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Field evaluation of alternative testing strategies for the detection of HIV infection in Beijing. 北京地区HIV感染检测替代检测策略的现场评价。
Fa-Xin Hei, Yan Jiang, Wei-Dong Sun, Qi-Yun Zhang, Qin Zhang, Jing-Rong Ye, Hai-Lin Liu, Hong-Yan Lu, Xiong He

Objective: To identify a cost-efficient alternative antibody testing strategy for screening and confirmation of HIV infection by rapid simple tests (RSTs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).

Methods: Four RSTs (RST1, RST2, RST3, and RST4) and five ELISAs (ELISA1, ELISA2, ELISA3, ELISA4, and ELISA5) were evaluated in two phases by using banked and serum specimens prospectively collected at regional hospitals and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) centers in Beijing. A total of 200 banked serum specimens were included in the first phase, including 62 HIV-positive, 127 HIV-negative and 11 indeterminate specimens. All specimens were tested by four RSTs and five ELISAs respectively. The second phase involved prospective testing of 389 routine specimens, including 92 HIV-positive, 287 HIV-negative, and 10 indeterminate specimens. All the specimens were tested by two RSTs (RST2 and RST4) and three ELISAs (ELISA1, ELISA3, and ELISA4), which were selected for their respective excellent sensitivity and/or specificity. Western blot (WB) was used as a gold standard for confirming the reactivity of all the specimens.

Results: Sensitivity, specificity, and efficacy were calculated for each assay in two phases. In the first phase, four assays (ELISA4, RST2, RST3, and RST4) had a specificity of 100%. For the determination of efficacy, ELISA4, RST2, and RST4 were selected in the second phase. ELISA1 and ELISA3 which have a sensitivity of 95.9% and 93.2% respectively also entered this phase. In the second phase, all the five assays (ELISA1, ELISA3, ELISA4, RST2, and RST4) had a sensitivity and specifity of over 90%. ELISA1 had a sensitivity of 99% and ELISA4 a specificity of 99%.

Conclusion: The sensitivity ELISA1 and the specificit of ELISA4 are comparable to ELISA/WB standard strategy. Application of this alternative testing strategy provides a cost-effective method for determining HIV prevalence in Beijing.

目的:通过快速简单试验(RSTs)和酶联免疫吸附试验(elisa),确定一种经济有效的替代抗体检测策略,用于筛查和确认HIV感染。方法:采用北京地区医院和自愿咨询检测中心前瞻性采集的血清标本,分两阶段对4种rst (RST1、RST2、RST3、RST4)和5种elisa (ELISA1、ELISA2、ELISA3、elis4、elis5)进行评价。第一阶段共纳入200份血清标本,其中62份hiv阳性,127份hiv阴性,11份不确定。所有标本分别采用4种RSTs和5种elisa检测。第二阶段涉及对389例常规标本进行前瞻性检测,包括92例hiv阳性,287例hiv阴性和10例不确定标本。所有标本均采用两种rst (RST2和RST4)和三种elisa (ELISA1、ELISA3和elis4a)进行检测,选择这三种elisa因其各自具有优异的灵敏度和/或特异性。Western blot (WB)作为确认所有标本反应性的金标准。结果:计算了两期检测的灵敏度、特异性和有效性。在第一阶段,四项检测(ELISA4、RST2、RST3和RST4)的特异性为100%。为了确定疗效,第二期选择了ELISA4、RST2和RST4。灵敏度分别为95.9%和93.2%的ELISA1和elis3也进入该阶段。在第二阶段,5种检测方法(ELISA1、ELISA3、ELISA4、RST2和RST4)的敏感性和特异性均超过90%。ELISA1的敏感性为99%,ELISA1的特异性为99%。结论:ELISA1的敏感性和特异性与ELISA/WB标准策略相当。这种替代检测策略的应用为确定北京地区的艾滋病毒流行情况提供了一种经济有效的方法。
{"title":"Field evaluation of alternative testing strategies for the detection of HIV infection in Beijing.","authors":"Fa-Xin Hei,&nbsp;Yan Jiang,&nbsp;Wei-Dong Sun,&nbsp;Qi-Yun Zhang,&nbsp;Qin Zhang,&nbsp;Jing-Rong Ye,&nbsp;Hai-Lin Liu,&nbsp;Hong-Yan Lu,&nbsp;Xiong He","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify a cost-efficient alternative antibody testing strategy for screening and confirmation of HIV infection by rapid simple tests (RSTs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four RSTs (RST1, RST2, RST3, and RST4) and five ELISAs (ELISA1, ELISA2, ELISA3, ELISA4, and ELISA5) were evaluated in two phases by using banked and serum specimens prospectively collected at regional hospitals and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) centers in Beijing. A total of 200 banked serum specimens were included in the first phase, including 62 HIV-positive, 127 HIV-negative and 11 indeterminate specimens. All specimens were tested by four RSTs and five ELISAs respectively. The second phase involved prospective testing of 389 routine specimens, including 92 HIV-positive, 287 HIV-negative, and 10 indeterminate specimens. All the specimens were tested by two RSTs (RST2 and RST4) and three ELISAs (ELISA1, ELISA3, and ELISA4), which were selected for their respective excellent sensitivity and/or specificity. Western blot (WB) was used as a gold standard for confirming the reactivity of all the specimens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sensitivity, specificity, and efficacy were calculated for each assay in two phases. In the first phase, four assays (ELISA4, RST2, RST3, and RST4) had a specificity of 100%. For the determination of efficacy, ELISA4, RST2, and RST4 were selected in the second phase. ELISA1 and ELISA3 which have a sensitivity of 95.9% and 93.2% respectively also entered this phase. In the second phase, all the five assays (ELISA1, ELISA3, ELISA4, RST2, and RST4) had a sensitivity and specifity of over 90%. ELISA1 had a sensitivity of 99% and ELISA4 a specificity of 99%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The sensitivity ELISA1 and the specificit of ELISA4 are comparable to ELISA/WB standard strategy. Application of this alternative testing strategy provides a cost-effective method for determining HIV prevalence in Beijing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9108,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"20 4","pages":"265-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27058961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inhibitory effects of selenium on telomerase activity and hTERT expression in cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells. 硒对镉转化16HBE细胞端粒酶活性和hTERT表达的抑制作用。
Hua-Jie Chen, Ri-An Yu, Ling-Fei He, She-Juan An, Zhi-Gang Wu, Ke-Di Yang, Xue-Min Chen

Objective: To investigate the effects of sodium selenite on telomerase activity and expression of hTERT mRNA in cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells.

Methods: Telomerase activity and expression of genes were measured after cultured cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells were exposed to sodium selenite at different doses (0.625, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00 micromol/L) for 24 hours.

Results: Selenium decreased telomerase activity in cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells. There existed an obvious dose-effect relationship between the selenium concentration and these changes. The expression of hTERT and c-myc mRNA also decreased but the expression of mad1 mRNA increased after exposure to selenium for 24 hours. No difference was found in expression of hTRF1 and hTRF2 mRNA after incubated with sodium selenite for 24 hours, compared with control group.

Conclusion: Selenium inhibits telomerase activity by decreasing hTERT and c-myc mRNA expression and increasing mad1 mRNA expression in cadmium-transformed 16HBE cells and selenium concentration is significantly correlated with these changes.

目的:探讨亚硒酸钠对镉转化16HBE细胞端粒酶活性及hTERT mRNA表达的影响。方法:将培养的镉转化16HBE细胞以不同剂量(0.625、1.25、2.50、5.00微mol/L)亚硒酸钠处理24h,检测细胞端粒酶活性及基因表达。结果:硒降低镉转化16HBE细胞端粒酶活性。硒浓度与这些变化之间存在明显的剂量效应关系。硒处理24小时后,hTERT和c-myc mRNA表达降低,而mad1 mRNA表达升高。与对照组相比,亚硒酸钠孵育24小时后hTRF1和hTRF2 mRNA的表达无显著差异。结论:硒通过降低镉转化16HBE细胞中hTERT和c-myc mRNA的表达,增加mad1 mRNA的表达来抑制端粒酶活性,硒浓度与这些变化有显著相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Degradation of acenaphthene by ozone. 臭氧对苊的降解。
Di Wu, Yong-Jun Xu, Jian-Long Wang

Objective: To investigate the oxidation of acenaphthene (Ace), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with a saturated C-C bond by ozone and to characterize the intermediate products of ozonation.

Methods: Ozone was generated from filtered dry oxygen by an ozone generator and continually bubbled into a reactor containing 1g/L Ace dissolved in an acetonitrile/water solvent mixture (90/10, v/v) at a rate of 0.5 mg/s. HPLC was used to analyze the Ace concentration. Total organic carbon (TOC) was used to measure the amount of water soluble organic compounds. GC-MS was used to identify the ozonized products. Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) of activated sludge was used to characterize the biodegradability of ozonized products.

Results: During the ozonation process, Ace was degraded, new organic compounds were produced and these intermediate products were difficult mineralize by ozone, with increasing TOC of soluble organics. The ozonized products were degraded by activated sludge more easily than Ace.

Conclusion: Ozonation decomposes the Ace and improves its biodegradability. The ozonation combined with biological treatment is probably an efficient and economical way to mineralize acenaphthene in wastewater.

目的:研究臭氧氧化含饱和C-C键的多环芳烃(PAH)苊(Ace)的过程,并对臭氧氧化的中间产物进行表征。方法:臭氧发生器将过滤后的干氧生成臭氧,并以0.5 mg/s的速率,在含有1g/L Ace的反应器中连续起泡,Ace溶于乙腈/水的溶剂混合物(90/10,v/v)中。采用高效液相色谱法测定Ace浓度。总有机碳(TOC)用于测定水溶性有机化合物的含量。采用气相色谱-质谱法对臭氧化产物进行鉴定。利用活性污泥的摄氧量(OUR)来表征臭氧化产物的生物降解性。结果:在臭氧化过程中,Ace被降解,产生新的有机物,这些中间产物难以被臭氧矿化,可溶性有机物TOC增加。活性污泥比Ace更容易降解臭氧化产物。结论:臭氧氧化可使Ace降解,提高其生物降解性。臭氧氧化与生物处理相结合可能是一种经济有效的矿化废水中苊的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Inhibition of excitatory amino acid efflux contributes to protective effects of puerarin against cerebral ischemia in rats. 抑制兴奋性氨基酸外排有助于葛根素对大鼠脑缺血的保护作用。
Xiao-Hong Xu, Xiao-Xiang Zheng, Qiong Zhou, Hui Li

Objective: To investigate whether the protective effects of puerarine (Pur) against cerebral ischemia is associated with depressing the extracellular levels of amino acid transmitters in brain of rats.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 60 min followed by 24 h reperfusion. Pur (50, 100 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered at the onset of MCAO. The infarct rate and edema rate were detected on TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride)-stained coronal sections. The extracellular levels of amino acid transmitters were monitored in striatum of rats with ischemic/reperfusion injury using in vivo microdialysis technique. Furthermore, the protective effects of Pur against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity were detected. Glutamate-induced apoptotic and necrotic cells in hippocampus were estimated by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin-V and PI labeling cells.

Results: Pur (100 mg/kg) significantly decreased infarct size by 31.6% (P<0.05), reduced edema volume (P<0.05), and improved neurological functions (P<0.05) following MCAO. In these rats, the ischemia-induced extracellular levels of aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu), y-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and taurine (Tau) were significantly reduced in striatum of vehicle-treated animals by 54.7%, 56.7%, 75.8%, and 68.1% (P<0.01 and P<0.05). Pur reduced the peak values of Glu and Asp more obviously than those of GABA and Tau, and the rate of Glu/GABA during MCAO markedly decreased in Pur-treated MCAO rats, compared with the vehicle-treated MCAO rats. Meanwhile, apoptosis and necrosis induced by Glu in cultured hippocampal neurons were significantly reduced after Pur treatment.

Conclusion: Acute treatment with Pur at the onset of occlusion significantly depresses ischemia-induced efflux of amino acids, especially, excitotoxicity in the striatum, a mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect on cellular survival.

目的:探讨葛根素对大鼠脑缺血的保护作用是否与抑制大鼠脑细胞外氨基酸递质水平有关。方法:雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠短暂性大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO) 60 min,再灌注24 h。在MCAO发病时给予Pur(50、100 mg/kg, i.p.)。用TTC(2,3,5-三苯四氮氯化铵)染色冠状面检测梗死率和水肿率。采用体内微透析技术监测缺血/再灌注损伤大鼠纹状体细胞外氨基酸递质水平。此外,还检测了Pur对谷氨酸诱导的神经毒性的保护作用。通过流式细胞术分析Annexin-V和PI标记细胞,估计谷氨酸诱导的海马细胞凋亡和坏死。结果:Pur (100 mg/kg)可显著降低梗死面积31.6%(结论:在闭塞发作时急性治疗Pur可显著抑制缺血诱导的氨基酸外排,特别是纹状体的兴奋性毒性,这是其对细胞存活的神经保护作用的机制之一。
{"title":"Inhibition of excitatory amino acid efflux contributes to protective effects of puerarin against cerebral ischemia in rats.","authors":"Xiao-Hong Xu,&nbsp;Xiao-Xiang Zheng,&nbsp;Qiong Zhou,&nbsp;Hui Li","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate whether the protective effects of puerarine (Pur) against cerebral ischemia is associated with depressing the extracellular levels of amino acid transmitters in brain of rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 60 min followed by 24 h reperfusion. Pur (50, 100 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered at the onset of MCAO. The infarct rate and edema rate were detected on TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride)-stained coronal sections. The extracellular levels of amino acid transmitters were monitored in striatum of rats with ischemic/reperfusion injury using in vivo microdialysis technique. Furthermore, the protective effects of Pur against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity were detected. Glutamate-induced apoptotic and necrotic cells in hippocampus were estimated by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin-V and PI labeling cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pur (100 mg/kg) significantly decreased infarct size by 31.6% (P<0.05), reduced edema volume (P<0.05), and improved neurological functions (P<0.05) following MCAO. In these rats, the ischemia-induced extracellular levels of aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu), y-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and taurine (Tau) were significantly reduced in striatum of vehicle-treated animals by 54.7%, 56.7%, 75.8%, and 68.1% (P<0.01 and P<0.05). Pur reduced the peak values of Glu and Asp more obviously than those of GABA and Tau, and the rate of Glu/GABA during MCAO markedly decreased in Pur-treated MCAO rats, compared with the vehicle-treated MCAO rats. Meanwhile, apoptosis and necrosis induced by Glu in cultured hippocampal neurons were significantly reduced after Pur treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute treatment with Pur at the onset of occlusion significantly depresses ischemia-induced efflux of amino acids, especially, excitotoxicity in the striatum, a mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect on cellular survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":9108,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"20 4","pages":"336-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27059812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Blood lipid profile and prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults. 中国成人血脂特征及血脂异常患病率。
Wen-Hua Zhao, Jian Zhang, Yi Zhai, Yue You, Qing-Qing Man, Chun-Rong Wang, Hong Li, Ying Li, Xiao-Guang Yang

Objective: To investigate the plasma lipid levels in a national representative sample of subjects and to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the Chinese population.

Methods: Plasma lipid profile was analyzed using the data obtained during the Chinese national nutrition and health survey (CNHS) in 2002 which involved 14 252 participants at the age of 18 years or older.

Results: The mean levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the participants were 3.81 mmol/L, 1.10 mmol/L, and 1.30 mmol/L, respectively. In the groups of participants at the age of 18-44 years, 45-59 years, and over 60 years the mean TC level was 3.70 mmol/L, 4.09 mmol/L and 4.21 mmol/L, respectively, and the mean TG level was 07 mmol/L, 1.21 mmol/L, 1.20 mmol/L, 1.29 mmol/L, 1.33 mmol/L, and 1.33 mmol/L, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults was 18.6% and 22.2% in males and 15.9% in females. Dyslipidemia prevalence was higher in urban districts than in rural areas (21.0% vs. 17.7%). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL cholesterol was 2.9%, 11.9%, and 7.4% respectively among the participants.

Conclusion: Dyslipidemia has become one of the important health risk factors in the Chinese population. There is no significantly difference in the prevalence of dyslipidemia between the groups of participants at the age of 45-59 years and over 60 years. This study provides important lipid profile data for policy making and guideline development for the prevention of dyslipidemia in the Chinese population.

目的:调查具有全国代表性的受试者的血脂水平,并确定中国人群中血脂异常的患病率。方法:利用2002年全国营养与健康调查(CNHS)中14 252名18岁及以上参与者的血脂资料进行分析。结果:参与者的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)平均水平分别为3.81 mmol/L、1.10 mmol/L和1.30 mmol/L。在18-44岁、45-59岁和60岁以上人群中,TC的平均水平分别为3.70、4.09和4.21 mmol/L, TG的平均水平分别为07、1.21、1.20、1.29、1.33和1.33 mmol/L。中国成人血脂异常患病率男性分别为18.6%和22.2%,女性为15.9%。城市地区的血脂异常患病率高于农村地区(21.0%对17.7%)。高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的患病率分别为2.9%、11.9%和7.4%。结论:血脂异常已成为中国人群重要的健康危险因素之一。在45-59岁和60岁以上的参与者之间,血脂异常的患病率没有显著差异。本研究为中国人群预防血脂异常的政策制定和指南制定提供了重要的血脂数据。
{"title":"Blood lipid profile and prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults.","authors":"Wen-Hua Zhao,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Zhai,&nbsp;Yue You,&nbsp;Qing-Qing Man,&nbsp;Chun-Rong Wang,&nbsp;Hong Li,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Xiao-Guang Yang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the plasma lipid levels in a national representative sample of subjects and to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in the Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma lipid profile was analyzed using the data obtained during the Chinese national nutrition and health survey (CNHS) in 2002 which involved 14 252 participants at the age of 18 years or older.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the participants were 3.81 mmol/L, 1.10 mmol/L, and 1.30 mmol/L, respectively. In the groups of participants at the age of 18-44 years, 45-59 years, and over 60 years the mean TC level was 3.70 mmol/L, 4.09 mmol/L and 4.21 mmol/L, respectively, and the mean TG level was 07 mmol/L, 1.21 mmol/L, 1.20 mmol/L, 1.29 mmol/L, 1.33 mmol/L, and 1.33 mmol/L, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults was 18.6% and 22.2% in males and 15.9% in females. Dyslipidemia prevalence was higher in urban districts than in rural areas (21.0% vs. 17.7%). The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL cholesterol was 2.9%, 11.9%, and 7.4% respectively among the participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dyslipidemia has become one of the important health risk factors in the Chinese population. There is no significantly difference in the prevalence of dyslipidemia between the groups of participants at the age of 45-59 years and over 60 years. This study provides important lipid profile data for policy making and guideline development for the prevention of dyslipidemia in the Chinese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9108,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"20 4","pages":"329-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27058212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of clinic and ambulatory blood pressure in response to antihypertensive drugs in Chinese patients. 中国患者临床与动态血压对降压药反应的比较。
Xiao-Ru Cheng, Yang Wang, Bo Hu, Xuan Jia, Wei Li

Objective: To compare the difference between 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and trough clinic blood pressure (CBP) after 8 weeks of therapy.

Methods: The study used meta-regression analysis to summarize three randomized, double-blind, active controlled trials in order to compare the difference between the magnitude of the reduction in 24-h average ABP and CBP Patients. Chinese patients with seated diastolic blood pressure (SDBP) 95-115 mmHg and ambulatory diastolic blood pressure (ADBP) > or =85 mmHg.

Results: The average age of 126 patients was 47.7 +/- 8.3 years, ranging from 25 to 67 (95 males and 31 females). All regimens reduced 24-h ABP and CBP after 8 weeks of treatment. In the 126 patients the baseline 24-h SBP and DBP values (142.7/94.4 mmHg) were markedly lower than those for clinic values (152.6/102.6 mmHg; P<0.0001). Similarly, the 24-h SBP and DBP values (132.7/87.7 mmHg) in week 8 were markedly lower than the clinic values (138.9/92.7 mmHg; P<0.0001). The differences between the treatment-induced reductions in 24-h ABP and CBP were statistically significant (the difference was 3.7/3.3 mmHg for SBP/DBP, P=0.0069/P<0.0001).

Conclusion: All regimens significantly reduced seated CBP and ABP. The effect of antihypertensive treatment was greater on CBP than that on ABP, suggesting that assessment on effectiveness of an antihypertensive treatment using CBP readings only has to be carefully interpreted, and a more systematic application of ABP monitoring should be adopted.

目的:比较治疗8周后24小时动态血压(ABP)与临床谷底血压(CBP)的差异。方法:本研究采用meta回归分析,总结3项随机、双盲、主动对照试验,比较24小时平均ABP和CBP患者降低幅度的差异。坐位舒张压(SDBP) 95 ~ 115 mmHg,动态舒张压(ADBP) > =85 mmHg的中国患者。结果:126例患者平均年龄47.7±8.3岁,年龄25 ~ 67岁(男95例,女31例)。治疗8周后,所有方案均降低了24小时ABP和CBP。在126例患者中,基线24小时收缩压和舒张压值(142.7/94.4 mmHg)明显低于临床值(152.6/102.6 mmHg;结论:所有方案均可显著降低坐位CBP和ABP,降压治疗对CBP的影响大于对ABP的影响,提示仅使用CBP读数评估降压治疗的有效性需要仔细解读,并应采用更系统的ABP监测。
{"title":"Comparison of clinic and ambulatory blood pressure in response to antihypertensive drugs in Chinese patients.","authors":"Xiao-Ru Cheng,&nbsp;Yang Wang,&nbsp;Bo Hu,&nbsp;Xuan Jia,&nbsp;Wei Li","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the difference between 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and trough clinic blood pressure (CBP) after 8 weeks of therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used meta-regression analysis to summarize three randomized, double-blind, active controlled trials in order to compare the difference between the magnitude of the reduction in 24-h average ABP and CBP Patients. Chinese patients with seated diastolic blood pressure (SDBP) 95-115 mmHg and ambulatory diastolic blood pressure (ADBP) > or =85 mmHg.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of 126 patients was 47.7 +/- 8.3 years, ranging from 25 to 67 (95 males and 31 females). All regimens reduced 24-h ABP and CBP after 8 weeks of treatment. In the 126 patients the baseline 24-h SBP and DBP values (142.7/94.4 mmHg) were markedly lower than those for clinic values (152.6/102.6 mmHg; P<0.0001). Similarly, the 24-h SBP and DBP values (132.7/87.7 mmHg) in week 8 were markedly lower than the clinic values (138.9/92.7 mmHg; P<0.0001). The differences between the treatment-induced reductions in 24-h ABP and CBP were statistically significant (the difference was 3.7/3.3 mmHg for SBP/DBP, P=0.0069/P<0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All regimens significantly reduced seated CBP and ABP. The effect of antihypertensive treatment was greater on CBP than that on ABP, suggesting that assessment on effectiveness of an antihypertensive treatment using CBP readings only has to be carefully interpreted, and a more systematic application of ABP monitoring should be adopted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9108,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"20 4","pages":"279-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27058964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rapid determination of dopamine and its metabolites during in vivo cerebral microdialysis by routine high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. 常规高效液相色谱-电化学检测快速测定体内脑微透析过程中多巴胺及其代谢物。
Fu-Chun Jing, Hong Chen, Chang-Ling Li

Objective: To determine dopamine and its metabolites during in vivo cerebral microdialysis by routine high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

Methods: Microdialysis probes were placed into the right striatum of Wistar rat brains and perfused with Ringer's solution at a rate of 1.5 microL/min. A reverse phase HPLC with electrochemistry was used to assay DA, DOPAC, and HVA after cerebral microdialysates were collected every 20 minutes from awake and freely moving rats. In order to identify the reliability of this method, its selectivity, linear range, precision and accuracy were tested and the contents of DA, DOPAC, and HVA in rat microdialysates were determined.

Results: The standard curve was in good linear at the concentration ranging from 74 nmol/L to 1.5 micromol/L for DOPAC (r2=0.9996), from 66 nmol/L to 1.3 micromol/L for DA (r2=1.0000) and from 69 nmol/L to 1.4 micromol/L for HVA (r2=0.9992). The recovery of DOPAC (0.30, 0.77, 1.49 micromol/L), DA (0.26, 0.69, 1.32 micromol/L), and HVA (0.27, 0.71, 1.37 micromol/L) was 82.00+/-1.70%, 104.00+/-4.00%, 98.70+/-3.10%; 92.30+/-1.50%, 105.30+/-2.30%, 108.00+/-2.00%; 80.00+/-7.80%, 107.69+/-8.00%, and 108.66+/-3.10%, respectively at each concentration. Their intra-day RSD was 3.3%, 3.4%, and 2.5%, and inter-day RSD was 4.2%, 2.3%, and 5.6%, respectively. The mean extracellular concentrations of DOPAC, DA, and HVA in rat brain microdialysates were 10.7, 2.4, and 9.2 micromol/L (n=6), respectively.

Conclusion: The findings of our study suggested that the simple, accurate and stable method can be applied to basic researches of diseases related to monoamines neurotransmitters by cerebral microdialysis in rats.

目的:用常规高效液相色谱-电化学检测法测定体内脑微透析过程中多巴胺及其代谢产物。方法:将微透析探针置于Wistar大鼠脑右侧纹状体,以1.5 μ l /min的速度灌注林格氏液。在清醒和自由活动的大鼠每20分钟采集一次脑微透析液后,采用电化学反相高效液相色谱法测定DA、DOPAC和HVA。为了验证该方法的可靠性,对其选择性、线性范围、精密度和准确度进行了测试,并测定了大鼠微透析液中DA、DOPAC和HVA的含量。结果:DOPAC在74 ~ 1.5 μ mol/L范围内(r2=0.9996), DA在66 ~ 1.3 μ mol/L范围内(r2=1.0000), HVA在69 ~ 1.4 μ mol/L范围内(r2=0.9992),标准曲线呈良好的线性关系。DOPAC(0.30、0.77、1.49 micromol/L)、DA(0.26、0.69、1.32 micromol/L)和HVA(0.27、0.71、1.37 micromol/L)的回收率分别为82.00、104.00、98.70+/-3.10%;92.30+/-1.50%, 105.30+/-2.30%, 108.00+/-2.00%;分别为80.00+/-7.80%、107.69+/-8.00%和108.66+/-3.10%。日内RSD分别为3.3%、3.4%和2.5%,日内RSD分别为4.2%、2.3%和5.6%。大鼠脑微透析液中DOPAC、DA和HVA的平均细胞外浓度分别为10.7、2.4和9.2微mol/L (n=6)。结论:该方法简便、准确、稳定,可应用于大鼠脑微透析单胺类神经递质相关疾病的基础研究。
{"title":"Rapid determination of dopamine and its metabolites during in vivo cerebral microdialysis by routine high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.","authors":"Fu-Chun Jing,&nbsp;Hong Chen,&nbsp;Chang-Ling Li","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine dopamine and its metabolites during in vivo cerebral microdialysis by routine high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Microdialysis probes were placed into the right striatum of Wistar rat brains and perfused with Ringer's solution at a rate of 1.5 microL/min. A reverse phase HPLC with electrochemistry was used to assay DA, DOPAC, and HVA after cerebral microdialysates were collected every 20 minutes from awake and freely moving rats. In order to identify the reliability of this method, its selectivity, linear range, precision and accuracy were tested and the contents of DA, DOPAC, and HVA in rat microdialysates were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The standard curve was in good linear at the concentration ranging from 74 nmol/L to 1.5 micromol/L for DOPAC (r2=0.9996), from 66 nmol/L to 1.3 micromol/L for DA (r2=1.0000) and from 69 nmol/L to 1.4 micromol/L for HVA (r2=0.9992). The recovery of DOPAC (0.30, 0.77, 1.49 micromol/L), DA (0.26, 0.69, 1.32 micromol/L), and HVA (0.27, 0.71, 1.37 micromol/L) was 82.00+/-1.70%, 104.00+/-4.00%, 98.70+/-3.10%; 92.30+/-1.50%, 105.30+/-2.30%, 108.00+/-2.00%; 80.00+/-7.80%, 107.69+/-8.00%, and 108.66+/-3.10%, respectively at each concentration. Their intra-day RSD was 3.3%, 3.4%, and 2.5%, and inter-day RSD was 4.2%, 2.3%, and 5.6%, respectively. The mean extracellular concentrations of DOPAC, DA, and HVA in rat brain microdialysates were 10.7, 2.4, and 9.2 micromol/L (n=6), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of our study suggested that the simple, accurate and stable method can be applied to basic researches of diseases related to monoamines neurotransmitters by cerebral microdialysis in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":9108,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"20 4","pages":"317-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27058210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of photodynamic therapy on the ultrastructure of glioma cells. 光动力疗法对胶质瘤细胞超微结构的影响。
Shao-Shan Hu, Hong-Bin Cheng, Yong-Ri Zheng, Ru-You Zhang, Wu Yue, Han Zhang

Objective: To study the change in ultrastructure of C6 glioma cells after photodynamic therapy (PDT), to compare morphological differences in necrosis and apoptosis before and after PDT treatment, and to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy on the blood brain tumor barrier (BTB) of C6 glioma.

Methods: The model was produced by transplanting C6 glioma cells cultured in vitro using Peterson method into the caudate nuclei of Wister rats. The experiment group received PDT for two weeks after the operation. The sub-cellular structure, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and BTB in both groups were observed under electron microscope.

Results: Apoptosis in different phases and necrosis could be observed in some C6 glioma cells. Swelling occurred on the ultrastructure of cellular organs such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in most of the cells. Damage to the BTB, reduction of the number of cellular organs in endothelial cells of the capillary blood vessels, stretch of the tight junction, and enlargement of the gaps between endothelial cells were also seen in the experiment group. Meanwhile, limited impact on the normal sub-cellular structures and BBB was observed.

Conclusion: PDT could induce apoptosis and necrosis of C6 glioma cells due to the damage to the ultrastructure of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. The weakened function of C6 glioma BTB initiated by PDT makes it possible to perform a combined therapy of PDT and chemotherapy for glioma.

目的:研究光动力治疗(PDT)后C6胶质瘤细胞超微结构的变化,比较PDT治疗前后细胞坏死和细胞凋亡的形态学差异,评价光动力治疗对C6胶质瘤血脑肿瘤屏障(BTB)的影响。方法:将Peterson法体外培养的C6胶质瘤细胞移植到Wister大鼠尾状核中制备模型。实验组术后给予PDT治疗2周。电镜下观察两组大鼠亚细胞结构、血脑屏障(BBB)及BTB。结果:部分C6胶质瘤细胞出现不同分期的凋亡和坏死。大多数细胞的线粒体、内质网等细胞器官的超微结构发生肿胀。实验组BTB损伤,毛细血管内皮细胞内细胞脏器数量减少,紧密连接处拉伸,内皮细胞间隙增大。同时,对正常亚细胞结构和血脑屏障的影响有限。结论:PDT对C6胶质瘤细胞线粒体和内质网超微结构的破坏可导致细胞凋亡和坏死。PDT引起的C6胶质瘤BTB功能减弱,使得PDT联合化疗治疗胶质瘤成为可能。
{"title":"Effects of photodynamic therapy on the ultrastructure of glioma cells.","authors":"Shao-Shan Hu,&nbsp;Hong-Bin Cheng,&nbsp;Yong-Ri Zheng,&nbsp;Ru-You Zhang,&nbsp;Wu Yue,&nbsp;Han Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the change in ultrastructure of C6 glioma cells after photodynamic therapy (PDT), to compare morphological differences in necrosis and apoptosis before and after PDT treatment, and to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy on the blood brain tumor barrier (BTB) of C6 glioma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The model was produced by transplanting C6 glioma cells cultured in vitro using Peterson method into the caudate nuclei of Wister rats. The experiment group received PDT for two weeks after the operation. The sub-cellular structure, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and BTB in both groups were observed under electron microscope.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Apoptosis in different phases and necrosis could be observed in some C6 glioma cells. Swelling occurred on the ultrastructure of cellular organs such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in most of the cells. Damage to the BTB, reduction of the number of cellular organs in endothelial cells of the capillary blood vessels, stretch of the tight junction, and enlargement of the gaps between endothelial cells were also seen in the experiment group. Meanwhile, limited impact on the normal sub-cellular structures and BBB was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PDT could induce apoptosis and necrosis of C6 glioma cells due to the damage to the ultrastructure of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. The weakened function of C6 glioma BTB initiated by PDT makes it possible to perform a combined therapy of PDT and chemotherapy for glioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":9108,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"20 4","pages":"269-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27058962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Screening and characterization of a bioflocculant produced by Aeromonas sp. 气单胞菌生物絮凝剂的筛选与特性研究。
Xiao-Ming Li, Qi Yang, Kai Huang, Guang-Ming Zeng, De-Xiang Liao, Jin-Jing Liu, Wen-Fang Long

Objective: To isolate the bioflocculant-producing bacteria from activated sludge and investigate the flocculating characteristics of the newly isolated bioflocculant.

Methods: Bacteria were screened from activated sludge samples to isolate bioflocculant-producing bacteria. Flocculating activity was used as a measure of the flocculating capability of the bioflocculant.

Results: A novel bioflocculant-producing bacterium was isolated, which was identified to belong to genus Aeromonas and named as Aeromonas sp. N11. Flocculating activity increased in the presence of K+, Na+, or Ca2+. The highest flocculating activities for kaolin suspension were obtained in acidic pH ranges, and optimum pHs for it were 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 with 1 mmol/L K+, Ca+, and Na+ present, respectively. The highest flocculating activities for soil suspension were observed at pH 8.0. The bioflocculant had a good flocculating activity and could achieve a flocculating activity of 92.4% for kaolin suspension at a dosage of only 1 mgxL(-1), and its activity in kaolin suspension was decreased by only 9.2% after heating at 100 degrees C for 60 min.

Conclusion: The bioflocculant produced by Aeromonas sp. N11 has strong flocculating activity and high stability, which affords high possibility of its practical use.

目的:从活性污泥中分离生物絮凝剂产菌,研究新分离的生物絮凝剂的絮凝特性。方法:从活性污泥样品中筛选产生絮凝剂的细菌。以絮凝活性作为衡量絮凝剂絮凝性能的指标。结果:分离到一株新的生物絮凝剂产菌,经鉴定属于气单胞菌属,命名为Aeromonas sp. N11。在K+、Na+和Ca2+的存在下,絮凝活性增加。在酸性pH范围内,高岭土悬浮液的絮凝活性最高,当K+、Ca+和Na+分别为1 mmol/L时,高岭土悬浮液的最佳pH分别为3.0、4.0和5.0。土壤悬浮液的絮凝活性在pH 8.0时最高。该生物絮凝剂具有良好的絮凝活性,在1 mgxL(-1)的投加量下,对高岭土悬浮液的絮凝活性可达92.4%,在100℃加热60 min后,其在高岭土悬浮液中的絮凝活性仅下降9.2%。结论:气单胞菌N11制备的生物絮凝剂絮凝活性强,稳定性高,具有较高的实用化可能性。
{"title":"Screening and characterization of a bioflocculant produced by Aeromonas sp.","authors":"Xiao-Ming Li,&nbsp;Qi Yang,&nbsp;Kai Huang,&nbsp;Guang-Ming Zeng,&nbsp;De-Xiang Liao,&nbsp;Jin-Jing Liu,&nbsp;Wen-Fang Long","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To isolate the bioflocculant-producing bacteria from activated sludge and investigate the flocculating characteristics of the newly isolated bioflocculant.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bacteria were screened from activated sludge samples to isolate bioflocculant-producing bacteria. Flocculating activity was used as a measure of the flocculating capability of the bioflocculant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A novel bioflocculant-producing bacterium was isolated, which was identified to belong to genus Aeromonas and named as Aeromonas sp. N11. Flocculating activity increased in the presence of K+, Na+, or Ca2+. The highest flocculating activities for kaolin suspension were obtained in acidic pH ranges, and optimum pHs for it were 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 with 1 mmol/L K+, Ca+, and Na+ present, respectively. The highest flocculating activities for soil suspension were observed at pH 8.0. The bioflocculant had a good flocculating activity and could achieve a flocculating activity of 92.4% for kaolin suspension at a dosage of only 1 mgxL(-1), and its activity in kaolin suspension was decreased by only 9.2% after heating at 100 degrees C for 60 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The bioflocculant produced by Aeromonas sp. N11 has strong flocculating activity and high stability, which affords high possibility of its practical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9108,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES","volume":"20 4","pages":"274-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27058963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Carboxylic esterase and its associations with long-term effects of organophosphorus pesticides. 羧酸酯酶及其与有机磷农药长期效应的关系。
Zhi-Jun Zhou, Jie Zheng, Qiang-En Wu, Fang Xie

Objective: To examine a) the effect of organophosphorus pesticide exposure on activity of carboxylic esterases, namely butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carboxylesterase (CarbE) and paraoxonase (PonE); and b) the association of polymorphisms of BChE and PonE with individual genetic susceptibility to organophosphorus pesticide exposure.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 75 workers exposed to organophosphorus pesticides and 100 non-exposed controls. The serum activity of these enzymes was measured. Variant forms of BCHE-K, PON-192, and PON-55 were detected. A symptom score was developed as a proxy measure of clinical outcomes.

Results: Activities of both BChE and CarbE were lower in exposed workers (27.3+/-21.65 nmolxh(-1)xmL(-1) and 235.6+/-104.03 nmolxmin(-1)xmL(-1)) than in non-exposed workers (78.313+/-30.354 nmolxh(-1)xmL(-1) and 362.681+/-194.997 nmolxmin(-1)xmL(-1)). The activity of PonE was not associated with exposure status. The AChE activity in the exposed workers with BCHE-K genotype UU (61 cases), genotype UK (12 cases) and genotype KK (2 cases) was 105.05, 84.42 and 79.00 mmolxh(-1)xmL(-1), respectively and the accumulative symptom scores were 3.74, 9.17, and 12.50 accordingly. The AChE activity in the exposed workers with PON-192 genotypeBB (37), genotype AB (27) and genotype AA (11) was 116.8, 91.2, and 72.3 mmolxh(-1)xmL(-1), respectively and the symptom scores were 2.00, 6.74, and 9.73 accordingly. The AChE activity in those with PON-55 genotype LL (70) and genotype LM (5) was 102.4 and 82.8 mmolxh(-1)xmL(-1) and the symptom scores were 4.53 and 9.20. The symptom score was the highest in individuals with abnormal homozygote for each of the three gene loci.

Conclusions: Long-term exposure to organophosphorus pesticides can inhibit BChE and CarbE activity, but exerts no inhibitory effect on PonE activity. Different genotypes of BCHE-K, PON-192, and PON-55 may be related to the severity of adverse health effects of organophosphorus pesticide exposure. Implications of potentially higher susceptibility of workers with mutant homozygotes should be evaluated to reduce health risks.

目的:探讨有机磷农药暴露对丁基胆碱酯酶(BChE)、羧酸酯酶(CarbE)和对氧磷酶(PonE)活性的影响;b) BChE和PonE基因多态性与个体有机磷农药暴露遗传易感性的关系。方法:对75名接触有机磷农药的工人和100名未接触有机磷农药的工人进行横断面研究。测定血清中这些酶的活性。检测到BCHE-K、PON-192和PON-55的变异形式。一个症状评分被开发作为临床结果的代理测量。结果:暴露工人的BChE和CarbE活性(27.3+/-21.65 nmolxh(-1)xmL(-1)和235.6+/-104.03 nmolxmin(-1)xmL(-1))低于未暴露工人(78.313+/-30.354 nmolxh(-1)xmL(-1)和362.681+/-194.997 nmolxmin(-1)xmL(-1))。PonE的活性与暴露状态无关。BCHE-K基因型UU(61例)、UK(12例)和KK(2例)暴露工人的AChE活性分别为105.05、84.42和79.00 mmolxh(-1)xmL(-1),累积症状评分分别为3.74、9.17和12.50。PON-192 bb基因型(37)、AB基因型(27)和AA基因型(11)暴露工人的AChE活性分别为116.8、91.2和72.3 mmmolxh (-1)xmL(-1),症状评分分别为2.00、6.74和9.73。PON-55基因型LL(70)和LM(5)患者的AChE活性分别为102.4和82.8 mmmolxh(-1),症状评分分别为4.53和9.20。三个基因位点的纯合子异常个体的症状评分最高。结论:长期接触有机磷农药可抑制BChE和CarbE活性,但对PonE活性无抑制作用。不同基因型的BCHE-K、PON-192和PON-55可能与有机磷农药暴露对健康的不良影响的严重程度有关。应评估携带突变纯合子的工人的潜在更高易感性的含义,以减少健康风险。
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Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES
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