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Forensic Social Work in the Slovak Republic 斯洛伐克共和国的法医社会工作
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.2.18-29
Miriama Boriščáková, Beáta Balogová
The paper identifies the basic areas of forensic social work in the Slovak Republic. It defines the theoretical basis of forensic social work, its synonymous alternatives, and it describes actual performance in the social work practice. The aim of the paper is to report on the implemented research using an integrated research strategy in social and legal protection of children and social curatorship in the Slovak Republic. The research has identified this area as one of the most demanding in the Slovak environment through evaluating the social interventions used by forensic social workers in the forensic practice. The qualitative research focused on the identifying of other problem areas that actually happen in practice and on discovering a forensic social worker’s possibilities and needs in Slovak social work. The results of the research indicated highly rated effectiveness of social interventions in the studied area, as well as an in-depth insight into the changes proposed by social workers.
本文确定了斯洛伐克共和国法医社会工作的基本领域。它定义了司法社会工作的理论基础,其同义替代品,并描述了在社会工作实践中的实际表现。本文的目的是报告在斯洛伐克共和国使用综合研究战略对儿童的社会和法律保护以及社会策展进行的研究。该研究通过评估法医社会工作者在法医实践中使用的社会干预措施,确定了这一领域是斯洛伐克环境中要求最高的领域之一。定性研究的重点是确定在实践中实际发生的其他问题领域,并发现法医社会工作者在斯洛伐克社会工作中的可能性和需求。研究结果表明,社会干预在研究领域的有效性得到了高度评价,同时对社会工作者提出的变革也有了深入的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Letter From the Editor: Collaboration and Purpose 编辑来信:合作与目的
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.2.1-2
David McLeod
Letter from the Editor-in-Chief for Volume Seven: Issue Two.
第七卷第二期总编辑的来信。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of Social Work Values and Principles in Police Work 社会工作价值观与原则在警察工作中的整合
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.2.43-58
Dasha Rhodes, Taylor Geyton, Jam Ost
Persisting social inequities and injustices were spotlighted in the United States in 2020 after the murders of Breonna Taylor and George Floyd. A particular focus on the interactions of police officers and non-violent community members rallied a call to reallocate funds to social services better equipped to handle such situations, aptly named #defundthepolice. Many called for the need and placement of social workers in police agencies to curtail the negative interactions witnessed between police officers and communities of color, specifically with Black Americans. Across the nation, social workers are not always employed or readily available in police organizations. Therefore, instilling social work practices in police work can supplement the need for an alternate police response when resources are limited or nonexistent. This article examines the potential integration of social work values and principles as a complement to policing and delineates the identities and challenges of each profession through the lens of social identity theory. Suggestions are made to overcome the challenges by providing insight for future implications. The integration of the values and principles of social workers with the practices of police officers could promote a shift in policing toward restorative justice for community enrichment. These shifts could bring about resolution in the tumultuous relationship between communities of color and police departments across the United States and is worth consideration.
2020年,布雷欧娜·泰勒和乔治·弗洛伊德被谋杀后,美国持续存在的社会不平等和不公正问题凸显出来。特别关注警察与非暴力社区成员之间的互动,呼吁将资金重新分配给更有能力处理此类情况的社会服务机构,并将其恰当地命名为#解除警察武装#。许多人呼吁在警察机构中需要和安置社会工作者,以减少警察与有色人种社区,特别是与黑人社区之间的负面互动。在全国范围内,社会工作者并不总是在警察组织中被雇用或随时可用。因此,在警察工作中灌输社会工作实践可以补充在资源有限或不存在时对备用警察反应的需求。本文探讨了社会工作价值观和原则作为警务补充的潜在整合,并通过社会认同理论的视角描述了每个职业的身份和挑战。通过提供对未来影响的洞察,提出了克服挑战的建议。将社会工作者的价值观和原则与警察的做法结合起来,可以促进警务工作向社区富裕的恢复性司法转变。这些转变可能会解决美国各地有色人种社区和警察部门之间的动荡关系,值得考虑。
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引用次数: 0
Holistic Defense: Attorney Perception and Social Work Integration in the Courtroom 整体辩护:律师感知与法庭社会工作整合
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.2.75-107
David Smith, Kevin Borders, Steve Katsikas, Tina Maschi
The goal of this project is to survey attorney perceptions of social workers. This will lead to suggestions on how social workers can be more effectively integrated into the courtroom and legal system as well as to suggestions for further study. This goal reflects Person-In-Environment theory by highlighting the importance of attorneys needing to understand the contextual variables social workers can explain to the court, thereby explaining what social, political, and economic issues may have caused a client to be involved in crime in the first place. This goal also reflects Holistic Defense Theory by ensuring that clients legal and social needs are met by highlighting the need for both attorneys and social workers as part of the defense team. Lastly, this project may contribute to making justice in the courtroom reachable for traditionally disaffected people who can be made whole again by legal and social intervention.
这个项目的目的是调查律师对社会工作者的看法。这将对社会工作者如何更有效地融入法庭和法律系统提出建议,并提出进一步研究的建议。这一目标反映了人在环境理论,强调了律师需要理解社会工作者可以向法庭解释的上下文变量的重要性,从而解释了什么社会、政治和经济问题可能首先导致客户参与犯罪。这一目标也反映了整体辩护理论,通过强调律师和社会工作者作为辩护团队的一部分的需求,确保客户的法律和社会需求得到满足。最后,这个项目可能有助于使传统上心怀不满的人在法庭上获得正义,他们可以通过法律和社会干预再次成为完整的人。
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引用次数: 0
Embedding Social Work into a Police Department in the South 将社会工作纳入南方警察局
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.2.59-74
Kim Stauss, Mark Plassmeyer, Tim Shepard, Steven Greathouse, Patrick Hanby
In 2020, the Fayetteville Police Department (FPD), located in a small urban community in Arkansas, began efforts to develop alternative responses to crisis-related calls for service. The main motivation for this effort was the influx of calls related to crises involving substance use, mental health, and homelessness both before and during COVID-19, although the George Floyd protests during that summer also played a meaningful role. FPD collaborated with the University of Arkansas School of Social Work (UA) to develop an MSW internship within the department with the intent of ultimately creating a co-response program. It is crucial to determine a baseline of staff attitudes when developing a new program or implementing organizational change to assess any subsequent shifts over time. As such, this paper presents baseline data from a survey assessing attitudes among sworn and civilian staff at FPD toward incorporating a social worker into the department. Data from semi-structured interviews provide a deeper understanding of these attitudes along with insight into lessons learned during the implementation of the internship and the eventual Crisis Intervention Response Team (CIRT). Survey results indicated that overall, FPD staff were supportive but somewhat hesitant about the programmatic change, particularly regarding safety concerns when bringing unarmed civilians into the field. Themes from the interviews showed that although there was certainly doubt among FPD staff initially, the intentionally collaborative efforts made by FPD administrators and UA faculty to support organizational acceptance of the program produced early successes. By highlighting crucial aspects of the implementation process and the lessons learned along the way, the results from this study can guide future replication efforts in similarly situated localities.
2020年,位于阿肯色州一个小城市社区的费耶特维尔警察局(FPD)开始努力制定应对危机相关服务呼吁的替代方案。这一努力的主要动机是,在2019冠状病毒病之前和期间,与药物使用、心理健康和无家可归危机相关的电话大量涌入,尽管那年夏天的乔治·弗洛伊德抗议活动也发挥了重要作用。FPD与阿肯色大学社会工作学院(UA)合作,在该部门开展了一个城市固体废物实习,目的是最终创建一个共同应对计划。在制定新计划或实施组织变革以评估任何后续转变时,确定员工态度的基线是至关重要的。因此,本文提供了一项调查的基线数据,该调查评估了FPD的宣誓和文职人员对将社会工作者纳入该部门的态度。来自半结构化访谈的数据提供了对这些态度的更深入理解,以及对实习实施和最终危机干预反应小组(CIRT)的经验教训的见解。调查结果表明,总体而言,FPD工作人员支持但对方案变化有些犹豫,特别是在将非武装平民带入实地时的安全问题上。访谈的主题表明,尽管FPD员工最初肯定存在疑问,但FPD管理人员和UA教师为支持组织接受该计划而进行的有意合作努力取得了早期的成功。通过强调实施过程的关键方面以及在此过程中吸取的经验教训,本研究的结果可以指导未来在类似地区的复制工作。
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引用次数: 0
Best Practices in Tele-Forensic Methods of Gathering Data 收集数据的远程取证方法的最佳实践
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.2.3-17
Christopher Mulchay, Sean Knuth
Data collection changed in the wake of COVID-19. This article begins with advantages and disadvantages of remotely gathering data via telehealth. The article then provides a discussion of ethics in the form of best practices, sufficient practices, and insufficient practices. A thorough discussion of the support for gathering data through interviewing parents, interviewing children, testing, and collecting collateral data follows.
COVID-19爆发后,数据收集发生了变化。本文首先介绍通过远程医疗远程收集数据的优点和缺点。然后,本文以最佳实践、充分实践和不充分实践的形式讨论了道德问题。通过访谈父母、访谈儿童、测试和收集附属数据,对收集数据的支持进行了深入的讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Paternity and Child Welfare 亲子及儿童福利
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.2.108-119
Nafees Alam
This theoretical and conceptual analysis, rooted and organized by frameworks and empirical literature, aims to explain biases against fathers in the United States’ family court system. Positive paternal involvement has been shown to be correlated with positive child outcomes, placing an emphasis not just on quantity, but quality as well. Despite these findings, fathers are societally expected to be less involved than mothers. Fathers are also in positions to be held financially hostage even when alternatives to pregnancy are legally accessible, suggesting that paternal financial contributions are viable substitutes for paternal involvement. The court of law and the court of public opinion may be in opposition as to where we go from here.
这种基于框架和实证文献的理论和概念分析旨在解释美国家庭法院系统中对父亲的偏见。积极的父亲参与已被证明与积极的孩子结果相关,不仅强调数量,而且强调质量。尽管有这些发现,社会期望父亲比母亲更少参与。即使在法律上可以替代怀孕的情况下,父亲也处于经济上被劫持的地位,这表明父亲的经济贡献是父亲参与的可行替代品。法律法庭和公众舆论法庭可能会对我们的下一步行动持反对意见。
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引用次数: 0
The Sequential Intercept Model and Forensic Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) for People with Serious Mental Illness: Implications for Social Work Practice 严重精神疾病患者的序贯截距模型和法医自信社区治疗(FACT):对社会工作实践的启示
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.2.30-42
Brian Zampella
In the United States, adults with serious mental illness are overrepresented in the criminal justice system. The sequential intercept model is a novel framework that identifies three major stages where interventions for this population can best be utilized: pretrial diversion, post-plea alternative to incarceration (ATI), and community reentry from jail and prison. This paper begins with a review of the literature that supports the application of Forensic Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) across these three stages. This paper will also draw on the influences of therapeutic jurisprudence, which holds that the courts can be used to both advance public safety and enhance access to mental health services for justice involved people with serious mental illness. The literature has suggested that patients receiving FACT services have been found to have lower rates of psychiatric hospitalization and criminal justice recidivism in comparison to those who received traditional mental health services. This paper will touch on cutting edge practices to reduce psychiatric hospitalization and criminal justice recidivism rates among people with mental illness that are currently in use. In particular, programs involving law enforcement integration such as ACT-PI teams, co-response teams, and crisis intervention training will be explored. This paper will focus on applications and limitations of FACT across the various stages of the sequential intercept model, with a particular focus of using FACT as a way to reduce racial and gender disparities within the criminal justice system among people with serious mental illness. In light of the broad support the literature highlights for FACT when applied earlier within the criminal justice system, social work practice efforts should accordingly focus on expansion of early access to FACT services. In particular, criminal justice policy efforts should be expanded with respect to utilization of these services at the pretrial diversion and ATI stages, where they are historically underutilized.
在美国,刑事司法系统中患有严重精神疾病的成年人比例过高。顺序拦截模型是一个新的框架,它确定了对这一人群进行干预的三个主要阶段:审前转移、认罪后替代监禁(ATI)和从监狱和监狱重新进入社区。本文首先回顾了支持在这三个阶段应用法医自信社区治疗(FACT)的文献。本文还将借鉴治疗法学的影响,该法学认为,法院可用于促进公共安全,并为司法涉及严重精神疾病的人提供更多获得精神卫生服务的机会。& # x0D;文献表明,与接受传统心理健康服务的患者相比,接受FACT服务的患者精神病住院和刑事司法再犯的比例较低。本文将触及目前正在使用的减少精神疾病患者住院治疗和刑事司法再犯率的尖端做法。特别是,将探讨涉及执法一体化的项目,如ACT-PI小组、共同反应小组和危机干预培训。本文将重点关注FACT在顺序拦截模型各个阶段的应用和局限性,特别关注使用FACT作为减少严重精神疾病患者刑事司法系统中种族和性别差异的一种方式。鉴于文献所强调的事实在刑事司法系统内较早应用时的广泛支持,社会工作实践工作应相应地侧重于扩大事实服务的早期获取。特别是,应扩大刑事司法政策方面的努力,在审前转用和刑事司法调查阶段利用这些服务,因为这些服务历来没有得到充分利用。
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引用次数: 0
Policy & Change: An Analysis of Veteran Perpetrated Mass Shootings & Social Work's Call to Action 政策与变化:退伍军人大规模枪击事件分析与社会工作的行动呼吁
Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.1.111-123
Christopher Collins
Public mass shootings are relatively rare occurrences in the United States. As such, focusing on individual-level factors to develop a prevention framework is ill-advised. However, starting with veterans, as an overrepresented group of offenders, may be an important step to determining and developing policies that work to prevent mass shootings. The Veteran’s Administration (VA) is the largest employer of social workers in the United States and employs more than 15,000 master’s level social work professionals. Policy and training changes made to the VA system have the potential to begin reducing incidents of public mass shootings. The purpose of this study was to determine whether veteran-status or the phenomenon of leakage influences the number of casualties in public mass shootings. Further, a renewed call-to-action is issued for social workers engaged with veterans, military personnel, and their families. A negative binomial regression analysis was utilized to examine 168 public mass shootings events in the United States from 1966 until 2019. While veteran status was not associated with increased casualty this does not underscore the importance of policy changes that limit access to firearms for high-risk people. Further, because leakage was statistically significant in explaining casualty rates in mass shootings additional training related to duty to warn may be necessary for social workers engaged in therapeutic relationships with veterans, military personnel, and their families. The results of the negative binomial regression offer insights into what effective policy interventions may look like to reduce mass shootings.
公共场合大规模枪击事件在美国相对罕见。因此,侧重于个人层面的因素来制定预防框架是不明智的。然而,从退伍军人开始,作为一个被过度代表的罪犯群体,可能是确定和制定防止大规模枪击事件的政策的重要一步。退伍军人管理局(VA)是美国最大的社会工作者雇主,雇佣了超过15,000名硕士级别的社会工作专业人员。对退伍军人管理局系统进行的政策和培训改革有可能开始减少公共大规模枪击事件。摘要本研究旨在探讨退伍军人身份或外泄现象是否会影响公共枪击事件的伤亡人数。此外,对与退伍军人、军人及其家属打交道的社会工作者发出了新的行动呼吁。采用负二项回归分析方法,对1966年至2019年美国发生的168起公共大规模枪击事件进行了分析。虽然退伍军人身份与伤亡人数增加无关,但这并没有强调限制高风险人群获得枪支的政策变化的重要性。此外,由于泄漏在解释大规模枪击事件的伤亡率方面具有统计学意义,因此对从事与退伍军人、军人及其家属治疗关系的社会工作者来说,额外的与警告责任相关的培训可能是必要的。负二项回归的结果为减少大规模枪击事件的有效政策干预提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Self-Reports of Grooming Behaviors in Adult Men Who Sexually Abused a Child: Assessment and Treatment Considerations 成年男性性侵儿童的美容行为自我报告:评估和治疗考虑
Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.15763/issn.1936-9298.2023.7.1.123-131
D. Pruitt, Molly R. Wolf, T. Leet
Grooming is the dynamic process a sexual offender engages in to gain access to and sexually assault a victim without detection. This study examined the grooming behaviors of adult males who sexually offended receiving community based specialized therapy. The results of the study suggest that over half of the participants used grooming strategies that included: grooming the environment, coercion, tricks, and bribes. However, there was wide discrepancy on reporting of grooming behavior when asked about general strategies versus specific behaviors. These results provide critical information to the existing knowledge base on the assessment and treatment of the population.
诱骗是性犯罪者在不被发现的情况下接近并性侵犯受害者的动态过程。本研究考察了接受社区专门治疗的性冒犯成年男性的梳理行为。研究结果表明,超过一半的参与者使用的引诱策略包括:引诱环境、胁迫、诡计和贿赂。然而,当被问及一般策略和特定行为时,对梳理行为的报告存在很大差异。这些结果为现有的人口评估和治疗知识库提供了重要信息。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of forensic social work
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