BMC Cancer最新文献

Introduction: Immuno-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent the backbone for the first line combination therapies of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) but their advantage in the IMDC favourable risk compared to sunitinib is debated. To estimate their efficacy we present an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis METHODS: A systematic literature search from 2015 to 2024 was conducted on the MEDLINE. Five phase III studies, 1088 patients overall, were analyzed aaccording to PRISMA statement. (JAVELIN RENAL 101, CHECKMATE 214, KEYNOTE 426, CHECKMATE 9ER, CLEAR). An IPD meta-analysis was performed by reconstructing IPD from Kaplan-Meier curves. Primary endpoints were Progression Free Survival (PFS) and overall Survival (OS) in favorable risk patients comparing ICI-based therapies versus sunitinib as well as versus each other.

Results: For OS, there was a statistically significant superiority of Pembrolizumab-Lenvatinib rather than Nivolumab-Cabozantinib (HR 0.56 CI 95% 0.34 -0.94), and, even non-statistically significant, vs Pembrolizumab-Axitinib (HR 0.68), vs Avelumab-Axitinib (HR 0.93), and vs Nivolumab + Ipilimumab (HR 0.95). Considering PFS, Pembrolizumab-Lenvatinib showed a significant advantage when compared to Avelumab-Axitinib (HR 0.66 CI 95% 0.46-0.96), to Nivolumab-Cabozantinib (HR 0.61 CI 95% 0.42 -0.90), to Nivolumab-Ipilimumab (HR 0.59 CI 95% 0.42-0.82) and to Pembrolizumab-Axitinib (HR 0.71 CI 95% 0.50 - 0.71).

Conclusions: In IMDC-favorable risk mRCC patients, Pembrolizumab + Lenvatinib showed the best PFS, while none of the arms showed a statistically significant OS advantage versus sunitinib. Further studies would help identify specific patients' subgroups and establish more personalized treatment decisions.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignancy among men and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In this study, a review of the literature was conducted in an attempt to clarify the relationship between green tea catechins (GTCs) and PCa. Published articles were searched using PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. The study analysed the studies, which were mainly conducted between 2016 and 2025. Polyphenolic compounds are attracting increasing attention for their potential roles in cancer prevention and treatment, and many in vitro, animal, and clinical studies have explored the roles of polyphenols in cancer. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the predominant flavanol in green tea (GT), exerts significant therapeutic potential by inhibiting cell cycle progression, modulating oncogenic signalling, and interacting with nuclear transcription factors. These mechanisms suggest that EGCG may aid in PCa prevention and management, with evidence indicating that EGCG suppresses PCa cell proliferation by regulating androgen receptor activity and inducing apoptosis, potentially inhibiting tumour growth and metastasis. However, conclusive evidence supporting the use of EGCG as a therapeutic agent for PCa is still lacking. As detailed in this review, preclinical studies have demonstrated this compound's promising anticancer activity, but clinical evidence on the effects of GTCs remains limited due to the small number of human trials and low sample sizes of studies conducted to date, as well as variability in GT formulations.