首页 > 最新文献

Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics最新文献

英文 中文
Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Contributors in Autoimmunity. 细胞外囊泡:自身免疫的进化贡献者。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016016491
Stergios Katsiougiannis

Extracellular vesicles, including microvesicles, exosomes and apoptotic bodies are recognized as carriers of pathogen-associated molecules with direct involvement in immune signaling and inflammation. Those observations have enforced the way these membranous vesicles are being considered as promising immunotherapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in autoimmunity and highlights their potential use as disease biomarkers as well as targets for the treatment and prevention of autoimmune diseases.

细胞外囊泡,包括微囊泡、外泌体和凋亡小体,被认为是病原体相关分子的载体,直接参与免疫信号传导和炎症。这些观察结果加强了这些膜性囊泡被认为是有希望的免疫治疗靶点的方式。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了细胞外囊泡在自身免疫中的新作用,并强调了它们作为疾病生物标志物以及治疗和预防自身免疫性疾病的靶点的潜在用途。
{"title":"Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Contributors in Autoimmunity.","authors":"Stergios Katsiougiannis","doi":"10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016016491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016016491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracellular vesicles, including microvesicles, exosomes and apoptotic bodies are recognized as carriers of pathogen-associated molecules with direct involvement in immune signaling and inflammation. Those observations have enforced the way these membranous vesicles are being considered as promising immunotherapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in autoimmunity and highlights their potential use as disease biomarkers as well as targets for the treatment and prevention of autoimmune diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 3-4","pages":"163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5396963/pdf/nihms809202.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34936444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Fond Memories of John Fahey. 约翰·费伊的美好回忆。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016015391
Roger Detels

John Fahey was one of the first investigators to study the then-new acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). He made major contributions to the design of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), and vigorously promoted novel and high-quality science as the MACS evolved. His contributions are highly valued.

John Fahey是最早研究当时新出现的获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)的研究者之一。他对多中心艾滋病队列研究(MACS)的设计做出了重要贡献,并随着MACS的发展大力推动了新颖、高质量的科学研究。他的贡献受到高度重视。
{"title":"Fond Memories of John Fahey.","authors":"Roger Detels","doi":"10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016015391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016015391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>John Fahey was one of the first investigators to study the then-new acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). He made major contributions to the design of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), and vigorously promoted novel and high-quality science as the MACS evolved. His contributions are highly valued.</p>","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1-2","pages":"51-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016015391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34766385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eulogy to Professor John L. Fahey: My Teacher, Collaborator, and Professional Counselor 致约翰·法伊教授:我的老师、合作者和专业顾问
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015263
B. Bonavida
My family and I were indeed very sad to learn of the early departure of Professor John L. Fahey, an exemplary academic scientist and administrator who contributed significantly to the biological sciences, unraveling many underlying mechanisms of several diseases, including cancer and HIV. His contributions have substantially improved human health worldwide. I was fortunate to meet John for the first time at a 1970 immunology conference in Washington D.C. He had been recruited from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) to become the chair of the then department of microbiology and immunology at the School of Medicine. I was a postdoctoral fellow at the Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot, Israel, beginning in 1969 after receiving my Ph.D. degree at UCLA under the preceptorship of the late professor Eli Sercarz. John was recruiting new faculty at UCLA, and he requested an interview with me in Washington. During the interview, I was impressed by his vision, charisma, and knowledge and the new strategic program that he had developed for UCLA. Shortly after my interview, I received a formal letter offering me the position of assistant professor under his chairmanship. I accepted the offer and returned to Los Angeles, beginning my career in the fall of 1971. Being a new faculty member, John took me under his wing and helped me to develop my research laboratory, prepare NIH research grants, and provide me with the initial financial support for my research, including research technicians and postdoctoral fellows. Along with other newly appointed faculty, fellows, and graduate students, he organized a weekly group meeting for a multidisciplinary program in immunobiology under the sponsorship of an NIH Program Project that he initiated and ran successfully for many years. With his help, I introduced a new niche of research in cell-mediated immunity and cytotoxicity in the fields of both allotransplantation and cancer. My laboratory continued to grow and be funded by the NIH, and our findings were published in highly refereed journals, initially in collaboration with John. Several of those joint publications are listed below.* With John’s support and help, I was promoted to a tenured position as associate professor and subsequently a full professor.
约翰·费伊教授是一位杰出的学术科学家和管理人员,他对生物科学做出了重大贡献,揭示了包括癌症和艾滋病毒在内的几种疾病的许多潜在机制。得知他提前离开,我和我的家人确实感到非常难过。他的贡献大大改善了全世界人类的健康状况。1970年,我有幸在华盛顿特区的一次免疫学会议上第一次见到约翰。他从美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)被招募到加州大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA),成为当时医学院微生物学和免疫学系主任。1969年,我在加州大学洛杉矶分校获得博士学位,师从已故的Eli Sercarz教授,在以色列雷霍沃特的魏茨曼科学研究所做博士后。约翰在加州大学洛杉矶分校招聘新教员,他要求我到华盛顿去面试。在面试过程中,他的远见卓识、个人魅力、知识以及他为加州大学洛杉矶分校开发的新战略项目给我留下了深刻的印象。面试后不久,我收到一封正式的信,邀请我担任他的助理教授。我接受了邀请,回到了洛杉矶,在1971年秋天开始了我的职业生涯。作为一名新教员,约翰把我放在他的羽翼下,帮助我发展我的研究实验室,准备NIH的研究经费,并为我的研究提供最初的经济支持,包括研究技术人员和博士后。与其他新任命的教师、研究员和研究生一起,他组织了一个免疫生物学多学科项目的每周小组会议,该项目由他发起并成功运行了多年。在他的帮助下,我在同种异体移植和癌症领域引入了细胞介导免疫和细胞毒性研究的新领域。我的实验室继续发展壮大,并得到了美国国立卫生研究院的资助,我们的研究结果发表在高度认可的期刊上,最初是与约翰合作的。下面列出了其中一些联合出版物。*在约翰的支持和帮助下,我被提升为终身副教授,随后又晋升为正教授。
{"title":"Eulogy to Professor John L. Fahey: My Teacher, Collaborator, and Professional Counselor","authors":"B. Bonavida","doi":"10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015263","url":null,"abstract":"My family and I were indeed very sad to learn of the early departure of Professor John L. Fahey, an exemplary academic scientist and administrator who contributed significantly to the biological sciences, unraveling many underlying mechanisms of several diseases, including cancer and HIV. His contributions have substantially improved human health worldwide. I was fortunate to meet John for the first time at a 1970 immunology conference in Washington D.C. He had been recruited from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) to become the chair of the then department of microbiology and immunology at the School of Medicine. I was a postdoctoral fellow at the Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot, Israel, beginning in 1969 after receiving my Ph.D. degree at UCLA under the preceptorship of the late professor Eli Sercarz. John was recruiting new faculty at UCLA, and he requested an interview with me in Washington. During the interview, I was impressed by his vision, charisma, and knowledge and the new strategic program that he had developed for UCLA. Shortly after my interview, I received a formal letter offering me the position of assistant professor under his chairmanship. I accepted the offer and returned to Los Angeles, beginning my career in the fall of 1971. Being a new faculty member, John took me under his wing and helped me to develop my research laboratory, prepare NIH research grants, and provide me with the initial financial support for my research, including research technicians and postdoctoral fellows. Along with other newly appointed faculty, fellows, and graduate students, he organized a weekly group meeting for a multidisciplinary program in immunobiology under the sponsorship of an NIH Program Project that he initiated and ran successfully for many years. With his help, I introduced a new niche of research in cell-mediated immunity and cytotoxicity in the fields of both allotransplantation and cancer. My laboratory continued to grow and be funded by the NIH, and our findings were published in highly refereed journals, initially in collaboration with John. Several of those joint publications are listed below.* With John’s support and help, I was promoted to a tenured position as associate professor and subsequently a full professor.","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67440159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preface: Microvesicles in Human Diseases and their Role in Intercellular Communication and Signaling 前言:人类疾病中的微泡及其在细胞间通讯和信号传导中的作用
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2016016930
Federica Vannini, F. Russo
The aim of this special section is to present the emerging role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in pathophysiology. The concept of EVs has gained increasing importance in biomedicine during the past few years; new questions continue to arise and many older questions are finding new answers. It is our belief that the articles in this special section will attract the interest of many investigators, will provide valuable new information to readers, and will inspire many more studies. Thus, several reviews have been selected to explain the importance of microvesicles in human diseases, analyzing their role from the viewpoint of molecular and cell biology. Extracellular Vesicles as a Potential Mediators of Epigenetic Reprogramming. Post-translational modifications of histones or DNA methylation regulate many natural processes, such as embryogenesis or cellular homeostasis, and their alteration can lead to the development of several pathologies, including cancer. This extracellular vesicle–dependent epigenetic reprogramming is well discussed by Anna Lewandowska Ronnegren. Tissue Cross-Talk and Exosomal-MicroRNAs. The interest in EVs has increased further as a result of the discovery of exosomal microRNAs, potential biomarkers for the detection of diseases at an early stage. Micol Marchetti investigates the biochemical and physiological features of exosomes, focusing on the role of microRNAs as tissue cross-talk instruments, a new pathway of cell communication. Extracellular Vesicle–Mediated Transfer of MicroRNAs in Atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular diseases are the most important health problem in the Western world, along with cancer. Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, Federica Vannini and Francesco Russo describe a way to use microRNAs as a biomarker for atherosclerosis, and they identify those that may be important therapeutic targets for clinical applications. Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Contributors in Autoimmunity. The emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in immune signaling and inflammation are evaluated and discussed by Stergios Katsiougiannis. In particular, he analyzes several autoimmune diseases (i.e., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis and antiphospholipid syndrome), providing new potential therapeutic strategies with the implication of EVs. Exosomes, Ectosomes and the Two Together: Physiology and Pathology. The promising potential of vesicles in therapy should not be restricted to exosomes. Because most functions of cells and tissues are regulated by the cooperation between ectosomes and exosomes, Jacopo Meldolesi explains the different properties of both vesicles, the procedure to isolate them from the mixture of extracellular vesicles, and their important role in physiology and pathology. CircularRNAs and Exosomes: the New Frontier of Cancer Diagnosis. Circular RNAs are important contributors in extracellular vesicles. This class of lo
这一特殊部分的目的是介绍细胞外囊泡(EVs)在病理生理学中的新兴作用。在过去的几年里,电动汽车的概念在生物医学领域得到了越来越多的重视;新问题不断出现,许多老问题也在寻找新的答案。我们相信,这一专题的文章将吸引许多研究者的兴趣,将为读者提供有价值的新信息,并将激发更多的研究。因此,本文从分子生物学和细胞生物学的角度分析了微囊泡在人类疾病中的作用,阐述了微囊泡在人类疾病中的重要性。细胞外囊泡作为表观遗传重编程的潜在介质。组蛋白或DNA甲基化的翻译后修饰调节许多自然过程,如胚胎发生或细胞稳态,它们的改变可导致包括癌症在内的几种病理的发展。Anna Lewandowska Ronnegren对这种细胞外囊泡依赖性表观遗传重编程进行了很好的讨论。组织串扰和外泌体微rna。由于外泌体microrna(早期疾病检测的潜在生物标志物)的发现,对ev的兴趣进一步增加。Micol Marchetti研究了外泌体的生化和生理特征,重点研究了microrna作为组织串扰工具的作用,这是一种新的细胞通信途径。动脉粥样硬化中细胞外小泡介导的microrna转移。心血管疾病和癌症是西方世界最重要的健康问题。动脉粥样硬化是心血管疾病的主要原因。在这篇综述中,Federica Vannini和Francesco Russo描述了一种使用microrna作为动脉粥样硬化生物标志物的方法,并确定了那些可能是临床应用的重要治疗靶点。细胞外囊泡:自身免疫的进化贡献者。细胞外囊泡在免疫信号和炎症中的新作用由Stergios Katsiougiannis评估和讨论。特别是,他分析了几种自身免疫性疾病(如类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、干燥综合征、系统性硬化症和抗磷脂综合征),为ev的潜在治疗策略提供了新的建议。外泌体,外泌体和两者在一起:生理学和病理学。囊泡在治疗中的潜力不应局限于外泌体。由于细胞和组织的大多数功能是由外泌体和外泌体之间的合作调节的,Jacopo Meldolesi解释了这两种囊泡的不同特性,从细胞外囊泡混合物中分离它们的过程,以及它们在生理和病理中的重要作用。环状rna和外泌体:癌症诊断的新前沿。环状rna是细胞外囊泡的重要贡献者。这类长链非编码rna可能是癌症诊断的新循环生物标志物。Flavia Scoyni和Rosalba Giugno展示了生物医学研究的新前沿。我们要感谢本杰明·博纳维达博士给我们这个机会来介绍这个特别节目。
{"title":"Preface: Microvesicles in Human Diseases and their Role in Intercellular Communication and Signaling","authors":"Federica Vannini, F. Russo","doi":"10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2016016930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2016016930","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this special section is to present the emerging role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in pathophysiology. The concept of EVs has gained increasing importance in biomedicine during the past few years; new questions continue to arise and many older questions are finding new answers. It is our belief that the articles in this special section will attract the interest of many investigators, will provide valuable new information to readers, and will inspire many more studies. Thus, several reviews have been selected to explain the importance of microvesicles in human diseases, analyzing their role from the viewpoint of molecular and cell biology. Extracellular Vesicles as a Potential Mediators of Epigenetic Reprogramming. Post-translational modifications of histones or DNA methylation regulate many natural processes, such as embryogenesis or cellular homeostasis, and their alteration can lead to the development of several pathologies, including cancer. This extracellular vesicle–dependent epigenetic reprogramming is well discussed by Anna Lewandowska Ronnegren. Tissue Cross-Talk and Exosomal-MicroRNAs. The interest in EVs has increased further as a result of the discovery of exosomal microRNAs, potential biomarkers for the detection of diseases at an early stage. Micol Marchetti investigates the biochemical and physiological features of exosomes, focusing on the role of microRNAs as tissue cross-talk instruments, a new pathway of cell communication. Extracellular Vesicle–Mediated Transfer of MicroRNAs in Atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular diseases are the most important health problem in the Western world, along with cancer. Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, Federica Vannini and Francesco Russo describe a way to use microRNAs as a biomarker for atherosclerosis, and they identify those that may be important therapeutic targets for clinical applications. Extracellular Vesicles: Evolving Contributors in Autoimmunity. The emerging roles of extracellular vesicles in immune signaling and inflammation are evaluated and discussed by Stergios Katsiougiannis. In particular, he analyzes several autoimmune diseases (i.e., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis and antiphospholipid syndrome), providing new potential therapeutic strategies with the implication of EVs. Exosomes, Ectosomes and the Two Together: Physiology and Pathology. The promising potential of vesicles in therapy should not be restricted to exosomes. Because most functions of cells and tissues are regulated by the cooperation between ectosomes and exosomes, Jacopo Meldolesi explains the different properties of both vesicles, the procedure to isolate them from the mixture of extracellular vesicles, and their important role in physiology and pathology. CircularRNAs and Exosomes: the New Frontier of Cancer Diagnosis. Circular RNAs are important contributors in extracellular vesicles. This class of lo","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2016016930","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67440281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human T-Cell Development and Thymic Egress: An Infectious Disease Perspective. 人类 T 细胞发育与胸腺出口:传染病的视角。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2015014226
Rachel S Resop, Christel H Uittenbogaart

Emigration of mature naïve CD4 SP T cells from the human thymus to the periphery is not fully understood, although elucidation of the mechanisms that govern egress of T cells is crucial to understanding both basic immunology and the immune response in diseases such as HIV infection. Recent work has brought to light the requirement for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors in a variety of fields including mature naïve T-cell egress from the thymus of mice. We are examining the expression and function of this novel requisite T-cell egress receptor within the human thymus, characterizing changes observed in the expression and function of this receptor in infectious diseases. To perform this work, we use a variety of humanized murine models reviewed in this article. Future work in the field of T-cell egress, especially as it pertains to S1P receptors, should advance the fields of basic T-cell immunology and immunopathology and open new avenues for exploration into novel therapeutics.

成熟的幼稚 CD4 SP T 细胞从人类胸腺向外周移出的情况尚未完全清楚,尽管阐明支配 T 细胞移出的机制对于理解基础免疫学和艾滋病病毒感染等疾病的免疫反应至关重要。最近的研究揭示了鞘氨醇-1-磷酸(S1P)及其受体在多个领域的需求,包括成熟的幼稚 T 细胞从小鼠胸腺排出。我们正在研究人类胸腺中这种新的必要T细胞排出受体的表达和功能,并对在感染性疾病中观察到的这种受体的表达和功能变化进行定性。为了完成这项工作,我们使用了本文中评述的各种人源化小鼠模型。未来在T细胞出路领域的工作,尤其是与S1P受体有关的工作,将推动基础T细胞免疫学和免疫病理学领域的发展,并为探索新型疗法开辟新的途径。
{"title":"Human T-Cell Development and Thymic Egress: An Infectious Disease Perspective.","authors":"Rachel S Resop, Christel H Uittenbogaart","doi":"10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2015014226","DOIUrl":"10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2015014226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emigration of mature naïve CD4 SP T cells from the human thymus to the periphery is not fully understood, although elucidation of the mechanisms that govern egress of T cells is crucial to understanding both basic immunology and the immune response in diseases such as HIV infection. Recent work has brought to light the requirement for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors in a variety of fields including mature naïve T-cell egress from the thymus of mice. We are examining the expression and function of this novel requisite T-cell egress receptor within the human thymus, characterizing changes observed in the expression and function of this receptor in infectious diseases. To perform this work, we use a variety of humanized murine models reviewed in this article. Future work in the field of T-cell egress, especially as it pertains to S1P receptors, should advance the fields of basic T-cell immunology and immunopathology and open new avenues for exploration into novel therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1-2","pages":"33-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5489135/pdf/nihms861207.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35138575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reinvigorating Exhausted T Cells by Blockade of the PD-1 Pathway. 通过阻断 PD-1 通路重新激活衰竭的 T 细胞
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2015014188
Junghwa Lee, Eunseon Ahn, Haydn T Kissick, Rafi Ahmed

T-cell exhaustion due to persistent antigen stimulation is a key feature of chronic viral infections and cancer. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a major regulator of T-cell exhaustion, and blocking the PD-1 pathway restores T-cell function and improves pathogen control and tumor eradication. Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1 inhibitory receptor pathway has demonstrated significant antitumor activity. Recently, antibodies blocking PD-1 have been approved for use in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the role of the PD-1 pathway in chronic infection and cancer and the therapeutic potential of PD-1-directed immunotherapy in patients with chronic infection or cancer.

抗原持续刺激导致的T细胞衰竭是慢性病毒感染和癌症的一个主要特征。程序性细胞死亡-1(PD-1)是T细胞衰竭的主要调节因子,阻断PD-1通路可恢复T细胞功能,改善病原体控制和肿瘤根除。以 PD-1 抑制受体通路为靶点的免疫疗法已显示出显著的抗肿瘤活性。最近,阻断 PD-1 的抗体已被批准用于癌症患者。在这篇综述中,我们总结了 PD-1 通路在慢性感染和癌症中的作用,以及 PD-1 引导的免疫疗法在慢性感染或癌症患者中的治疗潜力。
{"title":"Reinvigorating Exhausted T Cells by Blockade of the PD-1 Pathway.","authors":"Junghwa Lee, Eunseon Ahn, Haydn T Kissick, Rafi Ahmed","doi":"10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2015014188","DOIUrl":"10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2015014188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>T-cell exhaustion due to persistent antigen stimulation is a key feature of chronic viral infections and cancer. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a major regulator of T-cell exhaustion, and blocking the PD-1 pathway restores T-cell function and improves pathogen control and tumor eradication. Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1 inhibitory receptor pathway has demonstrated significant antitumor activity. Recently, antibodies blocking PD-1 have been approved for use in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the role of the PD-1 pathway in chronic infection and cancer and the therapeutic potential of PD-1-directed immunotherapy in patients with chronic infection or cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1-2","pages":"7-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5341794/pdf/nihms845622.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34806042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immune Activation: Contribution to AIDS-Associated Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. 免疫激活:对艾滋病相关非霍奇金淋巴瘤的贡献。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016014177
Marta Epeldegui, Otoniel Martínez-Maza

HIV infection is associated with a greatly elevated risk for the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which while diminished, remains elevated in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. Chronic B cell activation, driven by contact with HIV virions, B cell-stimulatory cytokines, viruses (EBV, HPV, HCV), and by high levels of antigenic stimulation occurs in HIV infected persons, and it is seen at even higher levels in those who go on to develop AIDS-NHL. Evidence from multiple studies indicates that elevated serum levels of several B cell-stimulatory cytokines and biomarkers are seen preceding AIDS-NHL, as well as in immunocompetent persons that develop NHL. Phenotypic changes in circulating B cells also are seen preceding AIDS-NHL, including the expression of AICDA, and of cell-surface molecules and miRNA that are associated with activated B cells. HAART only partially normalizes the immune system of treated HIV+ persons as they still show clear evidence for ongoing inflammation and immune activation in, even those who show complete suppression of HIV viremia. Together, this provides ample evidence to support the notion that chronic activation of B cells contributes to the genesis of B cell lymphomas.

HIV感染与发生非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的风险大大增加有关,在高活性抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)时代,这一风险虽然降低了,但仍然很高。慢性B细胞激活,由接触HIV病毒、B细胞刺激细胞因子、病毒(EBV、HPV、HCV)和高水平的抗原刺激驱动,发生在HIV感染者身上,在那些继续发展为AIDS-NHL的人身上,它的水平甚至更高。来自多项研究的证据表明,在艾滋病-非hl之前,以及在免疫功能正常的非hl患者中,血清中几种B细胞刺激细胞因子和生物标志物水平升高。在艾滋病- nhl之前,循环B细胞的表型变化也可见,包括AICDA的表达,以及与活化B细胞相关的细胞表面分子和miRNA的表达。HAART疗法只能使接受治疗的HIV+患者的免疫系统部分正常化,因为他们仍然显示出持续的炎症和免疫激活,即使是那些表现出完全抑制HIV病毒血症的人。总之,这提供了充分的证据来支持B细胞的慢性激活有助于B细胞淋巴瘤发生的概念。
{"title":"Immune Activation: Contribution to AIDS-Associated Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.","authors":"Marta Epeldegui,&nbsp;Otoniel Martínez-Maza","doi":"10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016014177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016014177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV infection is associated with a greatly elevated risk for the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which while diminished, remains elevated in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. Chronic B cell activation, driven by contact with HIV virions, B cell-stimulatory cytokines, viruses (EBV, HPV, HCV), and by high levels of antigenic stimulation occurs in HIV infected persons, and it is seen at even higher levels in those who go on to develop AIDS-NHL. Evidence from multiple studies indicates that elevated serum levels of several B cell-stimulatory cytokines and biomarkers are seen preceding AIDS-NHL, as well as in immunocompetent persons that develop NHL. Phenotypic changes in circulating B cells also are seen preceding AIDS-NHL, including the expression of AICDA, and of cell-surface molecules and miRNA that are associated with activated B cells. HAART only partially normalizes the immune system of treated HIV<sup>+</sup> persons as they still show clear evidence for ongoing inflammation and immune activation in, even those who show complete suppression of HIV viremia. Together, this provides ample evidence to support the notion that chronic activation of B cells contributes to the genesis of B cell lymphomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1-2","pages":"79-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5502768/pdf/nihms850193.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35163532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Preface: John L. Fahey: Pioneer in New Disciplines of Human Immunology 序言:约翰L.费伊:人类免疫学新学科的先驱
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015555
O. Martínez-Maza, C. Uittenbogaart
{"title":"Preface: John L. Fahey: Pioneer in New Disciplines of Human Immunology","authors":"O. Martínez-Maza, C. Uittenbogaart","doi":"10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015555","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67439976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Translational Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Biology and Medicine 口腔生物学和医学中的转化心理神经免疫学
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2016014150
F. Chiappelli, André Barkhordarian, Quyen Bach, G. Demerjian
{"title":"Translational Psychoneuroimmunology in Oral Biology and Medicine","authors":"F. Chiappelli, André Barkhordarian, Quyen Bach, G. Demerjian","doi":"10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2016014150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2016014150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1","pages":"119-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2016014150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67440018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
John L. Fahey: A Man of Many Talents 约翰·法伊:多才多艺的人
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015358
J. Zighelboim
{"title":"John L. Fahey: A Man of Many Talents","authors":"J. Zighelboim","doi":"10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89370,"journal":{"name":"Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics","volume":"6 1","pages":"3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1615/FORUMIMMUNDISTHER.2015015358","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67440172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Forum on immunopathological diseases and therapeutics
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1