Pub Date : 2010-09-21DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2010.035258
Scott T. Lovald, T. Khraishi, T. Decoster, Shahram Bozorgnia
Fatigue failure of threaded distal locking screws used in intramedullary nailing of fractures of the femur is a significant problem. The current study compares fatigue strength of a threaded screw to an unthreaded peg according to generated stresses using the finite element method. The first analysis considered the unthreaded OrthoFix peg. The second analysis modified the peg to include a threaded portion along its length. The boundary conditions simulated include a range of axial loads of 900 N to 2,400 N. The results demonstrate that using a smooth peg versus a threaded screw will increase the fatigue strength by 72%. The peg will last well past the required ten weeks at all of the loads considered. For the screw, a 270 lb. human can expect two weeks of safe fixation before screw breakage while a 202 lb. body can expect only seven weeks of safe fixation.
{"title":"The effect of locking screw threads on the fatigue strength in intramedullary nail fixation of femur fractures","authors":"Scott T. Lovald, T. Khraishi, T. Decoster, Shahram Bozorgnia","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2010.035258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035258","url":null,"abstract":"Fatigue failure of threaded distal locking screws used in intramedullary nailing of fractures of the femur is a significant problem. The current study compares fatigue strength of a threaded screw to an unthreaded peg according to generated stresses using the finite element method. The first analysis considered the unthreaded OrthoFix peg. The second analysis modified the peg to include a threaded portion along its length. The boundary conditions simulated include a range of axial loads of 900 N to 2,400 N. The results demonstrate that using a smooth peg versus a threaded screw will increase the fatigue strength by 72%. The peg will last well past the required ten weeks at all of the loads considered. For the screw, a 270 lb. human can expect two weeks of safe fixation before screw breakage while a 202 lb. body can expect only seven weeks of safe fixation.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-21DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2010.035260
Xiangming Zhang, R. Gan
An experimental setup for dynamic testing of human tympanic membrane (TM) with the material testing system and laser Doppler vibrometry is reported in this paper. The experiment on TM specimen was simulated in finite element (FE) model using acoustic-structure coupled analysis. The generalised standard linear solid (Weichert) model was used as the constitutive law for the TM, and the dynamic properties of the TM was derived by inverse-problem solving method. The complex modulus in frequency-domain and the relaxation modulus in time-domain were obtained. The mean value of storage modulus of eight TM specimens was 54.34 at the frequency of 200 Hz and 65.54 MPa at 8,000 Hz, while the mean loss modulus was 1.92 at 200 Hz and 6.12 MPa at 8,000 Hz. These results were compared with the published data measured with the miniature split Hopkinson tension bar. The methods and data reported here contribute to the field of soft tissue biomechanics in both experimental measurement and theoretical analysis of ear.
{"title":"Dynamic properties of human tympanic membrane – experimental measurement and modelling analysis","authors":"Xiangming Zhang, R. Gan","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2010.035260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035260","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental setup for dynamic testing of human tympanic membrane (TM) with the material testing system and laser Doppler vibrometry is reported in this paper. The experiment on TM specimen was simulated in finite element (FE) model using acoustic-structure coupled analysis. The generalised standard linear solid (Weichert) model was used as the constitutive law for the TM, and the dynamic properties of the TM was derived by inverse-problem solving method. The complex modulus in frequency-domain and the relaxation modulus in time-domain were obtained. The mean value of storage modulus of eight TM specimens was 54.34 at the frequency of 200 Hz and 65.54 MPa at 8,000 Hz, while the mean loss modulus was 1.92 at 200 Hz and 6.12 MPa at 8,000 Hz. These results were compared with the published data measured with the miniature split Hopkinson tension bar. The methods and data reported here contribute to the field of soft tissue biomechanics in both experimental measurement and theoretical analysis of ear.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-21DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2010.035262
Yaodong Gu, X. Ren, Jianshe Li, M. Rong
The impact of high-heeled shoes on the human gait kinetic is an important research field. Most published studies have been focused on the effects of high-heeled shoes on normal walking, while works on more intensive locomotion such as dancing is very limited. The purpose of this work was to investigate the foot pressure distribution, impact force and impulse during Latin dancing with different heel heights. Biomechanical measurements were performed for typical dance steps on six professional dance athletes. The load of each sole zone was calculated and the significance of the heel height effect was determined with statistical analysis. The results indicate that increasing heel height could cause an increase of impact forces in the forefoot and a reduction in the heel region. The effect of the heel height in dancing is different from normal gait and the lateral metatarsal region was identified as the most intensely affected zone in dancing.
{"title":"Plantar pressure distribution during high-heeled Latin dancing","authors":"Yaodong Gu, X. Ren, Jianshe Li, M. Rong","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2010.035262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035262","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of high-heeled shoes on the human gait kinetic is an important research field. Most published studies have been focused on the effects of high-heeled shoes on normal walking, while works on more intensive locomotion such as dancing is very limited. The purpose of this work was to investigate the foot pressure distribution, impact force and impulse during Latin dancing with different heel heights. Biomechanical measurements were performed for typical dance steps on six professional dance athletes. The load of each sole zone was calculated and the significance of the heel height effect was determined with statistical analysis. The results indicate that increasing heel height could cause an increase of impact forces in the forefoot and a reduction in the heel region. The effect of the heel height in dancing is different from normal gait and the lateral metatarsal region was identified as the most intensely affected zone in dancing.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-21DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2010.035263
D. Mandal, N. Manna, S. Chakrabarti
In the present paper, the effect of symmetrical and asymmetrical bell shaped stenoses on wall pressure drop, streamline contour, and rise in wall shear stress (WSS) for the progression of the disease, atherosclerosis has been investigated numerically. The governing equations have been solved by finite volume method. It is revealed from the study that the impact of wall pressure and peak WSS on progression of disease are always high for asymmetrical shaped stenosis. The impact of asymmetrical shape on plaque deposition zone is less, if the aggravation changes the shape of stenosis due to change in stricture length only keeping percentage of restriction same. Whereas, the impact of asymmetrical shape on plaque deposition zone will be high, if shape of stenosis changes by increasing both stricture length and percentage of restriction.
{"title":"A numerical model study of steady flow through bell-shaped stenoses with and without asymmetry","authors":"D. Mandal, N. Manna, S. Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2010.035263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035263","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, the effect of symmetrical and asymmetrical bell shaped stenoses on wall pressure drop, streamline contour, and rise in wall shear stress (WSS) for the progression of the disease, atherosclerosis has been investigated numerically. The governing equations have been solved by finite volume method. It is revealed from the study that the impact of wall pressure and peak WSS on progression of disease are always high for asymmetrical shaped stenosis. The impact of asymmetrical shape on plaque deposition zone is less, if the aggravation changes the shape of stenosis due to change in stricture length only keeping percentage of restriction same. Whereas, the impact of asymmetrical shape on plaque deposition zone will be high, if shape of stenosis changes by increasing both stricture length and percentage of restriction.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-21DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2010.035261
J. Dressler, R. T. Ng, A. Amirfazli, J. Carey
This work describes the design and capabilities of a multi-axis biomechanical testing apparatus (MABTA). This loading frame was designed and developed to conduct in-vitro experiments on cadaveric human, animal and composite specimens while simulating loading poses taken from gait cycles, but applied in a quasi-static fashion. The purpose of this study was to develop a high standard apparatus with high repeatability for experimenting with composite and biological tissues. MABTA features three manually adjustable rotational axes: flexion-extension, varus-valgus and internal-external, as well as three translational load applications: proximal-distal, medial-lateral and anterior-posterior. MABTA can apply loads up to 4,448 N in the proximaldistal direction and 2,224 N in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions. MABTA is capable of rotating to 100° flexion, 50° hyperextension, 20° in the varus-valgus direction and 30° in the internal-external direction. This apparatus can be used to evaluate human, animal and composite specimens in various physiological positions for validating finite element models, investigating anterior cruciate ligament fixations, patellar dislocation forces at various degree of flexion-extension and exploring the design of total knee prostheses. MABTA can provide good strain results and good repeatability between tests when testing with a third generation composite tibia and femur.
{"title":"Development and evaluation of a multi-axis biomechanical testing apparatus for knee","authors":"J. Dressler, R. T. Ng, A. Amirfazli, J. Carey","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2010.035261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035261","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes the design and capabilities of a multi-axis biomechanical testing apparatus (MABTA). This loading frame was designed and developed to conduct in-vitro experiments on cadaveric human, animal and composite specimens while simulating loading poses taken from gait cycles, but applied in a quasi-static fashion. The purpose of this study was to develop a high standard apparatus with high repeatability for experimenting with composite and biological tissues. MABTA features three manually adjustable rotational axes: flexion-extension, varus-valgus and internal-external, as well as three translational load applications: proximal-distal, medial-lateral and anterior-posterior. MABTA can apply loads up to 4,448 N in the proximaldistal direction and 2,224 N in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions. MABTA is capable of rotating to 100° flexion, 50° hyperextension, 20° in the varus-valgus direction and 30° in the internal-external direction. This apparatus can be used to evaluate human, animal and composite specimens in various physiological positions for validating finite element models, investigating anterior cruciate ligament fixations, patellar dislocation forces at various degree of flexion-extension and exploring the design of total knee prostheses. MABTA can provide good strain results and good repeatability between tests when testing with a third generation composite tibia and femur.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-21DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2010.035259
K. Alam, A. Mitrofanov, V. Silberschmidt
Bone cutting is widely used in orthopaedic, dental and neuro surgeries and is a technically demanding surgical procedure. One of the major concerns in current research is thermal damage of the bone tissue caused by high-speed power tools, which occurs when temperature rises above a certain threshold value for the tissue known as bone necrosis. Hence, optimisation of cutting parameters is necessary to avoid thermal necrosis and improve current orthopaedic surgical procedures. In this study a thermo-mechanical finite element model of bone cutting is presented that idealises cortical bone as an equivalent homogeneous isotropic material. The maximum temperature in the bone was found in the region where the thin bone layer (chip) was separated from the bone sample that was adjacent to the tool rake (i.e., front face of the tool). Temperature values were calculated with the model and compared for cutting conditions with and without a coolant (irrigation). The influence of bone's thermal properties on the depth of thermal necrosis is discussed. The simulated cutting temperatures were compared with experimental results obtained in bone drilling tests. Simulations of the cutting processes identified critical variables and cutting parameters affecting thermo-mechanics of bone cutting.
{"title":"Thermal analysis of orthogonal cutting of cortical bone using finite element simulations","authors":"K. Alam, A. Mitrofanov, V. Silberschmidt","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2010.035259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035259","url":null,"abstract":"Bone cutting is widely used in orthopaedic, dental and neuro surgeries and is a technically demanding surgical procedure. One of the major concerns in current research is thermal damage of the bone tissue caused by high-speed power tools, which occurs when temperature rises above a certain threshold value for the tissue known as bone necrosis. Hence, optimisation of cutting parameters is necessary to avoid thermal necrosis and improve current orthopaedic surgical procedures. In this study a thermo-mechanical finite element model of bone cutting is presented that idealises cortical bone as an equivalent homogeneous isotropic material. The maximum temperature in the bone was found in the region where the thin bone layer (chip) was separated from the bone sample that was adjacent to the tool rake (i.e., front face of the tool). Temperature values were calculated with the model and compared for cutting conditions with and without a coolant (irrigation). The influence of bone's thermal properties on the depth of thermal necrosis is discussed. The simulated cutting temperatures were compared with experimental results obtained in bone drilling tests. Simulations of the cutting processes identified critical variables and cutting parameters affecting thermo-mechanics of bone cutting.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2010.035259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jungsil Kim, Brooke Peruski, C. Hunley, Sebastian T. Kwon, S. Baek
The present study investigates effects of surrounding tissues and non-uniform wall thickness on the biomechanics of the thoracic aorta. We construct two idealised computational models exemplifying the importance of surrounding tissues and non-uniform wall thickness, namely the uniform-thickness model and the histology image-based model. While the former neglects a connective tissue layer surrounding the aorta, the latter takes it into account with non-uniform wall thickness. Using plane strain finite element analysis, stress distributions in the aortic media between the two models are compared. The histology image-based model substantially enhances the uniformity of stress throughout the aortic media. Furthermore, the altered mechanical properties of surrounding tissues change the stress distribution. These results suggest that surrounding tissues and non-uniform wall thickness should be included in biomechanical analysis to better understand regional adaptation of the aortic wall during normal physiological conditions or pathological conditions such as aortic aneurysms and dissections.
{"title":"Influence of surrounding tissues on biomechanics of aortic wall.","authors":"Jungsil Kim, Brooke Peruski, C. Hunley, Sebastian T. Kwon, S. Baek","doi":"10.1115/SBC2010-19264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/SBC2010-19264","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates effects of surrounding tissues and non-uniform wall thickness on the biomechanics of the thoracic aorta. We construct two idealised computational models exemplifying the importance of surrounding tissues and non-uniform wall thickness, namely the uniform-thickness model and the histology image-based model. While the former neglects a connective tissue layer surrounding the aorta, the latter takes it into account with non-uniform wall thickness. Using plane strain finite element analysis, stress distributions in the aortic media between the two models are compared. The histology image-based model substantially enhances the uniformity of stress throughout the aortic media. Furthermore, the altered mechanical properties of surrounding tissues change the stress distribution. These results suggest that surrounding tissues and non-uniform wall thickness should be included in biomechanical analysis to better understand regional adaptation of the aortic wall during normal physiological conditions or pathological conditions such as aortic aneurysms and dissections.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"2 2 1","pages":"105-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63521338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-11DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2009.029197
Julie Kimsal, T. Khraishi, Kayvon Izadi, Eugene Limanovich
Paediatric spinal deformities pose much difficulty for orthopaedic surgeons. Halo-gravity traction using threaded stainless steel pins with a graphite halo device mounted to the skull has been successful, but is invasive and must be tailored specifically to each individual patient. Experimental and clinical testing in paediatrics has been performed to evaluate the halo-gravity traction method of correction to optimise required number of pins, and pin-torque loading parameters, with differing results. For paediatrics, surgeons do not apply loading exceeding 50% of a child's body weight. The current study experiments with six and ten pin halo configurations under applied torque loading of 226, 452 and 678 Newton-millimetre (2, 4 and 6 inch-pound) to determine failure loading of the halo system. The results indicate that the failure load of the sawbone skulls far exceeds the average weight of a paediatric patient.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of halo-gravity traction for paediatric spinal deformity correction","authors":"Julie Kimsal, T. Khraishi, Kayvon Izadi, Eugene Limanovich","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2009.029197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2009.029197","url":null,"abstract":"Paediatric spinal deformities pose much difficulty for orthopaedic surgeons. Halo-gravity traction using threaded stainless steel pins with a graphite halo device mounted to the skull has been successful, but is invasive and must be tailored specifically to each individual patient. Experimental and clinical testing in paediatrics has been performed to evaluate the halo-gravity traction method of correction to optimise required number of pins, and pin-torque loading parameters, with differing results. For paediatrics, surgeons do not apply loading exceeding 50% of a child's body weight. The current study experiments with six and ten pin halo configurations under applied torque loading of 226, 452 and 678 Newton-millimetre (2, 4 and 6 inch-pound) to determine failure loading of the halo system. The results indicate that the failure load of the sawbone skulls far exceeds the average weight of a paediatric patient.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2009.029197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-11DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2009.029194
K. Wan, N. Ravi
A mathematical model is derived to account for the classical Helmholtz theory of accommodation mechanics. By treating the lens capsule as the only elastic deformable component of the ocular lens and the lens fibre as an incompressible liquid capable of supporting a hydrostatic pressure, the mechanical response of a lens subject to equatorial tensile by the zonules is found. The results are consistent with Helmholtz that a stretched or unaccommodated lens possesses a reduced curvature along the optical pole. The model is compared with an alternative model recently built by Chien et al.
{"title":"Mechanics of ocular lens accommodation consistent with the classical Helmholtz theory","authors":"K. Wan, N. Ravi","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2009.029194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2009.029194","url":null,"abstract":"A mathematical model is derived to account for the classical Helmholtz theory of accommodation mechanics. By treating the lens capsule as the only elastic deformable component of the ocular lens and the lens fibre as an incompressible liquid capable of supporting a hydrostatic pressure, the mechanical response of a lens subject to equatorial tensile by the zonules is found. The results are consistent with Helmholtz that a stretched or unaccommodated lens possesses a reduced curvature along the optical pole. The model is compared with an alternative model recently built by Chien et al.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2009.029194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-11DOI: 10.1504/IJECB.2009.029189
M. Kersh, H. Ploeg
A methodology for the alignment of patellar and femoral components in pre-clinical test of patellar components used in total knee arthroplasty is presented. The component alignment was based on kinematic degrees of freedom that should be considered to recreate clinically relevant patello-femoral contact patterns. A literature review of patellar kinematics revealed that patellar motion occurs in all six degrees of freedom. Retrieval studies reported that deformation was most prominent on the lateral aspect of the patellar component and in contact regions that occur at higher degrees of knee flexion. Based on this review, it was hypothesised that alignment of the patellar and femoral components should incorporate patellar flexion, proximal-distal translation, anterior-posterior translation and medial-lateral translation. The efficacy of the model was tested by evaluating its ability to create physiological contact patterns in patellar components used in total knee arthroplasty. Two types of components were tested: metal-backed dome and all-polyethylene sombrero-shaped of which the dome-shaped components have a higher reported incidence of failure. The component alignment method resulted in higher contact areas in the sombrero-shaped components than the dome-shaped. Contact patterns of both components were compared to contact patterns reported in the literature for natural and implanted patellae and compared favourably.
{"title":"A methodology for the pre-clinical evaluation of patellar implants","authors":"M. Kersh, H. Ploeg","doi":"10.1504/IJECB.2009.029189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJECB.2009.029189","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology for the alignment of patellar and femoral components in pre-clinical test of patellar components used in total knee arthroplasty is presented. The component alignment was based on kinematic degrees of freedom that should be considered to recreate clinically relevant patello-femoral contact patterns. A literature review of patellar kinematics revealed that patellar motion occurs in all six degrees of freedom. Retrieval studies reported that deformation was most prominent on the lateral aspect of the patellar component and in contact regions that occur at higher degrees of knee flexion. Based on this review, it was hypothesised that alignment of the patellar and femoral components should incorporate patellar flexion, proximal-distal translation, anterior-posterior translation and medial-lateral translation. The efficacy of the model was tested by evaluating its ability to create physiological contact patterns in patellar components used in total knee arthroplasty. Two types of components were tested: metal-backed dome and all-polyethylene sombrero-shaped of which the dome-shaped components have a higher reported incidence of failure. The component alignment method resulted in higher contact areas in the sombrero-shaped components than the dome-shaped. Contact patterns of both components were compared to contact patterns reported in the literature for natural and implanted patellae and compared favourably.","PeriodicalId":90184,"journal":{"name":"International journal of experimental and computational biomechanics","volume":"1 1","pages":"129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJECB.2009.029189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66744612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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