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Software inspections, reviews & walkthroughs 软件检查、审查和演练
M. Ciolkowski, O. Laitenberger, H. D. Rombach, F. Shull, D. Perry
Presents some of the history of software inspections, walkthroughs and reviews. This shows that inspections are related to research efforts back in the 1970s. An example success story is briefly described to illustrate how research has impacted industrial software development practice in this area. The success story was the result of researchers and practitioners working closely together. Finally, challenges and questions as well as areas for further work are outlined. As a summary statement, one can say that, in the inspection area, research did have and still has impact on industrial practice.
介绍一些软件检查、演练和评审的历史。这表明检查与20世纪70年代的研究工作有关。本文简要地描述了一个成功的例子,以说明研究如何影响这个领域的工业软件开发实践。这个成功的故事是研究人员和实践者密切合作的结果。最后,概述了挑战和问题以及进一步工作的领域。综上所述,我们可以说,在检验领域,研究已经并且仍然对工业实践产生了影响。
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引用次数: 23
Dependability of embedded systems 嵌入式系统的可靠性
J. Knight
Almost all modem, engineered systems depend on computers for their correct operation. The cost, size, and power requirements of microprocessors have dropped to a point where it is both feasible and desirable to embed computers into everything from people to toasters. Obviously computers embedded in people must operate correctly because they are providing what is presumably some form of medical service. But even computers embedded in toasters have to operate correctly because incorrect operation might cause a fire. A serious though less obvious issue with embedded computers, even in appliances, is the financial loss from failure. Recalling a mass-produced appliance to repair a defective embedded computer, correcting the software for example, can be financially devastating for the manufacturer. Embedded systems control external equipment, and significant physical damage can occur as a result of defective software. It is important that software engineers understand the major elements of current technology in the field of dependability as it applies to embedded systems, yet this material tends to be unfamiliar to researchers and practitioners alike. Researchers are often concerned in one way or another with some aspect of what is mistakenly called software "reliability". All practitioners are concerned with the "reliability" of the software that they produce but researchers and practitioners tend not to understand fully the broader impact of their work. A lot of research, such as that on testing, is concerned directly with software dependability. Understanding dependability more fully allows researchers to be more effective. Similarly, practitioners can direct their efforts during development more effectively if they have a better understanding of dependability. Software by itself is benign. Only when it is being used in an application system does the role of software become fully defined. Thus software is just a component of a system, and the dependability of an embedded system depends on how systems engineering information is used in software specification and development.
几乎所有现代工程系统都要依靠计算机才能正确运行。微处理器的成本、尺寸和功率需求已经下降到一个既可行又理想的程度,将计算机嵌入从人到烤面包机的一切事物中。显然,植入人体内的计算机必须正常运行,因为它们提供的可能是某种形式的医疗服务。但即使是嵌入烤面包机的电脑也必须正确操作,因为不正确的操作可能会导致火灾。嵌入式计算机的一个严重但不太明显的问题是,即使是在家用电器中,故障也会造成经济损失。召回大量生产的电器来修理有缺陷的嵌入式计算机,例如,纠正软件,可能会给制造商带来巨大的经济损失。嵌入式系统控制外部设备,严重的物理损坏可能是软件缺陷的结果。重要的是,软件工程师理解当前技术在可靠性领域的主要元素,因为它适用于嵌入式系统,然而这些材料往往是不熟悉的研究人员和从业者一样。研究人员经常以这样或那样的方式关注被错误地称为软件“可靠性”的某些方面。所有的实践者都关心他们所生产的软件的“可靠性”,但是研究者和实践者往往不能完全理解他们的工作的广泛影响。许多研究,例如测试研究,都直接与软件的可靠性有关。更充分地了解可靠性可以使研究人员更有效。类似地,如果从业者对可靠性有更好的理解,他们可以在开发期间更有效地指导他们的工作。软件本身是良性的。只有在应用系统中使用软件时,软件的角色才被完全定义。因此,软件只是系统的一个组成部分,嵌入式系统的可靠性取决于如何在软件规范和开发中使用系统工程信息。
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引用次数: 9
Integrating hundred's of products through one architecture: the industrial IT architecture 通过一个体系结构集成数百种产品:工业IT体系结构
L. Bratthall, R. V. Geest, H. Hofmann, E. Jellum, Z. Korendo, R. Martinez, M. Orkisz, C. Zeidler, J. Andersson
During the last few years, software product line engineering has gained significant interest as a way for creating software products faster and cheaper. But what architecture is needed to integrate huge amounts of products, from different product lines? This paper describes such an architecture and its support processes and tools. Through cases, it is illustrated how the architecture is used to integrate new --- and old --- products in such diverse integration projects as vessel motion control, airport baggage handling systems, pulp&paper and oil&gas, in a very large organization. However, in a large organization it is a challenge to make everyone follow an architecture. Steps taken to ensure global architectural consistency are presented. It is concluded that a single architecture can be used to unify development in a huge organization, where the distributed development practices otherwise may prohibit integration of various products.
在过去的几年中,软件产品线工程作为一种更快更便宜地创建软件产品的方法获得了极大的兴趣。但是需要什么样的架构来集成来自不同产品线的大量产品呢?本文描述了这样一个体系结构及其支持过程和工具。通过案例,说明了该架构如何在船舶运动控制、机场行李处理系统、纸浆造纸和石油天然气等不同的集成项目中集成新旧产品。然而,在大型组织中,让每个人都遵循架构是一个挑战。介绍了为确保全局体系结构一致性而采取的步骤。得出的结论是,一个单一的体系结构可以用于统一大型组织中的开发,否则分布式开发实践可能会禁止各种产品的集成。
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引用次数: 37
Tutorial: introduction to the rational unified process® 教程:介绍rational统一过程®
Philippe B Kruchten
The Rational Unified Process® (RUP®) is a software engineering process framework. It captures many of the best practices in modern software development in a form that is suitable for a wide range of projects and organizations. It embeds object-oriented techniques and uses the UML as the principal notation for the several models that are built during the development. The RUP is also an open process framework that allows software organizations to tailor the process to their specific need, and to capture their own specific process know-how in the form of process components. Many process components are now developed by various organizations to cover different domains, technologies, tools, or type of development, and these components can be assembled to rapidly compose a suitable process. This tutorial will introduce the basic concepts and principles, which lie under the RUP framework, and show concrete examples of its usage.
Rational统一过程®(RUP®)是一个软件工程过程框架。它以一种适合于广泛的项目和组织的形式捕获了现代软件开发中的许多最佳实践。它嵌入了面向对象技术,并使用UML作为开发过程中构建的几个模型的主要符号。RUP也是一个开放的过程框架,它允许软件组织根据他们的特定需求裁剪过程,并以过程组件的形式获取他们自己的特定过程知识。许多过程组件现在由不同的组织开发,以覆盖不同的领域、技术、工具或开发类型,并且这些组件可以被组装起来以快速组成一个合适的过程。本教程将介绍RUP框架下的基本概念和原则,并展示其使用的具体示例。
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引用次数: 14
Mixin'Up components Mixin 'Up组件
V. Sreedhar
Recently we proposed a language called ACOEL (A Component-Oriented Extension Language) for abstracting and composing software components. Components in ACOEL are black-box components, and each component consists of (1) an internal implementation containing classes, methods, and fields that is hidden to the external world, and (2) an external contract consisting of a set of typed input and output ports. Components in ACOEL interact with each other only via these ports. In this paper we extend ACOEL in two directions: (1) use mixins to customize the services provided by a component without exposing its internal implementation, (2) add support for virtual types and sub-type relation among components. We will show how mixins and virtual types together allows us to build adaptable applications based on black-box component principles.
最近,我们提出了一种称为ACOEL(面向组件的扩展语言)的语言,用于抽象和组合软件组件。ACOEL中的组件是黑盒组件,每个组件由(1)包含类、方法和对外部世界隐藏的字段的内部实现和(2)由一组类型输入和输出端口组成的外部契约组成。acel中的组件仅通过这些端口相互交互。在本文中,我们从两个方向对acel进行了扩展:(1)使用mixins来定制组件提供的服务,而不暴露其内部实现;(2)增加对组件之间的虚拟类型和子类型关系的支持。我们将展示混合和虚拟类型如何结合在一起,使我们能够基于黑盒组件原则构建适应性强的应用程序。
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引用次数: 41
Advanced control flows for flexible graphical user interfaces: or, growing GUIs on trees or, bookmarking GUIs 用于灵活图形用户界面的高级控制流:或者,在树上生长gui或书签gui
P. Graunke, S. Krishnamurthi
Web and GUI programs represent two extremely common and popular modes of human-computer interaction. Many GUI programs share the Web's notion of browsing through data- and decision-trees. This paper compares the user's browsing power in the two cases and illustrates that many GUI programs fall short of the Web's power to clone windows and bookmark applications. It identifies a key implementation problem that GUI programs must overcome to provide this power. It then describes a theoretically well-founded programming pattern, which we have automated, that endows GUI programs with these capabilities. The paper provides concrete examples of the transformation in action.
Web和GUI程序代表了两种极其常见和流行的人机交互模式。许多GUI程序共享Web的概念,即浏览数据树和决策树。本文比较了这两种情况下用户的浏览能力,并说明许多GUI程序没有Web复制窗口和书签应用程序的能力。它指出了一个关键的实现问题,GUI程序必须克服这个问题才能提供这种能力。然后,它描述了一个理论上有良好基础的编程模式,我们已经自动化了,它赋予GUI程序这些功能。本文提供了实际应用中的具体实例。
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引用次数: 7
Hyper/J™: multi-dimensional separation of concerns for Java™ Hyper/J™:Java™的多维关注点分离
P. Tarr, H. Ossher, Stanley M. Sutton
This note presents an overview of this ICSE 2002 tutorial.
本文概述了本ICSE 2002教程。
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引用次数: 41
Generative techniques for product lines 生产线的生成技术
Greg Butler, D. Batory, K. Czarnecki, U. Eisenecker
A software product line leverages the knowledge of one or more domains in order to achieve short time-to-market, cost savings, and high quality software. The highest level of reuse comes by using domain-specific languages or visual builders to describe a member of the product line, and to generate the member from the description. Generative techniques can help us to capture the configuration knowledge for a product line and use it to generate concrete family members. This workshop focuses on technical issues of product lines, rather than economic issues.
软件产品线利用一个或多个领域的知识,以实现短时间上市、节省成本和高质量的软件。最高级别的重用来自于使用特定于领域的语言或可视化构建器来描述产品线的成员,并从描述中生成成员。生成技术可以帮助我们获取产品线的配置知识,并使用它来生成具体的家族成员。这次研讨会的重点是产品线的技术问题,而不是经济问题。
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引用次数: 6
ICSE workshop on software visualization ICSE软件可视化研讨会
Wim De Pauw, S. Reiss, J. Stasko
This workshop looks at current work in the area of software visualization with an emphasis on software understanding through visualization. It explores new visualization techniques, addressing software problems through visualization, frameworks for gathering and analyzing data for software visualization, software visualization systems, and experiments and experiences with software visualization. In addition to providing an overview of current research in the area, it provides a forum for discussions and cooperation among researchers in this and related areas.
本次研讨会着眼于软件可视化领域的当前工作,重点是通过可视化来理解软件。它探讨了新的可视化技术,通过可视化解决软件问题,为软件可视化收集和分析数据的框架,软件可视化系统,以及软件可视化的实验和经验。除了提供该领域当前研究的概述外,它还为该领域和相关领域的研究人员提供了一个讨论和合作的论坛。
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引用次数: 6
Methods of Component-Based Software Engineering: Essential Concepts and Classroom Experience 基于组件的软件工程方法:基本概念和课堂经验
K. Wallnau
The crucial role of software components in the construction of enterprise information management systems is now manifest. Notwithstanding this, the implication of software components on software engineering methods is not well understood by many practitioners. This tutorial explores the implications of two classes of component-based development efforts. First, those efforts where components are custom-developed and deployed onto a pre-fabricated component infrastructure such as Enterprise JavaBeansTM, and second, efforts where commercial off-the-shelf components are integrated into an enterprise infrastructure upon which business logic can be deployed.
软件构件在企业信息管理系统建设中的重要作用日益显现。尽管如此,许多实践者并没有很好地理解软件组件对软件工程方法的影响。本教程探讨了两类基于组件的开发工作的含义。第一种是定制开发组件并将其部署到预制组件基础设施(如Enterprise JavaBeansTM)上的工作,第二种是将商业现成组件集成到企业基础设施(可在其上部署业务逻辑)中的工作。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings - International Conference on Software Engineering. International Conference on Software Engineering
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