Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61881
B. Debnath, Md Enayet Hussain, N. Saha, A. Nayeem, R. Chowdhury
Introduction: Electromyography (EMG) is an invaluable diagnostic tool to reach a diagnosis in patients with hypotonia. The objective of this study was to observe the EMG patterns in children presented as floppy baby. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in the neurophysiology department of the National Institute of Neurosciences and hospital over 4 years. Floppy children, aged 1 month to 5 years, referred to the laboratory for EMG were enrolled in the study. Hypotonia due to acute flaccid paralysis or children having drugs that could cause decreased muscle tone were excluded from the study. Thereafter, children were categorized into groups of central, peripheral, and uncategorized/mixed hypotonia. EMG was done in all patients and an electro-diagnostic impression was made. Results: Out of 72 patients, 54.17% were male and 45.83% were female. Their average age of performing EMG was 26.81±18.12 months. Clinically it was observed that central and peripheral hypotonia were present in 18.05% and 70.83% of cases respectively and in 11.11% of cases, hypotonia could not be differentiated. EMG revealed Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in 38.89% of cases, followed by myopathy (26.39%), peripheral neuropathy (9.72%), and neuromuscular disorder (2.78%). In 19.44% of cases, EMG findings remained normal. Conclusion: Hypotonia of peripheral origin was the most common EMG finding in floppy children. SMA is the commonest electro-diagnostic impression followed by myopathy. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 240-245
{"title":"Electromyographic Patterns in Children presented as Floppy Baby: Experience in a Neurophysiology Laboratory of a Tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"B. Debnath, Md Enayet Hussain, N. Saha, A. Nayeem, R. Chowdhury","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61881","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Electromyography (EMG) is an invaluable diagnostic tool to reach a diagnosis in patients with hypotonia. The objective of this study was to observe the EMG patterns in children presented as floppy baby.\u0000Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in the neurophysiology department of the National Institute of Neurosciences and hospital over 4 years. Floppy children, aged 1 month to 5 years, referred to the laboratory for EMG were enrolled in the study. Hypotonia due to acute flaccid paralysis or children having drugs that could cause decreased muscle tone were excluded from the study. Thereafter, children were categorized into groups of central, peripheral, and uncategorized/mixed hypotonia. EMG was done in all patients and an electro-diagnostic impression was made.\u0000Results: Out of 72 patients, 54.17% were male and 45.83% were female. Their average age of performing EMG was 26.81±18.12 months. Clinically it was observed that central and peripheral hypotonia were present in 18.05% and 70.83% of cases respectively and in 11.11% of cases, hypotonia could not be differentiated. EMG revealed Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in 38.89% of cases, followed by myopathy (26.39%), peripheral neuropathy (9.72%), and neuromuscular disorder (2.78%). In 19.44% of cases, EMG findings remained normal.\u0000Conclusion: Hypotonia of peripheral origin was the most common EMG finding in floppy children. SMA is the commonest electro-diagnostic impression followed by myopathy.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 240-245","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45791727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61879
N. Begum, Tanveer Ahmed, Zahangir Alom Moni, M. Kalam
Introduction: High voltage electrical burn is one of the most devastating burn injuries involving upper limbs in Bangladesh. It causes serious disfigurement and may lead to loss of the whole upper limb. The aim of this study was to see the severity of electric burn injury involving upper limbs pausing amputations at different levels in two tertiary level referral hospitals of Bangladesh. Methods: A prospective observational study was designed to collect the data from Burn and Plastic Surgery Unit, Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Sheikh Hasina National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery from January 2019 to December 2019. One hundred and sixty-nine (169) patients with high voltage electrical burn injury involving upper limb underwent amputation were analyzed according to the severity based on clinical assessment. Results: Male predominance (89%) was observed where right upper limb was involved in 49% of the cases and in 11% cases amputation was bilateral. The most alarming finding was 57.4% patients were below the age of 21 years. Below elbow amputation was done in 48.5% cases followed by above elbow amputations in 32.54% cases. Conclusion: Male sex and younger age are the two most common association with electric burn and subsequent limb amputation. The incidence in higher in upper limbs. This study will help us to create the awareness and for prevention of electric burn. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 279-286
{"title":"Upper Limb Amputations Following Electric Burn: Experience Sharing from Tertiary Hospitals in Bangladesh","authors":"N. Begum, Tanveer Ahmed, Zahangir Alom Moni, M. Kalam","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61879","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: High voltage electrical burn is one of the most devastating burn injuries involving upper limbs in Bangladesh. It causes serious disfigurement and may lead to loss of the whole upper limb. The aim of this study was to see the severity of electric burn injury involving upper limbs pausing amputations at different levels in two tertiary level referral hospitals of Bangladesh.\u0000Methods: A prospective observational study was designed to collect the data from Burn and Plastic Surgery Unit, Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Sheikh Hasina National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery from January 2019 to December 2019. One hundred and sixty-nine (169) patients with high voltage electrical burn injury involving upper limb underwent amputation were analyzed according to the severity based on clinical assessment.\u0000Results: Male predominance (89%) was observed where right upper limb was involved in 49% of the cases and in 11% cases amputation was bilateral. The most alarming finding was 57.4% patients were below the age of 21 years. Below elbow amputation was done in 48.5% cases followed by above elbow amputations in 32.54% cases.\u0000Conclusion: Male sex and younger age are the two most common association with electric burn and subsequent limb amputation. The incidence in higher in upper limbs. This study will help us to create the awareness and for prevention of electric burn.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 279-286","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45662770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61887
R. Awwal, Ahmad Seraji, Md Redwan Ahsanullah, S. Rupa, S. Akhter, R. Joarder
Introduction: Nipple discharge is the presenting complaint in 3-10% of all women with breast-related complaints. It causes considerable anxiety in the modern cancer-conscious woman. Breast surgeons frequently use various tools for diagnosing the underlying cause of nipple discharge. A definitive diagnostic approach is crucial for an accurate diagnosis of the aetiology and exclusion of any malignant breast lesion. The objective of this study was to evaluate diagnostic performances of ductography and microdochectomy and compare these with other conventional diagnostic tools. Methods: This retrospective study included 153 female patients presenting with significant nipple discharge to “Breast Care Center” from December 2011 to December 2018. Informed consent was taken from all participants. History, clinical examination, relevant imaging, cytology and histology findings of all the patients were recorded in electronic database. Results: Mean and median age of the cohort were 38.4 years and 35 years respectively. 18 of the 153 patients, had a positive family history for breast cancer which was statistically significant. 3.9% (6/153) patients were eventually diagnosed (cytopathology-1, FNAC-1, ductography-1 & microdochectomy-3) with in situ or invasive malignancies while being evaluated for nipple discharge. Breast ultrasound has sensitivity and specificity of 28.6% (5.1-69.7) & 99.3% (95.7-99.9) respectively at 95% CI in detecting risk lesions. Sensitivity of ductography in detecting risk lesions was 100% (95% CI: 5.4-100) with specificity value of 95.2% (95% CI: 85.8-98.8). Again, microdochectomy has been used as final diagnostic as well as therapeutic tools in the study. Conclusion: Ductography is a noninvasive imaging modality whereas microdochectomy, although invasive, helps reach a definitive tissue diagnosis. Ductography and microdochectomy together can serve as indispensable diagnostic tools alongside the conventional radiological and histological tools. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 263-269
{"title":"Ductography and Microdochectomy: the Diagnostic Procedure of Choice Alongside the Conventional Tools for Nipple discharge","authors":"R. Awwal, Ahmad Seraji, Md Redwan Ahsanullah, S. Rupa, S. Akhter, R. Joarder","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61887","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nipple discharge is the presenting complaint in 3-10% of all women with breast-related complaints. It causes considerable anxiety in the modern cancer-conscious woman. Breast surgeons frequently use various tools for diagnosing the underlying cause of nipple discharge. A definitive diagnostic approach is crucial for an accurate diagnosis of the aetiology and exclusion of any malignant breast lesion. The objective of this study was to evaluate diagnostic performances of ductography and microdochectomy and compare these with other conventional diagnostic tools.\u0000Methods: This retrospective study included 153 female patients presenting with significant nipple discharge to “Breast Care Center” from December 2011 to December 2018. Informed consent was taken from all participants. History, clinical examination, relevant imaging, cytology and histology findings of all the patients were recorded in electronic database.\u0000Results: Mean and median age of the cohort were 38.4 years and 35 years respectively. 18 of the 153 patients, had a positive family history for breast cancer which was statistically significant. 3.9% (6/153) patients were eventually diagnosed (cytopathology-1, FNAC-1, ductography-1 & microdochectomy-3) with in situ or invasive malignancies while being evaluated for nipple discharge. Breast ultrasound has sensitivity and specificity of 28.6% (5.1-69.7) & 99.3% (95.7-99.9) respectively at 95% CI in detecting risk lesions. Sensitivity of ductography in detecting risk lesions was 100% (95% CI: 5.4-100) with specificity value of 95.2% (95% CI: 85.8-98.8). Again, microdochectomy has been used as final diagnostic as well as therapeutic tools in the study.\u0000Conclusion: Ductography is a noninvasive imaging modality whereas microdochectomy, although invasive, helps reach a definitive tissue diagnosis. Ductography and microdochectomy together can serve as indispensable diagnostic tools alongside the conventional radiological and histological tools.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 263-269","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41692320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61883
G. Acherjya, M. Ali, K. Tarafder, Shuprio Paul, Sharmin Sultana Mou, Subrata Prokash Kar, Debasish Dutta, M. Sarker, A. Sultana, G. C. Roy, A. Kabir
Introduction: The whole world has been crippled by COVID- 19 for a long period of time and a lot of its issues still remain unknown. The study was designed to assess the distribution of ABO blood group system, presentation, comorbidities, disease severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients in Jashore, Bangladesh. Methods: This retrospective type of observational study recruited 928 RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients above 18 years living in the district of Jashore, Bangladesh. Results: Mean age of the study population was 41.55±13.59 years including a significant age difference (p: <0.001) in disease severity and insignificant gender difference were observed (p: 0.291). Fever was frequently presenting symptoms (83.1%) in our study associated with cough 47.1%, fatigue 39.2%, myalgia 38.0%, distaste 35.3%, anosmia or hyposmia 33.3%. Diabetes (p: <0.001), hypertension (p: <0.001), chronic respiratory illness (p: <0.001), coronary artery diseases (p: 0.003) and malignancy (p: 0.003) played as potential risk factors for developing COVID-19 severity. Out of the total study patients, 36.9%, 29.1%, 22.5 and 11.5% COVID- 19 patients came from blood B, O, A an AB respectively. On the other hand 95.5% COVID-19 patients were Rhesus positive. However, we did not found any significant association between disease severity and different ABO and Rh blood group (p: 0.379 and p: 0.092 respectively). A 97.6% of our patients had significantly (p: <0.001) been recovered from COVID-19 where most of the patients (81.1%) were managed at home. Though, 2% and 1.9% of our patients developed severe pneumonia and critically ill COVID-19, we had noticed significantly low mortality rate (1.4%, p: <0.001) in this current study. Conclusion: In this recent study, blood group B constituted the highest number of the COVID-19 patients. Fever, cough and fatigue were the most common presenting feature of COVID-19 patients. Preexistent diabetes, hypertension, chronic respiratory diseases, coronary artery diseases and malignancy played as significant potential risk factors of diease severity of COVID-19. A majority of the patients were significantly managed at home. A minimum portion of the COVID-19 patients developed severe pneumonia and critical illness; and a significant low case fatality occurred in our study. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 246-252
{"title":"Distribution of ABO Blood Group System, Presentations, Comorbidities, Disease Severity and Outcome of COVID- 19 Patients in Jashore, Bangladesh","authors":"G. Acherjya, M. Ali, K. Tarafder, Shuprio Paul, Sharmin Sultana Mou, Subrata Prokash Kar, Debasish Dutta, M. Sarker, A. Sultana, G. C. Roy, A. Kabir","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61883","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The whole world has been crippled by COVID- 19 for a long period of time and a lot of its issues still remain unknown. The study was designed to assess the distribution of ABO blood group system, presentation, comorbidities, disease severity and outcome of COVID-19 patients in Jashore, Bangladesh.\u0000Methods: This retrospective type of observational study recruited 928 RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients above 18 years living in the district of Jashore, Bangladesh.\u0000Results: Mean age of the study population was 41.55±13.59 years including a significant age difference (p: <0.001) in disease severity and insignificant gender difference were observed (p: 0.291). Fever was frequently presenting symptoms (83.1%) in our study associated with cough 47.1%, fatigue 39.2%, myalgia 38.0%, distaste 35.3%, anosmia or hyposmia 33.3%. Diabetes (p: <0.001), hypertension (p: <0.001), chronic respiratory illness (p: <0.001), coronary artery diseases (p: 0.003) and malignancy (p: 0.003) played as potential risk factors for developing COVID-19 severity. Out of the total study patients, 36.9%, 29.1%, 22.5 and 11.5% COVID- 19 patients came from blood B, O, A an AB respectively. On the other hand 95.5% COVID-19 patients were Rhesus positive. However, we did not found any significant association between disease severity and different ABO and Rh blood group (p: 0.379 and p: 0.092 respectively). A 97.6% of our patients had significantly (p: <0.001) been recovered from COVID-19 where most of the patients (81.1%) were managed at home. Though, 2% and 1.9% of our patients developed severe pneumonia and critically ill COVID-19, we had noticed significantly low mortality rate (1.4%, p: <0.001) in this current study.\u0000Conclusion: In this recent study, blood group B constituted the highest number of the COVID-19 patients. Fever, cough and fatigue were the most common presenting feature of COVID-19 patients. Preexistent diabetes, hypertension, chronic respiratory diseases, coronary artery diseases and malignancy played as significant potential risk factors of diease severity of COVID-19. A majority of the patients were significantly managed at home. A minimum portion of the COVID-19 patients developed severe pneumonia and critical illness; and a significant low case fatality occurred in our study.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 246-252","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43010842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61893
Sm Anwar Sadat, N. J. Nishi, Md Jahidul Islam Palash, S. N. Rita
Fear is expressed as an unpleasant emotion caused by threat of danger, pain and harm. Anxiety is an emotional state of a person such as doubt, mental-conflict, and disappointment. Phobia is persistent, unrealistic and intense fear of a specific stimulus, leading to absolute avoidance of the perceived danger. Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), and Dental Fear Survey (DFS) are the tools to assess fear and anxiety. Dental fear and anxiety can be managed by change in dental set up and office environment, improving communication skill of practitioner and trust building among patients. Other approaches like behaviour-management techniques e.g., technique of relaxation, attention distraction, hypnotherapy, positive reinforcement, systematic desensitization and pharmacological management e.g., general anaesthesia and conscious sedation are also used to prevent and treat dental fear and anxiety in dental practice. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 292-298
{"title":"Fear and anxiety in Dental Practice: A Review","authors":"Sm Anwar Sadat, N. J. Nishi, Md Jahidul Islam Palash, S. N. Rita","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61893","url":null,"abstract":"Fear is expressed as an unpleasant emotion caused by threat of danger, pain and harm. Anxiety is an emotional state of a person such as doubt, mental-conflict, and disappointment. Phobia is persistent, unrealistic and intense fear of a specific stimulus, leading to absolute avoidance of the perceived danger. Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), and Dental Fear Survey (DFS) are the tools to assess fear and anxiety. Dental fear and anxiety can be managed by change in dental set up and office environment, improving communication skill of practitioner and trust building among patients. Other approaches like behaviour-management techniques e.g., technique of relaxation, attention distraction, hypnotherapy, positive reinforcement, systematic desensitization and pharmacological management e.g., general anaesthesia and conscious sedation are also used to prevent and treat dental fear and anxiety in dental practice.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 292-298","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49649872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61875
Md. Rokon Uddin
Abstract not available J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 216
[j]孟加拉大学物理外科杂志，2022;40岁:216
{"title":"Assessment of Quality of Sexual Life in Male Patients with Psoriasis","authors":"Md. Rokon Uddin","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61875","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 216","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43780852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61885
R. Parvin, S. Afroze, Sultana Amena Ferdoucy, Khadija Rahman, A. Bashar, Razia Sultana
Introduction: Late-onset neonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes of neonatal deaths in hospital as well as community in developing country like Bangladesh. It can present asmeningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis. Various risk factors play important role in its causation. In this study our main goal was to evaluate the risk factors of late onset neonatal sepsis in SCANU (Special Care Newborn Unit) of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the SCANU of Dr. M.R. Khan Shishu Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Mirpur-2, Dhaka for 6 months. A total of 59 neonates with late onset sepsis in SCANU were included during the study period. Results: The socio-demographic status of the neonates with late onset sepsis shows that, most of the neonates (44.1%) were between 24 to 28 days. Also, 54.24% patients were male and 57.6% patients belong to middle economic status group. In the study, 79.7% had Cough with respiratory distress followed by 23.7% had cough only, 6.8% had fever, 52.5% had vomiting, abdominal distension, and 8.5% patients had Jaundice. Only 1.7% patients used bottles for feeding. Among neonates, the highest (49.15%) came with the risk factor of poor hygiene. The Majority (95%) of low-birthweight neonates had patchy opacity resembling pneumonia in chest x-ray. Conclusion: Poor hygiene is a high-risk factor for neonates with late onset sepsis. Bottle feeding had comparatively higher risk in developing late onset sepsis than formula feeding with spoon. Poor cord care is another risk factor. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 257-262
{"title":"Risk factors of late-onset Neonatal Sepsis in Special Care Neonatal Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"R. Parvin, S. Afroze, Sultana Amena Ferdoucy, Khadija Rahman, A. Bashar, Razia Sultana","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61885","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Late-onset neonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes of neonatal deaths in hospital as well as community in developing country like Bangladesh. It can present asmeningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis. Various risk factors play important role in its causation. In this study our main goal was to evaluate the risk factors of late onset neonatal sepsis in SCANU (Special Care Newborn Unit) of a tertiary care hospital.\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the SCANU of Dr. M.R. Khan Shishu Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Mirpur-2, Dhaka for 6 months. A total of 59 neonates with late onset sepsis in SCANU were included during the study period.\u0000Results: The socio-demographic status of the neonates with late onset sepsis shows that, most of the neonates (44.1%) were between 24 to 28 days. Also, 54.24% patients were male and 57.6% patients belong to middle economic status group. In the study, 79.7% had Cough with respiratory distress followed by 23.7% had cough only, 6.8% had fever, 52.5% had vomiting, abdominal distension, and 8.5% patients had Jaundice. Only 1.7% patients used bottles for feeding. Among neonates, the highest (49.15%) came with the risk factor of poor hygiene. The Majority (95%) of low-birthweight neonates had patchy opacity resembling pneumonia in chest x-ray.\u0000Conclusion: Poor hygiene is a high-risk factor for neonates with late onset sepsis. Bottle feeding had comparatively higher risk in developing late onset sepsis than formula feeding with spoon. Poor cord care is another risk factor.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 257-262","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46319943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.60298
S. Giti, Mohammed Nuruzzaman Bhuiyan, Mohammad Shameem Muntasir Hossen, M. Rahman, Nadia Afroj
Introduction: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed great threat to human health. T cells play a critical role in antiviral immunity but their numbers and functional state in COVID-19 patients remain largely unclear. The present study was carried out at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka to assess the degree of cytopenia of T cell subsets in COVID 19 and its association with severity of the disease. The aim of this study is to assess the degree of reduction of T cell subsets in both non severe and severe COVID 19 patients. Methods: Total 100 patients having positive result of RTPCR for SARS-CoV-2 and lymphopenia were recruited for this study. Patients were grouped as ICU and non- ICU according to the severity of clinical conditions, consisting of 50 patients in each group. Data of T cell subsets were obtained by flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood using monoclonal antibodies. Results: In this study, the absolute value of CD3+ T cells was below the normal range in 47 (94%) ICU patients. Compared to the non-ICU group, the median absolute value of CD3+ T cells was significantly lowered (P=0.019) in the ICU group. The absolute value of CD4+ T cells was also below the normal range in 91patients (91%). All the patients in the ICU group showed low CD4+ T cell counts. Moreover, a significantly lower median absolute value of CD4+ T cells was observed in the ICU group compared to the non-ICU group (P = 0.004). The absolute value of CD8+ T cells was below the normal range in 64 patients (64%). Similar to CD4+ T cells, compared to the non-ICU group, the median absolute value of CD8+ T cells was significantly lower in the ICU group (P = 0.028). Conclusion: Significant reduction of T cell subsets occurs in severe COVID-19. Flow cytometric analysis of T cell subsets in COVID 19 patients with absolute lymphopenia can guide the physician to predict the severe outcome of the disease. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 217-222
{"title":"Cytopenia in T Cell Subsets: A Predictor of Severe COVID-19","authors":"S. Giti, Mohammed Nuruzzaman Bhuiyan, Mohammad Shameem Muntasir Hossen, M. Rahman, Nadia Afroj","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.60298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.60298","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed great threat to human health. T cells play a critical role in antiviral immunity but their numbers and functional state in COVID-19 patients remain largely unclear. The present study was carried out at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka to assess the degree of cytopenia of T cell subsets in COVID 19 and its association with severity of the disease. The aim of this study is to assess the degree of reduction of T cell subsets in both non severe and severe COVID 19 patients.\u0000Methods: Total 100 patients having positive result of RTPCR for SARS-CoV-2 and lymphopenia were recruited for this study. Patients were grouped as ICU and non- ICU according to the severity of clinical conditions, consisting of 50 patients in each group. Data of T cell subsets were obtained by flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood using monoclonal antibodies.\u0000Results: In this study, the absolute value of CD3+ T cells was below the normal range in 47 (94%) ICU patients. Compared to the non-ICU group, the median absolute value of CD3+ T cells was significantly lowered (P=0.019) in the ICU group. The absolute value of CD4+ T cells was also below the normal range in 91patients (91%). All the patients in the ICU group showed low CD4+ T cell counts. Moreover, a significantly lower median absolute value of CD4+ T cells was observed in the ICU group compared to the non-ICU group (P = 0.004). The absolute value of CD8+ T cells was below the normal range in 64 patients (64%). Similar to CD4+ T cells, compared to the non-ICU group, the median absolute value of CD8+ T cells was significantly lower in the ICU group (P = 0.028).\u0000Conclusion: Significant reduction of T cell subsets occurs in severe COVID-19. Flow cytometric analysis of T cell subsets in COVID 19 patients with absolute lymphopenia can guide the physician to predict the severe outcome of the disease.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 217-222","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49520815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61897
G. Kundu, R. Islam, Noor A Saba
Vanishing white matter (VWM) disease is a chronic progressive childhood onset leukodystrophy that result in central nervous system demyelination, often precipitated by some stressful events. There is wide phenotypic variation buy typical MRI findings are diagnostic in most of the patients. Here we report two cases of vanishing white matter disease with typical MRI findings. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 314-317
{"title":"Vanishing White Matter Disease- Report of two Cases","authors":"G. Kundu, R. Islam, Noor A Saba","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61897","url":null,"abstract":"Vanishing white matter (VWM) disease is a chronic progressive childhood onset leukodystrophy that result in central nervous system demyelination, often precipitated by some stressful events. There is wide phenotypic variation buy typical MRI findings are diagnostic in most of the patients. Here we report two cases of vanishing white matter disease with typical MRI findings.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 314-317","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49373712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-16DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61892
Md. Ismail Patwary, K. Talha, Moona Farzana Razzaque, Ferdousi Jannat Liza, A. Istiaque
Cardio metabolic syndrome (CMS) is a combination of metabolic dysfunctions characterized by insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and central obesity. CMS is recognized as a disease entity by the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Society of Endocrinology. CMS represents a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases These cardiovascular and metabolic derangements individually and interdependently lead to increases in cerebrovascular disease(CVD) morbidity and mortality, making the CMS an established and strong risk factor for premature CVD. Data found that the prevalence of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is increasing in all age groups, both in men and women from the latest National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES).Alteration in fatty acid metabolism, such as excessive fatty acid release in the plasma is likely to contribute to these metabolic abnormalities. There is an established and proven benefits in reversing abnormal responses and decreasing cardiovascular risks by the treatment strategies including moderate physical activity, weight reduction, rigorous blood pressure control, correction of dyslipidemia and glycaemic control. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 287-291
{"title":"Cardiometabolic Syndrome : An Emerging Global Health Issue","authors":"Md. Ismail Patwary, K. Talha, Moona Farzana Razzaque, Ferdousi Jannat Liza, A. Istiaque","doi":"10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v40i4.61892","url":null,"abstract":"Cardio metabolic syndrome (CMS) is a combination of metabolic dysfunctions characterized by insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and central obesity. CMS is recognized as a disease entity by the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Society of Endocrinology. CMS represents a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases These cardiovascular and metabolic derangements individually and interdependently lead to increases in cerebrovascular disease(CVD) morbidity and mortality, making the CMS an established and strong risk factor for premature CVD. Data found that the prevalence of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is increasing in all age groups, both in men and women from the latest National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES).Alteration in fatty acid metabolism, such as excessive fatty acid release in the plasma is likely to contribute to these metabolic abnormalities. There is an established and proven benefits in reversing abnormal responses and decreasing cardiovascular risks by the treatment strategies including moderate physical activity, weight reduction, rigorous blood pressure control, correction of dyslipidemia and glycaemic control.\u0000J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 287-291","PeriodicalId":89579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49398704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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