Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0018
Z. Gudžinskas, Lukas Petrulaitis
Abstract Helianthus grosseserratus M. Martens was first recorded in Lithuania in 2014. Rather large population of this species was found in Siauliai district (northern Lithuania), in the vicinity of Bridai village, on the territory of recultivated former municipal dump. This species can be easily distinguished from other perennial Helianthus species by glabrous stem, long, serrate, alternate leaves on the upper part of the stem and spindle-shaped roots. Supposedly, H. grosseserratus was brought to the area with garden waste or soil used for dump recultivation about 30 years ago and recently it has established in the locality. In the investigated capitula, no developed seeds were found. H. grosseserratus reproduces vegetatively by rhizomes and under favourable conditions can survive for a long time.
摘要2014年首次在立陶宛记录到太阳花(Helianthus grosseserratus M. Martens)。在Siauliai地区(立陶宛北部)Bridai村附近，在重新开垦的前市政垃圾场的领土上发现了相当大的种群。本种与其他多年生向日葵属植物有明显区别，茎无毛，茎上部叶长，有锯齿，互生，根呈纺锤状。据推测，大约30年前，随着花园废弃物或用于垃圾场再耕作的土壤，粗叶红被带到该地区，最近在当地扎根。在调查的头状花序中，未发现发育的种子。毛茛通过根状茎营养繁殖，在有利条件下可以长时间存活。
{"title":"Helianthus Grosseserratus, A New Alien Plant Species in Lithuania","authors":"Z. Gudžinskas, Lukas Petrulaitis","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Helianthus grosseserratus M. Martens was first recorded in Lithuania in 2014. Rather large population of this species was found in Siauliai district (northern Lithuania), in the vicinity of Bridai village, on the territory of recultivated former municipal dump. This species can be easily distinguished from other perennial Helianthus species by glabrous stem, long, serrate, alternate leaves on the upper part of the stem and spindle-shaped roots. Supposedly, H. grosseserratus was brought to the area with garden waste or soil used for dump recultivation about 30 years ago and recently it has established in the locality. In the investigated capitula, no developed seeds were found. H. grosseserratus reproduces vegetatively by rhizomes and under favourable conditions can survive for a long time.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"20 1","pages":"173 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84034620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0011
E. Patova, I. Sterlyagova, Y. Shabalina
Abstract Ten rare species of macroscopic algae were found in freshwater ecosystems of the Pechora and Vychegda River basins, belonging to four divisions: Cyanoprokaryota - 1 species, Rhodophyta - 3, Chrysophyta - 1, Charophy-ta - 5. Some of these were included in the regional Red Data Books of Nenets Autonomous District and Komi Republic, others were recommended to be included. Areas of distribution were marked; algae development conditions and limiting factors were described.
{"title":"Rare Macroscopic Algae Species In The Pechora And Vychegda River Basins (North-Eastern Part Of European Russia)","authors":"E. Patova, I. Sterlyagova, Y. Shabalina","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ten rare species of macroscopic algae were found in freshwater ecosystems of the Pechora and Vychegda River basins, belonging to four divisions: Cyanoprokaryota - 1 species, Rhodophyta - 3, Chrysophyta - 1, Charophy-ta - 5. Some of these were included in the regional Red Data Books of Nenets Autonomous District and Komi Republic, others were recommended to be included. Areas of distribution were marked; algae development conditions and limiting factors were described.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"C-24 12","pages":"77 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72603009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0010
P. Bely, V. Golubkov, A. Tsurykau, E. Sidorovich
Abstract Two hundred and ten specimens of Cetrelia collected in Belarus in 1954-2012 were examined based on morphological and chemical characters. Three closely related species of Cetrelia (C. cetrarioides, C. monachorum and C. olivetorum) were identified in this study. The ecological notes and distribution maps of the detected species in Belarus were provided and their conservation status was discussed.
摘要对1954 ~ 2012年在白俄罗斯采集的210份白尾草标本进行了形态和化学特征分析。本研究鉴定了3个亲缘关系较近的小檗属(C. cetrarioides, C. monachorum和C. olivetorum)。提供了在白俄罗斯检测到的物种的生态记录和分布图，并讨论了它们的保护状况。
{"title":"The Lichen Genus Cetrelia In Belarus: Distribution, Ecology And Conservation","authors":"P. Bely, V. Golubkov, A. Tsurykau, E. Sidorovich","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two hundred and ten specimens of Cetrelia collected in Belarus in 1954-2012 were examined based on morphological and chemical characters. Three closely related species of Cetrelia (C. cetrarioides, C. monachorum and C. olivetorum) were identified in this study. The ecological notes and distribution maps of the detected species in Belarus were provided and their conservation status was discussed.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"30 1","pages":"69 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84834533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0016
A. Yatsyna
Abstract A total of 158 species of lichens, three lichenicolous and three non-lichenized saprobic fungi were identified in 27 old manor parks in Minsk region, Belarus. The number of lichen species per a manor park ranged from 28 to 76 species. Lichenized fungi were collected on eight substrate types, the highest number of epiphytic lichens (77 species) were found on Tilia cordata. Eight lichen species (Agonimia allobata, Anisomeridium polypori, Arthonia arthonioides, Biatoridium monasteriense, Psoroglaena dictyospora, Reichlingia leopoldii, Sclerop-hora farinacea, Sclerophora peronella) were reported for the first time from Belarus.
{"title":"Lichens from Manor Parks in Minsk Region (Belarus)","authors":"A. Yatsyna","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A total of 158 species of lichens, three lichenicolous and three non-lichenized saprobic fungi were identified in 27 old manor parks in Minsk region, Belarus. The number of lichen species per a manor park ranged from 28 to 76 species. Lichenized fungi were collected on eight substrate types, the highest number of epiphytic lichens (77 species) were found on Tilia cordata. Eight lichen species (Agonimia allobata, Anisomeridium polypori, Arthonia arthonioides, Biatoridium monasteriense, Psoroglaena dictyospora, Reichlingia leopoldii, Sclerop-hora farinacea, Sclerophora peronella) were reported for the first time from Belarus.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"64 1","pages":"159 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82188190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0017
D. Kubiak, M. Kossowska
Abstract New locality of a rare lichen species Leptogium teretiusculum (Wallr.) Arnold. from northern Poland was reported. It is the first record of this species on terricolous substrate (soil and plant debris) in Poland. General distribution and ecology of the species was discussed.
{"title":"New Interesting Record of Leptogium Teretiusculum (Collemataceae, Lichenized Ascomycota) from Poland","authors":"D. Kubiak, M. Kossowska","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract New locality of a rare lichen species Leptogium teretiusculum (Wallr.) Arnold. from northern Poland was reported. It is the first record of this species on terricolous substrate (soil and plant debris) in Poland. General distribution and ecology of the species was discussed.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"21 1","pages":"169 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89401706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0009
B. Baral, Geeta Shrestha Vaidya, Bijaya Laxmi Maharjan, J. A. Teixeira da Silva
Abstract The biological and chemical properties of the medicinally important high altitudinal plant Rhododendron anthopogon D. Don were assayed. Extracts at a concentration of 100 mg-ml-1 from leaves and flowers were collectively obtained by employing hot extraction method with different solvents. The antibacterial and antifungal properties were assayed against different clinical bacteria (two Gram+ and six Gram-) and six phytopathogenic fungi. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium were the most inhibited bacteria, while Fusarium eridiforme, a fungus, was highly inhibited. However, all the tested bacteria were resistant to n-hexane and chloroform extracts. Of all the extracts obtained, the ethyl acetate fraction, followed by the hot methanolic extract, was effective against all the pathogenic strains tested. The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values of ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts on bacteria ranged from 1.562 mg-ml” 1 to 25.0 mg-ml” 1, whereas MIC and MFC (minimum fungicidal concentration) values of n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions on fungi varied from 1.562 mg-ml-1 to 12.50 mg-ml-1, which are slightly higher than expected. The extracts showed no activity against Exserohilum turticum and Stenophylum sp. There was a highly significant difference in the zone of inhibition between different extract fractions and bacterial or fungal strains. A preliminary qualitative phyto-chemical assay revealed the presence of polyphenols, reducing compounds, quinones, sterol, triterpenes and fatty acids in leaves and flowers of the test plant. The observed antimicrobial effects are believed to be due to the presence of these compounds. The broad spectrum of activity of the extracts would apparently explain the widespread use of this plant for controlling human pathogenic bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi that widely destroy crops in Nepal. This research reveals R. anthopogon to be a highly promising source of potent antimicrobial drugs that could be used to design therapeutic drugs in the pharmaceutical industry.
{"title":"Phytochemical And Antimicrobial Characterization Of Rhododendron Anthopogon From High Nepalese Himalaya","authors":"B. Baral, Geeta Shrestha Vaidya, Bijaya Laxmi Maharjan, J. A. Teixeira da Silva","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The biological and chemical properties of the medicinally important high altitudinal plant Rhododendron anthopogon D. Don were assayed. Extracts at a concentration of 100 mg-ml-1 from leaves and flowers were collectively obtained by employing hot extraction method with different solvents. The antibacterial and antifungal properties were assayed against different clinical bacteria (two Gram+ and six Gram-) and six phytopathogenic fungi. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium were the most inhibited bacteria, while Fusarium eridiforme, a fungus, was highly inhibited. However, all the tested bacteria were resistant to n-hexane and chloroform extracts. Of all the extracts obtained, the ethyl acetate fraction, followed by the hot methanolic extract, was effective against all the pathogenic strains tested. The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values of ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts on bacteria ranged from 1.562 mg-ml” 1 to 25.0 mg-ml” 1, whereas MIC and MFC (minimum fungicidal concentration) values of n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions on fungi varied from 1.562 mg-ml-1 to 12.50 mg-ml-1, which are slightly higher than expected. The extracts showed no activity against Exserohilum turticum and Stenophylum sp. There was a highly significant difference in the zone of inhibition between different extract fractions and bacterial or fungal strains. A preliminary qualitative phyto-chemical assay revealed the presence of polyphenols, reducing compounds, quinones, sterol, triterpenes and fatty acids in leaves and flowers of the test plant. The observed antimicrobial effects are believed to be due to the presence of these compounds. The broad spectrum of activity of the extracts would apparently explain the widespread use of this plant for controlling human pathogenic bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi that widely destroy crops in Nepal. This research reveals R. anthopogon to be a highly promising source of potent antimicrobial drugs that could be used to design therapeutic drugs in the pharmaceutical industry.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"29 1","pages":"142 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87136830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0019
L. Jarašius, D. Matuleviciute, R. Pakalnis, J. Sendžikaitė, Vaidotas Lygis
Abstract One-third of the former Aukstumala raised bog (western Lithuania) has been preserved as Telmological Reserve since 1995, while the remaining territory is still under active industrial peat mining or are abandoned peat harvesting fields. The present study was carried out in 2013 and aimed to assess long-term human impact on the structure of plant cover and hydrology of Aukstumala raised bog. On the basis of vegetation assessment (Twinspan analysis), four habitat types were identified: i) active raised bog, ii) degraded raised bog drained by ditches, iii) contact zone of the bog and the peat mining fields and iv) recently burnt areas. The largest anthropogenic impact on vegetation cover was found in the degraded raised bog drained by the ditches and in the burnt area, where the proportion of plant species atypical to ombrotrophic raised bogs was the highest. Water electrical conductivity negatively correlated (r = -0.57) with bog water level, whereas correlation between pH and bog water level was weaker (r = -0.38). Water level in the active raised bog was significantly higher than in the rest three habitat types. Electrical conductivity values in the active raised bog were significantly lower compared to the degraded raised bog and burned area habitats. In order to recreate favourable conditions for peat accumulation and natural functioning of bog ecosystem, mean bog water level should be raised at least up to -32 cm (the optimum water level assigned for most of the typical ombrotrophic species fell into the range of -20 - -32 cm).
{"title":"Drainage Impact on Plant Cover and Hydrology of Aukštumala Raised Bog (Western Lithuania)","authors":"L. Jarašius, D. Matuleviciute, R. Pakalnis, J. Sendžikaitė, Vaidotas Lygis","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One-third of the former Aukstumala raised bog (western Lithuania) has been preserved as Telmological Reserve since 1995, while the remaining territory is still under active industrial peat mining or are abandoned peat harvesting fields. The present study was carried out in 2013 and aimed to assess long-term human impact on the structure of plant cover and hydrology of Aukstumala raised bog. On the basis of vegetation assessment (Twinspan analysis), four habitat types were identified: i) active raised bog, ii) degraded raised bog drained by ditches, iii) contact zone of the bog and the peat mining fields and iv) recently burnt areas. The largest anthropogenic impact on vegetation cover was found in the degraded raised bog drained by the ditches and in the burnt area, where the proportion of plant species atypical to ombrotrophic raised bogs was the highest. Water electrical conductivity negatively correlated (r = -0.57) with bog water level, whereas correlation between pH and bog water level was weaker (r = -0.38). Water level in the active raised bog was significantly higher than in the rest three habitat types. Electrical conductivity values in the active raised bog were significantly lower compared to the degraded raised bog and burned area habitats. In order to recreate favourable conditions for peat accumulation and natural functioning of bog ecosystem, mean bog water level should be raised at least up to -32 cm (the optimum water level assigned for most of the typical ombrotrophic species fell into the range of -20 - -32 cm).","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"18 1","pages":"109 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87897700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0012
T. Muthukumar, E. Uma, P. Priyadharsini
Abstract The algal leaf spot, caused by Cephaleuros virescens Kunze, has been reported in a wide range of plant species from the tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Investigations on the presence of algal infection mostly involved wild plants and plantation crops of economic interest. Nevertheless, limited studies have examined cultivated ornamental plants for the presence of C. virescens. During the summer and monsoon seasons of 2011 we examined ten leaves of five plants belonging to 86 ornamental plant taxa in 38 families growing in home gardens in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India for the algal presence. Nine of the 86 plant taxa were found to host the algae C. virescens. Although majority of the investigated species are considered as typical hosts of C. vi-rescens, its infection was found only in nine plant species. Although the incidence of the algal leaf spot disease was in general low, there was significant variation in the frequency of occurrence of the algal lesions and the lesion size among the investigated plant taxa and seasons. On plants of five species (Alpinia purpurata, Ficus benjamina, Ficus elastica “Variegata”, Michelia champaca, Polyalthia longifolia), C. virescens was found during both seasons, while infections on the remaining four species (Aglaonema commutatum, Dieffenbachia maculata, Eucalyptus globulus, Syngonium podophyllum) were observed only during the monsoon. The susceptibility of different plant species in a genus and varieties of a species varied suggesting the host influence on the development of infections in addition to variation attributed to the local environmental conditions.
{"title":"Occurrence of Foliicolous Parasitic Alga Cephaleuros Virescens on Cultivated Ornamental Plants in Southern India","authors":"T. Muthukumar, E. Uma, P. Priyadharsini","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The algal leaf spot, caused by Cephaleuros virescens Kunze, has been reported in a wide range of plant species from the tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Investigations on the presence of algal infection mostly involved wild plants and plantation crops of economic interest. Nevertheless, limited studies have examined cultivated ornamental plants for the presence of C. virescens. During the summer and monsoon seasons of 2011 we examined ten leaves of five plants belonging to 86 ornamental plant taxa in 38 families growing in home gardens in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India for the algal presence. Nine of the 86 plant taxa were found to host the algae C. virescens. Although majority of the investigated species are considered as typical hosts of C. vi-rescens, its infection was found only in nine plant species. Although the incidence of the algal leaf spot disease was in general low, there was significant variation in the frequency of occurrence of the algal lesions and the lesion size among the investigated plant taxa and seasons. On plants of five species (Alpinia purpurata, Ficus benjamina, Ficus elastica “Variegata”, Michelia champaca, Polyalthia longifolia), C. virescens was found during both seasons, while infections on the remaining four species (Aglaonema commutatum, Dieffenbachia maculata, Eucalyptus globulus, Syngonium podophyllum) were observed only during the monsoon. The susceptibility of different plant species in a genus and varieties of a species varied suggesting the host influence on the development of infections in addition to variation attributed to the local environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"136 1","pages":"87 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78257117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0013
M. Janmohammadi, Y. Nasiri, Hamed Zandi, Mohsen Kor-Abdali, N. Sabaghnia
Abstract Semi-arid environments are characterized by low soil organic matter, lack of sufficient precipitation and occurrence of high temperatures at the terminal of growing season. Effects of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (AS) during vegetative and reproductive stages at three farmyard manure (FYM) rates (zero (FYM1), 15 (FYM2), 30 (FYM3)t·ha-1) were studied on the growth and yield components of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) under supplemental irrigation of semi-arid highland in the north-west of Iran. The results revealed that application of farmyard manure especially at high level could significantly increase the morp-ho-physiological traits such as plant height, first pod height, plant canopy spread, rooting depth, the number of root nodules, ground cover, chlorophyll content and relative water content. Although improving effects of SA and AS on growth parameter were less than FYM, plants treated with SA showed better performance than plants treated with AS. A similar status was observed for grain yield and yield component. So the highest grain yield was recorded at FYM by foliar application of SA. It can be concluded that FYM3 as the most promising manure application rate was adopted to improve both root and total above-ground plant growth. Also this work highlights the importance of exogenous application of growth regulators in lentil cropping systems in semi-arid region with the Mediterranean climate.
{"title":"Effect of Manure and Foliar Application of Growth Regulators on Lentil (Lens Culinaris) Performance in Semi-Arid Highland Environment","authors":"M. Janmohammadi, Y. Nasiri, Hamed Zandi, Mohsen Kor-Abdali, N. Sabaghnia","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Semi-arid environments are characterized by low soil organic matter, lack of sufficient precipitation and occurrence of high temperatures at the terminal of growing season. Effects of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (AS) during vegetative and reproductive stages at three farmyard manure (FYM) rates (zero (FYM1), 15 (FYM2), 30 (FYM3)t·ha-1) were studied on the growth and yield components of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) under supplemental irrigation of semi-arid highland in the north-west of Iran. The results revealed that application of farmyard manure especially at high level could significantly increase the morp-ho-physiological traits such as plant height, first pod height, plant canopy spread, rooting depth, the number of root nodules, ground cover, chlorophyll content and relative water content. Although improving effects of SA and AS on growth parameter were less than FYM, plants treated with SA showed better performance than plants treated with AS. A similar status was observed for grain yield and yield component. So the highest grain yield was recorded at FYM by foliar application of SA. It can be concluded that FYM3 as the most promising manure application rate was adopted to improve both root and total above-ground plant growth. Also this work highlights the importance of exogenous application of growth regulators in lentil cropping systems in semi-arid region with the Mediterranean climate.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"53 5 1","pages":"108 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78447278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-02DOI: 10.2478/botlit-2014-0014
J. A. Teixeira da Silva, J. Dobránszki
Abstract The use of ultrasound or sonication has been shown to stimulate growth and development of several plant species. No study exists on the impact of sound on Cymbidium growth in vitro. Using sonication at 60 Hz for several time periods, the response on new protocorm-like body (neo-PLB) formation on Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium was examined, as was the response on in vitro plant organogenesis. Sonication for 5 or 10 min stimulated neo-PLB formation significantly more than plant growth regulator (PGR)-free TC medium without sonication (negative control) and more than 1, 20 or 45 min sonication, but significantly less than control TC medium containing PGRs NAA and Kin (positive control) after 60 days in culture. Sonication, when applied to PLBs, did not influence most plantlet-related growth parameters. Flow cytometric analyses registered an increase in endoreduplication in sonicated PLB tissues. Sonication at 60 Hz has a PLB-promoting effect, but is not as effective as PGRs.
{"title":"Sonication (Ultrasound) Affects In Vitro Growth of Hybrid Cymbidium","authors":"J. A. Teixeira da Silva, J. Dobránszki","doi":"10.2478/botlit-2014-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of ultrasound or sonication has been shown to stimulate growth and development of several plant species. No study exists on the impact of sound on Cymbidium growth in vitro. Using sonication at 60 Hz for several time periods, the response on new protocorm-like body (neo-PLB) formation on Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium was examined, as was the response on in vitro plant organogenesis. Sonication for 5 or 10 min stimulated neo-PLB formation significantly more than plant growth regulator (PGR)-free TC medium without sonication (negative control) and more than 1, 20 or 45 min sonication, but significantly less than control TC medium containing PGRs NAA and Kin (positive control) after 60 days in culture. Sonication, when applied to PLBs, did not influence most plantlet-related growth parameters. Flow cytometric analyses registered an increase in endoreduplication in sonicated PLB tissues. Sonication at 60 Hz has a PLB-promoting effect, but is not as effective as PGRs.","PeriodicalId":9098,"journal":{"name":"Botanica Lithuanica","volume":"17 1","pages":"121 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91168037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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