Pub Date : 2023-11-01Epub Date: 2023-10-31DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2271397
Hayfaa A Alshamar, Richard W Dapson
Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria) is a plant native to and cultivated in parts of Europe, Asia and the Middle East. It has been used for thousands of years as a medicinal agent and as a colorant for textiles, food and cosmetics. An extract from the root of this plant has been used with a mordant to stain nuclei. We describe here the versatility of different extracts from this plant to stain lipids red and to counterstain certain other tissue elements blue. The color variation and selective differential staining is due to solvent polarity and pH. Extracts contain numerous chemical species, all of which are derivatives of the indicator dye, naphthazurin. Our red extract is nonionic below pH 7 and partitions from its somewhat polar solvent of 100% isopropanol to nonpolar lipids. The blue extract is dianionic at high pH in 70% isopropanol and binds ionically to cationic tissue structures such as collagen, muscle and cytoplasm of other cells.
{"title":"Using extract from alkanet <i>(Alkanna tinctoria)</i> as a source of both a red lipid stain and a blue counterstain for histology.","authors":"Hayfaa A Alshamar, Richard W Dapson","doi":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2271397","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2271397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alkanet (<i>Alkanna tinctoria</i>) is a plant native to and cultivated in parts of Europe, Asia and the Middle East. It has been used for thousands of years as a medicinal agent and as a colorant for textiles, food and cosmetics. An extract from the root of this plant has been used with a mordant to stain nuclei. We describe here the versatility of different extracts from this plant to stain lipids red and to counterstain certain other tissue elements blue. The color variation and selective differential staining is due to solvent polarity and pH. Extracts contain numerous chemical species, all of which are derivatives of the indicator dye, naphthazurin. Our red extract is nonionic below pH 7 and partitions from its somewhat polar solvent of 100% isopropanol to nonpolar lipids. The blue extract is dianionic at high pH in 70% isopropanol and binds ionically to cationic tissue structures such as collagen, muscle and cytoplasm of other cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":8970,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnic & Histochemistry","volume":"98 8","pages":"554-560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71410410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01Epub Date: 2023-10-31DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2260307
Anne Mones, Sheila Criswell
The endocrine component of the pancreas is located primarily in the islets of Langerhans, but is also found as single cells among the acinar cells and duct epithelium. It currently is thought that endocrine tumors of the pancreas (PETs) arise from pluripotent stem cells located within the ductal epithelium rather than from existing endocrine cells. Islet cell components include alpha, beta, PP, delta and epsilon cells, which secrete glucagon, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, somatostatin and ghrelin, respectively. We investigated immunohistochemical labeling of 24 formalin fixed paraffin embedded PETs to identify which hormones were produced most frequently. Glucagon was the most frequently secreted hormone (83%) in PETS followed by insulin, ghrelin, pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin.
{"title":"Immunohistochemical evaluation of hormones secreted by pancreatic endocrine tumors.","authors":"Anne Mones, Sheila Criswell","doi":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2260307","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2260307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The endocrine component of the pancreas is located primarily in the islets of Langerhans, but is also found as single cells among the acinar cells and duct epithelium. It currently is thought that endocrine tumors of the pancreas (PETs) arise from pluripotent stem cells located within the ductal epithelium rather than from existing endocrine cells. Islet cell components include alpha, beta, PP, delta and epsilon cells, which secrete glucagon, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, somatostatin and ghrelin, respectively. We investigated immunohistochemical labeling of 24 formalin fixed paraffin embedded PETs to identify which hormones were produced most frequently. Glucagon was the most frequently secreted hormone (83%) in PETS followed by insulin, ghrelin, pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin.</p>","PeriodicalId":8970,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnic & Histochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"578-583"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41098772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2205205
Richard Dapson
I met Chuck Willis in the 1980’s at one of the annual meetings of the Biological Stain Commission. I had known about the Commission’s activities with dyes for years and had always sought out Commissioncertified products for my teaching and research activities. What I did not realize, however, was the amount of work involved behind those little certification labels. At our formal dinner that year, I had the good fortune to sit close to Chuck and ply him with questions. He described some of the tests, and as my curiosity grew, he described the record-keeping aspects. He gave many details, but characteristically omitted something very important: he was the one who did so much of the work. Decades later, as I was reviewing certification procedures for possible revision, I obtained copies of pertinent paperwork. There in Chuck’s handwriting were not only the “facts,” but annotations that revealed just how perceptive he was. It became obvious to me that his dedication to detail truly enhanced the value of the BSC Lab’s archives. Each time we met in Rochester, NY, we made time to simply sit and get to know one another better. Frequently his wife, Lorraine, and my wife, Janet, joined in. We learned about Chuck’s dedication to youth and how he coached them for many years in the art and skill of camping. He obviously derived a great personal satisfaction in helping those boys. His stories shed a bright light upon this man whom I had known previously only as a meticulous record keeper and lab worker. On behalf of the Biological Stain Commission, I thank you, Chuck Willis, for being so instrumental in building our organization.
{"title":"Tribute to Chuck Willis.","authors":"Richard Dapson","doi":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2205205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2023.2205205","url":null,"abstract":"I met Chuck Willis in the 1980’s at one of the annual meetings of the Biological Stain Commission. I had known about the Commission’s activities with dyes for years and had always sought out Commissioncertified products for my teaching and research activities. What I did not realize, however, was the amount of work involved behind those little certification labels. At our formal dinner that year, I had the good fortune to sit close to Chuck and ply him with questions. He described some of the tests, and as my curiosity grew, he described the record-keeping aspects. He gave many details, but characteristically omitted something very important: he was the one who did so much of the work. Decades later, as I was reviewing certification procedures for possible revision, I obtained copies of pertinent paperwork. There in Chuck’s handwriting were not only the “facts,” but annotations that revealed just how perceptive he was. It became obvious to me that his dedication to detail truly enhanced the value of the BSC Lab’s archives. Each time we met in Rochester, NY, we made time to simply sit and get to know one another better. Frequently his wife, Lorraine, and my wife, Janet, joined in. We learned about Chuck’s dedication to youth and how he coached them for many years in the art and skill of camping. He obviously derived a great personal satisfaction in helping those boys. His stories shed a bright light upon this man whom I had known previously only as a meticulous record keeper and lab worker. On behalf of the Biological Stain Commission, I thank you, Chuck Willis, for being so instrumental in building our organization.","PeriodicalId":8970,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnic & Histochemistry","volume":"98 4","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9447222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2176923
Mustafa Cellat, İbrahim Ozan Tekeli, Erdinç Türk, Tuba Aydin, Ahmet Uyar, Cafer Tayer İşler, İshak Gökçek, Muhammed Etyemez, Mehmet Güvenç
Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress contribute to the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC). Inula viscosa is a plant with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the effect of an ethanolic extract of I. viscosa on an experimental UC model created using acetic acid. Rats were divided into four groups of eight: group 1, control; group 2, 3% acetic acid group; group 3, 100 mg/kg sulfasalazine + 3% acetic acid group; group 4, 400 mg/kg I. viscosa + 3% acetic acid. I. viscosa and sulfasalazine were administered by oral gavage and 3% acetic acid was administered per rectum. We found that I. viscosa treatment decreased colon malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1 beta and nuclear factor kappa B levels; it increased reduced glutathione, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1 and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 levels and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity. Group 1 colon exhibited normal histological structure. Slight inflammatory cell infiltration and edema and insignificant slight erosion in crypts were detected in colon tissues of group 4. We found that I. viscosa reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, which was protective against UC by inducing the Nrf-2/Keap-1/HO-1 pathway in the colon.
{"title":"<i>Inula viscosa</i> ameliorates acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in rats.","authors":"Mustafa Cellat, İbrahim Ozan Tekeli, Erdinç Türk, Tuba Aydin, Ahmet Uyar, Cafer Tayer İşler, İshak Gökçek, Muhammed Etyemez, Mehmet Güvenç","doi":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2176923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2023.2176923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress contribute to the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC). <i>Inula viscosa</i> is a plant with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the effect of an ethanolic extract of <i>I. viscosa</i> on an experimental UC model created using acetic acid. Rats were divided into four groups of eight: group 1, control; group 2, 3% acetic acid group; group 3, 100 mg/kg sulfasalazine + 3% acetic acid group; group 4, 400 mg/kg <i>I. viscosa</i> + 3% acetic acid. <i>I. viscosa</i> and sulfasalazine were administered by oral gavage and 3% acetic acid was administered per rectum. We found that <i>I. viscosa</i> treatment decreased colon malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1 beta and nuclear factor kappa B levels; it increased reduced glutathione, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1 and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 levels and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity. Group 1 colon exhibited normal histological structure. Slight inflammatory cell infiltration and edema and insignificant slight erosion in crypts were detected in colon tissues of group 4. We found that <i>I. viscosa</i> reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, which was protective against UC by inducing the Nrf-2/Keap-1/HO-1 pathway in the colon.</p>","PeriodicalId":8970,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnic & Histochemistry","volume":"98 4","pages":"255-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9446637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acrylamide is used for industrial and laboratory purposes; it also is produced during cooking of carbohydrate-rich food at high temperature. We investigated the therapeutic potential of quercetin for treatment of acute acrylamide induced injury to the spleen. We used female albino rats treated with acrylamide for 10 days followed by oral administration of quercetin in three doses for 5 days. We observed significantly reduced total body weight, spleen weight, red blood cells, total proteins, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phophate dehydrogenase, reduced glutathione, concentration of serum IgG and IgM after acrylamide induced toxicity compared to controls. We also found that white blood cells, triglycerides, cholesterol and lipid oxidation were increased significantly after acrylamide induced toxicity in rats compared to controls. Histoarchitecture of spleen was affected adversely by acrylamide toxicity. Administration of quercetin ameliorated adverse effects of acrylamide in a dose-dependent manner. Quercetin appears to ameliorate acrylamide induced injury to the spleen by increasing endogenous antioxidants and improving histoarchitecture and immune function.
{"title":"Quercetin ameliorates acute acrylamide induced spleen injury.","authors":"Piyush Shukla, Naresh Kumar Sahu, Raj Kumar, Deep Kaur Dhalla, Samrat Rakshit, Monika Bhadauria, Narottam Das Agrawal, Sadhana Shrivastava, Sangeeta Shukla, Satendra Kumar Nirala","doi":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2172610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2023.2172610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acrylamide is used for industrial and laboratory purposes; it also is produced during cooking of carbohydrate-rich food at high temperature. We investigated the therapeutic potential of quercetin for treatment of acute acrylamide induced injury to the spleen. We used female albino rats treated with acrylamide for 10 days followed by oral administration of quercetin in three doses for 5 days. We observed significantly reduced total body weight, spleen weight, red blood cells, total proteins, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phophate dehydrogenase, reduced glutathione, concentration of serum IgG and IgM after acrylamide induced toxicity compared to controls. We also found that white blood cells, triglycerides, cholesterol and lipid oxidation were increased significantly after acrylamide induced toxicity in rats compared to controls. Histoarchitecture of spleen was affected adversely by acrylamide toxicity. Administration of quercetin ameliorated adverse effects of acrylamide in a dose-dependent manner. Quercetin appears to ameliorate acrylamide induced injury to the spleen by increasing endogenous antioxidants and improving histoarchitecture and immune function.</p>","PeriodicalId":8970,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnic & Histochemistry","volume":"98 4","pages":"221-229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9642001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2176546
Adem Yavuz, Mustafa Ata Aydin, Kader Ugur, Suna Aydin, Arzu Senol, Yakup Baykus, Rulin Deniz, İbrahim Sahin, Mehmet Hanifi Yalcin, Berrin Tarakci Gencer, Yaprak Kandemir Deniz, Sefer Ustebay, Zuhal Karaca Karagoz, Elif Emre, Suleyman Aydin
We investigated the presence of asprosin (ASP), betatrophin, elabela (ELA), glucagon and subfatin (SUB) in the milk of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and compared their levels with blood levels. We also investigated whether these peptides are synthesized by the breast. We investigated 12 volunteer mothers with GDM and 14 pregnant non-GDM control mothers. The peptides were measured using ELISA and their tissue localization was determined using immunohistochemistry. Breast milk contains ASP, betatrophin, ELA, glucagon and SUB. The amount of the peptides ranged from highest to the lowest in colostrum, transitional milk and mature milk. The amount of peptides in the milk was greater than for blood. The peptides, except for ELA, were increased in milk and blood by GDM. Betatrophin and ELA are synthesized in the connective tissue of the breast. ASP, glucagon and SUB are synthesized in the alveolar tissue of the breast. These peptides in breast milk may contribute to the development of the gastrointestinal tract of newborns and infants.
{"title":"Betatrophin, elabela, asprosin, glucagon and subfatin peptides in breast tissue, blood and milk in gestational diabetes.","authors":"Adem Yavuz, Mustafa Ata Aydin, Kader Ugur, Suna Aydin, Arzu Senol, Yakup Baykus, Rulin Deniz, İbrahim Sahin, Mehmet Hanifi Yalcin, Berrin Tarakci Gencer, Yaprak Kandemir Deniz, Sefer Ustebay, Zuhal Karaca Karagoz, Elif Emre, Suleyman Aydin","doi":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2176546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2023.2176546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the presence of asprosin (ASP), betatrophin, elabela (ELA), glucagon and subfatin (SUB) in the milk of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and compared their levels with blood levels. We also investigated whether these peptides are synthesized by the breast. We investigated 12 volunteer mothers with GDM and 14 pregnant non-GDM control mothers. The peptides were measured using ELISA and their tissue localization was determined using immunohistochemistry. Breast milk contains ASP, betatrophin, ELA, glucagon and SUB. The amount of the peptides ranged from highest to the lowest in colostrum, transitional milk and mature milk. The amount of peptides in the milk was greater than for blood. The peptides, except for ELA, were increased in milk and blood by GDM. Betatrophin and ELA are synthesized in the connective tissue of the breast. ASP, glucagon and SUB are synthesized in the alveolar tissue of the breast. These peptides in breast milk may contribute to the development of the gastrointestinal tract of newborns and infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":8970,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnic & Histochemistry","volume":"98 4","pages":"243-254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10057698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2174273
Fa-Bo Chen, Yun-Chao Feng, Shi-Ping Huo
Soil and foliar application are the most widely used methods for adding micronutrients to maize. High quality micronutrient fertilizers, however, are difficult to obtain in developing countries; micronutrient seed coatings are an attractive and practical alternative. We applied this approach to maize (Zea mays L.) to demonstrate the effects of boron (B), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn) sulfates on maize germination, vigor, seedling growth, seed yield and seed quality as well as on seed microelement concentration. Seed coating was tested on three representative Chinese soil types (sandy, purple and lime soils). Compared to untreated controls, coating maize seeds with micronutrients significantly increased the seed emergence rate, seedling height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, main root length, root number, above ground fresh biomass, above ground dry biomass, underground fresh biomass, underground dry biomass, ear thickness and yield in sandy, purple and lime soils. Coating maize seeds with micronutrients also significantly increased the yield and quality of maize seed compared to untreated controls including ear barren tip, ear length, ear thickness, grains/row, hundred seed weigh, and rows/ear. Also, B, Zn, Fe, Mn and Mo microelements accumulated in maize seed after coating the seed with micronutrients. Our findings indicate that micronutrient seed coating may improve nutrient uptake and production of maize hybrids.
{"title":"Seed coating with micronutrients improves germination, growth, yield and microelement nutrients of maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.).","authors":"Fa-Bo Chen, Yun-Chao Feng, Shi-Ping Huo","doi":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2174273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2023.2174273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil and foliar application are the most widely used methods for adding micronutrients to maize. High quality micronutrient fertilizers, however, are difficult to obtain in developing countries; micronutrient seed coatings are an attractive and practical alternative. We applied this approach to maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) to demonstrate the effects of boron (B), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn) sulfates on maize germination, vigor, seedling growth, seed yield and seed quality as well as on seed microelement concentration. Seed coating was tested on three representative Chinese soil types (sandy, purple and lime soils). Compared to untreated controls, coating maize seeds with micronutrients significantly increased the seed emergence rate, seedling height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, main root length, root number, above ground fresh biomass, above ground dry biomass, underground fresh biomass, underground dry biomass, ear thickness and yield in sandy, purple and lime soils. Coating maize seeds with micronutrients also significantly increased the yield and quality of maize seed compared to untreated controls including ear barren tip, ear length, ear thickness, grains/row, hundred seed weigh, and rows/ear. Also, B, Zn, Fe, Mn and Mo microelements accumulated in maize seed after coating the seed with micronutrients. Our findings indicate that micronutrient seed coating may improve nutrient uptake and production of maize hybrids.</p>","PeriodicalId":8970,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnic & Histochemistry","volume":"98 4","pages":"230-242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9446639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2182452
Ana L Pereira, Francisco Carrapiço
The cyanophycin content of the heterocystous nitrogen-fixing symbiotic cyanobacterium, Anabaena azollae, which inhabits an ovoid cavity in the dorsal leaf lobes of the fern, Azolla filiculoides, is seldom analyzed. To study the cyanophycin content in vegetative cells and heterocysts of A. azollae, we used three fluorochromes: aluminum trichloride, lead citrate and Wilson citroboric solution and Coomassie brilliant blue. Blue and yellow fluorescence were emitted from the polar nodes and cytoplasm cyanophycin granules of the heterocysts when stained with the three fluorochromes. The cyanophycin observed without staining or with Coomassie brilliant blue staining did not alter the results obtained using the fluorochromes. We found that aluminum trichloride, lead acetate and Wilson citroboric solution could be used to detect cyanophycin.
{"title":"A fluorescence method to detect cyanophycin in the symbiotic cyanobacterium, <i>Anabaena azollae</i>.","authors":"Ana L Pereira, Francisco Carrapiço","doi":"10.1080/10520295.2023.2182452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2023.2182452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cyanophycin content of the heterocystous nitrogen-fixing symbiotic cyanobacterium, <i>Anabaena azollae</i>, which inhabits an ovoid cavity in the dorsal leaf lobes of the fern, <i>Azolla filiculoides</i>, is seldom analyzed. To study the cyanophycin content in vegetative cells and heterocysts of <i>A. azollae</i>, we used three fluorochromes: aluminum trichloride, lead citrate and Wilson citroboric solution and Coomassie brilliant blue. Blue and yellow fluorescence were emitted from the polar nodes and cytoplasm cyanophycin granules of the heterocysts when stained with the three fluorochromes. The cyanophycin observed without staining or with Coomassie brilliant blue staining did not alter the results obtained using the fluorochromes. We found that aluminum trichloride, lead acetate and Wilson citroboric solution could be used to detect cyanophycin.</p>","PeriodicalId":8970,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnic & Histochemistry","volume":"98 4","pages":"291-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9814951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}