Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.342
Ohwokevwo Oa, Ogunka-Nnoka Cu
This study investigated the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Spilanthes filicaulis on liver indices and selected biochemicals on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) rats comprising of five (5) rats per group (90-130 g), were used for the study. Groups 1-3, served as normal, negative (CCl4 induced 1 mL/kg, 1:1 i.p.) and positive (CCl4 induced and administered with silymarin 50 mg/kg) controls respectively. Groups 4-6 were the extract treated groups administered with 250 mg/Kg bw, 500 mg/Kg bw and 750 mg/Kg bw respectively for 14 days. The results of the liver marker enzymes showed a significant decrease (p 0.05) in all treated groups when compared to the negative control group. Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels were significantly increased (p 0.05) in all treated groups when compared to the negative control. The study showed that the ethanol leaf extract of Spilanthes filicaulis has potential of restoring hepatic liver damage.
{"title":"Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Spilanthes filicaulis on Liver Indices and Selected Biochemicals on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatic Damage in Wistar Rats","authors":"Ohwokevwo Oa, Ogunka-Nnoka Cu","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.342","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Spilanthes filicaulis on liver indices and selected biochemicals on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) rats comprising of five (5) rats per group (90-130 g), were used for the study. Groups 1-3, served as normal, negative (CCl4 induced 1 mL/kg, 1:1 i.p.) and positive (CCl4 induced and administered with silymarin 50 mg/kg) controls respectively. Groups 4-6 were the extract treated groups administered with 250 mg/Kg bw, 500 mg/Kg bw and 750 mg/Kg bw respectively for 14 days. The results of the liver marker enzymes showed a significant decrease (p 0.05) in all treated groups when compared to the negative control group. Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) levels were significantly increased (p 0.05) in all treated groups when compared to the negative control. The study showed that the ethanol leaf extract of Spilanthes filicaulis has potential of restoring hepatic liver damage.","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69991822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.335
Fotini A. Trikka, S. Michailidou, A. Makris, A. Argiriou
Plant species of the Sideritis genus are native to the Mediterranean region and widely used through millennia for their medicinal and culinary properties. They are mostly known as mountain tea or Shepard tea and in the last few years, they are on the spotlight due to the production of an enormous variety of bioactive secondary metabolites exerting a wide range of pharmaceutical applications. In the present study the biochemical value and the health promoting components of various indigenous Sideritis species was assessed: S. perforiata subsp. perfoliata, S. perfoliata subsp. athoa, S. syriaca, S. raeseri, S. scardica. A thorough biochemical analysis was conducted, including total phenols and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, amino acids, elemental and polar/non polar metabolite profiling. S. perfoliata subsp. perfoliata had the most diverse and rich terpene profile among the studied species, while its infusion had the highest phenol and flavonoid content thus, showed the highest antioxidant activity. The diverse chemotype of Sideritis species can be used as a guide on the preparation of tea mixes with the desired metabolite content targeting specialized medical applications or may assist on the design of breeding strategies.
{"title":"Biochemical Fingerprint of Greek Sideritis spp.: Implications for Potential Drug Discovery and Advanced Breeding Strategies","authors":"Fotini A. Trikka, S. Michailidou, A. Makris, A. Argiriou","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.335","url":null,"abstract":"Plant species of the Sideritis genus are native to the Mediterranean region and widely used through millennia for their medicinal and culinary properties. They are mostly known as mountain tea or Shepard tea and in the last few years, they are on the spotlight due to the production of an enormous variety of bioactive secondary metabolites exerting a wide range of pharmaceutical applications. In the present study the biochemical value and the health promoting components of various indigenous Sideritis species was assessed: S. perforiata subsp. perfoliata, S. perfoliata subsp. athoa, S. syriaca, S. raeseri, S. scardica. A thorough biochemical analysis was conducted, including total phenols and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, amino acids, elemental and polar/non polar metabolite profiling. S. perfoliata subsp. perfoliata had the most diverse and rich terpene profile among the studied species, while its infusion had the highest phenol and flavonoid content thus, showed the highest antioxidant activity. The diverse chemotype of Sideritis species can be used as a guide on the preparation of tea mixes with the desired metabolite content targeting specialized medical applications or may assist on the design of breeding strategies.","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69991548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.339
O. Ramírez-Marroquín, M. A. Jiménez-Arellanes
Tuberculosis is mainly treated with rifampicin, pyrazinamide, isoniazide, ethambutol and/or streptomycin; however, the first three cause hepato- and nephro-toxicity, then the patient abandons therapy. This cause contributes to the failure of the treatment and favors the appearance of drug-resistant strains. Currently, alternatives are being sought to counteract this hepatic-damage, and medicinal plants, natural compounds and/or biological products are of great interest. In this manuscript we describe current data on the hepato-protective effect from extracts of medicinal plants, compounds isolated from them and biological products that protect against liver damage caused by antitubercular (anti-TB) drugs caused by therapy in patients with tuberculosis (TB). The main consulted databases were: PubMed, Worldwidescience.org, and Scopus, including records between 2000 and 2018 years. Thus, we found many articles about hepatoprotective effect from medicinal plants and polyherbal preparations (Hepatoplus and Liv 52), the majority of these have an important effect (on preclinical study) due to their antioxidant compounds content. In addition, the hepatoprotective activity of biological products and/or natural compounds has been discussed and it should be noted that the quercetin (natural antioxidant compound)/ polyvinylpyrrolidone mixture protects against hepatic damage caused by therapy in patients with TB. Another interesting compound with good effect in TB patients is N-acetylcysteine (an oral marketed mucolytic drug) which could be repurposed as an hepatoprotective drug. We consider that these findings are of great interest for researchers and clinicians, also for the development of new agents as well as for the therapeutic use of hepatoprotective substances in patients with TB, which helps reduce the toxic effects that drugs cause.
{"title":"Hepato-Protective Effect from Natural Compounds, Biological Products and Medicinal Plant Extracts on Antitubercular Drug-Induced Liver Injuries: A Systematic Review","authors":"O. Ramírez-Marroquín, M. A. Jiménez-Arellanes","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.339","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is mainly treated with rifampicin, pyrazinamide, isoniazide, ethambutol and/or streptomycin; however, the first three cause hepato- and nephro-toxicity, then the patient abandons therapy. This cause contributes to the failure of the treatment and favors the appearance of drug-resistant strains. Currently, alternatives are being sought to counteract this hepatic-damage, and medicinal plants, natural compounds and/or biological products are of great interest. In this manuscript we describe current data on the hepato-protective effect from extracts of medicinal plants, compounds isolated from them and biological products that protect against liver damage caused by antitubercular (anti-TB) drugs caused by therapy in patients with tuberculosis (TB). The main consulted databases were: PubMed, Worldwidescience.org, and Scopus, including records between 2000 and 2018 years. Thus, we found many articles about hepatoprotective effect from medicinal plants and polyherbal preparations (Hepatoplus and Liv 52), the majority of these have an important effect (on preclinical study) due to their antioxidant compounds content. In addition, the hepatoprotective activity of biological products and/or natural compounds has been discussed and it should be noted that the quercetin (natural antioxidant compound)/ polyvinylpyrrolidone mixture protects against hepatic damage caused by therapy in patients with TB. Another interesting compound with good effect in TB patients is N-acetylcysteine (an oral marketed mucolytic drug) which could be repurposed as an hepatoprotective drug. We consider that these findings are of great interest for researchers and clinicians, also for the development of new agents as well as for the therapeutic use of hepatoprotective substances in patients with TB, which helps reduce the toxic effects that drugs cause.","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69991990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2167-0412.1000329
M. B. Camara, A. S. Rabelo, Jéssica Borghesi, F. Bessa, R. Barreto, M. Miglino, F. J. Carneiro, A. J. C. Filho
Brazil is the country with the greatest biodiversity; however, most of the plants are used empirically, without scientific evidence. Luehea candicans, popularly called as-acoita-cavalo, is a specie characteristic of the Brazilian Cerrado Biome, used for fight hemorrhages, dysenteries, diarrhea, rheumatism and tumors. On the other hands, there are practically no studies about chemical composition and assess of their biological effects. Thus, the aim of this investigation was characterize and evaluate the antitumor potential of crude hydroethanolic extract from the bare stem parts of this plant, as well as its ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions. For the characterization, the crude extract was submitted to qualitative (phytochemical screening and analysis by direct flow injection by mass spectrometry-FIA-ESI-IT-MS) and quantitative tests (determination of phenolic compounds and determination of total flavonoids and anthocyanins). In order to study the antitumor potential, MTT technique was used to evaluate the cellular metabolism of canine breast cancer tumor cells (TCM) and osteosarcoma (OST). The results demonstrated the presence of polyphenols, mainly flavonoids and tannins. In addition, were observed an increase in metabolism when TCM and OST cells were incubated with all extracts of L. candicans. Based on this, L. candicans in these tumor types should be careful use, and that in vivo studies should be performed to prove the true effects of this plant.
巴西是生物多样性最丰富的国家;然而，大多数植物都是凭经验使用的，没有科学依据。Luehea candicans，通常被称为acoita-cavalo，是巴西塞拉多生物群的一个特征物种，用于治疗出血、痢疾、腹泻、风湿病和肿瘤。另一方面，几乎没有对其化学成分和生物效应的评估研究。因此，本研究的目的是表征和评价该植物裸茎部分的粗水乙醇提取物及其乙酸乙酯和甲醇组分的抗肿瘤潜力。为了进行表征，将粗提物进行定性(通过质谱- fia - esi - it - ms直接流动注射进行植物化学筛选和分析)和定量(测定酚类化合物和测定总黄酮和花青素)。为了研究其抗肿瘤潜能，采用MTT技术对犬乳腺癌肿瘤细胞(TCM)和骨肉瘤(OST)的细胞代谢进行了研究。结果表明，黄酮类化合物和单宁类化合物主要为多酚类物质。此外，我们还观察到，当TCM和OST细胞与加拿大乳杆菌的所有提取物孵育时，代谢增加。基于此，加拿大乳杆菌在这些肿瘤类型中应谨慎使用，并应进行体内研究以证明该植物的真实作用。
{"title":"Luehea candicans Increase In Vitro Cell Cancer Metabolism Even with High Polyphenols Content","authors":"M. B. Camara, A. S. Rabelo, Jéssica Borghesi, F. Bessa, R. Barreto, M. Miglino, F. J. Carneiro, A. J. C. Filho","doi":"10.4172/2167-0412.1000329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0412.1000329","url":null,"abstract":"Brazil is the country with the greatest biodiversity; however, most of the plants are used empirically, without scientific evidence. Luehea candicans, popularly called as-acoita-cavalo, is a specie characteristic of the Brazilian Cerrado Biome, used for fight hemorrhages, dysenteries, diarrhea, rheumatism and tumors. On the other hands, there are practically no studies about chemical composition and assess of their biological effects. Thus, the aim of this investigation was characterize and evaluate the antitumor potential of crude hydroethanolic extract from the bare stem parts of this plant, as well as its ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions. For the characterization, the crude extract was submitted to qualitative (phytochemical screening and analysis by direct flow injection by mass spectrometry-FIA-ESI-IT-MS) and quantitative tests (determination of phenolic compounds and determination of total flavonoids and anthocyanins). In order to study the antitumor potential, MTT technique was used to evaluate the cellular metabolism of canine breast cancer tumor cells (TCM) and osteosarcoma (OST). The results demonstrated the presence of polyphenols, mainly flavonoids and tannins. In addition, were observed an increase in metabolism when TCM and OST cells were incubated with all extracts of L. candicans. Based on this, L. candicans in these tumor types should be careful use, and that in vivo studies should be performed to prove the true effects of this plant.","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70799283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.333
A. Khizar, Rizwani Gh, Z Hina, H. Shareef, Taqi Mm
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus is on steady rise, though several therapeutic options are available to treat diabetes mellitus. Medicinal plants are in use alongside prescribed therapies; however more research on medicinal plants is warranted to retrieve their anti-diabetic mechanisms to develop low cost, safe and effective anti-diabetic drugs. Aim of current study is to (a) determine antidiabetic and hypolipidemic potential of organic extract of Musa paradisiaca L. (b) to retrieve underlying mechanisms responsible for anti-diabetic effects triggered by the plant. Alloxan was used to induce diabetes mellitus in rates. Two standard drugs (Glibenclamide 2.5 mg/kg, insulin 4 U/200 mg/dl blood glucose) and various doses of organic plant extract from different morphological parts (100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) were administered orally to the groups of healthy and diabetic rats for 20 days. ANOVA followed by t-test was used for the statistical analysis. Organic extract from Musa paradisiaca L. flowers and tracheal fluid have significant hypoglycemic activity. Significantly reduce the levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) while significantly enhance healthy cholesterol (HDL) levels in diabetes rats. Moreover, Organic extract from Musa paradisiaca L. flowers and tracheal fluid may restore normal morphology in the diabetic rats. It is concluded that organic extract of the plant trigger hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities possibly through restoring normal morphology and the pancreatic performance in diabetic rats.
{"title":"Musa paradisiaca L. May Restore Pancreatic Morphology and Function to Trigger its Anti-Diabetic and Hypolipidemic Activities in Alloxon-Induce Diabetic Rats","authors":"A. Khizar, Rizwani Gh, Z Hina, H. Shareef, Taqi Mm","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.333","url":null,"abstract":"Prevalence of diabetes mellitus is on steady rise, though several therapeutic options are available to treat diabetes mellitus. Medicinal plants are in use alongside prescribed therapies; however more research on medicinal plants is warranted to retrieve their anti-diabetic mechanisms to develop low cost, safe and effective anti-diabetic drugs. Aim of current study is to (a) determine antidiabetic and hypolipidemic potential of organic extract of Musa paradisiaca L. (b) to retrieve underlying mechanisms responsible for anti-diabetic effects triggered by the plant. Alloxan was used to induce diabetes mellitus in rates. Two standard drugs (Glibenclamide 2.5 mg/kg, insulin 4 U/200 mg/dl blood glucose) and various doses of organic plant extract from different morphological parts (100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) were administered orally to the groups of healthy and diabetic rats for 20 days. ANOVA followed by t-test was used for the statistical analysis. Organic extract from Musa paradisiaca L. flowers and tracheal fluid have significant hypoglycemic activity. Significantly reduce the levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) while significantly enhance healthy cholesterol (HDL) levels in diabetes rats. Moreover, Organic extract from Musa paradisiaca L. flowers and tracheal fluid may restore normal morphology in the diabetic rats. It is concluded that organic extract of the plant trigger hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities possibly through restoring normal morphology and the pancreatic performance in diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69990787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.330
Naheed Bibi
The inhabitants of Laspur valley of Chitral have always been used plant resources for medicine, human and other animals food, vegetable, housing, timber, condiment, facial mask, fuel, ornamental and other multi purposes, from many years ago. A total of 212 species belonging to 55 families including 2 gymnosperms families (4 species), 5 monocots families (24 species) as well as 48 dicots families (184 species) have been recorded from the research area during 2013-2014. Family Asteraceae contributed the greatest number of species (30), after that Fabaceae (20 species), Poaceae (15 species), Brassicaceae (14 species), Rosaceae (12 species), Apiaceae (9 species), Solanaceae, Ranunculaceae and Salicaceae (each with 7 species), Lamiaceae (6 species), Polygonaceae (5 species), Amaranthaceae and Malvaceae (each with 4 species) and Cupressaceae, Boraginaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucarbitaceae, Grossulariaceae, Cyperaceae and Alliaceae (each with 3 species). All the other families are represented by less than 3 species. Ethnobotanically 155 plants were used as fodder including gymnosperms with one species and angiosperms with 154 species (135 dicots and 19 monocots), medicinal 100 species including 2 species of gymnosperms and 98 species of angiosperms (89 dicots and 9 monocots), fire wood 47 species including 4 gymnosperms and 43 angiosperms, vegetables 36 species of angiosperms, ornamental 31 species among which gymnosperms have one species and 30 species in an angiosperms (27 dicots and 3 monocots), timber 17 species including one species of gymnosperms and 16 species of angiosperms, fruit 10 species of angiosperms, facial mask/facial cream 10 species (9 angiosperms and 1 gymnosperm). Habit wise 157 plant species are recorded as herbs, 32 species as shrubs while 23 species trees. Totally 85 plants are cultivable and 127 plants are wild. During collection most of the plants are uprooted due to unawareness among communities. So there is a crucial need of conservation and protection of flora.
{"title":"Profile of the Medicinal and Economic Plants of Laspur Valley Chitral, Pakistan","authors":"Naheed Bibi","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.330","url":null,"abstract":"The inhabitants of Laspur valley of Chitral have always been used plant resources for medicine, human and other animals food, vegetable, housing, timber, condiment, facial mask, fuel, ornamental and other multi purposes, from many years ago. A total of 212 species belonging to 55 families including 2 gymnosperms families (4 species), 5 monocots families (24 species) as well as 48 dicots families (184 species) have been recorded from the research area during 2013-2014. Family Asteraceae contributed the greatest number of species (30), after that Fabaceae (20 species), Poaceae (15 species), Brassicaceae (14 species), Rosaceae (12 species), Apiaceae (9 species), Solanaceae, Ranunculaceae and Salicaceae (each with 7 species), Lamiaceae (6 species), Polygonaceae (5 species), Amaranthaceae and Malvaceae (each with 4 species) and Cupressaceae, Boraginaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucarbitaceae, Grossulariaceae, Cyperaceae and Alliaceae (each with 3 species). All the other families are represented by less than 3 species. Ethnobotanically 155 plants were used as fodder including gymnosperms with one species and angiosperms with 154 species (135 dicots and 19 monocots), medicinal 100 species including 2 species of gymnosperms and 98 species of angiosperms (89 dicots and 9 monocots), fire wood 47 species including 4 gymnosperms and 43 angiosperms, vegetables 36 species of angiosperms, ornamental 31 species among which gymnosperms have one species and 30 species in an angiosperms (27 dicots and 3 monocots), timber 17 species including one species of gymnosperms and 16 species of angiosperms, fruit 10 species of angiosperms, facial mask/facial cream 10 species (9 angiosperms and 1 gymnosperm). Habit wise 157 plant species are recorded as herbs, 32 species as shrubs while 23 species trees. Totally 85 plants are cultivable and 127 plants are wild. During collection most of the plants are uprooted due to unawareness among communities. So there is a crucial need of conservation and protection of flora.","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69991189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-25DOI: 10.4172/2167-0412.1000292
M. Abud, A. L. Nardello, J. F. Torti
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia, which causes secondary pathophysiological changes in multiple organ systems. Several times the Plantaginaceae family have been reported as crude drugs with hypoglycemic effect mainly attributed to their high fiber content [5]. Objective: The current study was hypothesized to investigate the beneficial effects of methanol extract from the aerial part of Plantago major (Pm) on hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses Alloxan induced diabetes mellitus, and in normal rats. Materials and methods Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 100mg/kg body weight Alloxan. Normal and Diabetic rats were administered with distilled water, methanol extract of Plantago major and glibenclamide, and then, compared in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Results Methanol extract of P. major was evaluated in OGTT in either normal or moderate or severe Alloxan induced diabetic rats (100 mg / kg -by intraperitoneal injection-). Oral administration of methanol extracts at doses of 500mg/kg body weight showed that the extract promotes glucose uptake in rats with the efficient insulin-secreting pancreas secreting pancreas (that have pancreatic cells capable of secreting insulin). Conclusion The present study demonstrates that Plantago major exerts antidiabetic activity by stimulating secretion of insulin and producing a hypoglycemic effect. These results suggest that the methanol extract from the entire Pm plant will be useful in the treatment of patients with impaired glucose tolerance.
{"title":"Hypoglycemic Effect due to Insulin Stimulation with Plantago major in Wistar Rats.","authors":"M. Abud, A. L. Nardello, J. F. Torti","doi":"10.4172/2167-0412.1000292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0412.1000292","url":null,"abstract":"Background\u0000Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia, which causes secondary pathophysiological changes in multiple organ systems. Several times the Plantaginaceae family have been reported as crude drugs with hypoglycemic effect mainly attributed to their high fiber content [5]. Objective: The current study was hypothesized to investigate the beneficial effects of methanol extract from the aerial part of Plantago major (Pm) on hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses Alloxan induced diabetes mellitus, and in normal rats.\u0000\u0000\u0000Materials and methods\u0000Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 100mg/kg body weight Alloxan. Normal and Diabetic rats were administered with distilled water, methanol extract of Plantago major and glibenclamide, and then, compared in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT).\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Methanol extract of P. major was evaluated in OGTT in either normal or moderate or severe Alloxan induced diabetic rats (100 mg / kg -by intraperitoneal injection-). Oral administration of methanol extracts at doses of 500mg/kg body weight showed that the extract promotes glucose uptake in rats with the efficient insulin-secreting pancreas secreting pancreas (that have pancreatic cells capable of secreting insulin).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000The present study demonstrates that Plantago major exerts antidiabetic activity by stimulating secretion of insulin and producing a hypoglycemic effect. These results suggest that the methanol extract from the entire Pm plant will be useful in the treatment of patients with impaired glucose tolerance.","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"6 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48405434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01Epub Date: 2015-06-08DOI: 10.4172/2167-0412.S2-003
N Tsabang, C G Yedjou, Lwd Tsambang, A T Tchinda, N Donfagsiteli, G A Agbor, Pbb Tchounwou, B A Nkongmeneck
Medicinal plants have served as valuable starting materials for drug development in both developing and developed countries. Today, more than 80% of the people living in Africa were depended on medicinal plants based medicines to satisfy their healthcare needs. The main goal of the present study was to collect and document information on herbal remedies traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes and/or hypertension in Cameroon. To reach this objective, data were collected from 328 patients who have been diagnosed at least once by a physician as diabetics and/or hypertension patients. One hundred and eighty two (182) among them took for a period of 10 days different varieties of medicinal plants which were prepared in form of decoction, maceration and infusion and administered orally twice or three times daily. As result, 70% of patients who used plants were relieved at the end of the treatment. Thirty-three plants have been recorded and documented for the treatment of diabetes and/or hypertension. The results of this study can stimulate a sustainable development by providing the basis for drugs discovery and by documenting biodiversity for long time exploitation.
{"title":"Treatment of Diabetes and/or Hypertension Using Medicinal Plants in Cameroon.","authors":"N Tsabang, C G Yedjou, Lwd Tsambang, A T Tchinda, N Donfagsiteli, G A Agbor, Pbb Tchounwou, B A Nkongmeneck","doi":"10.4172/2167-0412.S2-003","DOIUrl":"10.4172/2167-0412.S2-003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicinal plants have served as valuable starting materials for drug development in both developing and developed countries. Today, more than 80% of the people living in Africa were depended on medicinal plants based medicines to satisfy their healthcare needs. The main goal of the present study was to collect and document information on herbal remedies traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes and/or hypertension in Cameroon. To reach this objective, data were collected from 328 patients who have been diagnosed at least once by a physician as diabetics and/or hypertension patients. One hundred and eighty two (182) among them took for a period of 10 days different varieties of medicinal plants which were prepared in form of decoction, maceration and infusion and administered orally twice or three times daily. As result, 70% of patients who used plants were relieved at the end of the treatment. Thirty-three plants have been recorded and documented for the treatment of diabetes and/or hypertension. The results of this study can stimulate a sustainable development by providing the basis for drugs discovery and by documenting biodiversity for long time exploitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"Suppl 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4636212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70799029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.328
Olusola Se, S Fakoya, Aderoboye Oy
Due to an increase in the rate at which microorganism are resistant to antibiotics, there is need to assess the antimicrobial effect of some medicinal plant extracts in the treatment of fish pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus substilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhi and Aeromonas hydrophila. The antimicrobial activity and inhibition diameter of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of pawpaw and fluted pumpkin leaves were evaluated against eight (8) clinical strains of bacteria isolated from Clarias gariepinus using agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration and phytochemical screening of these plants were determined using standard methods. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the present study showed that the zone of inhibition varies with the bacteria and the type of extracts. Ethanolic extract has better diameter of zone of inhibition than the methanolic extracts with highest zone of inhibition recorded in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.00 ± 0.02 mm) for fluted pumpkin leaves extracts and the lowest in Staphylococcus epidermidis (8.00 ± 0.01 mm) and Aeromonas hydrophilia (8.00 ± 0.00 mm) for fluted pumpkin leaves extracts respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration of methanolic and ethanolic extract of pawpaw and fluted pumpkin leaves on the pathogenic bacteria tested were 425 μg/ml, and 850 μg/ml respectively. Phytochemical screening of these plants revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, cyanogenic glucosides and amino acid and proteins. The result have shown that methanolic and ethanolic extracts of pawpaw and fluted pumpkin leaves extracts possess antimicrobial functions and serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against fish pathogens.
{"title":"Phytobiotics Effects of Pawpaw (Carica papaya) Leaves and Fluted Pumpkin (Telferia ocidentalis) Leaves Extracts against Certain Aquatic Pathogens","authors":"Olusola Se, S Fakoya, Aderoboye Oy","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.19.8.328","url":null,"abstract":"Due to an increase in the rate at which microorganism are resistant to antibiotics, there is need to assess the antimicrobial effect of some medicinal plant extracts in the treatment of fish pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus substilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella typhi and Aeromonas hydrophila. The antimicrobial activity and inhibition diameter of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of pawpaw and fluted pumpkin leaves were evaluated against eight (8) clinical strains of bacteria isolated from Clarias gariepinus using agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration and phytochemical screening of these plants were determined using standard methods. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the present study showed that the zone of inhibition varies with the bacteria and the type of extracts. Ethanolic extract has better diameter of zone of inhibition than the methanolic extracts with highest zone of inhibition recorded in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.00 ± 0.02 mm) for fluted pumpkin leaves extracts and the lowest in Staphylococcus epidermidis (8.00 ± 0.01 mm) and Aeromonas hydrophilia (8.00 ± 0.00 mm) for fluted pumpkin leaves extracts respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration of methanolic and ethanolic extract of pawpaw and fluted pumpkin leaves on the pathogenic bacteria tested were 425 μg/ml, and 850 μg/ml respectively. Phytochemical screening of these plants revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, cyanogenic glucosides and amino acid and proteins. The result have shown that methanolic and ethanolic extracts of pawpaw and fluted pumpkin leaves extracts possess antimicrobial functions and serve as a source of antimicrobial agents against fish pathogens.","PeriodicalId":91359,"journal":{"name":"Medicinal & aromatic plants","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69991182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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