Pub Date : 2009-06-03DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010045
M. Harel-Meir, Y. Bujanover, Y. Berkun, N. Goldstein, Y. Anikster
Mevalonic aciduria (MVA) is an inborn error of isoprene biosynthesis caused by mevalonate kinase (MVK) gene mutations. Described below is a case of a Palestinian MVA patient suffering from prolonged fevers as well as from hepatic fibrosis - a rare feature of MVA. Also demonstrated is a unique genotype - heterozigosity of two novel MVK mu- tations; V8F (t25a), and F38I (t112a).
{"title":"Mevalonic Aciduria in a Child Featuring Hepatic Fibrosis and Novel Mevalonate Kinase Mutations","authors":"M. Harel-Meir, Y. Bujanover, Y. Berkun, N. Goldstein, Y. Anikster","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010045","url":null,"abstract":"Mevalonic aciduria (MVA) is an inborn error of isoprene biosynthesis caused by mevalonate kinase (MVK) gene mutations. Described below is a case of a Palestinian MVA patient suffering from prolonged fevers as well as from hepatic fibrosis - a rare feature of MVA. Also demonstrated is a unique genotype - heterozigosity of two novel MVK mu- tations; V8F (t25a), and F38I (t112a).","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"45-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78324091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-02DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010038
R. Dietert
Many pediatric diseases are linked to underlying immune dysfunction that produces problematic responses to common infectious challenges and other conditions. During childhood, immune dysfunction manifests as: 1) increased susceptibility to certain infections, 2) misregulated inflammation with tissue damage, fatigue and secondary infections, 3) autoimmune disease and 4) allergic conditions. Both environmental and genetic risk factors contribute to a variety of pediatric immune-related illnesses. Ironically, the environmental risk factors are usually considered as one large continuum of equivalent chemical, physical and emotional factors spanning the entirety of a child’s development. But the reality is that some prenatal and neonatal environmental factors are most likely to cause the underlying pediatric immune dysfunction necessary for inflammatory, autoimmune and allergic disease. In contrast, other childhood environmental factors are usually triggers that activate or challenge the dysfunctional immune system leading directly to disease. Exposure to these triggers represents a final step in the overall disease process. Knowledge of both the causative agents for immune dysfunction as well as the triggering factors is important. However, viewing these prenatal and childhood factors as one continuum of risk is not always helpful. These distinct groups of environmental factors need to be recognized separately if prevention of immune dysfunction and management of immune-based diseases are to be optimized. This mini-review provides a unifying hypothesis concerning causative environmental factors vs triggering events for several important pediatric diseases. Improved recognition of these different steps should help pediatricians to better address these diseases.
{"title":"Distinguishing Environmental Causes of Immune Dysfunction fromPediatric Triggers of Disease","authors":"R. Dietert","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010038","url":null,"abstract":"Many pediatric diseases are linked to underlying immune dysfunction that produces problematic responses to common infectious challenges and other conditions. During childhood, immune dysfunction manifests as: 1) increased susceptibility to certain infections, 2) misregulated inflammation with tissue damage, fatigue and secondary infections, 3) autoimmune disease and 4) allergic conditions. Both environmental and genetic risk factors contribute to a variety of pediatric immune-related illnesses. Ironically, the environmental risk factors are usually considered as one large continuum of equivalent chemical, physical and emotional factors spanning the entirety of a child’s development. But the reality is that some prenatal and neonatal environmental factors are most likely to cause the underlying pediatric immune dysfunction necessary for inflammatory, autoimmune and allergic disease. In contrast, other childhood environmental factors are usually triggers that activate or challenge the dysfunctional immune system leading directly to disease. Exposure to these triggers represents a final step in the overall disease process. Knowledge of both the causative agents for immune dysfunction as well as the triggering factors is important. However, viewing these prenatal and childhood factors as one continuum of risk is not always helpful. These distinct groups of environmental factors need to be recognized separately if prevention of immune dysfunction and management of immune-based diseases are to be optimized. This mini-review provides a unifying hypothesis concerning causative environmental factors vs triggering events for several important pediatric diseases. Improved recognition of these different steps should help pediatricians to better address these diseases.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"38-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88475305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-04-30DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010033
W. Abuhammour, N. Yousef, J. Evans, Rudayna Zureikat, Mutaz Abuhammour, R. Hasan
Objective: To assess the attitude and practices of adolescents regarding water-pipe smoking (WPS) in a predefined 'perceived' high risk group of youth 12-18 years of age in the Detroit metropolitan area. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey (conducted March1 st through June 30 th , 2008) in which participants completed a self-reported questionnaire, which included demographics, WPS, other types of smoking, and their perception about the hazards of WPS. Results: A total of 272 (85% response rate (272/320) surveys were completed. One hundred and sixty seven (61%) were WPS "users". Fifty-six (22%) used WPS at home, 34 (13%) at coffee shops, 74 (29%) at both locations, and 3 (1%) at other locations. Relative to non-users, WPS users were more likely to be cigarette smokers (OR = 1.7, unadjusted OR = 2.5, p < 0.05), to have someone else in the household who uses WPS (OR = 2.2), to believe that WPS is safe (OR = 1.4, unadjusted OR = 2.0) and that WPS is less harmful than cigarettes (OR = 1.2 unadjusted OR = 1.6, p<0.05). In addition WPS use was associated with less likelihood of believing that one may acquire an infection (OR = 0.9) and that the toxicity of the inhalants was equivalent to cigarette smoking (OR = 0.8). Conclusions: WPS represents a growing public health issue for adolescents in the US. Aggressive education of adolescents is essential in combating the misperception associated this form of smoking.
{"title":"Water-Pipe Tobacco Smoking: An Emerging Health Risk Behavior inAdolescents in the United States","authors":"W. Abuhammour, N. Yousef, J. Evans, Rudayna Zureikat, Mutaz Abuhammour, R. Hasan","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010033","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the attitude and practices of adolescents regarding water-pipe smoking (WPS) in a predefined 'perceived' high risk group of youth 12-18 years of age in the Detroit metropolitan area. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey (conducted March1 st through June 30 th , 2008) in which participants completed a self-reported questionnaire, which included demographics, WPS, other types of smoking, and their perception about the hazards of WPS. Results: A total of 272 (85% response rate (272/320) surveys were completed. One hundred and sixty seven (61%) were WPS \"users\". Fifty-six (22%) used WPS at home, 34 (13%) at coffee shops, 74 (29%) at both locations, and 3 (1%) at other locations. Relative to non-users, WPS users were more likely to be cigarette smokers (OR = 1.7, unadjusted OR = 2.5, p < 0.05), to have someone else in the household who uses WPS (OR = 2.2), to believe that WPS is safe (OR = 1.4, unadjusted OR = 2.0) and that WPS is less harmful than cigarettes (OR = 1.2 unadjusted OR = 1.6, p<0.05). In addition WPS use was associated with less likelihood of believing that one may acquire an infection (OR = 0.9) and that the toxicity of the inhalants was equivalent to cigarette smoking (OR = 0.8). Conclusions: WPS represents a growing public health issue for adolescents in the US. Aggressive education of adolescents is essential in combating the misperception associated this form of smoking.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"2000 1","pages":"33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82814653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-20DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010031
Zenichiro Kato, Y. Shimada, H. Ishiko, N. Kondo
Neurologic complication associated with the use of live attenuated oral poliomyelitis vaccine is uncommon, but vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in recipients or contacts has sometimes been reported. We report here a com- munity-acquired aseptic meningitis case and the genetic investigation of the isolated poliovirus type 2. The results of the genetic analysis indicate that the mechanism of this meningitis could be the result of the reversion of the virus during rep- lication in the other vaccine recipients, suggesting a quest for revising the current vaccination program.
{"title":"Reversion to the Neurovilurent Genome Sequence of Polio Vaccine VirusIsolated from Community-Acquired Meningitis","authors":"Zenichiro Kato, Y. Shimada, H. Ishiko, N. Kondo","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010031","url":null,"abstract":"Neurologic complication associated with the use of live attenuated oral poliomyelitis vaccine is uncommon, but vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in recipients or contacts has sometimes been reported. We report here a com- munity-acquired aseptic meningitis case and the genetic investigation of the isolated poliovirus type 2. The results of the genetic analysis indicate that the mechanism of this meningitis could be the result of the reversion of the virus during rep- lication in the other vaccine recipients, suggesting a quest for revising the current vaccination program.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"87 1","pages":"31-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83509291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-13DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010021
A. Fette, L. Hörte
Objectives: Straddle injury represents a rare and complex injury to the female genito urinary tract (GUT). Overall prevention would be the ultimate goal, but due to persistent inhomogenity and inconsistency in definitions and guidelines, or suboptimal coding, the optimal study design for a prevention programme is still missing. Thus, medical records data were tested for their potential use for an injury surveillance registry and their impact on future prevention programmes. Design: Retrospective record analysis out of a 3 year period. Setting: All patients were treated exclusively by the first author. Patients: Six girls, median age 7 years, range 3.5 to 12 years with classical straddle injury. Interventions: Medical treatment and recording according to National and International Standards. Main Outcome Measures: All records were analyzed for accuracy in diagnosis and coding, surgical procedure, time and location of incident and examination findings. Results: All registration data sets were complete. A specific code for “straddle injury” in International Classification of Diseases (ICD) did not exist. Coding followed mainly reimbursement issues and specific information about the injury was usually expressed in an individual style. Conclusions: As demonstrated in this pilot, population based medical record data collection can play a substantial part in local injury surveillance registry and prevention initiatives planning.
{"title":"Straddle Injury in Girls. A Pilot Study Testing Potential for an InjurySurveillance Registry","authors":"A. Fette, L. Hörte","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010021","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Straddle injury represents a rare and complex injury to the female genito urinary tract (GUT). Overall prevention would be the ultimate goal, but due to persistent inhomogenity and inconsistency in definitions and guidelines, or suboptimal coding, the optimal study design for a prevention programme is still missing. Thus, medical records data were tested for their potential use for an injury surveillance registry and their impact on future prevention programmes. Design: Retrospective record analysis out of a 3 year period. Setting: All patients were treated exclusively by the first author. Patients: Six girls, median age 7 years, range 3.5 to 12 years with classical straddle injury. Interventions: Medical treatment and recording according to National and International Standards. Main Outcome Measures: All records were analyzed for accuracy in diagnosis and coding, surgical procedure, time and location of incident and examination findings. Results: All registration data sets were complete. A specific code for “straddle injury” in International Classification of Diseases (ICD) did not exist. Coding followed mainly reimbursement issues and specific information about the injury was usually expressed in an individual style. Conclusions: As demonstrated in this pilot, population based medical record data collection can play a substantial part in local injury surveillance registry and prevention initiatives planning.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"123 1","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85647752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-03-13DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010026
R. Hasan, W. Abuhammour, G. Zureikat
Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of obesity (body mass index 95 th percentile) on objective measures of airway obstruction as determined by spirometry. Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Methods: Two hundred ninty six (Age: 13.6 ± 1.5 Years) children from two middle schools were enrolled. The standing heights and weights in bear-feet were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Spirometry was performed according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines. The definition of reversible airway obstruction was based on the following criteria: forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 5% lower than predicted for age and sex. Results: Two-hundred-twenty-six children (76%) were African-American and 71 children (24%) were white. 138 (46%) children were obese. 36/296 (12%) children met the criteria for reversible airway obstruction, of which 29/296 (9.7%) were obese. Baseline FEV1 percent predicted (88 ± 6 vs 84 ± 7 %, p = 0.03), FEV1 /FVC(94 ± 6 vs 86 ± 8, p < 0.001), and FEV1 percent predicted following albuterol administration (95 ± 7 vs 88 ± 7 %, p = 0.03) were all lower in children who were obese.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Body Weight and Objective Measures of AirwayObstruction in Children","authors":"R. Hasan, W. Abuhammour, G. Zureikat","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010026","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of obesity (body mass index 95 th percentile) on objective measures of airway obstruction as determined by spirometry. Design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Methods: Two hundred ninty six (Age: 13.6 ± 1.5 Years) children from two middle schools were enrolled. The standing heights and weights in bear-feet were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Spirometry was performed according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines. The definition of reversible airway obstruction was based on the following criteria: forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 5% lower than predicted for age and sex. Results: Two-hundred-twenty-six children (76%) were African-American and 71 children (24%) were white. 138 (46%) children were obese. 36/296 (12%) children met the criteria for reversible airway obstruction, of which 29/296 (9.7%) were obese. Baseline FEV1 percent predicted (88 ± 6 vs 84 ± 7 %, p = 0.03), FEV1 /FVC(94 ± 6 vs 86 ± 8, p < 0.001), and FEV1 percent predicted following albuterol administration (95 ± 7 vs 88 ± 7 %, p = 0.03) were all lower in children who were obese.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"53 1","pages":"26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75954904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-02-23DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010018
Zenichiro Kato, Takahide Teramoto, N. Kondo
A case of immunoglobulin deficiency suffered from recurrent enterocolitis and otitis media was treated by Shoukenchuto, one of the Japanese herbal medicines (Kampo), and his susceptibility to infection markedly improved. The increase in the T cell percentage and in the lymphocyte proliferation in our patient suggests the importance of regulatory function of T cells for clinical improvement. The findings in our case and the previously reported cases suggest the use- fulness of Japanese herbal medicine or Chinese medicine as an alternative or a supportive therapy for patients with immu- nological abnormalities.
{"title":"Beneficial Effects of Herbal Medicine on Susceptibility to Infection in a Patientwith Immunoglobulin Deficiency","authors":"Zenichiro Kato, Takahide Teramoto, N. Kondo","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010018","url":null,"abstract":"A case of immunoglobulin deficiency suffered from recurrent enterocolitis and otitis media was treated by Shoukenchuto, one of the Japanese herbal medicines (Kampo), and his susceptibility to infection markedly improved. The increase in the T cell percentage and in the lymphocyte proliferation in our patient suggests the importance of regulatory function of T cells for clinical improvement. The findings in our case and the previously reported cases suggest the use- fulness of Japanese herbal medicine or Chinese medicine as an alternative or a supportive therapy for patients with immu- nological abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"18-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90122966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-02-12DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010013
S. Maddaluno, M. Esposito, C. Veropalumbo, C. Gentile, I. D. Napoli, M. Caropreso, N. Sannolo, P. Vajro
Aims: To evaluate whether orocoecal transit time (OCTT) might improve the correct allocation (lactose absorb- ers vs malabsorbers) of subjects with "borderline" H2 Breath test (H2BT) values ranging 10-20 ppm, and to determine among malabsorbers if OCTT can aid to discern lactose intolerant from tolerant individuals. Patients and Methods: OCTT and increment of H2 levels in breath following a dose of lactose were assessed in 49 chil- dren (mean age 3.3 years; range 0.6-11.0) suspected of lactose malabsorption. A rise > 20 ppm was used as the criterion to separate malabsorbers from absorbers. Results: OCTT averaged 177 ± 40 minutes (mean ± SD) in 14 H2 producing lactose absorbers and 78 ± 39 minutes in 22 lactose malabsorbers (p 75 minutes and no lactose tolerant subject had an OCTT < 75 minutes (sensitivity and specificity 100%; PPV and NPV 100%). Values between 105 and 175 minutes represented a gray area including both absorbers (21%) and all tolerant malabsorb- ers (100%). OCTT longer than 175 minutes excluded lactose malabsorption (sensitivity 100%; specificity 69%; PPV 84%; NPV 100%). In 6 out of 8 cases with borderline H2BT results, OCTT clear cut values were useful to reach the cor- rect diagnostic allocation. Conclusions: OCTT evaluation in addition to considering only H2 concentration is a methodological improvement of H2BT procedure. Although it does not represent an absolute gold standard, OCTT testing may aid in reaching a diagnostic conclusion in some patients where clinical and laboratory features after lactose ingestion remains unclear.
{"title":"Time Course of H2 Production Following Oral Lactose Load in Childrenwith and without Lactose Intolerance","authors":"S. Maddaluno, M. Esposito, C. Veropalumbo, C. Gentile, I. D. Napoli, M. Caropreso, N. Sannolo, P. Vajro","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010013","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To evaluate whether orocoecal transit time (OCTT) might improve the correct allocation (lactose absorb- ers vs malabsorbers) of subjects with \"borderline\" H2 Breath test (H2BT) values ranging 10-20 ppm, and to determine among malabsorbers if OCTT can aid to discern lactose intolerant from tolerant individuals. Patients and Methods: OCTT and increment of H2 levels in breath following a dose of lactose were assessed in 49 chil- dren (mean age 3.3 years; range 0.6-11.0) suspected of lactose malabsorption. A rise > 20 ppm was used as the criterion to separate malabsorbers from absorbers. Results: OCTT averaged 177 ± 40 minutes (mean ± SD) in 14 H2 producing lactose absorbers and 78 ± 39 minutes in 22 lactose malabsorbers (p 75 minutes and no lactose tolerant subject had an OCTT < 75 minutes (sensitivity and specificity 100%; PPV and NPV 100%). Values between 105 and 175 minutes represented a gray area including both absorbers (21%) and all tolerant malabsorb- ers (100%). OCTT longer than 175 minutes excluded lactose malabsorption (sensitivity 100%; specificity 69%; PPV 84%; NPV 100%). In 6 out of 8 cases with borderline H2BT results, OCTT clear cut values were useful to reach the cor- rect diagnostic allocation. Conclusions: OCTT evaluation in addition to considering only H2 concentration is a methodological improvement of H2BT procedure. Although it does not represent an absolute gold standard, OCTT testing may aid in reaching a diagnostic conclusion in some patients where clinical and laboratory features after lactose ingestion remains unclear.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"13-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72769065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-29DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010008
K. Allegaert, S. Vanhaesebrouck, C. Vanhole, I. Casteels
Purpose: Document indicators of an increased risk to develop retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in low birth weight (LBW, 1 250g. In a logistic regression model in 248 LBW survivors, both GA (OR 0.42) and CRIB score (OR 1.35) remained independent risk factors for stage 3 ROP, resulting in 90% of cases classified correctly. Conclusions: Stage 3 ROP is almost exclusively limited to neonates with a birth weight below 1000g and retinopathy (any stage) is almost absent in neonates with a birth weight > 1 250g. Immaturity, i.e. GA at birth and CRIB score, reflecting disease severity, are the most important risk factors to develop retinopathy.
{"title":"Immaturity and Disease Severity are Independent Risk Factors to DevelopRetinopathy of Prematurity","authors":"K. Allegaert, S. Vanhaesebrouck, C. Vanhole, I. Casteels","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010008","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Document indicators of an increased risk to develop retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in low birth weight (LBW, 1 250g. In a logistic regression model in 248 LBW survivors, both GA (OR 0.42) and CRIB score (OR 1.35) remained independent risk factors for stage 3 ROP, resulting in 90% of cases classified correctly. Conclusions: Stage 3 ROP is almost exclusively limited to neonates with a birth weight below 1000g and retinopathy (any stage) is almost absent in neonates with a birth weight > 1 250g. Immaturity, i.e. GA at birth and CRIB score, reflecting disease severity, are the most important risk factors to develop retinopathy.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"29 4 1","pages":"8-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83517701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-02DOI: 10.2174/1874309900903010001
J. Pavare, I. Grope, L. Eihvalde, D. Gardovska
Sepsis caused by infection remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity among children. Several inflam- matory markers have failed to meet the requirements for early diagnosis of sepsis. We saw the potential value of measur- ing the total leukocyte count and the inflammatory markers C reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin (IL) 6 in patients with SIRS for early identifying of sepsis. Children with SIRS (n = 52) were included in a prospective study. Changes in the total leukocyte count and levels of inflammatory markers and their inter-correlations were evaluated in SIRS and sepsis patients at different time points. Sepsis was recognized in 21% of the SIRS patients. There was a statis- tically significant difference between PCT and CRP levels in the SIRS and sepsis patient groups. In patients with sepsis, the IL6 level at the outset of the study had a mean value of 476.68 ± 955.137 pg/ml, which differed significantly from the mean IL6 level in SIRS patients (51.3 ± 137.5 pg/ml). The IL6 level in sepsis patients decreased significantly after 24 hours. We conclude that SIRS and sepsis patients differed significantly in respect of changes in CRP, PCT and IL6 levels. In view of the relatively small number of subjects in the sepsis group we can only suggest that special attention should be paid to SIRS patients with elevated levels of those indicators. A continuing search for specific and sensitive inflammatory markers and their combinations in SIRS patients is required so that sepsis can be diagnosed early enough.
{"title":"Diagnostic Markers for Identifying Sepsis in Patients with SystemicInflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS): A Prospective Study","authors":"J. Pavare, I. Grope, L. Eihvalde, D. Gardovska","doi":"10.2174/1874309900903010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874309900903010001","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis caused by infection remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity among children. Several inflam- matory markers have failed to meet the requirements for early diagnosis of sepsis. We saw the potential value of measur- ing the total leukocyte count and the inflammatory markers C reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin (IL) 6 in patients with SIRS for early identifying of sepsis. Children with SIRS (n = 52) were included in a prospective study. Changes in the total leukocyte count and levels of inflammatory markers and their inter-correlations were evaluated in SIRS and sepsis patients at different time points. Sepsis was recognized in 21% of the SIRS patients. There was a statis- tically significant difference between PCT and CRP levels in the SIRS and sepsis patient groups. In patients with sepsis, the IL6 level at the outset of the study had a mean value of 476.68 ± 955.137 pg/ml, which differed significantly from the mean IL6 level in SIRS patients (51.3 ± 137.5 pg/ml). The IL6 level in sepsis patients decreased significantly after 24 hours. We conclude that SIRS and sepsis patients differed significantly in respect of changes in CRP, PCT and IL6 levels. In view of the relatively small number of subjects in the sepsis group we can only suggest that special attention should be paid to SIRS patients with elevated levels of those indicators. A continuing search for specific and sensitive inflammatory markers and their combinations in SIRS patients is required so that sepsis can be diagnosed early enough.","PeriodicalId":89037,"journal":{"name":"The open pediatric medicine journal","volume":"228 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79476375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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