Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0216
Jennifer A. Ress, E. W. Thomas
This study examined the composition and ecology of benthic algal communities within two streams of the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Algal community samples as well as physical and chemical habitat parameters were collected from Boulder Creek and St. Vrain Creek between July and August, 2013. Sampling began in the high elevation montane headwaters for each stream and continued downstream to the low elevation plains locations with a total of 41 samples collected. Algal communities from each stream were dominated by diatoms. Algal cell densities and species diversity were highly variable within each stream, and there was no difference in overall cell density or species diversity between the streams. Despite the close proximity of Boulder Creek and St. Vrain Creek, differences in algal community composition were found between the two streams. Differences in the algal communities between the two streams were found to be a result of higher conductivity, temperature, and pH and increased levels of total nitrogen in Boulder Creek compared to St. Vrain Creek.
{"title":"Algal community ecology of two Rocky Mountain Front Range streams","authors":"Jennifer A. Ress, E. W. Thomas","doi":"10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0216","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the composition and ecology of benthic algal communities within two streams of the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Algal community samples as well as physical and chemical habitat parameters were collected from Boulder Creek and St. Vrain Creek between July and August, 2013. Sampling began in the high elevation montane headwaters for each stream and continued downstream to the low elevation plains locations with a total of 41 samples collected. Algal communities from each stream were dominated by diatoms. Algal cell densities and species diversity were highly variable within each stream, and there was no difference in overall cell density or species diversity between the streams. Despite the close proximity of Boulder Creek and St. Vrain Creek, differences in algal community composition were found between the two streams. Differences in the algal communities between the two streams were found to be a result of higher conductivity, temperature, and pH and increased levels of total nitrogen in Boulder Creek compared to St. Vrain Creek.","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"149 1","pages":"3-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64049293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0205
S. Rai, M. Rajashekhar
Phytoplankton diversity, abundance and distribution were studied in the Arabian Sea water off Kerala and Karnataka coasts. The study was carried out from November 2009 to October 2011 on a seasonal basis and the relationship between physico-chemical characteristics of coastal waters and phytoplankton communities were analyzed statistically at sixteen sampling sites. During the study, Shannon-Weiner diversity index (J') varied from 3.271 to 4.139, Pileou's evenness (J') ranged from 0.935 to 0.980 and Margalef's richness index (d) varied from 6.511 to 12.021. The seasonal variation of H' showed high diversity during post-monsoon season followed by pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, respectively. Based on NMDS analysis, the similarity of the phytoplankton of the sampling sites belonging to the same shoreline exhibited high species similarity. The phytoplankton abundance was positively related to pH, temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a and nutrients and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen, turbidity and silicate. Out of the 185 species of phytoplankton identified, the diatoms, namely Cymbella aspera, Licmophora abbreviata and Skeletonema costatum were found to be dominant while Oscillatoria limosa was the prevailing cyanobacterium.
{"title":"Ecological measurements of phytoplankton communities in the Arabian Sea water off Kerala and Karnataka coasts (South India)","authors":"S. Rai, M. Rajashekhar","doi":"10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0205","url":null,"abstract":"Phytoplankton diversity, abundance and distribution were studied in the Arabian Sea water off Kerala and Karnataka coasts. The study was carried out from November 2009 to October 2011 on a seasonal basis and the relationship between physico-chemical characteristics of coastal waters and phytoplankton communities were analyzed statistically at sixteen sampling sites. During the study, Shannon-Weiner diversity index (J') varied from 3.271 to 4.139, Pileou's evenness (J') ranged from 0.935 to 0.980 and Margalef's richness index (d) varied from 6.511 to 12.021. The seasonal variation of H' showed high diversity during post-monsoon season followed by pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, respectively. Based on NMDS analysis, the similarity of the phytoplankton of the sampling sites belonging to the same shoreline exhibited high species similarity. The phytoplankton abundance was positively related to pH, temperature, salinity, chlorophyll-a and nutrients and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen, turbidity and silicate. Out of the 185 species of phytoplankton identified, the diatoms, namely Cymbella aspera, Licmophora abbreviata and Skeletonema costatum were found to be dominant while Oscillatoria limosa was the prevailing cyanobacterium.","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"149 1","pages":"39-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64048958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0219
J. Komárek
Cyanobacteria were once considered as cosmopolitan and ubiquitous organisms, occurring also in Antarctic ecosystems. They were identified therefore mostly according to European and North American determination keys (cf. Geitler 1932, Prescott 1979). However, recent molecular analyses and precise morphological and ecological characterizations found that special cyanobacterial communities develop in freshwater habitats of Western Antarctica every year. They contain taxonomically unique genotypes (OTUs) delimited for habitats of coastal and deglaciated Antarctica. These studies indicate that, at least, several Antarctic important species of cyanobacteria (in modern, revised concept) are endemic or restricted only for polar habitats. This statement corresponds with other extreme ecosystems over the world.
{"title":"About endemism of cyanobacteria in freshwater habitats of maritime Antarctica","authors":"J. Komárek","doi":"10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0219","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanobacteria were once considered as cosmopolitan and ubiquitous organisms, occurring also in Antarctic ecosystems. They were identified therefore mostly according to European and North American determination keys (cf. Geitler 1932, Prescott 1979). However, recent molecular analyses and precise morphological and ecological characterizations found that special cyanobacterial communities develop in freshwater habitats of Western Antarctica every year. They contain taxonomically unique genotypes (OTUs) delimited for habitats of coastal and deglaciated Antarctica. These studies indicate that, at least, several Antarctic important species of cyanobacteria (in modern, revised concept) are endemic or restricted only for polar habitats. This statement corresponds with other extreme ecosystems over the world.","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"148 1","pages":"15-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64049892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0220
A. Gutowski, J. Foerster, A. Doege, M. Paul
We analyzed the records of several species of Chamaesiphon A. Braun ex Grunow 1865 collected by the water management authorities of the German federal states North RhineWestphalia (NRW) and Saxony (SN). In total, 579 sampling events from 429 different sampling sites at soft water streams and rivers of the Central German Uplands (types 5, 5.1 and 9 of the German typology for running waters) were included. Samples were collected between 2006 and 2012. Sites ranged from unimpaired, nutrient-poor to nutrient-rich sites. Twelve different species of Chamaesiphon were recorded. The epiphytic species C. confervicolus and C. incrustans and the epilithic species C. fuscus, C. polymorphus and C. starmachii were most common in both federal states. Uni- and multivariate methods were employed to describe autecological preferences of these taxa. C. fuscus and C. starmachii occur at significantly lower nutrient levels and therefore are characteristic for unimpaired sites, whereas C. confervicolus, C. incrustans and C. polymorphus prefer nutrient-rich sites. C. confervicolus and C. incrustans are different in respect of the morphological features of the sampling sites like stream width, depth and substrate. C. polonicus which occurs in the medium range regarding nutrients and geochemical properties is known to be a tolerant species. The use of Chamaesiphon species for assessment and especially their classification within the PHYLIB tool is discussed.
对德国北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州(NRW)和萨克森州(SN)水管理部门收集的Chamaesiphon A. Braun ex Grunow 1865的几种记录进行了分析。总共包括来自德国中部高地的429个不同采样点的579个采样事件(德国流水类型的第5、5.1和9类)。样本是在2006年至2012年间收集的。从未受损的、营养不良的到营养丰富的都有。记录了12种不同的变色龙。附生种C. convicolus和C. incrustans以及附生种C. fuscus、C. polymorphus和C. starmachi在两个联邦州最常见。采用单变量和多变量方法描述了这些分类群的生态偏好。fuscus C.和starmachi C.发生在营养水平明显较低的地方，因此是未受损地点的特征，而C. convicolus、C. incrustans和C. polymorphus偏爱营养丰富的地点。在采样点的溪流宽度、深度和底质等形态特征上，扁卷木和壳状木存在差异。在营养成分和地球化学性质方面处于中等水平，是一种耐受性较强的物种。本文讨论了在PHYLIB工具中对变色龙物种进行评估和分类的方法。
{"title":"Chamaesiphon species in soft-water streams in Germany: occurrence, ecology and use for bioindication","authors":"A. Gutowski, J. Foerster, A. Doege, M. Paul","doi":"10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0220","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed the records of several species of Chamaesiphon A. Braun ex Grunow 1865 collected by the water management authorities of the German federal states North RhineWestphalia (NRW) and Saxony (SN). In total, 579 sampling events from 429 different sampling sites at soft water streams and rivers of the Central German Uplands (types 5, 5.1 and 9 of the German typology for running waters) were included. Samples were collected between 2006 and 2012. Sites ranged from unimpaired, nutrient-poor to nutrient-rich sites. Twelve different species of Chamaesiphon were recorded. The epiphytic species C. confervicolus and C. incrustans and the epilithic species C. fuscus, C. polymorphus and C. starmachii were most common in both federal states. Uni- and multivariate methods were employed to describe autecological preferences of these taxa. C. fuscus and C. starmachii occur at significantly lower nutrient levels and therefore are characteristic for unimpaired sites, whereas C. confervicolus, C. incrustans and C. polymorphus prefer nutrient-rich sites. C. confervicolus and C. incrustans are different in respect of the morphological features of the sampling sites like stream width, depth and substrate. C. polonicus which occurs in the medium range regarding nutrients and geochemical properties is known to be a tolerant species. The use of Chamaesiphon species for assessment and especially their classification within the PHYLIB tool is discussed.","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"30 1","pages":"33-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64049904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0231
M. Schagerl, Melanie Zwirn
The zygnematalean genus Spirogyra is a common freshwater alga and easily recognized by its spirally coiled chloroplasts. The traditional species delimitation within Spirogyra is based upon morphology, considering both asexual and sexual stages of its life cycle. In this study, we identified 16 Spirogyra strains originating from 14 sampling sites of Central Europe down to the species level and compared our observations to species descriptions provided in monographs. This case study demonstrates the uncertainties underlying the exclusive application of the morphological species concept, which indicates that many Spirogyra species might have been described too narrowly. We therefore suggest a polyphasic approach including molecular, morphological and ecophysiological traits. We discuss recent findings on Spirogyra phylogeny based on molecular tools and provide a possible solution to handle the current problems of Spirogyra taxonomy.
{"title":"A brief introduction to the morphological species concept of Spirogyra and emanating problems","authors":"M. Schagerl, Melanie Zwirn","doi":"10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0231","url":null,"abstract":"The zygnematalean genus Spirogyra is a common freshwater alga and easily recognized by its spirally coiled chloroplasts. The traditional species delimitation within Spirogyra is based upon morphology, considering both asexual and sexual stages of its life cycle. In this study, we identified 16 Spirogyra strains originating from 14 sampling sites of Central Europe down to the species level and compared our observations to species descriptions provided in monographs. This case study demonstrates the uncertainties underlying the exclusive application of the morphological species concept, which indicates that many Spirogyra species might have been described too narrowly. We therefore suggest a polyphasic approach including molecular, morphological and ecophysiological traits. We discuss recent findings on Spirogyra phylogeny based on molecular tools and provide a possible solution to handle the current problems of Spirogyra taxonomy.","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"95 1","pages":"67-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64050048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0221
G. Gärtner, M. Stoyneva, Blagoy A. Uzunov
Three green algae – Palmellopsis texensis, Chlorococcum pinguideum and Chlorella minutissima – were isolated from the soil remnants among the plant roots of a herbarium specimen, kept 20 years in air-dry conditions without any chemical or freezing preservation treatment. The first two species are new for the algal flora of Bulgaria. Cytomorphology and reproduction of the isolate similar to Palmellopsis texensis were investigated in detail and data obtained were compared with the original species description of Groover & Bold (1969). Two differences from the original diagnosis were detected: presence of pulsating vacuoles in the vegetative cells of our isolate and its reproduction only by zoospores. All features of the architecture of zoospores coincide well with the original description. Further studies could verify if our isolate belongs to Palmellopsis texensis, as it is for the moment designated here, or is a distinct species.
{"title":"First record of Palmellopsis texensis (Groover et Bold) Ettl et Gärtner (Chlorophyta, Tetrasporales, Palmellopsidaceae) from Bulgaria, found in a 20 years dried soil of a herbarium specimen","authors":"G. Gärtner, M. Stoyneva, Blagoy A. Uzunov","doi":"10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0221","url":null,"abstract":"Three green algae – Palmellopsis texensis, Chlorococcum pinguideum and Chlorella minutissima – were isolated from the soil remnants among the plant roots of a herbarium specimen, kept 20 years in air-dry conditions without any chemical or freezing preservation treatment. The first two species are new for the algal flora of Bulgaria. Cytomorphology and reproduction of the isolate similar to Palmellopsis texensis were investigated in detail and data obtained were compared with the original species description of Groover & Bold (1969). Two differences from the original diagnosis were detected: presence of pulsating vacuoles in the vegetative cells of our isolate and its reproduction only by zoospores. All features of the architecture of zoospores coincide well with the original description. Further studies could verify if our isolate belongs to Palmellopsis texensis, as it is for the moment designated here, or is a distinct species.","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"148 1","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64049985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0218
M. Kluge
Geosiphon pyriformis is until now the only known example of a non-septate (i. e. coenocytic) soil fungus that lives in endosymbiotic association with a cyanobacterium as photobiont, namely Nostoc punctiforme. Twenty five years ago relatively little was known on Geosiphon, and the organism was considered more or less as a curiosity. However, since about 1990 research on the Geosiphon symbiosis has been intensified with the result that now the organism serves as a model system for formation and functioning of endocytosis and, initially unexpected, for arbuscular mykorrhiza. The following article aims to illustrate the important role Dieter Mollenhauer and its wife Resi have played in the research on Geosiphon.
{"title":"Fascinated by a curiosity: Dieter Mollenhauer and Geosiphon pyriformis","authors":"M. Kluge","doi":"10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0218","url":null,"abstract":"Geosiphon pyriformis is until now the only known example of a non-septate (i. e. coenocytic) soil fungus that lives in endosymbiotic association with a cyanobacterium as photobiont, namely Nostoc punctiforme. Twenty five years ago relatively little was known on Geosiphon, and the organism was considered more or less as a curiosity. However, since about 1990 research on the Geosiphon symbiosis has been intensified with the result that now the organism serves as a model system for formation and functioning of endocytosis and, initially unexpected, for arbuscular mykorrhiza. The following article aims to illustrate the important role Dieter Mollenhauer and its wife Resi have played in the research on Geosiphon.","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"148 1","pages":"5-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2015/0218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64049830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1127/algol_stud/2015/0215
F. Hindák
{"title":"Knappe, J. & Huth, K. (2014): Rotalgen des Süßwassers in Deutschland und angrenzenden Gebieten","authors":"F. Hindák","doi":"10.1127/algol_stud/2015/0215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/algol_stud/2015/0215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"13 1","pages":"95-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/algol_stud/2015/0215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64049163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2014/0185
Guilherme S. Hentschke, C. L. Sant’Anna
Describing new taxa for Cyanobacteria is becoming more common in the last years following the increase of taxonomical studies using the polyphasic approach. The improvement of the phylogenetic analysis led to more precise knowledge about the relationships between taxa, but besides this, authors are neglecting the morphological data of populations from environmental samples, describing organisms growing only under culture conditions. Polyphasic approach considers the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny as the main criterion to distinguish taxa for Cyanobacteria, but there's not enough data to consider that the morphological evaluations from environmental populations are not relevant.
{"title":"Current trends and prospects for cyanobacterial taxonomy – are only cultured populations enough?","authors":"Guilherme S. Hentschke, C. L. Sant’Anna","doi":"10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2014/0185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2014/0185","url":null,"abstract":"Describing new taxa for Cyanobacteria is becoming more common in the last years following the increase of taxonomical studies using the polyphasic approach. The improvement of the phylogenetic analysis led to more precise knowledge about the relationships between taxa, but besides this, authors are neglecting the morphological data of populations from environmental samples, describing organisms growing only under culture conditions. Polyphasic approach considers the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny as the main criterion to distinguish taxa for Cyanobacteria, but there's not enough data to consider that the morphological evaluations from environmental populations are not relevant.","PeriodicalId":90782,"journal":{"name":"Algological studies (Stuttgart, Germany : 2007)","volume":"147 1","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/ALGOL_STUD/2014/0185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64049201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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