT持续了5年,然后停止了。此后,患者在接下来的两年里接受了3个月的间歇性维持性AYT。目前,患者正常健康,采用AYT已完成12年无病生存期。
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引用次数: 14
期刊
International journal of Ayurveda research
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