{"title":"Penser le pouvoir du père : réflexions sur les rapports entre histoire du droit et psychanalyse","authors":"A. Mayer","doi":"10.3917/grief.191.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/grief.191.0081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90172,"journal":{"name":"Grief matters","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80326805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Avis aux lecteurs","authors":"Olivier Cayla, Rainer Maria Kiesow","doi":"10.3917/grief.191.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/grief.191.0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90172,"journal":{"name":"Grief matters","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74465908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ve République : nature et valeur du système électoral à deux tours","authors":"P. Pasquino","doi":"10.3917/grief.191.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/grief.191.0048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90172,"journal":{"name":"Grief matters","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87310927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-17DOI: 10.19185/MATTERS.201905000003
Evan D. Kindl, Kevin E Koschnitzke, James Blauwkamp, Sean M McCann, Veronica R. Moorman
Numerous enzymes have been demonstrated to be active in non-aqueous solutions, yet the utility of phosphatases under such conditions has been difficult to determine. Here, we demonstrate the ability to fluorescently detect naphthol AS‐MX in high percentages 1,4-dioxane with a fluorescence differential compared with naphthol AS‐MX phosphate. While intensities and maximum fluorescence wavelengths changed depending on solvent conditions, these results demonstrate this system’s potential for testing phosphatase activity in high amounts of dioxane.
{"title":"Fluorescence of Naphthol AS-MX is Readily Detectable in Dioxane Mixtures","authors":"Evan D. Kindl, Kevin E Koschnitzke, James Blauwkamp, Sean M McCann, Veronica R. Moorman","doi":"10.19185/MATTERS.201905000003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19185/MATTERS.201905000003","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous enzymes have been demonstrated to be active in non-aqueous solutions, yet the utility of phosphatases under such conditions has been difficult to determine. Here, we demonstrate the ability to fluorescently detect naphthol AS‐MX in high percentages 1,4-dioxane with a fluorescence differential compared with naphthol AS‐MX phosphate. While intensities and maximum fluorescence wavelengths changed depending on solvent conditions, these results demonstrate this system’s potential for testing phosphatase activity in high amounts of dioxane.","PeriodicalId":90172,"journal":{"name":"Grief matters","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88876590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.19185/MATTERS.201904000013
Irune Díaz-Aparicio, A. Sierra
The complement protein C1q has lately emerged as an important molecule in the clearance of apoptotic cells. However, its role in the brain in physiological conditions is less explored. Using as a model the adult neurogenic cascade, where newborn cells undergo apoptosis and are phagocytosed by microglia, in the present study we have discovered three major findings using immunofluorescence and RTqPCR from FACSsorted microglia in fms-EGFP mice. First, we found that C1q is mainly produced by microglia in the hippocampus in physiological conditions. Second, we observed a relationship between phagocytic microglia and C1q, as suggested by the presence of C1q within the majority of the microglial phagocytic pouches. Finally, we discovered that the functions of C1q in microglia may go beyond phagocytosis, as C1q was also found in non-phagocytic microglia.
{"title":"C1q is related to microglial phagocytosis in the hippocampus in physiological conditions","authors":"Irune Díaz-Aparicio, A. Sierra","doi":"10.19185/MATTERS.201904000013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19185/MATTERS.201904000013","url":null,"abstract":"The complement protein C1q has lately emerged as an important molecule in the clearance of apoptotic cells. However, its role in the brain in physiological conditions is less explored. Using as a model the adult neurogenic cascade, where newborn cells undergo apoptosis and are phagocytosed by microglia, in the present study we have discovered three major findings using immunofluorescence and RTqPCR from FACSsorted microglia in fms-EGFP mice. First, we found that C1q is mainly produced by microglia in the hippocampus in physiological conditions. Second, we observed a relationship between phagocytic microglia and C1q, as suggested by the presence of C1q within the majority of the microglial phagocytic pouches. Finally, we discovered that the functions of C1q in microglia may go beyond phagocytosis, as C1q was also found in non-phagocytic microglia.","PeriodicalId":90172,"journal":{"name":"Grief matters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74166099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.19185/MATTERS.201904000009
Russel M Vincent, Pandelitsa Yiasemides, P. Jaschke
Translation initiation is a sequential process involving interactions between the 30S small ribosomal subunit, initiation factors and initiator tRNA. The Escherichia coli K-12 strain is unique in the Escherichia because it has two different initiator tRNA sequences, tRNAfMet1 encoded by the metZWVgenes and tRNAfMet2 encoded by the metY gene. A mutant of the metY gene was previously made where the anticodon sequence, responsible for specifying the start codon where translation initiation begins, was changed so that it bound to the amber stop codon UAG instead of the usual AUG start codon. This amber initiator tRNA has already been shown to be functional in the K-12 strain, but it is unclear whether it would function in other strains normally lacking the tRNA variant. In this work, we transformed E. coli K-12, and four other generally regarded as safe (GRAS) laboratory strains, with a plasmid expressing the amber initiator tRNA and evaluated its functionality and growth effects on the bacteria. We performed these tests because, despite these strains all belonging to E. coli phylogenetic group A, it is well known that there is significant variation between even closely related E. coli strains in their metabolism, transcriptional response to exogenous DNA expression and rates of amber stop codon suppression. We found that the amber initiator functions similarly across the five strains, effectively initiating translation at the orthogonal UAG start codon and that it had modest growth-slowing effects in the Crooks, W, and K-12 strains. The five tested E. coli strains in this work (K-12, B, C, W, and Crooks) are important workhorses of academic and industrial research and development. The path is now clear to deploy the amber initiator tRNA into these five strains to precisely control gene expression. Figure 1. An orthogonal amber initiator tRNA functions similarly across diverse Escherichia coli laboratory strains. (A) Phylogenetic tree of 16 diverse E. coli strains. The tree has drawn from MUSCLE multiple sequence alignment of concatenated multisequence locus typing (MSLT) gene sequences (adk, fumC, gyrB, icd, mdh, purA, recA). Alignment processed by Gblocks and phylogeny analysis by PhyML. The tree was drawn by TreeDyn. Bootstrapping values (red) displayed on tree generated by MrBayes v3.2 and represent the confidence level of the displayed branching topology, with 1 being the highest level of confidence. The scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Phylogeny.fr used for analysis pipeline. Five E. coli laboratory strains analyzed in this work shown by bold green text. See figure S1 for Mauve whole genome alignment between E. coli strains in green. (B) metZWV and metY loci in E. coli strains. Initiator tRNAfMet1 and tRNAfMet2 differ in sequence by a single nucleotide at position 46 in the variable loop, where tRNAfMet1 has 7mG and tRNAfMet2 has an A. The dashed lines represent similar genomic loci in each strain while boxe
{"title":"An orthogonal amber initiator tRNA functions similarly across diverse Escherichia coli laboratory strains","authors":"Russel M Vincent, Pandelitsa Yiasemides, P. Jaschke","doi":"10.19185/MATTERS.201904000009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19185/MATTERS.201904000009","url":null,"abstract":"Translation initiation is a sequential process involving interactions between the 30S small ribosomal subunit, initiation factors and initiator tRNA. The Escherichia coli K-12 strain is unique in the Escherichia because it has two different initiator tRNA sequences, tRNAfMet1 encoded by the metZWVgenes and tRNAfMet2 encoded by the metY gene. A mutant of the metY gene was previously made where the anticodon sequence, responsible for specifying the start codon where translation initiation begins, was changed so that it bound to the amber stop codon UAG instead of the usual AUG start codon. This amber initiator tRNA has already been shown to be functional in the K-12 strain, but it is unclear whether it would function in other strains normally lacking the tRNA variant. In this work, we transformed E. coli K-12, and four other generally regarded as safe (GRAS) laboratory strains, with a plasmid expressing the amber initiator tRNA and evaluated its functionality and growth effects on the bacteria. We performed these tests because, despite these strains all belonging to E. coli phylogenetic group A, it is well known that there is significant variation between even closely related E. coli strains in their metabolism, transcriptional response to exogenous DNA expression and rates of amber stop codon suppression. We found that the amber initiator functions similarly across the five strains, effectively initiating translation at the orthogonal UAG start codon and that it had modest growth-slowing effects in the Crooks, W, and K-12 strains. The five tested E. coli strains in this work (K-12, B, C, W, and Crooks) are important workhorses of academic and industrial research and development. The path is now clear to deploy the amber initiator tRNA into these five strains to precisely control gene expression. Figure 1. An orthogonal amber initiator tRNA functions similarly across diverse Escherichia coli laboratory strains. (A) Phylogenetic tree of 16 diverse E. coli strains. The tree has drawn from MUSCLE multiple sequence alignment of concatenated multisequence locus typing (MSLT) gene sequences (adk, fumC, gyrB, icd, mdh, purA, recA). Alignment processed by Gblocks and phylogeny analysis by PhyML. The tree was drawn by TreeDyn. Bootstrapping values (red) displayed on tree generated by MrBayes v3.2 and represent the confidence level of the displayed branching topology, with 1 being the highest level of confidence. The scale bar represents the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Phylogeny.fr used for analysis pipeline. Five E. coli laboratory strains analyzed in this work shown by bold green text. See figure S1 for Mauve whole genome alignment between E. coli strains in green. (B) metZWV and metY loci in E. coli strains. Initiator tRNAfMet1 and tRNAfMet2 differ in sequence by a single nucleotide at position 46 in the variable loop, where tRNAfMet1 has 7mG and tRNAfMet2 has an A. The dashed lines represent similar genomic loci in each strain while boxe","PeriodicalId":90172,"journal":{"name":"Grief matters","volume":"200 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80137473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-18DOI: 10.19185/MATTERS.201904000001
Illiana Cajias, R. L. Belmonte, S. Thapa, Sarah Maciel, Skylar Tomasetti, J. Aggio, D. Stachura
{"title":"Different Wavelengths of Light Have No Effect on Zebrafish Fecundity","authors":"Illiana Cajias, R. L. Belmonte, S. Thapa, Sarah Maciel, Skylar Tomasetti, J. Aggio, D. Stachura","doi":"10.19185/MATTERS.201904000001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19185/MATTERS.201904000001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90172,"journal":{"name":"Grief matters","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75064691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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